2022保定市新市區(qū)高考英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)和閱讀理解一輪選練(6)及答案

閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文,從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。MentionthetermsItalianCultureandRenaissanceArtandoneisimmediatelyremindedofthemysterioussmileofLeonardodaVinci’sMonaLisa.TherenaissanceperiodhadadeepeffectonEuropeanculturedevelopment.HavingitsbeginningsinItaly,bythe16thcentury,ithadspreadtotherestofEurope.Itsinfluencewasfeltindifferentfieldssuchasphilosophy,literature,religion,science,politics,and,ofcourse,art.Thescholarsoftherenaissanceperiodappliedthehumanistmethodineveryfieldofstudy,andwantedhumanemotionandrealisminart.RenaissancescholarsstudiedtheancientLatinandGreektexts,searchingthemonastic(修道院的)librariesofEuropeforworksofancienttimesthathadbecomeobscure,intheirhuntforimprovingandperfectingtheirworldlyknowledge.ThiswascompletelydifferentfromthereligionthatChristianity(基督教)stressed.However,thatdoesnotmeanthattheyrefusedChristianity.Infact,muchofthegreatestworksoftherenaissanceperiodwasdevotedtoit,withthechurchsupportingalotoftheworksofrenaissanceart.However,therewereslightchangesinthemannerinwhichthescholarsbegantotreatreligion,whichaffectedtheculturallifeofthesociety,whichinturninfluencedtheartistsofthatperiodandthereforewasreflectedintheirart.InRaphael’sSchoolofHowever,itwasonlyafterthewritingsofFilippoBrunelleschi,1377—1446,whoisconsideredthefirstgreatbuilderoftheItalianRenaissance,thatperspectivewasformallyacceptedasanartistictechnique.【文章大意】文章介紹了文藝復(fù)興的發(fā)源地意大利在當(dāng)時(shí)的背景下的文化特色和相關(guān)藝術(shù)家在這個(gè)時(shí)期的作用。1.WhatmakesItalystandoutinawayinworldhistory?A.ItsartistsduringtheRenaissancewerenumerous.B.ItwasthecenteroftheEuropeancountries.C.IthadLeonardodaVinci’sMonaLisa.D.ItwasthehometotheRenaissance.【解析】選D。推理推斷題。其次段其次句話的beginningsinItaly,bythe16thcentury,ithadspreadtotherestofEurope說(shuō)明意大利正是文藝復(fù)興的發(fā)源地,從而影響整個(gè)歐洲。2.Theunderlinedword“obscure”inParagraph3mostprobablymeans“”.A.meaninglessandhardtorecognizeB.clearandmeaningfultoguidepeopleC.unclearanddifficulttounderstandorseeD.easytounderstandbuthavinglittlemeaning【解析】選C。詞義猜想題。該題依據(jù)語(yǔ)境結(jié)合選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行猜想。句中的themonastic說(shuō)明這些資料的來(lái)源,和宗教有關(guān)的應(yīng)當(dāng)是較難理解的,worksofancienttimes也說(shuō)明白這一點(diǎn)。3.WhenwasperspectiveofficiallyreceivedduringtheRenaissance?A.AfterthecompletionofLeonardodaVinci’sMonaLisa.B.AfterLeonardodaVinci’sbeingcomparedtoPlato.C.AfterGiottodiBondone’spaintingswererespected.D.AfterFilippoBrunelleschi’scompletinghiswritings.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。最終一段的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)里的被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分就是本題的解題線索。4.Thepassageaimstotellus.A.Italy’srenaissanceartandartistsB.thefamousartistsinItaly’shistoryC.Italy’sinfluenceontheworldincultureD.thehardshipsduringtherenaissanceinItaly【解析】選A。主旨大意題。文章是圍圍著意大利在文藝復(fù)興中的文化進(jìn)展和相關(guān)的藝術(shù)家開(kāi)放的。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。TheCaveCrawlerminingrobotWhydohumanbeingsstillrisktheirlivesundergroundanddoingoneofthedirtiestandmostdangerousjobsintheworld?It’sanincreasinglyurgentquestion,giventherecenthigh-profile(引人注目的)miningaccidentsinSago,W.Va.,andHuntington,Utah.Asmallgroupofengineersandroboticsexpertsenvision(展望)adayinthenot-too-distantfuturewhenrobotsandothertechnologydomostofthedangerousminingwork..OneofthefirstminingrobotswasdevelopedfiveyearsagoatCarnegie-MellonUniversity’sRoboticsInstitute.ItwascalledGroundhoganditlookedlikeagolfcart.Itusedlasersto“see”indarktunnelsandmapabandonedmines—someofthemostdangerousworkinthebusiness.ThelatestprototypeiscalledCaveCrawler.It’sabitsmallerthanGroundhog,andevenmoreadvanced.Itcantakephotosandvideoandhassensorsmountedthatcandetectthepresenceofdangerousgases.Incredibly,therobothasarealsenseoflogic.Ifitcomesacrossanobstacleitgetsmomentarilyconfused,ithastothinkthroughtheprocessandwheretogonext,andsometimesitthrowsafitjustlikearealperson.Thebiggestobstacle,though,iscost.Theoriginalresearchprojectwasfederallyfunded,butthatmoneyhasdriedup,andit’snotclearwherefuturefundingwillcomefrom.Partlyforthatreason,andpartlybecauseofadvancesinsafety,miningisnotnearlyasdangerousasitwasinthepast.Since1990,fatalitieshavedeclinedby67percent,andinjuriesby51percent,accordingtotheNationalMiningAssociation.Someexpertspredictthatrobotsinmineswillservemuchofthesamefunctionthattheydointheautomotiveindustry.Therobotsdothemostrepetitiveanddangerousjobs,butdon’teliminatetheneedforhumanworkers.1.ThelatestrobotismoreadvancedthanGroundhogmainlybecause.A.itcanmapabandonedminesB.therobothasarealsenseoflogicC.itcanseeinthedarktunnelD.it’sabitsmallerthanGroundhog2.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat.A.theminerobotswillhaveaverybrightfutureB.robotsinmineswillservemuchintheautomotiveindustryC.therewillbenoneedforhumanworkersinminesD.robotsinmineshavealongwaytogo3.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A.High-profileminingaccidentsinAmerica.B.Thedevelopmentofrobot.C.Couldrobotsreplacehumansinmines?D.CaveCrawler,thelatestrobot.【參考答案】BAC閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Everyyearmanystudentswenttothecollegebookstoretopurchasethedifferenttextbooksthattheyneedfortheirclasses.Littledothesestudentsrealizethat,indoingso,theyarethrowinggoodmoneyaway.Itmaysoundunbelievablebuttextbooks,insomecases,actuallycostasmuchas,ifnotmorethan,collegefees.Manypeoplethinkthatcollegebookstoresarethemostconvenientsourcefortextbooks.Titlesareusuallykeptandstudentsmaypurchasenewtextbooksorchoosetobuysecond-handbooksandsavemoney.Butthemoneysavedbypurchasingsecond-handtextbooksfromcollegebookstoresissmallcomparedtotheamounttheycouldsavebyshoppingonline.Moreandmoreonlinebooksellershavebegunsellingtextbooksatheavilydiscountedprices.Onlinesecond-handbookstoresareanothersourceforcollegebooksastheykeepalargenumberoftextbooks,whichmeanssizablesavingsforstudents.Studentsshouldavoidpurchasingtheirtextbooksatthefirststorethattheysurfonlinesincetherearesomany‘unreal’booksellersontheNet.Priceisn'ttheonlyfactortoconsiderwhenmakinganonlinepurchase.Studentsshouldalsoconsidershoppingcostsanddeliverytimewhenmakingtheirdecision.Onlineauctions(拍賣)areanotheroptionforstudentsseekingabargain.Thisoption,however,hasitsprosandcons.Aplusisthatstudentscangetincrediblycheapbooks.Oneproblemisthatwhileonlinebookstoreshaveasysteminplacethatensureyoureceiveyourorderwithinareasonableamountoftime,withanauctionpurchase,however,youmustdependontheauctionseller'stimetable.Onewaythatstudentscanreallysaveisbygettingbooksforfree.ProjectGutenbergisoneresourcethatEnglishmajorswillfindinvaluable.Herestudentscanlegallydownloadahugecollectionofclassicnovels.Inthepaststudentsneedinghelpwiththeirstudieswouldoftenhavetospendalotofmoneybuyingexpensivestudyguides.Todaythatisnolongerthecase.Cash-strappedstudentscannowvisitthewebsiteSparkNotesforfreedownloadablestudyguidesaswellasclassics.31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.LearningtoSaveonTextbooks B.WhyBuyTextbooksC.OnlineShopping D.TipsforBuyingSecondhandTextbooks【答案】A【解析】標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要講在線購(gòu)書(shū)比去學(xué)校書(shū)店買更節(jié)省，最終一段還介紹了一種能免費(fèi)獲得教科書(shū)的節(jié)省的方法。所以本文主要講在教科書(shū)方面怎樣省錢。故選A.32.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasasourcetoobtaintextbooks?A.Collegebookstores. B.Onlineusedbookstores.C.Onlineauctions. D.Second-handbookstorecentres.【答案】D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一段講到A.Collegebookstores。第三段“Onlinesecond-handbookstoresareanothersourceforcollegebooks…...”提到了B（在線二手書(shū)）。第四段講C.在線拍賣。但始終沒(méi)提到D。33.Theunderlinedexpression“prosandcons”(paragraph4)isclosestinmeaningto__________.A.professionalsandconservatives B.joyandsadnessC.advantagesanddisadvantages D.processesandconditions【答案】C【解析】詞義猜想題?！皃rosandcons”指“正反兩方面”，即“優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)”。與C意思相同。34.Accordingtothepassage,ProjectGutenbergisprobably__________.A.agovernmentprojectaimedathelpingEnglishmajorsB.aprojecttohelppoorstudentsgetfreelearningmaterialsC.awebsiteforEnglishmajorstogettheguidesfromlanguageexpertsD.awebsiteforstudentstogetfreesourcesforEnglishlearning【答案】D【解析】推理推斷題。文章最終一段“ProjectGutenbergisoneresourcethatEnglishmajorswillfindinvaluable.Herestudentscanlegallydownloadahugecollectionofclassicnovels.”說(shuō)明“ProjectGutenberg”是英語(yǔ)專業(yè)同學(xué)認(rèn)為格外貴重的資源，同學(xué)可以在這兒合法地下載大量經(jīng)典小說(shuō)保藏。因此它是一個(gè)同學(xué)可以為英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)獵取免費(fèi)資源的網(wǎng)站。故選D。35.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat__________.A.thecostoftextbooksincollegeislowcomparedtotheamountspentontuitionB.onlineauctionsareperfectforstudentsseekingtextbooksC.studentsshouldvisitmanywebsitesbeforebuyingtheirbooksD.studentsshouldconsidershoppingcostsanddeliverytimeaboveallelsewhenmakingtheirbuyingdecision【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段“Itmaysoundunbelievablebuttextbooks,insomecases,actuallycostasmuchas,ifnotmorethan,collegefees.”說(shuō)明聽(tīng)起來(lái)可能難以置信，但在某些狀況下，教科書(shū)的費(fèi)用即使不比高校學(xué)費(fèi)多，也是持平的。故A不對(duì)。文章第四段“Onlineauctions(拍賣)areanotheroptionforstudentsseekingabargain.Thisoption,however,hasitsprosandcons.”說(shuō)明在線拍賣也是有利有弊的，而不是完善的。故B錯(cuò)誤。第三段“Priceisn'ttheonlyfactortoconsiderwhenmakinganonlinepurchase.Studentsshouldalsoconsidershoppingcostsanddeliverytimewhenmakingtheirdecision.”說(shuō)價(jià)格不是網(wǎng)購(gòu)唯一考慮的因素，同學(xué)在做打算之前也要考慮購(gòu)物成本和交貨時(shí)間。能看出同學(xué)在作出購(gòu)買打算之前應(yīng)當(dāng)首要考慮購(gòu)物成本和交貨時(shí)間，但不是首要考慮的。故D錯(cuò)誤。第三段“Studentsshouldavoidpurchasingtheirtextbooksatthefirststorethattheysurfonlinesincetherearesomany‘unreal’booksellersontheNet.”說(shuō)明同學(xué)應(yīng)當(dāng)避開(kāi)在他們搜尋到的第一個(gè)店購(gòu)買教科書(shū)，由于網(wǎng)上有太多不真實(shí)的書(shū)商。所以在買書(shū)之前應(yīng)當(dāng)看很多網(wǎng)站，故C正確。4.短文改錯(cuò)Snowcameabitlaterthisyearthanusually.Afterschool,wetookabustogobackhomeinnoon.Ontheway,wewereattractedbytheamazingscenery—trees,houses,andevencarswerecoveredwithpurelywhitesnow.Howdesperatelywewanttoplayinthesnow!However,whenwegotoffthebus,weimmediatelyrantoasquarenearbytoenjoytheveryspiritswhatthesnowbroughtus.Despitethecoldweather,wehadagreatfunplayingwiththesnow.Manypasser-bywatcheduslaughingandplaying,withsmilesonhisfaces.Occupyingwithourstudyeveryday,wewouldliketoregarditarefreshingexperienceforusall.【參考答案】4.Snowcameabitlaterthisyearthanusually.Afterschool,wetookabustogobackusualhomeinnoon.Ontheway,wewereattractedbytheamazingscenery—trees,houses,atandevencarswerecoveredwithpurelywhitesnow.Howdesperatelywewanttoplaywantedinthesnow!However,whenwegotoffthebus,weimmediatelyrantoasquarenearbyThereforetoenjoytheveryspiritswhatthesnowbroughtus.Despitethecoldweather,wehadthatagreatfunplayingwiththesnow.Manypasser-bywatcheduslaughingandplaying,去掉passers-bywithsmilesonhisfaces.Occupyingwithourstudyeveryday,wewouldliketoregardtheirOccupiedit∧arefreshingexperienceforusall.as5.短文改錯(cuò)假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏詞符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（﹨）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線（___），并在該詞下面寫出修改的詞。留意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。WearegoingtotaketheCollegeEntranceExamsinmorethantwomonths.Therefore,manystudentsstilldon’tknowhowtobalancetheirstudy,restandphysicalexerciseswhilepreparingfortheExams.Theyusuallydevotetoomuchtimetogoovertheirlessons,whatresultsinpoorhealthandlowefficiencyoflearning.Astheproverbgoes,earlytobedandearlytorisemakeamanhealthy,wealthyandwise.We’dbetterleaveusenoughtimetorestandsleepsinceitenablesuslearnourlessonsmoreefficient.What’smore,astrongandhealthybodyisthebaseforourfurtherstudy,futureworkandcreativeactivities.Inbrief,aswearepreparingtotheExams,don’tforgetthatrest,exerciseandstudywereequallyimportant.【參考答案】5.WearegoingtotaketheCollegeEntranceExamsinmorethantwomonths.Therefore(However),manystudentsstilldon’tknowhowtobalancetheirstudy,restandphysicalexercises(exercise)whilepreparingfortheExams.Theyusuallydevotetoomuchtimetogo(going)overtheirlessons,what(which)resultsinpoorhealthandlowefficiencyoflearning.Astheproverbgoes,earlytobedandearlytorisemake(makes)amanhealthy,wealthyandwise.We’dbetterleaveus(ourselves)enoughtimetorestandsleepsinceitenablesus(加to)learnourlessonsmoreefficient(efficiently).What’smore,astrongandhealthybodyisthebaseforourfurtherstudy,futureworkandcreativeactivities.Inbrief,aswearepreparingto(for)theExams,don’tforgetthatrest,exerciseandstudywere(are)equallyimportant.6.短文改錯(cuò)下列文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（八），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。留意：1．每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起