高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)作業(yè)二十七選修6Unit2Poems課件新人教版

二十七選修6

Unit2

Poems(限時(shí)35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2021·金華模擬)

You’vejustfinishedaheavymealandarefullup.Suddenly,yourhostannouncesproudlythathewillbeservinghis“housespecialty”dessert,bananasflambeandthathehasspentthebetterpartoftheafternoonpreparingit.Eventhoughyouarefullanddon’tevenlikebananas,youacceptaservingofhisdessertandeatitall.Clearly,biologicalfactorsdonotfullyexplainoureatingbehavior.Socialfactors,basedonsocietalrulesandonwhatwehavelearnedaboutappropriateeatingbehavior,alsoplayanimportantrole.Take,forexample,thesimplefactthatpeoplecustomarilyeatbreakfast,lunchanddinneratapproximatelythesametimeseveryday.Becausewetendtoeatonscheduleeveryday,wefeelhungryastheusualhourapproaches.Similarly,weputroughlythesameamountoffoodonourplateeveryday,eventhoughtheamountofexercisewemayhavehad,andconsequentlyourneedforenergysupply,variesfromdaytoday.Wealsotendtopreferparticularfoodoverothers.RatsanddogsmaybeadelicacyincertainAsiancultures,butfewpeopleinWesternculturesfindthemappealingdespitetheirpotentiallyhighnutritionalvalue.Insum,culturalinfluencesandourindividualhabitsplayimportantrolesindeterminingwhen,what,andhowmuchweeat.Othersocialfactorsrelatetooureatingbehavioraswell.Someofusheadtowardtherefrigeratorafteradifficultday,seekingcomfortinascoopofHeathBarCrunchicecream.Perhapswhenwewerechildren,ourparentsgaveusfoodwhenwewereupset.Eventually,wemayhavelearnedtoassociatefoodwithcomfort.Similarly,wemaylearnthateating,whichfocusesourattentiononimmediatepleasures,providesanescapefromunpleasantthoughts.Consequently,wemayeatwhenwefeelupsetandanxious.【文章大意】用餐后,面對(duì)主人端來的甜點(diǎn),即使你不喜歡吃,你可能也會(huì)吃下去。作者利用舉例的方法解釋了飲食方面的社會(huì)因素。1.Whatcausesyoutoacceptthehost’sdessertofferattheendofthemeal?A.Yourhunger.

B.Thehost’spride.C.Thepleasanttaste. D.Socialpoliteness.【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Eventhoughyouarefullanddon’tevenlikebananas,youacceptaservingofhisdessertandeatitall和下文出現(xiàn)的socialfactors可知,你吃下餐后的甜點(diǎn)是由于社交禮貌。故選D。2.Theauthorexplainsthefactorsineatingmainlyby_________.

A.makingacomparison B.usingexamplesC.analyzingthedata D.undertakingasurvey【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段forexample和第三段Ratsanddogs以及第四段ourparents...可知,作者利用舉例的方法解釋飲食方面的原因。故選B。3.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SocialFactorsinEating.B.CausesofHunger.C.TableMannersatMeals.D.CulturalDifferencesinEating.【解析】選A。主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段Eventhoughyouarefullanddon’tevenlikebananas,youacceptaservingofhisdessertandeatitall和下文出現(xiàn)的socialfactors和第四段的Othersocialfactors可知,文章主要講述飲食中的社會(huì)因素。故選A。BSpendingoverayearinthebleak(荒涼的)Antarcticamightchangeyourbrainfortheworse,accordingtonewresearchoutthismonth.Itseemstoshowthatpolarexplorerswholivedfor14monthsatanAntarcticaresearchstationexperiencedbrainshrinkage,likelyasaresultoftheirlonelinessandboredom.Thestudy’sauthorsusedMRI(核磁共振)toscanthebrainsofeightmembersofateambeforetheybeganalongstayattheGerman-runresearchstation.Duringtheirmission,theteamperiodicallytooktestsoftheircognitionandmemoryandprovidedbloodsamplesthatallowedthestudyauthorstomeasuretheirlevelsofaproteinimportantforbrainhealthcalledbrain-derivedneurotrophicfactor(BDNF).Whentheyreturned,theyhadtheirbrainsscannedagain.Finally,comparedtothemselvesbeforethemission,theexplorers’brainsappearedtohavelessgreymatteronaverage.Theshrinkagewasmostapparentinthehippocampus,inareaofthebrainkeytomemoryandcognition.TheiraveragelevelsofBDNFalsodroppedduringthetripanddidn’timprovesignificantlyevenafterone-and-a-halfmonthsbackhome.Thestudy’sfindings,publishedinThe

New

England

Journal

of

Medicine,aren’tthefirsttosuggestthatlongtimeofbeingseparatedcanchangethebrain.Butpracticallyallofthisworkhasinvolvedanimals,accordingtotheresearchers.Ofcourse,aneight-personstudyissmall,soanyofitsconclusionsshouldbetakenwithcaution.LeadauthorAlexanderC.Stahn,nowaresearcheratthePerelmanSchoolofMedicineattheUniversityofPennsylvania,saidthattheeffectsonthehippocampusarelikelytemporary,providedthescientistsreturnedbacktoalifefilledwithsocialinteractionandinterestingthingstosee.Still,sincepeoplewillcontinuetravelingtoandfromAntarcticaforlongperiodsoftime,thefindingsaredefinitelyworthkeepinginmindandexploringfurther.TheymightevenproverelevantfortherarefewpeoplewhomighttravelasfarasMarsinthefuture—perhapstheonlysimilarlyscientific,months-longmissionthatwouldbeevenmorelonely.【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了有研究表明,在一個(gè)孤獨(dú)的地方待很長時(shí)間會(huì)對(duì)大腦造成損害。介紹了這項(xiàng)研究的過程、相關(guān)研究人員對(duì)此的看法和這一發(fā)現(xiàn)的重要性。4.Whatwilldodamagetothebrainaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Doingresearchinbrainshrinkage.B.TravelingtotheAntarctica.C.Workingasaresearcherinastation.D.Beinginalonelyplaceforalongtime.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段SpendingoverayearinthebleakAntarcticamightchangeyourbrainfortheworse,accordingtonewresearchoutthismonth.Itseemstoshowthatpolarexplorerswholivedfor14monthsatanAntarcticaresearchstationexperiencedbrainshrinkage,likelyasaresultoftheirlonelinessandboredom.可知,根據(jù)本月公布的一項(xiàng)新研究,在荒涼的南極洲度過一年多可能會(huì)讓你的大腦變得更糟。這似乎表明,在南極研究站生活了14個(gè)月的極地探險(xiǎn)家的大腦出現(xiàn)了萎縮,可能是由于他們的孤獨(dú)和無聊。由此可知,在一個(gè)孤獨(dú)的地方待很長時(shí)間會(huì)對(duì)大腦造成損害。故選D。5.Howdidthescientistsgettheconclusion?A.Bycomparingthescannedresults.B.Bystudyingthepreviousfigures.C.Bymakingalong-termprogram.D.Byscanningtheparticipants’brains.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Thestudy’sauthorsusedMRItoscanthebrainsofeightmembersofateambeforetheybeganalongstayattheGerman-runresearchstation.Duringtheirmission,theteamperiodicallytooktestsoftheircognitionandmemoryandprovidedbloodsamplesthatallowedthestudyauthorstomeasuretheirlevelsofaproteinimportantforbrainhealthcalledbrain-derived

neurotrophicfactor(BDNF).Whentheyreturned,theyhadtheirbrainsscannedagain.(該研究的作者在一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)的8名成員開始在德國運(yùn)營的研究站長期停留之前,使用核磁共振成像掃描了他們的大腦。在他們執(zhí)行任務(wù)的過程中,團(tuán)隊(duì)成員定期進(jìn)行認(rèn)知和記憶測試,并提供血樣,使研究作者能夠測量他們的一種叫腦源性神經(jīng)營養(yǎng)因子的蛋白質(zhì)水平,這種蛋白質(zhì)對(duì)大腦健康很重要。當(dāng)他們返回時(shí),再次對(duì)他們的大腦進(jìn)行掃描)以及第三段Finally,comparedtothemselvesbeforethemission,theexplorers’brainsappearedtohavelessgreymatteronaverage.Theshrinkagewasmostapparentinthehippocampus,inareaofthebrainkeytomemoryandcognition.TheiraveragelevelsofBDNFalsodroppedduringthetripanddidn’timprovesignificantlyevenafterone-and-a-halfmonthsbackhome.可知,最后,與執(zhí)行任務(wù)前相比,探險(xiǎn)者的大腦平均灰質(zhì)較少。海馬的萎縮最為明顯,主要是大腦中記憶和認(rèn)知的關(guān)鍵區(qū)域。他們的平均BDNF水平在旅途中也有所下降,即使在回家一個(gè)半月后也沒有明顯改善。由此可知,科學(xué)家通過比較掃描結(jié)果得出結(jié)論。故選A。6.Whatcanweinferabouttheexplorerswhentheyreturned?A.Theywerenolongerusedtothecivilizedworld.B.Theyhadsomedifficultyinrememberingthings.C.Theybecamenormalafterone-and-a-halfmonths.D.Theypublishedtheirfindingsinamedicalmagazine.【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中Finally,comparedtothemselvesbeforethemission,theexplorers’brainsappearedtohavelessgreymatteronaverage.Theshrinkagewasmostapparentinthehippocampus,inareaofthebrainkeytomemoryandcognition.可知,最后,與執(zhí)行任務(wù)前相比,探險(xiǎn)家的大腦平均灰質(zhì)較少。海馬的萎縮最為明顯,主要是大腦中記憶和認(rèn)知的關(guān)鍵區(qū)域。由此可推知,當(dāng)探險(xiǎn)家返回時(shí),他們?cè)谟洃浄矫嬗行├щy。故選B。7.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theimportanceofthefindings.B.Thedisadvantageofthefindings.C.Thefuturedevelopmentofthespace.D.ThepossibilityoftravellingtoMars.【解析】選A。段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段Still,sincepeoplewillcontinuetravelingtoandfromAntarcticaforlongperiodsoftime,thefindingsaredefinitelyworthkeepinginmindandexploringfurther.TheymightevenproverelevantfortherarefewpeoplewhomighttravelasfarasMarsinthefuture—perhapstheonlysimilarlyscientific,months-longmissionthatwouldbeevenmorelonely.可知,盡管如此,由于人們將在很長一段時(shí)間內(nèi)繼續(xù)往返于南極洲之間,這些發(fā)現(xiàn)絕對(duì)值得我們牢記在心,值得進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步探索。它們甚至可能會(huì)被證明與未來可能遠(yuǎn)行到火星的極少數(shù)人有關(guān)——也許只有類似的科學(xué)性、長達(dá)數(shù)月的任務(wù)才會(huì)更加孤獨(dú)。由此可知,最后一段主要講了這些發(fā)現(xiàn)的重要性。故選A?！局R(shí)拓展】長難句分析Duringtheirmission,theteamperiodicallytooktestsoftheircognitionandmemoryandprovidedbloodsamplesthatallowedthestudyauthorstomeasuretheirlevelsofaproteinimportantforbrainhealthcalledbrain-derivedneurotrophicfactor(BDNF).分析:該句是復(fù)合句。“thatallowedthestudyauthorstomeasuretheirlevelsofaprotein”作定語,修飾先行詞samples,后面的importantforbrainhealthcalledbrain-derivedneurotrophicfactor(BDNF)作后置定語,修飾前面的aprotein。翻譯:在他們執(zhí)行任務(wù)的過程中,團(tuán)隊(duì)成員定期進(jìn)行認(rèn)知和記憶測試,并提供血樣,使研究作者能夠測量他們的一種叫腦源性神經(jīng)營養(yǎng)因子的蛋白質(zhì)水平,這種蛋白質(zhì)對(duì)大腦健康很重要。Ⅱ.完形填空

ThatholidaymorningIdidn’thavetoattendschool.Usually,onholidays,Mother

1

metosleepin.AndIwouldcertainlytakefulladvantageofit.Onthisparticularmorning,

2

,Ifeltlikegettingupearly.

Istoodbymywindowoverlookingthe

3

,havingnothingbettertodo.Butasitturnedout,Iwassoontolearnaboutsomething

4

inlife.

AsIwatchedseveralpeoplegoby,getintotheircarsandgooff,I

5

anoldmanonabicyclewithabucketonits

6

andabasket,ragsandbottlesonitsback-carriage.He

7

fromonecartoanother,washingandcleaningthem.Fromthewaterontheground,itseemedthathehadalready

8

washingandcleaningaboutadozenormorecars.Hemusthavebeguntoworkquiteearlyinthemorning.

Severalthoughts

9

mymindasIwatchedhimwork.Hewasn’twell-dressed.Hehadonapairofshortsanda(n)

10

T-shirt.Thebicycleherodewasnotbyanymeansthekindmodern

11

wouldwanttobeseenridingon.Butheseemed

12

withlife.Therehewas,workinghardathissmallbusiness,

13

atpassers-byandstoppingtochatnowandthen

14

elderlymenandwomenontheirwaytothemarketnearby.

Therewasanoticeabletouchof

15

inthewayheseemedtobedoingthings—

16

thewindscreen,thenstandingbacktoadmireit;scrubbingthewheelsand

17

,standingbacktoseewhattheylooklikeafterthescrub.

Itwasa

18

tolearn,Ifelt.Atnoageneedonehavetobegfora

19

ifonehasgoodhealthandiswillingtoworkhard.ForawhileIfelt

20

ofmyself.YoungasIam—justsixteen,andtherewasthisoldmanwhomusthavebeenusefullyengagedperhapsbeforethesunappearedabovethehorizon.

【文章大意】本文是記敘文。某假日的早晨,作者起得早早的。窗外停車場上,一位普通洗車工忙碌而自得其樂的情景令他悟得人生真諦:身體棒、肯勞動(dòng)就會(huì)成為有用之人!1.A.forces

B.allowsC.causes D.forbids【解析】選B。句意:通常,在節(jié)假日,母親允許我睡懶覺。forces強(qiáng)迫;allows允許;causes引起;forbids禁止。假日不用上學(xué),所以母親允許我睡懶覺。故選B。2.A.otherwise B.thereforeC.however D.besides【解析】選C。句意:在這個(gè)早晨,然而,我格外想早起。otherwise否則;therefore因此;however然而;besides另外。在這一天,我一反常態(tài),起得早早的。與上文形成對(duì)比轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選C。3.A.parkinglot B.busstopC.school D.market【解析】選A。句意:沒有更好的事可做,我站在窗邊俯瞰停車場。parkinglot停車場;busstop公共汽車站;school學(xué)校;market市場。由下文對(duì)洗車工忙碌的介紹可推測作者俯瞰窗外的停車場。故選A。4.A.interesting B.surprisingC.awful D.useful【解析】選D。句意:但事實(shí)證明,我很快學(xué)到了生活中有用的一課。interesting有趣的;surprising令人驚訝的;awful可怕的;useful有用的。從最后一段看出作者通過觀察洗車工忙碌而自得其樂的情形感悟到人有著勤勞而健康的雙手就會(huì)成為有用之人。這確實(shí)是有益的一課。故選D。5.A.noticed B.recognizedC.called D.assisted【解析】選A。句意:當(dāng)我看到幾個(gè)人經(jīng)過,上了他們的車然后走了時(shí),我注意到一個(gè)老人騎著單車,車把上掛著一只水桶,后車架上載著抹布和瓶瓶罐罐。noticed注意到;recognized意識(shí)到;called呼叫;assisted幫助。在忙碌而有序的洗車場上作者注意到一位騎著單車前來洗車的老人。故選A。6.A.back B.handleC.wheel D.seat【解析】選B。back背部;handle把手;wheel輪子;seat座位。描繪洗車工自行車的扶手上掛著一只水桶,后車架上載著抹布和瓶瓶罐罐。handle有“手柄,車把”之意。故選B。7.A.searched B.leftC.moved D.wandered【解析】選C。句意:他從一輛車移動(dòng)到另一輛車,清洗著它們。searched尋找;left離開;moved移動(dòng);wandered徘徊。洗車時(shí)當(dāng)然是從一輛車洗到另一輛車。有“移動(dòng)”之意。故選C。8.A.stopped B.startedC.intended D.finished【解析】選D。句意:從地上的水可以看出,似乎他已經(jīng)清洗完了大約十二輛或者更多的車輛。stopped停止;started開始;intended打算;finished完成。從文章描述淌滿地的水,可以看出洗車工已洗完大約十二輛車甚至更多。故選D。9.A.crossed B.slippedC.disturbed D.inspired【解析】選A。句意:當(dāng)我看著他工作時(shí),腦子里閃過一些想法。crossed穿過;slipped滑動(dòng);disturbed干擾;inspired鼓舞。作者看到洗車工工作專注而勤勞的情形,腦子里閃過一些想法。A項(xiàng)符合語境。故選A。10.A.attractive B.shinyC.simple D.expensive【解析】選C。句意:他穿得不好,他穿著短褲和一件簡單的T恤。attractive具有吸引力的;shiny有光澤的;simple簡單的;expensive昂貴的。由前一句得知,洗車工穿著簡樸,簡單,穿著短褲和簡樸的T恤衫。故選C。11.A.repairmen B.businessmenC.drivers D.cyclists【解析】選D。句意:他騎的自行車絕不是專業(yè)自行車騎手想被看到騎行的那種現(xiàn)代的自行車。repairmen修理工;businessmen生意人;drivers司機(jī);cyclists騎自行車的人。洗車工用的車絕不是專業(yè)自行車騎手所用的那一種。cyclists指自行車騎手。故選D。12.A.busy B.contentC.careful D.bored【解析】選B。句意:但是他似乎對(duì)生活很滿意。busy忙碌的;content滿意的;careful細(xì)心的;bored感到厭煩的。be(seem)contentwith表示“對(duì)……滿意”。根據(jù)文章所述,洗車工雖忙碌辛苦卻對(duì)此很滿意。故選B。13.A.waving B.lookingC.laughing D.pointing【解析】選A。句意:他在那里,在他的小生意上努力工作,向經(jīng)過的人揮著手,不時(shí)地停下來與去附近市場的老年人閑聊。waving揮動(dòng);looking看;laughing大笑;pointing指向。描述洗車工工作時(shí)時(shí)而向過路人揮手,時(shí)而停下手中的活與去市場的老人小敘一番。故選A。14.A.about B.forC.with D.like【解析】選C。chatwithsb.表示與某人閑聊。故選C。15.A.worry B.respectC.sympathy D.pride【解析】選D。句意:他做事時(shí),有一種明顯的自豪感。worry擔(dān)憂;respect尊重;sympathy同情;pride自豪。根據(jù)下文描述的洗車工擦完擋風(fēng)玻璃后會(huì)欣賞一番,洗完車輪后也會(huì)欣賞一番,由此可知,一股自豪(pride)滿意之情溢于言表。故選D。16.A.cleaning B.fixingC.replacing D.covering【解析】選A。句意:……清洗擋風(fēng)玻璃,然后站回去欣賞它。cleaning打掃;fixing固定,安裝;replacing替代;covering覆蓋。由后文的分號(hào)和scrubbing綜合得知,此處用scrubbing的同義詞。表示清洗擋風(fēng)玻璃。故選A。17.A.still B.yetC.again D.soon【解析】選C。句意:擦洗輪子后又退后看看它們?cè)诓镣旰蟮臉幼?。still仍然;yet還;again又;soon不久。前文說洗車工擦洗完擋風(fēng)玻璃,就“standingbacktoadmireit”;當(dāng)洗干凈車輪后又“standingbacktosee...”。故選C。18.A.lesson B.subjectC.skill D.fact【解析】選A。句意:我覺得它是學(xué)到的一堂課。lesson課;subject科目;skill技能;fact事實(shí)。洗車工感人而令人遐思的忙碌又自得其樂的場景,仿佛給作者上了一堂人生之課。故選A。19.A.business B.livingC.success D.right【解析】選B。句意:如果一個(gè)人有良好的健康并且愿意努力工作,在任何年齡都不需要為生活乞討。business生意;living生活;success成功;right權(quán)利。作者得出的人生真諦——有著健康的身體和勤勞的雙手,任何年齡段的人都不需要乞討謀生(過著不勞而獲的生活)。故選B。20.A.tired B.doubtfulC.fearful D.ashamed【解析】選D。句意:有一會(huì)兒,我為自己感到羞愧。tired勞累的;doubtful懷疑的;fearful可怕的;ashamed羞愧的。根據(jù)下文YoungasIam—justsixteen,andtherewasthisoldmanwhomusthavebeenusefullyengagedperhapsbeforethesunappearedabovethehorizon.可推斷,作者為自己這么年輕而無所事事感到羞愧。故選D?！局R(shí)拓展】1.As的倒裝句型原文最后一段:YoungasIam—justsixteen,andtherewasthisoldmanwhomusthavebeenusefullyengagedperhapsbeforethesunappearedabovethehorizon.as引導(dǎo)的倒裝句,表語提前,意思為“盡管”。例如:①Exhaustedashewas,hestillstruggledtohisfeet.雖然筋疲力盡,他依然掙扎著站起來。②Cuteasthesquirrelwas,ittoremymagazine.雖然松鼠很可愛,但是它撕毀了我的雜志。2.Itseemedthat...似乎……原文第三段:Fromthewaterontheground,itseemedthathehadalreadyfinishedwashingandcleaningaboutadozenormorecars.此句型實(shí)質(zhì)上是“主+系+表”結(jié)構(gòu)。其中it是主語,seemed為系動(dòng)詞,that引導(dǎo)表語從句。強(qiáng)調(diào)根據(jù)一定的事實(shí)所得出的一種接近實(shí)際情況的判斷。例如:Itseemsthatnooneknowswhathashappenedinthepark.似乎沒有人知道公園里發(fā)生了什么。Ⅲ.語法填空閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Beijing’snewDaxingInternationalAirportis1._________(official)openforbusiness.

It’sabsolutelymassive,2._________(cover)thesizeofapproximately140footballfields—theterminalbuilding(候機(jī)樓)aloneis700,000squaremetres.Theeye-catchingairportterminalactuallylooksalittlelikesomethingoutofasci-fifilmwith3._________(it)spider-likeshape.

Passengerscanfindtherestaurants,shopsandairportsecurityinthecentralpartoftheairport,whileeach“arm”oftheairportwilllead4._________theboardinggatesandtheeightrunways.

Theinsidepartsofit5._________(be)justasimpressiveastheairport’sunexpectedshape,withhighceilingsandswirling-type(漩渦型)architecturalfeaturesthroughout.

It6._________(estimate)thattheairportwillbehosting72millionpassengersannuall