北京市高考英語試題和答案

...wd......wd......wd...2018年高考英語試題(北京卷)

一、單項填空21.—Hi,I'mPeter.Areyounewhere?Ihaven'tseenyouaround?—Hello,Peter.I'mBob.Ijust_________onMonday.

A.start

B.havestarted

C.started

D.hadstarted

22._________wedon'tstopclimatechange,manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone.

A.AlthoughB.WhileC.IfD.Until

23._________alongtheoldSilkRoadisaninterestingandrewardingexperience.

A.Travel

B.Traveling

C.Havingtraveled

D.Traveled

24.Susanhadquitherwell-paidjoband_________asavolunteerintheneighborhoodwhenIvisitedherlastyear.

A.isworking

B.wasworking

C.hasworked

D.hadworked

25.Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_________helpsthemkeepfit.

A.which

B.who

Cas

D.that

26.DuringtheMid-AutumnFestival,familymembersoftengathertogether_________ameal,admirethemoonandenjoymooncakes.

A.share

B.toshare

C.havingshared

D.shared

27.China'shigh-speedrailways__from9,000to25,000kilometersinthepastfewyears.

A.aregrowing

B.havegrown

C.willgrow

D.hadgrown

28.Inanyunsafesituation,simply_________thebuttonandahighly-trainedagentwillgetyouthehelpyouneed.

A.press B.topressC.pressingD.pressed

29.Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho_________inthemountainsfortwodays.

A.aretrapping

B.havebeentrapped

C.weretrapping

D.hadbeentrapped

30.Ordinarysoap,_________correctly,candealwithbacteriaeffectively.

A.used

B.touse

C.using

D.use

31.Withouthissupport,wewouldn'tbe_________wearenow.

A.how

B.when

C.where

D.why

32.Intoday'sinformationage,thelossofdata_________causeseriousproblemsforacompany.

A.needB.shouldC.canD.must

33.Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey_________afewmorekilometers.

A.drove

B.woulddrive

C.weretodrive

D.haddriven

34.—Goodmorning,Mr.Lee'soffice.—Goodmorning.I'dliketomakeanappointment_________nextWednesdayafternoon.

A.for

B.on

C.in

D.at

35.Thisis_________myfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.

A.how

B.which

C.that

D.what二、完形填空TheHomelessHeroFormany,findinganunattendedwalletfilledwith￡400incashwouldbeasource〔來源〕oftemptation〔誘惑〕.Butthe

36

wouldnodoubtbegreaterifyouwerelivingonthestreetswithlittlefoodandmoney.AllofthismakestheactionsofthehomelessTomSmith

37moreremarkable.

Afterspottinga

38onthefrontseatinsideaparkedcarwithitswindowdown,hestoodguardintherainforabouttwohourswaitingforthe

39

toreturn.

Afterhoursinthecoldandwet,he

40insideandpulledthewalletouthopingtofindsomeIDsohecouldcontact〔聯(lián)系〕thedriver,onlyto

41

itcontained￡400innotes,withanother￡50insparechangebesideit.

Hethentookthewallettoanearbypolicestationafter

42anotebehindtolettheownerknowitwassafe.Whenthecar'sownerJohnAndersonandhiscolleagueCarolLawrencereturnedtothecar—whichwasitselfworth￡35,000—inGlasgowcitycentre,theywere

43

tofindtwopolicemenstandingnexttoit.ThepolicementoldthemwhatMr.Smithdidandthatthewalletwas

44

.

ThepairwerelaterabletothankMr.Smithforhis

45

.

Mr.Andersonsaid：＂Icouldn'tbelievethattheguynevertookapenny.Tothinkheissleepingonthestreetstonight

46hecouldhavestolenthemoneyandpaidforaplacetostayin.Thisguyhasnothingand

47

hedidn'ttakethewalletforhimself；hethoughtaboutothers

48.It'sunbelievable.Itjustprovesthereare

49guysoutthere.＂

Mr.Smith'sact

50muchofthepublic'sattention.HealsowonpraisefromsocialmediausersafterMr.Anderson

51abouttheactofkindnessonFacebook.

NowMr.Andersonhassetupanonlinecampaignto52

moneyforMr.Smithandotherhomelesspeopleinthearea,whichbyyesterdayhadreceived￡8,000.＂Ithinkthefaiththateveryonehasshown

53

himhastouchedhim.Peoplehavebeenapproachinghiminthestreet;he'shadjob

54andallsorts,＂Mr.Andersoncommented.

ForMr.Smith,thisisapossiblelife-changing

55.Thestoryonceagaintellsusthatonegoodturndeservesanother.

36.A.hope

B.aim

C.urgeD.effort

37.A.still

B.even

C.ever

D.once

38.A.wallet

B.bag

C.box

D.parcel

39.A.partner

B.colleague

C.owner

D.policeman

40.A.turned

B.hid

C.stepped

D.reached

41.A.discover

B.collect

C.check

D.believe

42.A.taking

B.leaving

C.reading

D.writing

43.A.satisfied

B.excited

C.amused

D.shocked

44.A.safe

B.missing

C.found

D.seen

45.A.service

B.support

C.kindness

D.encouragement

46.A.when

B.if

C.where

D.because

47.A.rather

B.yetC.already

D.just

48.A.tooB.though

C.again

D.instead

49.A.honest

B.polite

C.rich

D.generous

50.A.gave

B.paid

C.cast

D.drew

51.A.learned

B.posted

C.cared

D.heard

52.A.borrow

B.raise

C.save

D.earn

53.A.of

B.at

C.for

D.in

54.A.details

B.changes

C.offers

D.applications

55.A.lesson

B.adventure

C.chance

D.challenge

三、閱讀理解

AMyFirstMarathon〔馬拉松〕

Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon,oneofmyankleswasinjuredandthismeantnotrunningfortwoweeks,leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain.Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead.

Irememberbacktomy7thyearinschool.InmyfirstP.E.class,theteacherrequiredustorunlapsandthenhitasoftball.Ididn'tdoeitherwell.HelaterinformedmethatIwas＂notathletic＂.

TheideathatIwas＂notathletic＂stuckwithmeforyears.WhenIstartedrunninginmy30s,Irealizedrunningwasabattleagainstmyself,notaboutcompetitionorwhetherornotIwasathletic.Itwasallaboutthebattleagainstmyownbodyandmind.Atestofwills!

Thenightbeforemymarathon,IdreamtthatIcouldn'tevenfindthefinishline.Iwokeupsweatingandnervous,butreadytoprovesomethingtomyself.

Shortlyaftercrossingthestartline,myshoelaces(鞋帶)becameuntied.SoIstoppedtoreadjust.NotthestartIwanted!

Atmile3,Ipassedasign:＂GOFORIT,RUNNERS!＂

Bymile17,Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.Despitethepain,Istayedthecoursewalkingabitandthenrunningagain.

Bymile21,Iwasstarving!

AsIapproachedmile23,Icouldseemywifewavingasign.Sheismybiggestfan.Shenevermindedthealarmclocksoundingat4a.m.orquestionedmyexpensesonrunning.

Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!AndIgotamedal.Infact,Igotthesamemedalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplacehad.

Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameandworldlylabels(世俗標簽),Icannowcallmyselfa＂marathonwinner＂.

〔56〕Amonthbeforethemarathon,theauthor____________.

A.waswelltrained

B.feltscared

C.madeuphismindtorun

D.losthope

〔57〕WhydidtheauthormentiontheP.E.classinhis7thyear?

A.Toacknowledgethesupportofhisteacher.

B.Toamusethereaderswithafunnystory.

C.Toshowhewasnottalentedinsports.

D.Toshareapreciousmemory.

〔58〕Howwastheauthor'sfirstmarathon?

A.Hemadeit.

B.Hequithalfway.

C.Hegotthefirstprize.

D.Hewalkedtotheend.

〔59〕Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus?

A.Amanoweshissuccesstohisfamilysupport.

B.Awinnerisonewithagreateffortofwill.

C.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.

D.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.BFindYourAdventureattheSpaceandAviation(航空)Center

Ifyou'relookingforauniqueadventure,theSpaceandAviationCenter(SAC)istheplacetobe.TheCenteroffersprogramsdesignedtochallengeandinspirewithhands-ontasksandlotsoffun.

Morethan750,000havegraduatedfromSAC,withmanyseekingemploymentinengineering,aviation,education,medicineandawidevarietyofotherprofessions.Theycometocamp,wantingtoknowwhatitisliketobeanastronautorapilot,andtheyleavewithreal-worldapplicationsforwhatthey'restudyingintheclassroom.

Forthetrainees,theprogramsalsoofferagreatwaytoearnmeritbadges(榮譽徽章).AtSpaceCamp,traineescanearntheirSpaceExplorationbadgeastheybuildandfiremodelrockets,learnaboutspacetasksandtrysimulated(模擬)flyingtospacewiththecrewfromallovertheworld.TheAviationChallengeprogramgivestraineesthechancetoearntheirAviationbadge.Theylearntheprinciplesofflightandtesttheiroperatingskillsinthecockpit(駕駛艙)ofavarietyofflightsimulators.TraineesalsogetagoodstartontheirWildernessSurvivalbadgeastheylearnaboutwater-andland-survivalthroughdesignedtasksandtheirsearchandrescueof＂downed＂pilot.

Withalltheprograms,teamworkiskeyastraineeslearntheimportanceofleadershipandbeingpartofabiggertask.

Allthisfunisavailableforages9to18.Familiescanenjoytheexperiencetogether,too,withFamilyCampprogramsforfamilieswithchildrenasyoungas7.

Stayanhourorstayaweek—thereissomethinghereforeveryone!

Formoredetails,pleasevisitusonlineatoursac.

〔60〕WhydopeoplecometoSAC?

A.Toexperienceadventures.

B.Tolookforjobsinaviation.

C.Togetadegreeinengineering.

D.Tolearnmoreaboutmedicine.

〔61〕ToearnaSpaceExplorationbadge,atraineeneedsto

.

A.flytospace

B.getanAviationbadgefirst

C.studytheprinciplesofflight

D.buildandfiremodelrockets

〔62〕Whatisthemostimportantfortrainees?

A.Leadership.

B.Teamspirit.

C.Taskplanning.

D.Survivalskills.CPlastic-EatingWorms

Humansproducemorethan300milliontonsofplasticeveryyear.Almosthalfofthatwindsupinlandfills(垃圾填埋場),andupto12milliontonspollutetheoceans.Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit,butanewstudysuggestsananswermaylieinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.

ResearchersinSpainandEnglandrecentlyfoundthatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmothcanbreakdownpolyethylene,whichaccountsfor40%ofplastics.Theteamleft100waxwormsonacommercialpolyethyleneshoppingbagfor12hours,andthewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams,oralmost3%ofit.Toconfirmthattheworms'chewingalonewasnotresponsibleforthepolyethylenebreakdown,theresearchersmadesomewormsintopaste(糊狀物)andappliedittoplasticfilms.14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmass—apparentlybrokendownbyenzymes(酶)fromtheworms'stomachs.TheirfindingswerepublishedinCurrentBiologyin2017.

FedericaBertocchini,co-authorofthestudy,saystheworms'abilitytobreakdowntheireverydayfood—beeswax—alsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic.＂Waxisacomplexmixture,butthebasicbondinpolyethylene,thecarbon-carbonbond,isthereaswell,＂sheexplains,＂Thewaxwormevolvedamethodorsystemtobreakthisbond.＂

JenniferDeBruyn,amicrobiologistattheUniversityofTennessee,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saysitisnotsurprisingthatsuchwormscanbreakdownpolyethylene.Butcomparedwithpreviousstudies,shefindsthespeedofbreakingdowninthisoneexciting.Thenextstep,DeBruynsays,willbetoidentifythecauseofthebreakdown.Isitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(腸道微生物)?

Bertocchiniagreesandhopesherteam'sfindingsmightonedayhelpemploytheenzymetobreakdownplasticsinlandfills.Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply＂millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.＂

〔63〕Whatcanwelearnaboutthewormsinthestudy?

A.Theytakeplasticsastheireverydayfood.

B.Theyarenewlyevolvedcreatures.

C.Theycanconsumeplastics.

D.Theywindupinlandfills.

〔64〕AccordingtoJenniferDeBruyn,thenextstepofthestudyisto

.

A.identifyothermeansofthebreakdown

B.findoutthesourceoftheenzyme

C.confirmtheresearchfindings

D.increasethebreakdownspeed

〔65〕Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatthechemicalmight

.

A.helptoraiseworms

B.helpmakeplasticbags

C.beusedtocleantheoceans

D.beproducedinfactoriesinfuture

〔66〕Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Toexplainastudymethodonworms.

B.Tointroducethedietofaspecialworm.C.Topresentawaytobreakdownplastics.

D.Toproposenewmeanstokeepeco-balance.DPreparingCitiesforRobotCarsThepossibilityofself-drivingrobotcarshasoftenseemedlikeafuturist'sdream,yearsawayfrommaterializingintherealworld.Well,thefutureisapparentlynow.TheCaliforniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesbegangivingpermitsinAprilforcompaniestotesttrulyself-drivingcarsonpublicroads.Thestatealsoclearedthewayforcompaniestosellorrentoutself-drivingcars,andforcompaniestooperatedriverlesstaxiservices.California,itshouldbenoted,isn'tleadingthewayhere.Companieshavebeentestingtheirvehiclesincitiesacrossthecountry.It'shardtopredictwhendriverlesscarswillbeeverywhereonourroads.Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities,forbetterorforworse,dependingonhowthetransformationisregulated.

Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverlesscars(andrightfullyso),policymakersalsoshouldbetalkingabouthowself-drivingvehiclescanhelpreducetrafficjams,cutemissions(排放)andoffermoreconvenient,affordablemobilityoptions.Thearrivalofdriverlessvehiclesisachancetomakesurethatthosevehiclesareenvironmentallyfriendlyandmoreshared.

Dowewanttocopy—orevenworsen—thetrafficoftodaywithdriverlesscars?Imagineafuturewheremostadultsownindividualself-drivingvehicles.Theytoleratelong,slowjourneystoandfromworkonpackedhighwaysbecausetheycanwork,entertainthemselvesorsleepontheride,whichencouragesurbanspread.Theytaketheirdriverlesscartoanappointmentandsettheemptyvehicletocirclethebuildingtoavoidpayingforparking.Insteadofwalkingafewblockstopickupachildorthedrycleaning,theysendtheself-drivingminibus.Theconvenienceevenleadsfewerpeopletotakepublictransport—anunwelcomesideeffectresearchershavealreadyfoundinride-hailing(叫車)services.

AstudyfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavissuggestedthatreplacingpetrol-poweredprivatecarsworldwidewithelectric,self-drivingandsharedsystemscouldreducecarbonemissionsfromtransportation80%andcutthecostoftransportationinfrastructure(根基設(shè)施)andoperations40%by2050.Feweremissionsandcheapertravelsoundprettyappealing.Thefirstcommerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainlybefieldedbyride-hailingservices,consideringthecostofself-drivingtechnologyaswellasliabilityandmaintenanceissues(責任與維護問題).Butdriverlesscarownershipcouldincreaseasthepricesdropandmorepeoplebecomecomfortablewiththetechnology.

Policymakersshouldstartthinkingnowabouthowtomakesuretheappearanceofdriverlessvehiclesdoesn'textendtheworstaspectsofthecar-controlledtransportationsystemwehavetoday.Thecomingtechnologicaladvancementpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatestodeveloptransportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.

〔67〕Accordingtotheauthor,attentionshouldbepaidtohowdriverlesscarscan__________.

A.helpdealwithtransportation-relatedproblems

B.providebetterservicestocustomers

C.causedamagetoourenvironment

D.makesomepeoplelosejobs

〔68〕Asfordriverlesscars,whatistheauthor'smajorconcern?

A.Safety.

B.Sideeffects.

C.Affordability.

D.Management.

〔69〕Whatdoestheunderlinedword＂fielded＂inParagraph4probablymean?

A.Employed.

B.Replaced.

C.Shared.

D.Reduced.

〔70〕Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothefutureofself-drivingcars?

A.Doubtful.

B.Positive.

C.Disapproving.

D.Sympathetic.

四、任務型閱讀WhyDoWeGetAngry?

Angerseemssimplewhenwearefeelingit,butthecausesofangerarevarious.Knowingthesecausescanmakeusexamineourbehavior,andcorrectbadhabits.Themainreasonswegetangryaretriggering〔觸發(fā)〕events,personalitytraits〔特征〕,andourassessmentofsituations.___71_____

Triggeringeventsforangeraresomanythattodescribethemallwouldtakehundredsofpages.However,herearesomeexamples:beingcutoffintraffic,adeadlineapproaching,experiencingphysicalpain,andmuchmore.____72____Thereasonwhysomeoneistriggeredbysomethingandothersarenotisoftenduetoone'spersonalhistoryandpsychologicaltraits.

Eachperson,nomatterwhotheyare,haspsychologicalimbalances.Peoplewhohavepersonalitytraitsthatconnectwithcompetitivenessandlowupsettolerancearemuchmorelikelytogetangry.___73_____Also,sometimespre-angerdoesnothavetodowithalastingcondition,butratheratemporarystatebeforeatriggeringeventhasoccurred.

____74____Sometimesevenroutineoccurrencesbecomesourcesofpre-anger,orangeritself.Sometimesignoranceandnegative(消極的)outlooksonsituationscancreateanger.

____75____However,angercaneasilyturnviolent,anditisbesttoknowthereasonsforangertoappearinordertopreventitspresence.Withthesemainreasonsinmind,wecanevaluateourlevelofangerthroughoutthedayandpreventcasesofoutburstsbycomprehendingthereasonsforourfeelings.

A.Ourattitudeandviewpointonsituationscancreateangerwithinusaswell.

B.Butsometypesofsituationscanhelpustogetridoftheoccurrenceofanger.

C.Angerisrarelylookeduponasabeneficialcharactertrait,andisusuallyadvisedtoreduceit.

D.Angerisaparticularlystrongfeelingandmaybepeoplethinkthattheyhavereasonstofeelangry.

E.Havingthesepersonalitytraitsimpliesthepre-angerstate,whereangerisinthebackgroundofyourmind.

F.Understandingthesereasonswillcontrolourownangerifwearewillingtoevaluateourselveswithacriticaleye.

G.Noteveryoneactsthesameinresponsetoevents,andthatiswhywhattriggersonepersonmayormaynottriggeranother.

五、書面表達(一)假設(shè)你是紅星中學高三學生李華，你的英國朋友Jim在給你的郵件中提到他對中國文化感興趣，方案明年來北京上大學。他向你咨詢相關(guān)信息。請給他回郵件，內(nèi)容包括：

1〕表示歡迎；

2〕推薦他上哪所大學；

3〕建議他做哪些準備工作。

注意：1〕詞數(shù)不少于50；

2〕開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。

DearJim,

________

Yours,

LiHua

〔二〕假設(shè)你是紅星中學高三學生李華，請根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，寫一篇英文周記，記述你們上周接待外國學生，帶著他們體驗中國茶文化的全過程。

注意：詞數(shù)不少于60。

答案及解析一、單項填空

21.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意：——嗨，我是皮特。你是新來的嗎我之前沒見過你?！耍ぬ?。我是鮑勃。我周一剛來。通過理解句意，根據(jù)語境判斷句中的時間狀語onMonday是一個過去的時間，所以此處用一般過去時，故答案為C。

【點評】考察動詞的時態(tài)，理解語境，弄清時間狀語即可確定答案。

22.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意：如果我們不阻止氣候變化，世界上的許多動植物會消失。although雖然；while雖然；然而；if如果；until直到。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示假設(shè)，所以用if引導條件狀語從句，故答案為C。

【點評】考察引導狀語從句的連詞辨析。通讀句子，弄清前后句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，將連詞代入句中，符合邏輯的即為正確答案。

23.【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：沿著古絲綢之路旅行是一個有趣且很值得的經(jīng)歷。此處是句子的主語，所以動動名詞travelling。動詞原形、過去式和分詞都不能作主語，故答案為B。

【點評】考察非謂語動詞，注意能在句中作主語的只有動名詞或不定式，動詞的其他形式不能充當主語。

24.【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：Susan已經(jīng)辭去那份報酬豐厚的工作，去年我去看她的時候她正在社區(qū)當志愿者。句中的whenIvisitedherlastyear確定了過去的某一時間點，所以此處表示當時動作正在進展，所以用過去進展時。故答案為B。

【點評】考察動詞的時態(tài)，注意尋找時間線索，根據(jù)語境中的暗示確定答案。

25.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：她和家人騎車去上班，這幫助他們保持安康。這是一個非限制性定語從句，空格處指代前面整個句子，所以用which引導非限制性定語從句，而且which在從句中作主語。who指人；that不引導定語從句；as通常翻譯成“正如；就像〞，所以此處可以排除，故答案為A。

【點評】考察引導定語從句的關(guān)系詞，掌握定語從句的根本定義和關(guān)系詞的根本用法即可判斷正確答案。

26.【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：在中秋節(jié)期間，家庭成員經(jīng)常聚在一起共享大餐、賞月、吃月餅。此處表示目的，所以用動詞不定式，故答案為B。

【點評】考察動詞不定式在句中表示目的的用法。

27.【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：中國的高鐵在過去的今年中從9000千米增加到25000千米。inthepast/last+時間，是現(xiàn)在完成時的標志，故答案為B。

【點評】考察現(xiàn)在完成時，牢記現(xiàn)在完成時的標志詞：since；for+時間段；already；ever；never；sofar；inthepast/last+時間。

28.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：在任何不安全的環(huán)境中，只按一下按鈕，一個訓練有素的工作人員就會帶給你所需要的幫助。句型：祈使句+and/or+表將來的陳述句。所以此處是祈使句局部，所以用動詞原形，故答案為A。

【點評】考察并列句的固定句型，牢記根本構(gòu)造即可。

29.【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意：一個救援者冒著生命不安全拯救了兩個在山里被困了兩天的游客。通過risked確定本句是過去的時態(tài)；for+時間段是完成時的標志，所以此處用過去完成時；而trap是及物動詞，意思是“使受限制；困住〞，此處應該用被動構(gòu)造，故答案為D。

【點評】考察動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。注意通過時態(tài)的前后一致確定大致的時態(tài)，然后根據(jù)相關(guān)的時間狀語和語境判斷具體的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。

30.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：普通肥皂，正確使用的話，可以有效地殺滅細菌。此處是句子的狀語，所以用非謂語動詞，其邏輯主語是soap，soap與use之間是被動關(guān)系，故答案為A。

【點評】考察分詞作狀語的用法。分詞作狀語時其邏輯主語是句子的主語，根據(jù)動詞與邏輯主語之間的關(guān)系判斷其形式。

31.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意：沒有他的支持，我們不能到達現(xiàn)在的地步。此處是表語從句，how假設(shè)何；假設(shè)何；when何時；where……的地方；何地；why為什么；根據(jù)句意可知指現(xiàn)在的處境，故答案為C。

【點評】考察名詞性從句的引導詞，理解句意，根據(jù)語境判斷，注意句子的邏輯。

32.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意：在當今的信息時代，數(shù)據(jù)的喪失對于一家公司來說有時候會造成嚴重的問題。need需要；should應該；can可能；能夠；must必須；一定。本句是對現(xiàn)在情況進展可能的推測，can用于肯定句中表示：“有時候會〞；而must意思是“一定會〞，根據(jù)常識可知喪失數(shù)據(jù)可能會造成嚴重的問題，也可能不會造成嚴重問題，所以用can在邏輯上更嚴謹，故答案為C。

【點評】考察情態(tài)動詞表示推測的用法。can用于肯定句表示“有時候會〞這一用法比照生僻，需要特別注意。

33.【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意：要是他們開車多走幾公里的話，他們也許會找到一家更好的旅館。本句是虛擬語氣，表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè)，主句用“mighthave+過去分詞〞，從句要用過去完成時，故答案為D。

【點評】考察虛擬語氣在if條件句中的用法，牢記if條件句中虛擬語氣的根本格式即可做出判斷。

34.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：早上好，這是李先生的辦公室。早上好，我想約下周三下午。短語：makeanappointmentfor為……預約。故答案為A。

【點評】考察介詞辨析，熟記固定搭配。

35.【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意：這是我爸爸所教給我的——要直面困難心懷希望。這是表語從句，根據(jù)teachsbsth可知從句中缺少直接賓語，所以用what引導。how假設(shè)何；which哪一個；that無意義也補充當從句的成分，故答案為D。

【點評】考察表語從句中的引導詞的用法，掌握名詞性從句連詞的根本使用規(guī)則：連接詞that不作成分；連接代詞如what在從句中作主語或賓語；連接副詞像when、where、how在從句中作狀語。

二、完形填空〔36〕C；〔37〕B；〔38〕A；〔39〕C；〔40〕D；〔41〕A；〔42〕B；〔43〕D；〔44〕A；〔45〕C；〔46〕A；〔47〕B；〔48〕D；〔49〕A；〔50〕D；〔51〕B；〔52〕B；〔53〕D；〔54〕C；〔55〕C；

【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文，講述了流浪漢拾金不昧的故事。某雨天，流浪漢看到一輛未關(guān)車窗的車內(nèi)放有人民幣包，怕人民幣包被盜，在雨中等待車主兩小時?？嗟葻o果，便拿著人民幣包去警局尋失主。車主獲知事件經(jīng)過，將經(jīng)歷分享到臉譜網(wǎng)上，為該地區(qū)流浪漢籌人民幣，最后流浪漢得到了許多工作時機。

(36)

C句意：對很多人而言，找到一個裝滿400英鎊現(xiàn)金且無人看管的人民幣包都會是種誘惑。而這種欲望對于無家可歸、既沒食物又沒人民幣的人而言，無疑會更加強烈。A、hope希望；B、aim目標；C、urge強烈的欲望；D、effort努力。有空格前的the可知此處前文提到的temptation〔誘惑〕，所以此處選擇其近義詞urge〔強烈的欲望〕，故答案為C。

(37)

B句意：這一切使得無家可歸的TomSmith的舉動更為不同尋常，引人注目。A、still仍然；

B、even甚至；C、ever曾經(jīng)；D、once曾經(jīng)；此處修飾比照級，表示強調(diào)，故答案為B。

(38)

A句意：在發(fā)現(xiàn)了在一個沒有關(guān)窗子的停著的汽車的前排座位上的人民幣包后，他站在雨中差不多兩個小時守護著人民幣包等著主人歸來。A、wallet人民幣包；B、bag包；C、box盒子；D、parcel包裹。根據(jù)第一句提到的anunattendedwalletfilledwith￡400incash可知是人民幣包，故答案為A。

(39)

C句意：他站在雨中差不多兩個小時守護著人民幣包等著主人歸來。A、partner伙伴；B、colleague同事；C、owner主人；D、policeman警察；守護著人民幣包，當然是等它的“owner〞，故答案為C。

〔40)

D句意：在寒冷的雨中幾個小時后，他把手伸進車里拿出人民幣包，希望能找到身份證，這樣他就可以聯(lián)系司機了。A、turned轉(zhuǎn)身；B、hid躲藏；C、stepped邁步；D、reached伸手。人民幣包在車的前排座位上，想要拿到當然需要“伸手〞，故答案為D。

(41)

A句意：卻發(fā)現(xiàn)里面有400英鎊的鈔票，旁邊還有50英鎊的零人民幣。A、discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；B、collect收集；C、check檢查；核對；D、believe相信。翻開人民幣包，“發(fā)現(xiàn)〞里面有人民幣，故答案為A。

(42)

B句意：然后，他在留下一張便條告訴車主人民幣包安全，便帶著人民幣包去了附近的警察局。A、taking帶走；B、leaving留下；C、reading讀；D、writing寫。短語：leaveanote/message留便條，故答案為B。

(43)

D句意：當車主和同事回到位于格拉斯哥市中心價值35000英鎊的汽車停放的位置時，他們驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)有兩個警察站在車的旁邊。A、satisfied滿意的；B、excited興奮的；C、amused好笑的；D、shocked震驚的。沒有違法卻招來了警察，所以感到“震驚〞，故答案為D。

(44)

A句意：警察告訴他們史密斯先生的所作所為，還有他的人民幣包是安全的。A、safe安全的；B、missing喪失的；C、found被發(fā)現(xiàn)的；D、seen被看見的。故答案為A。

(45)C句意：后來這兩個人能夠感謝史密斯先生的善意之舉。A、service服務；B、support支持；C、kindness善行；D、encouragement鼓勵；此處指前面提到幫助保護人民幣包的行為，故答案為C。

(46)A句意：既然到他本可以偷了人民幣并且花人民幣讓自己找一個地方住一晚，但是他今晚還是住在大街上。A、when考慮到；既然；B、if

如果；C、where哪里；D、because因為；此處是對史密斯拾金不昧的行為的評價，根據(jù)句意，故答案為A。

(47)B句意：這個男的身無分文，然而他還是沒有自己拿走人民幣包。A、rather相當；B、yet然而；C、already已經(jīng)；D、just只是；表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故答案為B。

(48)D句意：他〔沒有自己拿走人民幣包〕而是想到了別人。A、too也；B、though不過；然而；C、again又；D、instead代替；而不是。根據(jù)句意，故答案為D。

(49)A句意：這是難以置信的，只是證明了有老實的人。A、honest老實的；B、polite有禮貌的；C、rich富有的；D、generous大方的。這是對史密斯先生的行為的總結(jié)，故答案為A。

(50)D句意：史密斯先生的行為吸引了公眾大量關(guān)注。A、gave給；B、paid支付；C、cast投擲；D、drew吸引。短語：drawone'sattention吸引人的注意，故答案為D。

(51)B句意：在安德森先生把這一善意之舉發(fā)布在臉譜網(wǎng)上之后，他也贏得了社交媒體用戶的贊譽。A、learned了解到；B、posted張貼；C、cared關(guān)心；D、heard聽見。此處指在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布帖子，故答案為B。

(52)B句意：現(xiàn)在安德森先生在網(wǎng)上發(fā)起了一個活動，為史密斯先生和這一地區(qū)其他無家可歸的人募捐。A、borrow借；B、raise募集；C、save節(jié)?。籇、earn掙；賺。根據(jù)下文可知是“募捐〞，故答案為B。

(53)D句意：我想每個人對他表現(xiàn)出的信任已經(jīng)感動了他。show/havefaithin對……信任；故答案為D。

(54)C句意：在街上人們主動接近他，給他提供工作等各種幫助。A、details細節(jié)；B、changes變化；C、offers提供；D、applications申請；根據(jù)上文提到的人們的募捐，所以此處指人們“主動提供幫助〞，故答案為C。

(55)C句意：對于史密斯先生而言，這是一個改變?nèi)松臅r機。A、lesson教訓；B、adventure探險；C、chance時機；D、challenge挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)句意，故答案為C。

【點評】這是一篇記敘文，考察詞匯在篇章中的運用能力，答題時首先要讀懂全文，弄清文章要表達的思想，注意文中前后段落之間的關(guān)系。答題中，一定要認真分析，注意選項與上下文的關(guān)系，與前后單詞的關(guān)系。對于一時沒有太大的把握的題可以放到最后再來完成，因為有時答案可以從下文內(nèi)容表達出來。答完后再通讀一篇文章，看看所選選項能不能是語句通順，語意連貫。

三、閱讀理解A〔56〕C

〔57〕C

〔58〕A

〔59〕B

【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文，作者在參加馬拉松前一個月受了傷，訓練時間缺乏，且在初一時就被體育教師說沒有運動天賦，但是30多歲的他依然堅持跑完馬拉松，突破自我，挑戰(zhàn)不可能。

56細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)題干中的amonthbeforethemarathon可知答案在第一段，由最后一句Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead可知作者決定參加比賽，故答案為C。

57細節(jié)理解。將題干中的P.E.classinhis7thyear定位在第二段，作者自己在7年紀的時候做得不是很好，后來被教師認為不是一個擅長運動的人，并且第三段提到教師的notathletic一直影響著他，故答案為C。

58細節(jié)理解。從文章倒數(shù)第二段Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!AndIgotamedal可知作者堅持到最后，終于做到了，故答案為A。

59主旨大意。這是一篇記敘文，在最后一段點題：Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameandworldlylabels(世俗標簽),Icannowcallmyselfa＂marathonwinner＂可知，作者是一個意志堅決，通過不懈努力，最終獲得了成功的勝利者，故答案為B。

【點評】本文屬于勵志的故事類閱讀，閱讀時要通讀文章，弄清文章的主旨大意。答題時注意問題中的關(guān)鍵詞在文章中的準確定位，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位并查找信息，切忌憑感覺做題。

60A

61D

62B

【解析】【分析】這是一篇廣告，介紹一個尋求冒險的樂園——SpaceandAviationCenter(SAC)。

60細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一句Ifyou'relookingforauniqueadventure,theSpaceandAviationCenter(SAC)istheplacetobe可在SAC的目的是為了體驗冒險的經(jīng)歷，故答案為A。

61細節(jié)理解。題干中的SpaceExplorationbadge和trainee定位在第三段第二句AtSpaceCamp,traineescanearntheirSpaceExplorationbadgeastheybuildandfiremodelrockets，故答案為D。

62細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段Withalltheprograms,teamworkiskeyastraineeslearntheimportanceofleadershipandbeingpartofabiggertask可知，對于受訓者來說，團隊精神與協(xié)作是最為重要的，故答案為B。

【點評】本文屬于應用文閱讀，此類文章重在考察對細節(jié)信息的查找和分析，答題時注意根據(jù)問題中的關(guān)鍵詞在文章中定位，然后分析關(guān)鍵詞所在句子的信息，與選項進展比對，答案就顯而易見了。

63C

64B

65D

66C

【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文，介紹吃塑料的蟲子的工作原理及應用設(shè)想。

63細節(jié)理解。將題干中的wormsinthestudy定位在第二段第二句，thewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams可知這些蟲子吃塑料，故答案為C。

64細節(jié)理解。將題干中的關(guān)鍵詞JenniferDeBruyn定位在第四段，找到thenextstep出現(xiàn)在倒數(shù)第二句Thenextstep,DeBruynsays,willb