2022高考英語完形類和閱讀類訓(xùn)練(4)及答案

完型填空。閱讀下面短文，把握其大意，然后從以下題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Peter’sjobwastoexaminecarswhentheycrossedthefrontiertomakesurethattheywerenotsmugglinganythingintothecountry.Everyeveninghewouldseeafactoryworkercoming__1__thehilltowardsthefrontier,__2__abikewithapileofgoodsofoldstrawonit.Whenthebike__3__thefrontier,Peterwouldstopthemanand__4__himtakethestrawoffanduntieit.Thenhewouldexaminethestrawvery__5__tosee__6__hecouldfindanything,afterwhichhewouldlookinalltheman’spockets__7__helethimtiethestrawagain.Themanwouldthenputitonhisbikeandgooffdownthehillwithit.AlthoughPeterwasalways__8__tofindgoldorothervaluablethings__9__inthestraw,heneverfound__10__.Hewassurethemanwas__11__something,buthewasnot__12__tothinkoutwhatitcouldbe.Thenoneevening,afterhehadlooked__13__thestrawandemptiedtheworker’spockets__14__usual,he__15__tohim,“Listen,Iknowyouaresmugglingthings__16__thisfrontier.Won’tyoutellmewhatitis?I’manoldman,andtoday’smylastdayonthe__17__.TomorrowI’mgoingto__18__.IpromiseIshallnottell__19__ifyoutellmewhatyou’vebeensmuggling.”Theworkerdidnotsayanythingfor__20__.Thenhesmiled,turnedtoPeterandsaidquietly,“Bikes.”名師點(diǎn)評這篇完型填空敘述了身為邊防檢查員的彼得明知一個(gè)工廠工人在走私貨物卻無法抓住對方的把柄。在退休的前一天，彼得懇請其說出真相，結(jié)果令彼得恍然大悟。(D)1.A.towards B.down C.to D.up【解析】D。依據(jù)下文這個(gè)工人越過邊界后，走下山坡，所以到達(dá)邊界之前應(yīng)在朝山上走。故選up。(C)2.A.filling B.pulling C.pushing D.carrying【解析】C。這名工人是在推著一輛裝有稻草的自行車，故選動(dòng)詞pushing。(D)3.A.arrived B.appeared C.came D.reached【解析】D。這里表達(dá)的是到達(dá)邊界之意arrive,come為不及物動(dòng)詞不行直接接thefrontier，故選reached。(C)4.A.ask B.order C.make D.call【解析】C。ask與order后接不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞前應(yīng)有to,make后接不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞前to要省去。依據(jù)下文應(yīng)選make。(A)5.A.carefully B.quickly C.silently D.horribly【解析】A。彼得想發(fā)覺這個(gè)工人在走私什么，所以應(yīng)認(rèn)真地檢查。故選carefully。(D)6.A.that B.where C.how D.whether【解析】D。這里依據(jù)文意，應(yīng)選擇表示“是否”之意的whether作賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。(A)7.A.before B.after C.first D.so【解析】A。依據(jù)常理，彼得應(yīng)先檢查這個(gè)工人的口袋才能讓他捆起稻草走人，故選before。(B)8.A.lucky B.hoping C.thinking D.wondering【解析】B．依據(jù)文意，彼得心中始終懷著查獲走私物品的期望，故選hoping。(B)9.A.hadbeen B.hidden C.hiding D.havebeen【解析】B。這里things和hide之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,現(xiàn)在分詞hiding作定語時(shí)表示主動(dòng)，所以應(yīng)用過去分詞hidden作后置定語表被動(dòng)。(D)10.A.nothing B.something C.everything D.anything【解析】D。本句中否定詞never及文意打算了這里應(yīng)選anything。(B)11.A.taking B.smuggling C.stealing D.pushing【解析】B。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)從語法上講都可以，只能從文意上進(jìn)行區(qū)分，smuggling意為“走私”，是正確選項(xiàng)。(C)12.A.possible B.strong C.able D.clever【解析】C。固定結(jié)構(gòu)beabletodosth.意為“能夠干某事”。(A)13.A.through B.thoroughly C.upon D.up【解析】A。習(xí)慣用語lookthrough意為“徹底檢查”。(D)14.A.like B.more C.then D.as【解析】D?！癮susual”為固定短語，意為“象平常一樣”。(D)15.A.told B.cried C.ordered D.said【解析】D。tell,order后面應(yīng)直接接人作賓語表示告知某人和命令某人，而用say應(yīng)為saytosb.故said為正確選項(xiàng)。(C)16.A.cross B.past C.across D.into【解析】C．這里應(yīng)選擇一個(gè)介詞構(gòu)成介詞短語在句中做狀語。介詞past表“經(jīng)過”；across強(qiáng)調(diào)“從一邊到另一邊”；而into表示“進(jìn)入到……里面”。依據(jù)文意across應(yīng)為正確選項(xiàng)。(C)17.A.thing B.work C.job D.duty【解析】C?！皁nthejob”為一常用短語。意為“執(zhí)行公務(wù)”。(C)18.A.rest B.back C.retire D.retreat【解析】C。由于今日是彼得最終一天上班說明明天他就要退休retire。(B)19.A.everyone B.anyone C.noone D.someone【解析】B。依據(jù)句中否定詞not及文意應(yīng)選anyone。(D)20.A.moment B.longtime C.sometime D.sometime【解析】D。本句說明這個(gè)工人回答彼得的問題之前緘默了一會兒。A選項(xiàng)應(yīng)用amoment；C選項(xiàng)表示某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間；D選項(xiàng)表示一段時(shí)間或一會兒，為正確選項(xiàng)。語法填空。閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于3個(gè)單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。【遼寧卷題型】A:Hello,Bobby,ItseemsthatI__1__arriveatyourhomeby12o'clock.B:Whathappened?We'reallexpectingyou,Hans,Dick,Archie...A:I'msosorry,I'vebeen__2__(hold)upbythedamntrafficjamforhalf__3__hour.I'd__4__(arrive)butforthat.B:Isee.__5__areyounow,Li?A:ThirtymetersaheadistheWaterlooB:It'snotfarawayfromhome,it's—letmesee—about20minutes'walk,Canyouwalkhere?A:I'vethoughtofthat,butwhatcanIdo__6__mycar？__7__onlyIhadtakenataxi!B:That'stoobad,butdon'tworry.We'llput__8__dinnertilloneo'clock.A:I'mso__9__(terrible)sorrytokeepyou__10__(wait)．B:Itdoesn'tmatter.Bye.A:Bye.1．______2.______3.______4.______5.______6．______7.______8.______9.______10.______答案：1.can't2.held3.an4.havearrived5.Where6.with7.If8.off9.terribly10.waiting語法填空。閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于3個(gè)單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(原創(chuàng))TheNobelPrizeinLiteraturefor2021isawardedtotheCanadianauthorAliceMunro,“masterofthecontemporaryshortstory”.Canada’sAliceMunro—1(call)the“masterofthecontemporaryshortstory”—wonthe2021NobelPrizeinLiterature,theSwedishRoyalAcademyofSciencesannouncedThursday.Theprizecommitteecomparedthe82-year-oldauthor2AntonChekhov,the19thcenturyRussian3isconsideredoneofthegreatestshortstorywritersinhistory.She’sthefirstCanadian-basedwriter4(win)theliteratureaward.SaulBellow,whowonitin1976,wasborninQuebecbutmovedtotheUnitedStatesasachildandisregardedas5U.S.author.Munroisthe13thwomantoreceivetheliteratureprize.“OnbehalfofallCanadians,”CanadianPrimeMinisterStephenHarpersaidinatweet,“6(congratulation)toAliceMunro.”Aftertheprestigiousaward7(announce),theNobelcommitteesaidonTwitterthatithadn’tbeenabletocontactMunroandleftaphonemessagetotell8thegoodnews.ButTheCanadianPresscontactedher,andshewasquotedassayingtheawardwas“quitewonderful”andshewas“9(terrible)surprised”.“IknewIwasintherunning,yes,10IneverthoughtIwouldwin,”shesaid,accordingtoaTorontoStarstoryquotingTheCanadianPress.【文章大意】諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)官方宣布,2021年諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)授予加拿大女作家愛麗絲·門羅,頒獎(jiǎng)詞稱其為“當(dāng)代短篇小說大師”。1.【解析】called?？疾檫^去分詞。call和規(guī)律主語AliceMunro之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)作定語。2.【解析】to?？疾榻樵~。compare...to...把……比作……。本句句意是:組委會把這位82歲的女作者比作19世紀(jì)俄國作家契訶夫。3.【解析】who。考查關(guān)系代詞。who引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾AntonChekhov,the19thcenturyRussian,并在從句中作主語。4.【解析】towin?？疾椴欢ㄊ健hefirst/second...后要接不定式作定語。5.【解析】a?？疾楣谠~。此處是泛指一位美國作家,應(yīng)用不定冠詞表泛指。6.【解析】congratulations?？疾槊~。表示慶賀時(shí),應(yīng)用congratulation的復(fù)數(shù)形式。7.【解析】wasannounced?？疾楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)。announce和award之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且是發(fā)生在過去的事情,應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。8.【解析】her。考查人稱代詞。指代上文中提到的Munro。9.【解析】terribly。考查副詞。修飾形容詞(surprised),應(yīng)用副詞。10.【解析】but?？疾檫B詞。句意:我知道我有期望,但我從來沒想過會獲獎(jiǎng)。上下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,應(yīng)用but連接。【2021高考復(fù)習(xí)】閱讀理解Theinterviewhadbeengoingonforabout20minutesandeverythingseemstobegoingwell.Then，suddenly，theinterviewerasksanunexpectedquestion，“Whichismoreimportant，laworDove？”JobapplicantsintheWestincreasinglyfindthemselvesaskedstrangequestionslikethis.AndthesignsarethatthisisbeginningtohappeninChina.Employerswantpeopleskilled，enthusiasticanddevoted.Sothesearethequalitiesthatanyreasonablyintelligentjobapplicantswilltrytoshownomatterwhathisorheractualfeelingsare.Inresponse，employersareincreasinglyusingquestionswhichtryandshowtheapplicant’struepersonality.ThequestioninthefirstparagraphcomesfromatestcalledtheKeirseyPersonalitySorter.Itisanattempttodiscoverhowpeoplesolveproblems，ratherthanwhattheyknow.Thisisoftencalledanaptitudetest(力氣傾向測驗(yàn))．AccordingtoMarkBaldwinmanyjobapplicantsinChinaarefindingthistypeofquestionsdifficult.WhenaChinesepersonfillsoutanaptitudetestheorshewillthinkthereisarightanswerandtheymayfailbecausetheytrytoguesswhattheexaminerwantstosee.Thisissometimescalledtheprisoner’sdilemma.Applicantsaretryingtoactcleverlyintheirowninterest.Buttheyfailbecausetheydon’tunderstandwhattheinterviewerislookingfor.Rememberthatinanaptitudetest，thecorrectanswerisalwaysthehonestanswer.【語篇解讀】本文敘述了現(xiàn)代企業(yè)聘請面試中的力氣傾向測試并為求職者供應(yīng)了回答此類問題的技巧。1．Thewriterwrotethepassageto________.A．giveyouapieceofadviceonajobinterviewB．tellyouhowtomeetajobinterviewerC．describetheaptitudetest D．a(chǎn)dviceyouhowtofindajob解析寫作目的題。通讀全文可知，本文意在為面試者供應(yīng)建議。答案A2．Whydotheinterviewersasksuchquestions?A．Theywanttodiscoverwhattheintervieweesknow.B．Theyarecuriousabouttheanswers.C．Theytrytodiscovertheabilityoftheintervieweessolvingproblems.D．Theyjustaskquestionswithoutthinkingmuch.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中的“Itisanattempttodiscoverhowpeoplesolveproblems，ratherthanwhattheyknow.”可知答案為C項(xiàng)。答案C3．Accordingtothewriter，inanaptitudetest，Chinesejobapplicantsshould________.A．nottellthetruthB．learntotellwhattheyreallythinkC．bemoreenthusiasticD．trytofindoutwhattheexaminerreallywanttoknow解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段的最終一句“Rememberthatinanaptitudetest，thecorrectanswerisalwaysthehonestanswer.”可知，在力氣傾向測驗(yàn)中，求職者應(yīng)當(dāng)給出一個(gè)懇切的答案。答案B4．Fromthepassageweknowthat________.A．jobapplicantsarealwaysaskedsuchquestionsB．moreChineseapplicantsfailtofindajobC．a(chǎn)pplicantsshouldnotactasreasonablyasaprisonerD．theaptitudetestisbecomingpopularworldwide解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章其次段的內(nèi)容可知，西方的求職者們不斷發(fā)覺他們被問到類似這樣的驚異問題，而且有跡象表明這種狀況在中國也開頭毀滅。由此可推知D項(xiàng)正確。答案D閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A.B.C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。IcametostudyintheUnitedStatesayearago.YetIdidnotknowtherealAmericansocietyuntilIwasinjuredinacaraccidentbecauseaftertheaccidentIhadtoseeadoctorandgotocourt.Aftertheaccident,myroommatecalledadoctorforme.Iwasverygratefulanddeterminedtorepayhimoneday.Butthenextday,heaskedmetopayhim$200forwhathehaddone.Iwasastonished.Hehadgoodreasontochargeme,hesaid.AndifIwantedtocollectmoneyfromthepersonwhowasresponsibleformyinjury,I’dhavetohaveagoodlawyer.Andonlyagooddoctorcanhelpmegetagoodlawyer.Nowthathehadhelpedmefindagooddoctor,itwasonlyfairthatIshouldpayhim.ButeverytimeIwenttoseethedoctor,Ihadtowaitabout50minutes.Hewouldseetwoorthreepatientsatthesametime,andoftenstoptreatingonesoastoseeanother.Yethechargedme$115eachtime.Thefinalexaminationreportconsistedoftenlines,anditcostme$215.Mylawyerwasallsmilesthefirsttimewemet.Butafterthatheavoidedseeingmeatall.Heknewverywelltheotherpartywasresponsiblefortheaccident,yethehardlydidanything.Hesimplywaitedtocollecthismoney.HewassoirresponsiblethatIdecidedtodismisshim.Andhemademepayhim$770.NowIhadtoactasmyownlawyer.Duetomyinexperience,ItoldtheinsurancecompanythedateIwasleavingAmerica.Knowingthat,theyplayedfortime,…andIleftwithoutgettingacent.MyexperiencestaughtmetwothingsaboutAmerica:firstly,inacountrylikeAmericamoneyiseverything.Itismoreimportantthanfriendship,honororprofessionalmorality.Secondly,foreignersarestillbeingunfairlytreated.SowhenwetalkaboutAmerica,weshouldseebothitsgoodandbadsides.1.Theauthor’sroommateofferedtohelphimbecause__________.A.hefeltsorryfortheauthorB.hethoughtitwasachancetomakesomemoneyC.heknewthedoctorwasaverygoodoneD.hewantedtheauthortohaveagoodlawyer2.Agooddoctorisessentialfortheauthorto__________.A.beproperlytreatedB.talkwiththepersonresponsiblefortheaccidentC.recoverbeforeheleavesAmericaD.eventuallygettheresponsiblepartytopayforhisinjury3.Theunderlinedword“charge“inthispassagemeans___________.A.beresponsibleB.accuseC.askasapriceD.claim4.Boththedoctorandthelawyerinthispassagearevery___________.A.friendlyB.greedyC.professionalD.busy5.Whatconclusioncanyoudrawfromthestory?A.GoingtocourtissomethingverycommoninAmerica.B.Onemustbeverycarefulwhiledrivingacar.C.therearemorebadsidesinAmericathangoodsides.D.MoneyismoreimportantthanotherthingsintheUS.【參考答案】1—5、BDCBD【四川省2022“聯(lián)測促改”活動(dòng)模擬試題】閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答落卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ImustfirstthankthewritersandeditorsofScienlljicAmericanandScientificAmericanMindfortheexcellentarticlesonwhichsomuchofthisbookisbased;theyarcacknowledged(致謝)indetailintheSources.Iammostgratefultohefamousnetunscicutists(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學(xué)家)andexpertswhokindlygavetheirtimetohelprecsonoutwhatmightbeinthequitenearfuture,andwhohavecontributedmuchtoneuroscience,especiallyR.DouglasFields,Josephl.cl)oux,RichardDavidson,PhilipKennedy,andHankGreely,anexpertonthelegal,ethical,andsocialproblemssurroundingthisbravenewworldofneuroscience.Thecaptivating(有吸引力的)conceptforthisbookcamefromthecreativeandhardworkingteamatJossey-Bass.whoarcmuchappreciated.Forthesecondtime,IwanttogiveheartfeltthankstomyeditorAlanRinzlerandsenioreditorialassistantNanaTwumasi.whohavecontributedsomuchtotheshapingandcreationofthisbook;CarolHartland,productiontalent;l3evMiller,muchmorethanacopyeditor；first-ratewriterresearcherl3riannaSmith；PaulaGoldstein.whodesignedthebook'sinside;andallthemarketingpeoplewhoputmybookinyourhands:JenniferWenzel.Erin13carn.P.J.Campbell,KarenWarner.At