2021年高考英語(yǔ)“單項(xiàng)選擇”提分訓(xùn)練：動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)-2013年

動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)1.(2021?安徽卷?T22)Beforeyoupayavisittoaplaceofinterest,lookinyourlocallibrary____abookaboutit.A.on B.at C.for D.to【解析】選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意:你參觀名勝之前,要在當(dāng)?shù)貓D書(shū)館查找一本關(guān)于它的書(shū)。lookfor查找;lookon看待,旁觀;lookat看;lookto朝……看去,留神。2.(2021·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅱ·T8)(2021·大綱版全國(guó)卷·T28)Thewatchwasverygood,andhe20percentdownforit.A.paid B.cost C.bought D.spent【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意:這塊表很好,他打八折買的。pay+money+forsth.為某物付多少錢;cost表示“花費(fèi)”時(shí),主語(yǔ)是物不是人;buysb.sth./buysth.forsb.為某人買某物;spend+money+onsth./indoingsth.在某物上花多少錢。故選A。3.(2021·浙江卷·T9)Whenthegroupdiscussionisnearingitsend,makesureto_____itwithimportantpoints.A.conclude B.leadC.avoid D.hold【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)小組爭(zhēng)辯接近尾聲時(shí),確定要以重點(diǎn)而結(jié)束。conclude結(jié)束;lead指導(dǎo),指引;avoid避開(kāi);hold抓住,握住。故選A。4.(2021·浙江卷·T17)Bearsfatstoresthroughoutthesummerandfalltohaveenergyenoughtolastthemthroughtheirwintersleep.A.packup B.buildupC.bringup D.takeup【解析】選B。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)用法。句意:熊在整個(gè)夏天和秋天積蓄脂肪以度過(guò)冬眠期。packup停止,收工;buildup漸漸增加;bringup撫養(yǎng),使……長(zhǎng)大;takeup開(kāi)頭從事,占據(jù)(時(shí)間、空間等)。故選B。5.(2021·遼寧卷·T32)BriggswillasgeneralmanagerwhenMitchellretires.A.getaway B.takeoverC.setoff D.runout【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:Mitchell退休后Briggs將接替她任總經(jīng)理。A項(xiàng)表示離開(kāi),脫身,逃掉;B項(xiàng)表示接替,接管;C項(xiàng)表示動(dòng)身,動(dòng)身;D項(xiàng)表示用光,用完。6.(2021·天津卷·T2)Ifyouareintrouble,Mikeisalwayswillingtoahand.A.lendB.shakeC.waveD.want【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:假如你有困難,邁克總是情愿伸出援手來(lái)幫你。lend借;shake搖動(dòng);wave揮手;want想。lendahand幫忙。7.(2021·天津卷·T8)Ihadhopedtotakeaholidaythisyear,butIwasn’tableto.A.getaway B.dropinC.checkout D.holdon【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:我原本期望今年去度假的,但是我沒(méi)能休假。A項(xiàng)離開(kāi),逃脫,休假;B項(xiàng)(順便)訪問(wèn);C項(xiàng)檢查,結(jié)賬離開(kāi);D項(xiàng)堅(jiān)持,別掛斷。依據(jù)句意選A。8.(2021·江西卷·T27)Motheralwayscomplainsthatchildrentheirshoesveryquickly.A.findout B.washout C.wearout D.setout【解析】選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:母親總是埋怨孩子們把鞋穿破得太快了。A項(xiàng)意為“找出,查明”;B項(xiàng)意為“洗潔凈,洗掉”;C項(xiàng)意為“穿破”;D項(xiàng)意為“動(dòng)身,動(dòng)身”。9.(2021·福建卷·T28)Old-fashionedphonesmatterwhenwirelessnetworks_______indisasters.A.turndown B.turnoutC.breakdown D.breakout【解析】選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:當(dāng)無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)在災(zāi)難中出故障的時(shí)候,老式手機(jī)就派上用場(chǎng)了。breakdown(機(jī)器等)壞了,出毛病了,(人)身體垮了,失敗,分解;turndown(將音量等)調(diào)低,拒絕;turnout結(jié)果是,證明是;breakout爆發(fā),突然發(fā)生。10.(2021·福建卷·T24)Michellefoundajobasahighschoolteacherwhich______spendingquitealotoftimewithstudents.A.enjoys B.involvesC.practices D.suggests【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:米歇爾找到了一份作為中學(xué)老師的工作,這份工作涉及要和同學(xué)一起度過(guò)很多時(shí)間。involve包含,涉及;enjoy享受,寵愛(ài);practice練習(xí);suggest建議,示意。11.(2021·安徽卷·T26)Traditionally,collegestudentsholdagraduationceremonytoencouragethemselvesbeforetheyontheirlifejourney.A.giveup B.settledownC.getthrough D.setoff【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:傳統(tǒng)上認(rèn)為,高校生進(jìn)行畢業(yè)典禮是為了在他們開(kāi)頭生活之旅之前為自己加油助威。setoff動(dòng)身,動(dòng)身;giveup放棄;settledown定居,安靜下來(lái),認(rèn)真于;getthrough完成,接通(電話等)。12.(2021·湖北卷·T23)Whileintelligentpeoplecanoftenthecomplex,afoolismorelikelytocomplicatethesimple.A.sacrificeB.substituteC.simplifyD.survive【解析】選C。考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:智者經(jīng)常能夠簡(jiǎn)化簡(jiǎn)潔的問(wèn)題,而愚人更可能把簡(jiǎn)潔的事情簡(jiǎn)潔化。A項(xiàng)“犧牲”;B項(xiàng)“替代,頂替”;C項(xiàng)“簡(jiǎn)化”;D項(xiàng)“幸存下來(lái)”。依據(jù)句意可知選C項(xiàng)。13.(2021·湖北卷·T24)Accordingtothelaw,allforeignershavetowiththelocalpolicewithintwoweeksofarrival.A.associate B.dispute C.negotiate D.register【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:依據(jù)法律,全部的外國(guó)人在到達(dá)后的兩周內(nèi)必需到當(dāng)?shù)氐木炀肿?cè)登記。A項(xiàng)“聯(lián)系,結(jié)交”;B項(xiàng)“爭(zhēng)辯”;C項(xiàng)“談判”;D項(xiàng)“登記,注冊(cè)”。依據(jù)句意可知選D項(xiàng)。14.(2021·湖北卷·T25)Butterfliesasweetliquidproducedbyflowers,whichbeesandotherinsectscollect.A.carryon B.feedon C.puton D.focuson【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:蝴蝶食用花朵分泌的甜汁,這是蜜蜂和其他昆蟲(chóng)采集的東西。A項(xiàng)“連續(xù),堅(jiān)持”;B項(xiàng)“以……為主食”;C項(xiàng)“穿上,上演”;D項(xiàng)“聚焦,集中”。依據(jù)句意可知選B項(xiàng)。15.(2021·湖北卷·T26)Inmuchoftheanimalworld,nightisthetimeforsleep—pureandsimple.A.setaside B.setdownC.setoff D.setup【解析】選A。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:在動(dòng)物世界里,夜晚是特地留出睡覺(jué)的時(shí)間——純粹而簡(jiǎn)潔。A項(xiàng)“(特地)留出,撥出”;B項(xiàng)“寫下,登記”;C項(xiàng)“動(dòng)身,動(dòng)身,引起,引爆”;D項(xiàng)“建立”。依據(jù)句意可知選A項(xiàng)。16.(2021·江西卷·T31)Shethecarpetwithsomeverynicecurtainsincolour.A.connected B.fitted C.equipped D.matched【解析】選D。考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:在顏色上,她把地毯和好看的窗簾搭配起來(lái)。A項(xiàng)意為“聯(lián)系,連接”;B項(xiàng)意為“安裝”;C項(xiàng)意為“裝備”;D項(xiàng)意為“相稱,搭配”。依據(jù)句意,選D。17.(2021·江蘇卷·T23)—Thetownissobeautiful!Ijustloveit.—Metoo.Thecharacterofthetowniswell.A.qualified B.preserved C.decorated D.simplified【解析】選B。考查動(dòng)詞。句意:——這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)真美!我很寵愛(ài)?！乙惨粯?。這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)的特色保持得很好。A項(xiàng)“有資格,合格”;B項(xiàng)“疼惜,保持,腌制”;C項(xiàng)“裝飾”;D項(xiàng)“使簡(jiǎn)化”。18.(2021·江蘇卷·T29)Teamleadersmustensurethatallmemberstheirnaturaldesiretoavoidtheembarrassmentassociatedwithmakingmistakes.A.getover B.lookover C.takeover D.comeover【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:團(tuán)隊(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)應(yīng)當(dāng)確保全部成員克服他們的想避開(kāi)因犯錯(cuò)而產(chǎn)生尷尬的天性。A項(xiàng)“克服,解決”;B項(xiàng)“查看,檢查”;C項(xiàng)“接管,接任”;D項(xiàng)“過(guò)來(lái),順便來(lái)訪,轉(zhuǎn)變立場(chǎng)”。19.(2021·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅰ·T23)Trynottocoughmorethanyoucansinceitmaycauseproblemstoyourlungs.A.check B.allow C.stop D.help【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。句意:盡量能把握咳嗽就別咳嗽,由于會(huì)傷到肺。check檢查;allow允許;stop停止;help掛念。canhelp(doing)sth.表示“阻擋或避開(kāi)(做)某事”。20.(2021·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅰ·T30)Atthelastmoment,Tomdecidedtoanewcharactertomakethestoryseemmorelikely.A.putup B.putin C.puton D.putoff【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意:在最終一刻,湯姆打算添加一個(gè)新的角色以使故事感覺(jué)更真實(shí)。putup舉起,建立;putin加入,放入;puton穿上,上演;putoff推遲。21.(2021·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅱ·T2)(2021·大綱版全國(guó)卷·T22)Wouldyouliketo______withustothefilmtonight?A.comealong B.comeoffC.comeacross D.comethrough【解析】選A?？疾閏ome動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意:今晚你情愿和我們一起去看電影嗎?comealong一起來(lái),毀滅,進(jìn)展,趕快;comeoff實(shí)現(xiàn),進(jìn)行;come