2021高考英語昆明市(三月)閱讀類課外自練(7)及答案

2021高考英語昆明市（三月）閱讀類課外自練（7）及答案閱讀理解-。閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ManypeoplebelieveHenryFordinventedtheautomobile(汽車)．ButHenryForddidnotstarttobuildhisfirstcaruntil1896.ThatwaselevenyearsaftertwoGermansdevelopedtheworld'sfirstautomobile.ManypeoplebelieveHenryFordinventedtheproductionlinethatmovedacar'spartstotheworker，insteadofmakingtheworkermovetotheparts.Thatisnottrue，either.ManyfactoryownersusedmethodsofthiskindbeforeFord.WhatHenryForddidwastouseotherpeople'sideasandmakethembetter.Andhemadethewholefactoryamovingproductionline.Intheearlydaysoftheautomobile，almosteverycarmakerracedhiscars.Itwasthebestwayofgainingpublicnotice.HenryForddecidedtobuildaracingcar.Ford'smostfamousracewashisfirstone.Itwasalsothelastraceinwhichhedrovethecarhimself.Theracewasin1901，atafieldnearDetroit.Allofthemostfamouscarshadentered,butonlytwowereleft：theWintonandFord's.TheWintonwasfamousforitsspeed.Mostpeoplethoughttheracewasoverbeforeitbegan.TheWintontookanearlylead.Buthalfwaythroughtherace,itbegantolosepower.Fordstartedtogain.Andneartheendoftherace,hetookthelead.FordwontheraceanddefeatedtheWinton.Hisnameappearedinnewspapersandhebecamewell-knownallovertheUnitedStates.Withinweeksoftherace,HenryFordformedanewautomobilecompany.In1903,adoctorinDetroitboughtthefirstcarfromthecompany.That_salewasthebeginningofHenryFord'sdream.Fordsaid:“Iwillbuildamotorcarforthegreatmassofpeople.Itwillbelargeenoughforthefamily,butsmallenoughforonepersontooperateandcarefor.Itwillbebuiltofthebestmaterials.Itwillbebuiltbythebestmentobeemployed.Anditwillbebuiltwiththesimplestplansthatmodernengineeringcanproduce.Itwillbesolowinpricethatnomanmakinggoodmoneywillbeunabletoownone.”TheModelTwasacarofthatkind.Itonlycost$850.Itwasasimplemachinethatdriverscoulddependon.DoctorsboughttheModelT．Sodidfarmers.Evencriminals.Theyconsidereditthefastestandsurestformoftransportation.AmericanslovedtheModelT．Theywrotestoriesandsongsaboutit.ThousandsofModelT'swerebuiltinthefirstfewyears.本文記敘了亨利福特充分利用別人的想法，生產(chǎn)出了自己的汽車，形成了自己的生產(chǎn)流水線。通過賽車競賽，使公眾關(guān)注到自己的汽車，然后建立了自己的汽車公司，為全部的一般顧客生產(chǎn)汽車。1．WhatdoweknowaboutHenryFordfromParagraph1?A．Hemadegooduseofideasfromothers.B．Heproducedthefirstcarintheworld.C．Heknewhowtoimproveautoparts.D．Heinventedtheproductionline.答案：A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)短文第一段倒數(shù)其次句話可知：福特所做的就是利用別人的想法，然后更好地利用。2．WhydidHenryFordtakepartinthe1901carrace?A．Toshowoffhisdrivingskills. B．Todrawpublicattention.C．Tolearnaboutnewtechnology. D．Toraisemoneyforhisnewcompany.答案：B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)短文其次段可知，開頭時(shí)，每個(gè)汽車制造者都開賽車，并且這是引人留意的最好方法。因此他制造自己的賽車，進(jìn)行競賽，目的是引人留意。3．“Thatsale”inParagraph4refersto______.A．thesellingofFordcarsatreducedpricesB．thesaleofModelTtothemassofpeopleC．thesellingofacartoaDetroitdoctorD．thesalestargetfortheFordCompany答案：C。詞義猜想題。由上一句話“In1903,adoctorinDetroitboughtthefirstcarfromthecompany”可知，thatsale指代的是醫(yī)生買車這件事。4．WhatwasHenryFord'sdreamaccordingtothetext?A．Producingcarsforaveragecustomers.B．Buildingracingcarsofsimpledesign.C．Designingmorecarmodels.D．Startingmorecompanies.答案：A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由短文倒數(shù)其次段及最終一段可知，他造的車價(jià)格低，能掙錢的人都能買得起他的車，醫(yī)生，農(nóng)夫甚至罪犯都買他的車。由此可知他的幻想就是為一般老百姓造車。閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Youknoweatingfruitandvegetablesdoesgood.Butdoyouknowitcanalsomakeyoulookgood?Peoplewhoincreasedtheirintakeoverjustsixweeksdevelopedahealthyglowandappearedmoreattractive,researchersfound.ScientistsatStAndrewsFruitandvegetablesarerichincarotenoids(類胡蘿卜素)，whichareknowntoprotectagainstcelldamagefrompollutionandUVrays,andcanalsopreventage-relateddiseasesincludingheartdiseaseandcancer.Butwhileitwasknowneatingextremeamountsofcertainvegetablessuchascarrotscouldturnskinorange，itwasnotknownasmallincreasewasperceptible(被覺察）toothers—andwasseenasappealing.Acamerameasuredchangestotheskin'sredness,yellownessandlightness,andfounditsignificantlychangedinpeoplewhonaturallyincreasedtheirintake.Thesechangeswerenotevidentinthreeweeks.Usinglightsensors,theresearchersshowedtheseredandyellowhueswerelinkedwiththelevelsofcarotenoidsintheirskin.Therearehundredsofcarotenoidsbutthosethoughttohavethemostdramaticeffectarelycopene(番茄紅素)—whichgivestomatoesandredpepperstheirredcolour—andbeta-carotenefoundincarrotsaswellasbroccoli,squash,andspinach.Skincolourisalsoaffectedbychemicalscalledpolyphenols(多元酚)，foundinapples,blueberriesandcherries,whichcausebloodrushtotheskinsurface.1.Whatdoweknowfromtheresearch?A.Ifyoutakeinalittlemorefruitandvegetables,youwillobviouslylookmoreattractiveinthreeweeks.B.Theresearcherstookthepicturesofthe35peopleintheresearchatdifferentstages.C.Increasingyourintakeofgreensby2.9portionsadaycangreatlyimproveyourhealth.D.Peoplewhoincreasedtheirintakeofgreensby3.3portionsadaywerefoundthemostattractiveaftersixweeks.2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthefunctionofcarotenoids？A.TheycanprotectagainstcelldamagefrompollutionandUVrays.B.Theycanpreventheartdiseaseandcancer.C.Theycanpreventage-relateddiseases.D.Theycankeepyouingoodhealth.3.WhichofthestatementsisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.We'vealreadyknowneatingextremeamountsofcarrotscanturnskinorange.B.Weknewinthepastthateatingafewmorecarrotscouldmakeuslookappealing.C.Theresearchshowedtheimprovementinskinislinkedwiththelevelsofcarotenoidsinit.D.Amonghundredsofcarotenoids,lycopeneisthoughttohavethemostdramatic4.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_____.A.skin'sredness,yellownessandlightnessmakeapersonlookmorehealthyandattractiveB.carotenoidshavethesameeffectaslycopeneC.itiscarotenoidsthatgivetomatoesandredpepperstheirredcolourD.bothbeta-caroteneandpolyphenolsaffectskincolourbycausingbloodrushtotheskinsurface5.Whichcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Eatingfruitandvegetablesdoesgood.B.Fruitandvegetablesarerichincarotenoids.C.Howtobecomeattractive？D.Eatingfruitandvegetablesmakesyoulookgood.【參考答案】1—5、BDBAD【2021界廣東省三?！客晷吞羁?。閱讀下面短文，把握其大意，然后從36—55各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Myfatherenjoysbikeriding.EversinceIwaslittle,I’vealwayslovedgoingbikingwithmydad.36_,asIbecameateenager,otherthingsbeganto37myattention.Itwasimportanttodothingswithfriends38.Isawmydadeveryeveningathome.WhydidIhaveto39mySundaystoall-daybiketripswithhim,40?Ifmyindifference(冷漠)41him,myfatherkeptsilent,buthe42alwaysletmeknowwhenhewasplanningabiketrip43Iwantedtocome.ItwasaSundaymorning,andIwasinlow__44__.Twoofmyfriendshadgonetothe45withoutinvitingme.Justthenmyfatherenteredmyroom.“It’sabeautifulday.Wanttogoforaridetoday,Beck?”“Leavemealone!”Iimpatiently46.ThosewerethelastwordsIsaidtohim47heleftthehousethatmorning.Severalhourslater,the48calledusinformingusthatDadhadatrafficaccident.Myfather’sinjurieswereserious.Ittookseveraldaysbeforehecould_49speak.BesidehisbedIheldhishandgently,50__ofhurtinghim.“Daddy…Iamsorry…”“It’sokay,sweetheart.I’llbeokay.”“No,”Isaid,“I51whatIsaidtoyouthatday.Youknow,thatmorning?”“Sweetheart,Idon’t52anythingaboutthatday,notbefore,duringoraftertheaccident:Irememberkissingyougoodnightthenightbefore,though.”He53aweaksmile.IfeltregretfulformythoughtlessremarkforIneverwantedhimtoleavemealone.Myteacheroncetoldmethat54_haveimmeasurablepower.Theycanhurtortheycanheal(治愈).Andweallhavethe55___36.A.Besides B.Instead C.Therefore D.However【答案】D【解析】考查副詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。besides并且；instead反而；therefore因此；however可是。依據(jù)后面的otherthings可知，這里表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。可是當(dāng)我十幾歲時(shí)，其他的事情又開頭引起我的留意，故選D。37.A.pay B.fix C.draw D.call【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。payone’sattention留意；fixone’sattention留意；drawone’sattention引起留意；callone’sattention使某人留意?？墒钱?dāng)我十幾歲時(shí)，其他的事情又開頭引起我的留意，依據(jù)句意故選C。38.A.intime B.onceagain C.allofasudden D.ononehand【答案】C【解析】考查短語及上下文的呼應(yīng)。intime準(zhǔn)時(shí)；onceagain又一次；allofasudden突然地；ononehand一方面。突然感覺和伴侶做一些事情是重要的，故選C。39.A.devote B.save C.start D.waste【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。devote致力于；save挽救；start開頭； waste鋪張。devote．．．to是固定搭配，意思是“投入……做某事”，即我為什么也要花費(fèi)整個(gè)星期日和他騎車啊。故選A。40.A.too B.either C.also D.aswell【答案】A【解析】考查副詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。too也，用在確定句或疑問句中，通常位于句末；either也，用在否定句，放在句末，之前加逗號(hào)；also也，用在確定句，句中；aswell一般不用否定句，通常放在句末，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)可放在句中。這里是疑問句，故選A。41.A.wounded B.harmed Cinjured D.hurt【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。wound用作動(dòng)詞時(shí),意思是“使…受傷,損害”。可指身體上的損害,也可表示感情上的傷痛,是及物動(dòng)詞,接名詞或代詞作賓語,可用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。指槍傷、刀傷、刺傷等皮肉之傷，是出血的、嚴(yán)峻的傷，尤其指用武器有意造成的傷口、傷疤或戰(zhàn)場上受傷。harm表示人的心理、健康、權(quán)力或事業(yè)上的損害,程度較輕;injure比hurt正式，主要指意外事故中損害健康、容貌等，強(qiáng)調(diào)功能的損失。hurt為一般用語，既可指肉體上的損害（可被badly,slightly,seriously等修飾），也可指精神上、感情上的損害（被verymuch／rather／deeply修飾），多指傷痛。這里指心理上的損害，假如我的緘默損害了他，他就保持緘默，故選D。42.A.could B.would C.might D.must【答案】B【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。could能； would過去經(jīng)常，將要；might或許；must必需。依據(jù)always可知這里表示過去經(jīng)常，但是他總是想讓我知道他什么時(shí)候進(jìn)行自行車旅行，故選B。43.A.unless B.incase C.sothat D.asif【答案】B【解析】考查連詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。unless 除非；incase萬一；sothat以便； asif好像。incase意思是“以防（萬一）”。當(dāng)他方案自行車旅行的時(shí)候總會(huì)讓我知道，萬一我也想去。故選B。44.A.spirits B.conditions C.emotions D.hopes【答案】A【解析】考查名詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。spirits精神；conditions條件；emotions情感；hopes期望。inlowspirits是固定短語，意思是“心情低落”。由空后“我的兩個(gè)伴侶去看電影卻沒叫我”可知答案。故選A。45.A.supper B.movies C.school D.office【答案】B【解析】考查名詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。supper晚飯；movies電影；school 學(xué)校；office辦公室。我的兩個(gè)伴侶去看電影（movies）卻沒叫我，故選B。46.A.whispered B.shouted C.warned D.announce【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。whispered低語；shouted大叫；warned警告；announce宣布。我不耐煩地大叫（shouted）到，“讓我一個(gè)人呆著?！惫蔬xB。47.A.until B.when C.before D.after【答案】C【解析】考查連詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。until直到；when什么時(shí)候；before在……以前；after在……之后。在他那天早晨離開我的房間之前（before）那是我給他說的最終的話，故選C。48.A.teacher B.friend C.passer-by D.police【答案】D【解析】考查名詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。tea