Unit3-Food-and-Culture【單元測(cè)試】(解析版)(適合新高考卷區(qū))

Unit3FoodandCulture單元測(cè)試卷第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWhenitcomestomaterialstodogoodtoourbody,itmustbementionedthatthereareallsortsoffoodstoeveryone'staste.Somefoodsareknowntohaveacompletelyruinedeffectonyourbrainfunction,andnutritionistsadviseusnottoconsumethemtoomuchinordertolimittheirnegativeimpacts.Herearethetopfivefoodsthatkillyourintelligence.1.SugarSugarandsugaryproductsarebadnotonlyforyourwaistline,butforyourbrainfunctionaswell.Long-termconsumptionofsugarcancreatealotofneurological(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的)problems,anditcanalsodoharmtoyourmemory.Ontheotherhand,sugarcanalsobringdamagetoyourabilitytolearn.Soavoidtheproducts.2.AlcoholAlcoholisknowntoharmyourliver(肝)inthelongrun,anditalsocauseswhatisknownas"brainfog",afeelingofmentalconfusion.Itactslikeacloudthatimpactsyourabilitytothinkclearly,aswellasyourmemory.Haveyouevernoticedthatyoucannotremembercommonitems'names?Thismightbeinfluencedbyhighalcoholintake,whichimpactsthebalanceofthebrain.3.JunkFoodArecentstudyhasrevealedthatjunkfoodcanchangethechemicalsinthebrain,thusleadingtosymptomsassociatedwithdepressionandanxiety.Besides,foodsthatarehighinfatcanalsoproducesomesymptomsthataresimilartothesignsof"miss"whenyoustopconsumingthem.Thesefoodsaffecttheproductionofdopamine(多巴胺),animportantchemicalthatpromoteshappinessandanoverallfeelingofwell-being.4.VerySaltyFoodsEverybodyknowsthatsaltyfoodsaffectyourbloodpressureandtheyareveryhardonyourheart.However,asresearchsuggests,foodsthatcontainhighamountsofsaltcanaffectyourlearningfunctionandmakeyourabilitytothinkimperfect.Otherwisestated,saltyfoodsaffectyourintelligence!Asamatteroffact,theconsumptionofsaltyfoodshasbeenshowntohavethesameeffectastakingdrugs,asitcancauseuncomfortablesymptomsandhungerforsaltyfoods.5.FoodswithProcessedProteins(蛋白質(zhì))Meatistherichestsourceofhigh-qualityprotein,butavoidoverlyprocessedproteinssuchashotdogs,sausagesandsoon.Unlikethenaturalproteinsthathelpyourbodyprotectthenervoussystem,processedproteinsdoexactlytheopposite.Betterchoosenaturalproducts,suchasfish,dairyproducts,andseedsasthesearenatural,high-qualityproteinsources.1.Whichgroupoffoodsmayaffectyourmemory?A.Sugarandalcohol.B.Sugarandjunkfood.C.Alcoholandjunkfood.D.Sugarandverysaltyfoods.2.Ifyouwanttopromotehappiness,whichofthefollowingshouldyoustopeating?A.Sugar.B.Foodswithprocessedproteins.C.Alcohol.D.Junkfood.3.Comparedtotheoverlyprocessedproteins,whichofthefollowingisanadvantageofthenaturalproteins?A.Theprotectionofthenervoussystem.B.Theincreaseofdopamine.C.Theprotectionofyourintelligence.D.Theincreaseofhappiness.【答案】ADA【解析】這是一篇說明文，主要介紹了最損害大腦功能的五種食物。1．A考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。從“Sugar”這一段中的“itcanalsodoharmtoyourmemory”和“Alcohol”這一段中的“thatimpactsyourabilitytothinkclearly,aswellasyourmemory”可知，糖和酒精對(duì)記憶力有影響。2．D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)“JunkFood”這段可知：多巴胺是一種能夠提升幸福感的重要化學(xué)物質(zhì)，而垃圾食品會(huì)影響多巴胺的產(chǎn)生。所以，你如果想提升幸福感就應(yīng)停止食用垃圾食品。3．A考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。從最后一段第二句可知：天然蛋白質(zhì)與過度加工出來的蛋白質(zhì)相比，最大的一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于天然蛋白質(zhì)可以保護(hù)神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)。故選A。BDifferentcontextsaffectfoodproduction,processing,trade,marketingandconsumption.Asaresultofthis,thefoodavailability,accessibility,andaffordability—aswellasconsumers’dietarybehaviourandnutritionalstatus—vary.OnepossiblepictureispresentedheretoprovideanideaonhowCOVID-19mightimpacttheglobalfoodsystem.Consumerdemandplaysacrucialroleinfoodproductionandtheirdemandsdependonpurchasingpowerandpreference.Becauseofthelockdown,thereisnoworkformanypeople.Asaresult,theydonothaveenoughmoneytobuyadequatefoodfortheirfamilies.Theclosureofrestaurants,schoolmealsandtourismbusinessesmayreducethedemandforfreshfood.Peoplebuyfrozen.driedandcannedfoodwithlongershelflife.Energy-dense,lessnutritiousfoodsareoftenmoreaffordablethanfreshandnutritiousone.AccordingtotheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,COVID-19isnotlikelytobetransmittedthroughfood.However,workerscangetinfectedbyeachotheriftheydonotmaintainsocialdistanceproperly.Shortageoflaborcannotonlyhamperfoodproduction,butalsotheprocessingoffood.Aroundtheworld,millionsofpeopledependoninternationaltradeeitherforthen-livelihoodorfoodsecurity.Thevirusoutbreakmightslowdownglobaltradeandmarketingoffood.Asaresult,countriesdependingonimportedfoodcanfacedifficulties.Theclosureofportsandothersupplyrestrictionswillhamperfoodsupply.Thepriceoftransferringfoodwithinandoutsideofthecountrymaygetmoreexpensive.Itmeansimportmaygetmoreexpensiveandexportmaybringlessmoney.Ontheotherhand,therestrictionintransportandsupplycanbethecauseoffoodlossparticularlyforfreshfruitsandvegetables.Companiesmayfacedifficultiestoimporttheingredientsfordifferentproductswhichmaydisturbtheproduction.4.Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.whythefoodsystemiseasilyaffectedbyCOVID-19B.howtheworldmaybeaffectedbyCOVID-19outbreakC.whateffectCOVID-19mayhaveonthefoodsystemD.whatcontextsaffectfoodproduction5.Howisconsumers’dietarybehaviorchangingnow?A.Theyareeatingmorefreshfood.B.Energy-densefoodisnotpopularwiththem.C.Theybuymorelessnutritiousfood.D.Abalanceddietprovidesadequatenutritionforthem.6.Paragraph3isrelatedtofood________.A.gathering B.trade C.market D.processing7.Whichofthefollowingleadstotheshortageoffreshfood?A.Growingconcernforfoodsecurity.B.Inadequateingredients.C.Increasedprocessedfood.D.Limitedtransportandsupply.【答案】CCDD【解析】本文是說明文。不同的環(huán)境影響食品生產(chǎn)、加工、貿(mào)易、營(yíng)銷和消費(fèi)。因此，食物的可獲得性、可承受性以及消費(fèi)者的膳食與營(yíng)養(yǎng)狀況不同。本文講述了新冠病毒對(duì)食物體系的影響。4.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“OnepossiblepictureispresentedheretoprovideanideaonhowCOVID-19mightimpacttheglobalfoodsystem.”（這里提供一幅可能的圖景，以說明新型冠狀病毒可能如何影響全球糧食系統(tǒng)）可知，本文主要講述了新冠病毒對(duì)食物體系有什么影響。故選C。5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Peoplebuyfrozen,driedandcannedfoodwithlongershelflife.Energy-dense,lessnutritiousfoodsareoftenmoreaffordablethanfreshandnutritiousone.”（人們購(gòu)買冷凍,保質(zhì)期較長(zhǎng)的干燥和罐裝食品。高能量、低營(yíng)養(yǎng)的食物往往比新鮮、有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的食物更便宜）可知，在新冠病毒爆發(fā)時(shí)，消費(fèi)者的膳食與營(yíng)養(yǎng)狀況正在改變，人們會(huì)買更多缺少營(yíng)養(yǎng)的食物。故選C。6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“However,workerscangetinfectedbyeachotheriftheydonotmaintainsocialdistanceproperly.Shortageoflaborcannotonlyhamperfoodproduction,butalsotheprocessingoffood.”（但是，如果不適當(dāng)?shù)乇３稚鐣?huì)距離，員工之間也會(huì)感染。勞動(dòng)力短缺不僅影響食品生產(chǎn)，還影響食品加工）可知，第三段和食物加工有關(guān)。故選D。7.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ontheotherhand,therestrictionintransportandsupplycanbethecauseoffoodlossparticularlyforfreshfruitsandvegetables.”（另一方面，運(yùn)輸和供應(yīng)方面的限制可能是糧食損失的原因，特別是新鮮水果和蔬菜）可知，有限的運(yùn)輸和供應(yīng)造成新鮮食物的短缺。故選D。CScientistshavefoundthateatingdarkchocolateappearstolowertheriskofdepressionbyfourfold.While7.6percentofthe13,000peoplesurveyedreporteddepressivesymptoms,just1.5percentofthechocolateeatersdid.Thestudyalsofoundthatthepeoplewhoconsumedthemostofanychocolatewerealso57percentlesslikelytoreportdepressivesymptoms.Thestudyisthefirsttoexaminetheassociationwithdepressionaccordingtothetypeofchocolateconsumed.Theteamassesseddatafrom13,626adultsfromtheUSNationalHealthandNutritionExaminationSurvey.Arangeofotherfactorsincludingheight,weight,maritalstatus,education,householdincome,physicalactivity,smokingandchronic(慢性的)healthproblemswerealsotakenintoaccounttoensurethestudyonlymeasuredchocolate'seffectondepressivesymptoms.Afteradjustingforthesefactors,itwasfoundthatindividualswhoreportedeatinganydarkchocolateintwo24-hourperiodshad70percentloweroddsofreportingclinicallyrelevantdepressivesymptomsintheprevioustwoweeksthanthosewhoreportednoteatingchocolateatall.

Chocolatecontainsanumberofpsychoactiveingredients(精神活性成分)whichproduceafeelingofeuphoria(興奮感)similartothatofcannabinoid(大麻素),foundincannabis.Italsocontainsphenylethylamine(苯基乙胺),whichisbelievedtobeimportantforregulatingpeople'smoods.HoweverBritishscientistsurgedcautionaboutthefindings,suggestingthatthedecisiontoeatdarkchocolatecouldbelinkedtootherhealthfactors.Forexample,peoplewhochoosedarkchocolatemaybemorehealthconsciousingeneral,whichisknowntoprotectagainstdepression.Depressedpeoplearealsomorelikelytocravemoresugaryfattyfoodsandsocouldbelesslikelytopickadarkalternativewhenchoosingchocolate.8.Whatistheaimofthestudy?A.Tofindacurefordepression.B.Tofindoutthecauseofdepression.C.Toresearchontheingredientsofchocolate.D.Tostudyassociationbetweendepressionandchocolate.9.Whatisphenylethylamine?A.Somethingthatcanmakepeopleexcited.B.Somethingthatcanadjustpeople'smoods.C.Somethingthatcanmakepeopledepressed.D.Somethingthatcanmakepeopleoverweight.10.WhatisBritishscientists'attitudetowardthefindings?A.Supportive. B.Negative. C.Doubtful. D.Cautious.11.Whataredepressedpeoplemorelikelytodo?A.Eatsugaryfattyfoods. B.Havedarkchocolates.C.Exerciseoutdoors. D.Concernabouthealth.【答案】DBDA【解析】8.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句"Thestudyisthefirsttoexaminetheassociationwithdepressionaccordingtothetypeofchocolateconsumed."可知，其目的是研究抑郁和食用巧克力的種類之間的關(guān)系。9.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句中"whichisbelievedtobeimportantforregulatingpeople'smoods"可知，苯基乙胺是調(diào)節(jié)人們情緒的東西。10.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段第一句"HoweverBritishscientistsurgedcautionaboutthefindings,suggestingthatthedecisiontoeatdarkchocolatecouldbelinkedtootherhealthfactors."可知，英國(guó)科學(xué)家對(duì)研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)持謹(jǐn)慎的態(tài)度。11.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"Depressedpeoplearealsomorelikelytocravemoresugaryfattyfoodsandsocouldbelesslikelytopickadarkalternativewhenchoosingchocolate."可知，抑郁的人也更有可能想吃更多的高糖高脂食物，因此在選擇巧克力時(shí)，他們不太可能選擇黑巧克力。DForDamenFletcher,chessismuchmorethanagame.ThisinspiringCaliforniamanuseschesstocoachyoungpeoplefromsomeofthemostdisadvantagedneighborhoodsinSouthernCaliforniaandbeyondtodevelopself-confidence,andfindpurposeintheirlives.WhydoesFletcherchoosechesstohelpkidsandteensmaketherightmovesinlife?Theanswerliesinhisownlifestory.Fletcher,wholearnedtoplaythisgameofstrategicskillattheageof13,grewupinCompton,California.Afterheadingfarthertocollege,hereturnedhometofindhisfriendsstruggling.Asheexplains;"Someofthemhadfallenintoprison.Homelessandunemployed...andIjustwondered，‘WhydidIhavesuchadifferentoutcome?'Anditwaschess.”Sohesetaboutbuildinghisownorganization“TrainofThought”tohelpinnercitykidsfindtheirownkingorqueenandlifegoalsbylearningproblemsolving,teamwork,andforwardplanningskillsatanearlyagethroughchess,whileenjoyingthemselves.FletcherhighlightsinaninterviewwithFoxNewsthateverygameofchessis75to100moves,andeverysinglemovethatyouropponentmakespresentsanewproblemforyoutosolve,sochessisagameinwhichtheweakcanturnoutstronger.AsPaigeStevenson,a7thgraderandalreadyakeenchessplayerthankstoFletcher'senthusiasm，tellsthechannel，“Hehastaughtmenottogiveupbecauseyoucanmoveandfindawayoutinsteadoflosing.”Hisorganizationhaspartneredwithmorethan100schoolstodateandhastaughtmorethan50,000studentsthegameofKingsinCalifornia，withplanstoexpandintheUS.Itisanoldproverbthatchildrenlearnfromplay,andthisissomethingthatFletcheriskeentostress.Andashiswebsitealsoexplains:"Ifyouthinkchessisjustagame，you'renotplayingitright.”12.WhatdoweknowaboutDamenFletcher?A.Hehadaroughchildhood. B.Helikesnothingbutchess.C.Heisapositivechessmaster. D.Heisafamoussocialactivist.13.WhatinspiredFletchertofound“TrainofThought”?A.Thevalueofchess. B.Thecollegeeducation.c.Hispursuitforsuccess. D.Hisfriends’requirement.14.WhydidtheauthormentionPaigeStevensoninparagraph4?A.Tocomparedifferentideas.B.ToshowPaige'senthusiasm.C.Toprovideotherinformation.D.TosupportFletcher'sopinion.15.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthegameofKingsfromthetext?A.Itcanhelpkidsgrowuphappily.B.Itmaygetkidsaddictedtochess.C.Itwillbecomearequiredcourse.D.Itisactiveinschoolsintheworld.【答案】CADA【解析】D篇介紹了Damen這位棋類大師的理念和項(xiàng)目，學(xué)生可以在游戲中快樂成長(zhǎng)?？傮w考察對(duì)語篇段落的理解，有細(xì)節(jié)題，也出現(xiàn)了更深一層的對(duì)行文目的的推斷，難度中等。12.C根據(jù)第一段就可以看出，Damen棋技高超，能指導(dǎo)他人，只有C射擊類chess，符合題意。13.A根據(jù)第二段可以看出，Damen認(rèn)為，比起那些生活掙扎的朋友們，他能取得如此高的成就正是因?yàn)橄缕澹虼藛l(fā)他的就是因?yàn)橄缕灞旧淼膬r(jià)值。C選項(xiàng)有偏誤，第二段的表述沒有談及他對(duì)棋的追求。14.D考察對(duì)行文目的的理解。結(jié)合第四段，前半部分在展示Damen的觀點(diǎn)，即棋類游戲每一步都涉及問題解決，能由弱轉(zhuǎn)強(qiáng)。Paige的講話內(nèi)容是圍繞這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的，且贊同感謝這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，因此可以推測(cè)，行文的目的就是為了支持Damen的觀點(diǎn)。15.A細(xì)節(jié)推理題。答案從最后一段中尋找。第三行的learnfromplay，可以看出孩子們會(huì)通過游戲來成長(zhǎng)學(xué)習(xí)，是快樂的，A符合；B說上癮是胡編亂造；C和D都錯(cuò)在過度解讀，不能說已經(jīng)變成義務(wù)課程，也不能說因?yàn)樵诿绹?guó)推廣就能在世界范圍普及。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ALongandHealthyLifeEveryonewantstobehealthyandlivealongtime.1Someyearsago，a90-year-oldAmericanwritergavesomeadviceforalongandhealthylife：?Believeinyourself.?Keepyourmindactive.?Bepositive(樂觀的)．?Lovepeopleandenjoyhelpingothers.ThewomenofOkinawa，inJapan，areanothergreatexample.2Theirsecret?Theyexerciseeveryday，theydon’thavemuchstressintheirlives，and，ingeneral，theyarepositiveandactive.Butofcourse，dietisimportant，too.3Theyeatsomemeat，buttheydon’teatanyfatfromthemeat.Andtheyeatseaweed(海藻)．Thisisgoodfortheheart.TheMediterraneandietisveryhealthy，too.Itincludesvegetables，tomatoes，fish，beans，cheeseandrice.4Itcomesfromoliveoilandfromfish.So，whatdothesetwodietstellus??Don’teatanybadfats—likefatsinsweets，friedfoodandmeat.?Eathealthyvegetables，fruitandrice.?5Ifyouuseoil，useagoodonelikeoliveoil.Andavoiddeep-friedfood!?Ifyou’realittlehungry，eatanappleoracarrot—notabagofpotatochips!Eatwell，liveanactiveandstress-freelife，andyou’lllivealongtime.A．Buthowcanwedoit?B．Thefatinthisdietis“goodfat”．C．Beactiveanddoexerciseeveryday.D．Don’tusetoomuchoilwhencooking.E．WhydotheJapanesewomenlivethelongest?F．TheOkinawawomeneatfish，greenvegetables，carrots，fruitandsweetpotatoes.G．Theylivealongtime，theyareveryhealthyandtheydon’thavemanydiseasesorheartproblems.eq\x(語篇解讀本文是說明文。怎樣才能夠健康長(zhǎng)壽？本文就此給出了幾點(diǎn)建議。)【答案】AGFBD【解析】1．A根據(jù)文中的“Everyonewantstobehealthyandlivealongtime.”與“Someyearsago...adviceforalongandhealthylife”可知，橫線處應(yīng)該是對(duì)如何能夠健康長(zhǎng)壽提出的疑問，故選A。2．G根據(jù)上文中的“ThewomenofOkinawa，inJapan，areanothergreatexample.”可知，空處應(yīng)是對(duì)沖繩的女人們的健康長(zhǎng)壽情況的介紹。故G項(xiàng)符合此處語境。3．F聯(lián)系語境及上文中的“Butofcourse，dietisimportant，too.”可知，飲食健康是沖繩女人長(zhǎng)壽的一個(gè)重要原因，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)介紹了沖繩女人的飲食，故應(yīng)選F。4．B根據(jù)下文中的“Itcomesfromoliveoilandfromfish.”可知，地中海飲食中的脂肪是從橄欖油和魚中獲取的，所以是健康的。5．D下文中的“Ifyouuseoil，useagoodonelikeoliveoil.Andavoiddeep-friedfood！”與D項(xiàng)“做飯不要用太多油”相呼應(yīng)。第二部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Anoldmanwenttolivewithhisson,daughter-in-law,and4-year-oldgrandson.Theoldman’shands13,hiseyesightwasnotclear,andhis14unsteady（不穩(wěn)定的）.Thefamilywere15everynightatthedinnertable.Buttheelderlygrandfather’sshakyhandsand16sightmadethisratherdifficult.Peasrolledoffhisspoonontothefloor.Whenhegraspedtheglass,17wouldoftenspill（灑落）ontothetablecloth.“Wemustdosome-thingaboutgrandfather,”saidthehusband.Sothehusbandandwifesetasmalltableinthecorner.There,grandfatherate18inthecornerwhiletherestofthefamilyenjoyeddinneratthedinnertable19grandfatherhadalreadybrokenadishortwo,hisfoodwasservedina20bowl.Sometimes,whenthefamily21grandfather,hehadatearinhiseyeasheatealone22,theonlywordsthecouplehadforhimweresharp23whenhedroppedaforkorspilledfood.The4-year-oldboywatchedallthis24Oneeveningbeforesupper,thefather25hissonplayingwithwoodscraps（小塊）onthefloor.Heaskedthechildsweetly:“Whatareyoumaking?”Justas26,theboyanswered:“Oh,Iammakingalittle27foryouandmamatoeatyourfoodfromwhenIgrowup.”The4-year-oldboysmiledandwentbackto28onit.Thewords29theparentssomuchthattheywere30Thentearsstartedtostreamdowntheircheeks31nowordwasspoken,bothknewwhattheyhadtodo.Thatevening,thehusbandtookgrandfather’shandand32ledhimbacktothefamilytable.13.A.wounded B.moved C.trembled D.dragged14.A.step B.feet C.speech D.body15.A.away B.together C.asleep D.apart16.A.losing B.failing C.disappearing D.rising17.A.food B.pan C.milk D.dinner18.A.alone B.casually C.steadily D.bitterly19.A.After B.Since C.While D.When20.A.small B.safe C.big D.wooden21.A.glancedat B.staredat C.lookedthrough D.lookedafter22.A.However B.Otherwise C.Still D.Rather23.A.comments B.quarrels C.warnings D.remark24.A.insilence B.inadvance C.indanger D.incharge25.A.researched B.noticed C.searched D.explored26.A.firmly B.suddenly C.cruelly D.sweetly27.A.bowl B.cup C.spoon D.pan28.A.worship B.work C.whisper D.weave29.A.impressed B.touched C.confused D.struck30.A.speechless B.homeless C.fearless D.hopeless31.A.Once B.Whether C.Though D.Unless32.A.gently B.happily C.fluently D.fortunately【答案】13.C14.A15.B16.B17.C18.A19.B20.D21.A22.C23.C24.A25.B26.D27.A28.B29.D30.A31.C32.A【解析】試題分析：文章講述的是一個(gè)關(guān)愛老人的故事。老人年紀(jì)大了，手腳開始變得不聽使喚。家人嫌棄手腳不便的老人，讓老人單獨(dú)吃飯，還經(jīng)常批評(píng)老人打破餐具。這些場(chǎng)景都被四歲的孫子看到了，小男孩也學(xué)著爸爸媽媽的做法，給爸爸媽媽做木碗，等長(zhǎng)大了讓爸爸媽媽也用木碗吃飯。通過這件事，夫婦兩人認(rèn)識(shí)到了他們的錯(cuò)誤。13.C考查形容詞辨析。A受傷的；B感動(dòng)的；C顫抖的；D牽引的。根據(jù)第三行theelderlygrandfather’sshakyhands可知，老人有手顫的毛病，故選C。14.A考查名詞辨析。A腳步，步子；B腳；C演講；D身體。Theoldman’shands,hiseyesightwasnotclear,andhisunsteady（不穩(wěn)定的）.老人手顫，視力不好，走起路來也不穩(wěn)。根據(jù)句意可知，這里描述的是老人的肢體狀況，故選A。15.B考查形容詞辨析。A離開；B一起；C睡著的；D分開的。根據(jù)Peasrolledoffhisspoonontothefloor.可知，一家人每晚聚在一起吃晚飯，故選B。16.B考查形容詞辨析。A失去的；B衰退的；C消失的；D上升的。這里指下降的視力，故選B。17.C考查名詞辨析。A食物；B平底鍋，烤盤；C牛奶；D晚餐。Whenhegraspedtheglass,wouldoftenspill（灑落）ontothetablecloth.當(dāng)他握住玻璃杯時(shí)，牛奶總是灑到桌布上。根據(jù)句意可知，被子里裝的是液體，故選C。18.A考查副詞辨析。A單獨(dú)，只有；B隨意地；C穩(wěn)定地；D強(qiáng)烈地，痛苦地。根據(jù)whiletherestofthefamilyenjoyeddinneratthedinnertable可知，老人獨(dú)自一人在角落里用餐，故選A。19.B考查連接詞。A在......之后；B自從，因?yàn)?；C當(dāng)......時(shí)候，盡管；D當(dāng)。根據(jù)hisfoodwasservedinabowl可知，老人用的是木制的碗，防止老人吃飯時(shí)把碗打破。句子前后是因果關(guān)系，故選B。20.D考查形容詞辨析。A小的；B安全的；C大的；D木制的。根據(jù)grandfatherhadalreadybrokenadishortwo可知，老人已經(jīng)打破了一兩個(gè)碗，家人給老人換了木制的碗，不容易摔爛，故選D。21.A考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。A一瞥；B盯著看；C瀏覽；D照顧。Sometimes,whenthefamilygrandfather,hehadatearinhiseyeasheatealone.有時(shí)，當(dāng)家人瞥見老人時(shí)，老人眼里含著淚，故選A。22.C考查副詞辨析。A然而，表轉(zhuǎn)折；B否則；C然而，不過；D相反。這里布標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)折，用still加強(qiáng)語氣，故選C。23.C考查名詞辨析。A評(píng)論B爭(zhēng)吵；C警告；D評(píng)論，意見。sharpwhenhedroppedaforkorspilledfood當(dāng)老人弄掉叉子或?yàn)⒊鍪澄飼r(shí)，夫婦兩人總是說一些尖銳的話語警告老人，故選C。24.A考查介詞短語辨析。A靜靜地；B提前；C處于危險(xiǎn)中；D負(fù)責(zé)。The4-year-oldboywatchedallthis4歲的小男孩靜靜地看著這些事情，不敢吱聲，故選A。25.B考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A研究；B注意到；C搜尋；D探索。thefatherhissonplayingwithwoodscraps（小塊）onthefloor.父親注意到兒子在玩一塊木頭，故選B。26.D考查副詞辨析。A堅(jiān)決地，緊緊地；B突然；C殘酷地；D甜美地，良好地。根據(jù)Heaskedthechildsweetly可知，兒子用同樣甜美的聲音回答，故選D。27.A考查名詞辨析。A碗；B杯子；C湯匙；D平底鍋。根據(jù)toeatyourfoodfrom可知，兒子在為爸爸媽媽做一個(gè)木碗，故選A。28.B考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A尊敬；B工作；C低語；D編織。wentbacktoonit男孩說完后繼續(xù)做木碗，workon繼續(xù)工作，致力于，故選B。29.D考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A給......深刻印象；B感動(dòng)；C使困惑；D敲打。Thewordstheparentssomuch男孩的話語讓父母嚇得目瞪口呆，struck使感到（驚訝），故選D。30.A考查形容詞辨析。A語塞的；B無家可歸的；C無畏的；D無望的。Thewordstheparentssomuchthattheywere.兒子說的話讓父母嚇了一跳，變得一時(shí)無話可說。故選A。31.C考查從句辨析。A一旦；B是否；C盡管；D除非。nowordwasspoken,bothknewwhattheyhadtodo.盡管夫婦倆什么也沒說，但兩人都知道該怎么做了。前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選C。32.A考查副詞辨析。A溫和地；B開心地；C流利地；D幸運(yùn)地。thehusbandtookgrandfather’shandandledhimbacktothefamilytable.男子握住老人的手，溫和地把他帶回到餐桌前。故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TraditionalChinesecultureplacesmuchemphasis(重視)onfood.Consideredtobeanimportantpartofeachday,33.(eat)isfarbeyondsimplymeetinganeed.However,peoplearelivinginfast-pacedsocietynow,sotheyhardlyhavetimetoenjoytheirfood.Theyneedfastfood.Thatis34.China’sfast-foodmarketexpands.Aforeignfast-foodrestaurant35.(call)KFCarrivedinChinafirst,quicklyfollowedby36.（other）suchasPizzaHutandMcDonald’s.With37.the(develop)ofChina,foreignfast-foodchainsarerealizinghigh-speed38.(grow)inChina.However,these“junkfoods”havelongbeencriticizedbyhealthexpertsbecause39.(their)can’tprovidebalancednutrition(營(yíng)養(yǎng)).Theexpertsalsoshowthatsomeforeignfastfoodcontainsafoodcoloring,SudanI,40.cancausecancer.Infact,Chinahasmanyofitsowntraditionalfast-fooddishes.Amongthem,dumplings,soybeanmilkandnoodles41.(be)themostpopular.Comparedwithforeignfastfood,thosetraditionalonesarehealthier.42.manyChinesestillenjoythespecialtasteandthegoodenvironmentintheforeignfast-foodchainseventhoughthereexistsomepotential（潛在的）risks.【答案】33.eating34.why35.called36.others37.development38.growth39.they40.which41.are42.But【解析】33.eating作主語用動(dòng)名詞形式。34.why后面介紹了快餐在中國(guó)的發(fā)展，這里是表示“為什么”。35.called用過去分詞作定語，句意為“被叫作KFC的一家外國(guó)快餐店首先進(jìn)入中國(guó)”。36.others隨后其他的必勝客和麥當(dāng)勞也跟著進(jìn)來了。others在這里指其他的快餐廳。37.development隨著中國(guó)的發(fā)展。with表“隨著”。38.growth作賓語用它的名詞形式growth。39.they這里指肯德基、麥當(dāng)勞等洋快餐，所以用they。40.which空格所在的句子缺少主語，而這一句與前一句之間用逗號(hào)連接，故可以判定是定語從句，結(jié)合上下文，應(yīng)該填which。41.are最高級(jí)前用定冠詞the。42.But前后文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but?？键c(diǎn)：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞、名詞、代詞、連詞及定語從句等語法知識(shí)第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作（滿分15分)假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華，你的英國(guó)筆友Jim在郵件中談到近年來全球掀起的剩食運(yùn)動(dòng)（WasteNoFoodMovement），例如：推行打包及食物共享文化、鼓勵(lì)購(gòu)買即期品，并將廚余分類回收后加以利用。請(qǐng)你回郵件，說明你對(duì)此現(xiàn)象的看法，內(nèi)容包括：1.你對(duì)剩食運(yùn)動(dòng)的看法；2.你或者你周圍人的做法。注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于50；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。提示詞：leftovern.剩余食物;adj.剩余的DearJim,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJim,It’sgreattohearfromyou.I’mstronglysupportiveof“WasteNoFoodMovement”forthefollowingtworeasons.Tobeginwith,foodshortageisaproblemconcerningthewholeworld,soweshouldtakeeverysmallactiontosavefood.Besides,themovementappealstopeopletoclassifyandrecyclefoodwaste,whichisobviouslywonderfultoprotecttheenvironment.Inmylife,I’vewitnessedmanypracticalacts.Forexample,whileeatingoutside,wetendtopackleftovers.Nowadays,moreandmoreChinesearepracticinggarbageclassification.Weputtheleftoverasidetomakeitpossibleandeasiertoreuse.Whatdoyouthinkofthemovement?Lookingforwardtoyourbrilliantidea.Yours,LiHua【分析】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文，要求給朋友回郵件。【詳解】第一步：根據(jù)提示可知，假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華，你的英國(guó)筆友Jim在郵件中談到近年來全球掀起的剩食運(yùn)動(dòng)（WasteNoFoodMovement），例如：推行打包及食物共享文化、鼓勵(lì)購(gòu)買即期品，并將廚余分類回收后加以利用。請(qǐng)你回郵件，說明你對(duì)此現(xiàn)象的看法，內(nèi)容包括：1.你對(duì)剩食運(yùn)動(dòng)的看法；2.你或者你周圍人的做法。第二步：根據(jù)寫作要求確定關(guān)鍵詞（組），如：stronglysupportive,foodshortage,savefood,appealsto,classifyandrecycle,protecttheenvironment,practicalacts,packleftovers,garbageclassification.第三步：根據(jù)提示和關(guān)鍵詞（組）進(jìn)行遣詞造句，注意主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)問題。第四步：連句成文，注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞進(jìn)行句子之間的銜接和過渡，書寫一定要規(guī)范清晰，保持整潔美觀的卷面是非常重要的?！军c(diǎn)睛】范文內(nèi)容完整，語言規(guī)范，語篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當(dāng)。作者在范文中使用了較多高級(jí)表達(dá)方式，如themovementappealstopeopletoclassifyandrecyclefoodwaste,whichisobviouslywonderfultoprotecttheenvironment.運(yùn)用了非限制性定語從句；whileeatingoutside,wetendtopackleftovers.是狀語從句的省略；Weputtheleftoverasidetomakeitpossibleandeasiertoreuse.運(yùn)用了it作形式賓語。全文中沒有中國(guó)式英語的句式，顯示了很高的駕馭英語的能力。另外，文章思路清晰，層次分明，上下句轉(zhuǎn)換自然，為文章增色添彩。第二節(jié)(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Mymotheralwaystoldmeitwasbettertobesmartthantobebeautiful.“Ifyouaresmart，finallyyouwillaffordtobebeautiful.”AllIneededwerethebrains，andsomeday，Iwouldbeareallybeautifullawyer.MymotherworkedataTVstationandIwouldcomealongandwatchthemagicoffilmingTVshows.Butallthesame，Iwaslearning.Whenmyfather’sbusinessfailed，Iwasabletocontinuetoattendoneofthebestbilingual(雙語的)schoolsinMexicoCitythankstoscholarship.Scholarshipfollowedmeintomiddleschoolandhighschool.However，duringmysenioryearinhighschoolmyfamilymovedtomydad’