2021貴陽市高考英語閱讀、閱讀表達(dá)一輪自練題(5)-及答案

2021貴陽市高考英語閱讀、閱讀表達(dá)一輪自練題（5）及答案完形填空。閱讀下面短文，把握其大意，然后從1?15各題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ItwasaterriblenightforLubeckandlightningflashedthroughthedarknessoverhisbedroom.Beforethe80-year-old1_____workercouldcount"onethousandone,"hewasshakenbyablastofthunder.Itwas11p.m.Thestormhadmoved2_____overhistwo-storywoodhome.Thenheheardthesmoke3_____ringing.Lubeckrushed4_____barefoottoinvestigate.Theflamesfromafire,mostlikelycausedbylightning,explodedout.Lubeckfledbackupstairstocall911.Butthephonedidn't5_____.andwhenLubecktriedtogodownoutsides,hewasstoppedbyawallofflames.Lubeckrealizedhewas6_____.Hisyounggranddaughters,wholivedwithhim,were7_____forthenight.HishousewasthreemilesoffthemainroadandsowellhiddenbypinesthatLubeckknewcallingforhelpwouldbe8.UpahillaboutathirdofamileawaylivedLubeck's9_____neighbors,Wentworthandhiswife.Whenitoccurredtohimthatthesoundwasmorelikeasmokedetector,Wentworthjumpedoutofbed,grabbedawirelessphoneandaflashlight,and10_____downthehillsidetowardthenoise..Wentworthcalledout，"Isanyonethere?"ashe11_____thehouse.Thenheheard,"Helpme!I'mtrapped!"comingfromLubeck'sbalcony(陽臺).Insidethehouse,windowsbrokeupallaroundhim.Afteronemore12_____insidethehouse,hegaveupandtherewasno13_____togettohim.Suddenly,henoticedaladder.HedraggeditovertothebalconyandpulledLubeckdownjustasthesecondfloorofthehousecollapsed.‘Withintheyear,Lubeckandhisfamily14_____thehouseatthesiteofthefire.WentworthandLubeckdon'trunintoeachother15_____,butLubecknowknowsthatifheeverneedshelp,Wentworthwillbethere.1.AexcitedBtiredCretiredD.relaxed2.AdirectlyBslightlyC-slowlyDsmoothly3.Apacket‘BalarmCboxDchimney4.AforwardsBupstairsCtowardsDdownstairs5.AworkBuseC'callDmake6.ArescuedBshockedCbeatenDtrapped7.ApresentBawayCaliveDactive8.AhelpfulBcarelessCfruitlessDregretful9.AfarthestBclosestCkindestDdeepest10.AheadedBhandedCescapedDlanded11.AgotBarrivedCapproachedDwalked12.AthoughtBexperimentCchanceDattempt13.AkeyBideaCway]Ddoubt14.AremindedBrebuiltCrepeated]Drecalled15.ArarelyBoccasionallyCcommonly]Dregularly1.【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞及語境的理解。excited興奮的；tired累的；retired退休的；relaxed放松的。依據(jù)the80-year-old可知80歲當(dāng)然退休了。那位80歲的退休工人數(shù)到了1001個數(shù)字，故選C。2.【答案】A【解析】考查副詞及語境的理解。directly徑直地，直接地；slightly略微地；slowly漸漸地；smoothly平穩(wěn)地。這里用directly來表明風(fēng)暴之大。風(fēng)暴就像就在兩層木屋的上方，故選A。3.【答案】B【解析】考查名詞及語境的理解。packet包裝；alarm報警；box盒子；chimney煙筒。依據(jù)上文可知暴風(fēng)特殊大，他們聽見風(fēng)暴的鳴叫聲，故選B。4.【答案】D【解析】考查副詞及語境的理解。forwards向前；upstairs樓上；towards向；downstairs向下。依據(jù)Lubeckfledbackupstairstocall911.可知他是從樓上下來的。Lubeck光著腳沖下樓去看一下到底，故選D。5.【答案】A【解析】考查動詞及語境的理解。work工作；use使用；call打電話；make制造。電話不能用，故選A。6.【答案】D【解析】考查動詞及語境的理解。rescued救援；shocked震驚；beaten戰(zhàn)勝；trapped逆境。Lubeck意識到必需被救，故選D。7.【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞及語境的理解。present現(xiàn)在；away離去；alive活著的；active樂觀的。原來和他住在一起的小孫女晚上離開（away）了，故選B。8.【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞及語境的理解。helpful有掛念的；careless馬虎的；fruitless徒勞的；regretful懊悔的。他的房子離主要大路有3英里遠(yuǎn)，并且四周被松樹包圍著以致于他呼救是沒有用的，故選C。9.【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞及語境的理解。farthest最遠(yuǎn)的；closest最近的；kindest親切的；deepest最深的。最近的（closest）鄰居住在向山上走一英里的地方，故選B。10.【答案】A【解析】考查動詞及語境的理解。headed朝向，率領(lǐng)；handed掛念；escaped逃離；landed著陸。依據(jù)上文可知鄰居住在上面的上山。Wentworth從床上跳下來，拿起無線電話和手電筒朝下山有聲音的地方而去，故選A。11.【答案】C【解析】考查動詞及語境的理解。got到達(dá)，接介詞to再跟名詞；arrived到達(dá)，接介詞at或in再跟名詞；approached接近，它后面直接跟名詞；walked步行。當(dāng)他接近房子的時候，Wentworth大叫“那里有人嗎”，故選C。12.【答案】D【解析】考查名詞及語境的理解。thought思考；experiment試驗；chance機會；attempt嘗試。在房子又進(jìn)行一次嘗試（attempt）后，他放棄了，故選D。13.【答案】C【解析】考查名詞及語境的理解。key鑰匙；idea方法；way方法；doubt懷疑。沒有方法接近他，故選C。14.【答案】B【解析】考查動詞及語境的理解。reminded提示；rebuilt重建；repeated重復(fù)；recalled召回。在這一年內(nèi)，Lubeck和他的家人在著火的地方重建（rebuilt）了一個房子，故選B。15.【答案】D【解析】考查副詞及語境的理解。rarely很少地；occasionally間或；commonly通常地；regularly經(jīng)常，有規(guī)律地。Wentworth和Lubeck沒有經(jīng)常見面，但是Lubeck知道，假如他需要掛念，Wentworth就在那里等著。故選D。閱讀理解。Toerrishuman.Toblametheotherguyisevenmorehuman.Commonsenseisnotallthatcommon.Whytellthetruthwhenyoucancomeupwithagoodexcuse?Thesethreepopularmisquotes(戲謔的引語)aremeanttobejokes,andyettheytellusalotabouthumannature.Toerr,ortomakemistakes,isindeedapartofbeinghuman,butitseemsthatmostpeopledon’twanttoaccepttheresponsibilityforhavingmadeamistake.Theynaturallylookforsomeoneelsewhocouldberesponsiblefortheproblem.Perhapsitisthenaturalthingtodo.Theoriginalquoteabouthumannaturewentlikethis:“Toerrishuman,toforgive,divine(神圣的).”Thissayingmirrorsanideal:peopleshouldbeforgivingofothers’mistakes.Instead,wetendtodotheopposite—findsomeoneelsetopasstheblameonto.However,takingresponsibilityforsomethingthatwentwrongisamarkofgreatmaturity.Commonsenseiswhatwecallclearthought.Havingcommonsensemeanshavingagoodgeneralplanthatwillmakethingsworkwell,anditalsomeansstayingwiththeplan.Commonsensetellsyouthatyoutakeanumbrellaoutintoarainstorm,butyouleavetheumbrellahomewhenyouhearaweatherforecastforsunshine.Commonsensedoesnotseemtobecommonforlargeorganizations,becausetherearesomanythingsgoingonthatonepersoncannotbeinchargeofeverything.Peoplesaythatinalargecompany,“therighthanddoesnotknowwhatthelefthandisdoing."Andwhatiswrongwithasocietythatthinksthatmakingupagoodexcuseislikecreatingaworkofart?Oneofthecommonproblemswithmakingexcusesisthatpeople,especiallyyoungpeople,gettheideathatit’sokaynottobetotallyhonestallthetime.Thereisacorollary(直接推論)tothat:ifagoodexcuseis“good”evenifitisn’thonest,thenwhereistheplaceofthetruth?1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingseemsthemosthuman?A.Tosearchfortruth.B.Toachieveone’sideal.C.Tomakefunofothers’mistakes.D.Tocriticizeothersforone’sownerror.2.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisasignofaman’smaturity?A.Doingthingshisownway.B.Bearingresponsibilityforhismistakes.C.Makingasfewmistakesaspossible.D.Thinkingseriouslyabouthiswrongdoings.3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTbasedoncommonsense?A.Amantriestotakechargeofeverythinginalargecompany.B.Astudentgoesoutwithanumbrellainstormyweather.C.Acompany’snextmovefollowsagoodplan.D.Alawyeractsonfinejudgments.4.Whatistheauthor’sopinionaboutagoodexcuse?A.Makingagoodexcuseissometimesabetterpolicy.B.Inventingagoodexcuseneedscreativeideas.C.Agoodexcuseisasrewardingashonesty.D.Bittertruthisbetterthanagoodexcuse.5.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.AMirrorofHumanNatureB.ToBlameortoForgiveC.AMarkofMaturityD.TruthofExcuse【參考答案】64.1-5DBADA閱讀理解【2022·臨沂3月質(zhì)量檢測】ItcanbehardtoencouragefamiliesofpreschoolerstoturnofftheTV，butthereareplentyofhigh-qualityshowsthatpromotelearningandpositiverelationshipsratherthanviolence，researchersnoted.“Althoughclearlykidswatchtoomuch，what’smoreworryingisthattheywatchpoorqualityshows，”saidDrChristakis，theleadresearcheronthenewstudyfromtheUniversityofWashingtoninSeattle.Hisformersurveyofparentsofthree-tofive-year-oldchildrenshowedthekidsoftenwatchedviolentcartoonsandmoviesthatare“totallyinappropriate”．Fortheirstudy，heandhiscolleaguesrandomlydivide565preschoolersintotwogroups.Inonegroup，parentsrecordednotesaboutkids’normalTVviewing，withoutreceivinganyguidelinestoreduceorchangethosehabits.Intheothergroup，researchersmadevisitsandcallsandsentmonthlynewslettersencouragingparentstoreplaceviolentTVwitheducationalprogramming.Aftersixand12months，parentsreportedtheirkid’sangry，aggressiveoranxiousbehaviorsonaquestionnaire.Atbothtimepoints，childrenintheTVintervention(干預(yù))programhadslightlyfewerproblemsthanthoseinthecomparisongroup.Boysinlow-incomefamiliesseemedtobenefitmostfromthechangeinprogramming，theresearchersfound.“Thepointis，thisissomethingthatisaseffectiveasotherthingswedototrytoguidebehaviorinchildren，andit’sfairlysimple，”Christakissaid.AnotherstudypublishedinPediatricsfoundthemoreTVkidsandteenswatched，themorelikelytheyweretohaveacrimeorotherproblemsinsociety.Childrenmayimitateviolencetheysee—ormoretimeinfrontoftheTVcouldsimplymeanlesscommunicationwithpeersandfamilies，andworseperformanceinschool.TheAmericanAcademyofPediatricsrecommendskidswatchnomorethanonetotwohoursofhigh-qualityprogrammingeachday.ResearchersagreedparentsshouldbemindfulofwhatexactlytheiryoungkidsarewatchingonTVaswell.“It’snotjustaboutturningtheTVoff，it’saboutchangingthechannel，”Christakissaid.1．Whatisthepositiveeffectofhigh-qualityTVshowsonkids?A．Goodlearningresultsandrelationships.B．Beingaffectedbyviolence.C．SpendinglesstimeonTVprogramming.D．EncouragingthemtoturnontheTV.2．ForChristakis，whatismoreconcerning?A．KidswatchingtoomuchTV.B．TVshowsbeingofpoorquality.C．Kidswatchingtoomanycartoons.D．Parentsreceivingnoguidelines.3．WecanlearnfromthesurveymentionedinPara.3that________.A．Childrendon’tlikebeingdisturbedwhilewatchingTVB．PreschoolersseemstolikenewslettersmorethanTVC．PoorchildrenprefertowatcheducationalprogrammingD．Kidswatchinghigh-qualityprogramshavefewerproblems4.Christakisthoughttheeffectofeducationalprogrammingonchildren’sbehaviourwas________.A．unclear B．slightC．obvious D．great5．Accordingtotheresearchers，________.A．gettingpreschoolersawayfromTVisdifficultB．showsonTVinAmericaarefullofviolenceC．parentsshouldcommunicatemorewiththeirkidsD．parentsshouldkeepaneyeonwhatkidswatchonTV語篇解讀本文是一篇調(diào)查報告。爭辯人員通過調(diào)查爭辯發(fā)覺：高質(zhì)量的電視節(jié)目對學(xué)齡前兒童的學(xué)習(xí)和待人處事，有很大的促進(jìn)作用。同時文中還提示家長：關(guān)掉電視不是明智之舉，關(guān)鍵要關(guān)注孩子觀看的節(jié)目內(nèi)容。1．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“...butthereareplentyofhigh-qualityshowsthatpromotelearningandpositiverelationships”可知，A項正確。答案：A2．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段第一句“...what’smoreworryingisthattheywatchpoorqualityshows’．..”可知，B項正確。題干中的concerning與“worrying”同義。答案：B3．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)其次句“Atbothtimepoints，childrenintheTVintervention(干預(yù))programhadslightlyfewerproblemsthanthoseinthecomparisongroup.”可知，與對比組相比，所看電視節(jié)目受到干預(yù)的孩子的問題相對較少。答案：D4．解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段和最終一段可知，Christakis認(rèn)為，訓(xùn)練類的電視節(jié)目對孩子行為的影響是顯而易見的。答案：C5．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段其次句“ResearchersagreedparentsshouldbemindfulofwhatexactlytheiryoungkidsarewatchingonTVaswell.”可知，家長應(yīng)當(dāng)關(guān)注孩子所看電視節(jié)目的內(nèi)容。答案：D。【上海市嘉定區(qū)】Directions:Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.Manychildrenfirstlearnthevalueofmoneybyreceivinganallowance（津貼）．Thepurposeistoletchildrenlearnfromexperienceatanagewhenfinancialmistakesarenotverycostly．Inanycase，parentsshouldmakeclearwhat，ifanything，thechildisexpectedtopayforwiththemoney．Atfirst，youngchildrenmayspendalloftheirallowancesoonaftertheyreceiveit．Iftheydothis，theywilllearnthehardwaythatspendingmustbedonewithinabudget．Parentsareusuallyadvisednottooffermoremoneyuntilthenextallowance．Theobjectistoshowyoungpeoplethatabudgetdemandschoicesbetweenspendingandsaving．Olderchildrenmayberesponsibleenoughtosavemoneyforlargercosts，likeclothingorelectronics．Allowancesgivechildrenachancetoexperiencethethingstheycandow