03 中國無人機在各領(lǐng)域的廣泛使用-2023年中考英語熱點材料題型專練

03中國無人機在各領(lǐng)域的廣泛使用2023年中考英語熱點材料題型專練背景材料：這才是大國實力！國產(chǎn)大型四發(fā)無人機首飛，全球第一家航空工業(yè)技術(shù)的發(fā)展是大國實力的體現(xiàn)，其中就包括無人機，而我們的無人機技術(shù)一直是全球一流的水平，無論是在軍用、無人機領(lǐng)域，國產(chǎn)無人機技術(shù)都有極高的造詣。據(jù)相關(guān)媒體報道——近日我國科創(chuàng)企業(yè)研發(fā)的全球第一款大型四發(fā)無人機已經(jīng)首飛成功，此次試飛活動在四川進行。此次試飛的無人機代號為“雙尾蝎D”，是“雙尾蝎”系列型號優(yōu)化的成果，主要為執(zhí)行支援保障工作。作為“全球第一家”的新型無人機，“雙尾蝎D”有多個亮點，首先就是它是中國企業(yè)擁有完全知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的產(chǎn)品，也就是說，“雙尾蝎D”是一款“血統(tǒng)純正”的國產(chǎn)無人機——它所用到的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)成果，全部都是我國自主研發(fā)的。其次，“雙尾蝎D”尺寸規(guī)格更大，該無人機使用了4臺發(fā)動機，可以由發(fā)電機驅(qū)動，無人機的翼展寬度超過了20米，長度超過10米，機身高度也在3米以上，起飛重量可達4噸以上——從外觀尺寸來看，“雙尾蝎D”已經(jīng)相當(dāng)于是一架小型固定翼飛機了。再一個，“雙尾蝎D”的載荷能力是十分出色的，它的載荷可達1.5噸，貨艙容積達到了5立方米——在擁有足夠大的載荷空間的情況下，“雙尾蝎D”可以執(zhí)行更多的運輸保障任務(wù)，這也非常符合其重點關(guān)注支援保障的定位。相比較普通的有人駕駛飛機而言，無人機，尤其是大型無人機能夠節(jié)省的人工成本更高——而且隨著技術(shù)的提升發(fā)展，無人機在運送物資、巡航拍攝等方面發(fā)揮的作用，也已經(jīng)開始能夠媲美有人駕駛飛機了。由于無人機不考慮乘員問題，所以集成化、模塊化的程度更高，能夠覆蓋的任務(wù)領(lǐng)域也更加廣泛，包括軍用領(lǐng)域、民用領(lǐng)域，都是無人機一展身手的舞臺。我國自主研發(fā)的“彩虹”系列無人機，就被廣泛應(yīng)用于軍民領(lǐng)域，其中“彩虹-5”無人機近年來受到廣泛歡迎，“彩虹-5”也是一種大型國產(chǎn)無人機，作為一種中高端大型無人機，“彩虹-5”如果作為軍用無人機的的話，可以憑借其優(yōu)秀的飛行滯空能力，以及高達1噸的載荷水平，實現(xiàn)察打一體，長時效執(zhí)行偵察打擊任務(wù)。而如果作為民用無人機使用的話，“彩虹-5”也可以大量應(yīng)用于海事巡邏等領(lǐng)域。由于性能出色，“彩虹”系列無人機受到國際社會廣泛歡迎，有十幾個國家的十幾個客戶選擇購買中國無人機。這才是大國實力——近年來我國的無人機技術(shù)發(fā)展十分迅速，各類產(chǎn)品也“遍地開花”。如今“雙尾蝎D”首飛，也標(biāo)志著我國的無人機發(fā)展又取得了新的成果。相信在今后，我們在無人機領(lǐng)域的成就還將繼續(xù)錦上添花，再創(chuàng)佳績。一、完形填空Lastyear,agroupofelephantsmadeadecision(決定):gonorth!Aftermonthsoftraveling,they____1____it500kilometersawayfromtheirhomeinXishuangbanna,Yunnan.Anditseemsthattheyarenotgoingto____2____theirtripanytimesoon.“Asianelephantsoftenstaywithincertainareas.It’svery____3____toseethemtravelsuchalongway,”saidChenMingyong,alifesciencesprofessoratYunnanUniversity.Scientistsare____4____notsurewhytheyaredoingthis.Somebelieveit’sbecausetheyarelookingforbetterfood.AccordingtoZhaoHuaidongfromtheInternationalFundforAnimalWelfare,thenumberofAsianelephantsis____5____becauseofhumanprotectionefforts(努力).Sotheiroldhomesmightnothaveenoughfoodforthem.Meanwhile,thecrops,vegetablesandfruitthatpeoplegrowarequiteattractivetoelephants.____6____possibility,accordingtoChen,isthattheyhavelosttheirway.Somescientistsalsobelievethattheyaretravelingduetomigratoryinstinct(遷徙本能).RecentsolaractivityhaschangedEarth’smagneticfield(磁場).Thismightmaketheelephantsthinkthatthey____7____migrate.Duringtheirlongjourney,the15elephantshavealreadydamaged561,333squaremetersofcropsandcausedeconomiclossesofnearly6.8millionyuan.Butsincetheyare____8____Class-AprotectioninChina,thesameasthegiantpanda,weneedtoprotectthem.Toensurethesafetyofbothhumansandtheelephants,peoplehavefedthemtonsoffoodtoguidethem____9____fromtownsandcities.Seventy-sixpolicecarsandtrucksandninedrones(無人機)havebeenusedtokeepan____10____ontheelephants.Scientistsalsosuggestthatweshoulduseharmlessfences(柵欄)toguidethemontheirwayhome.1．A．went B．walked C．made D．ran2．A．start B．change C．stop D．turn3．A．interesting B．unusual C．common D．surprised4．A．maybe B．still C．a(chǎn)lready D．instead5．A．raising B．keeping C．falling D．rising6．A．Another B．Theother C．Other D．One7．A．may B．should C．shall D．will8．A．below B．under C．through D．a(chǎn)mong9．A．a(chǎn)way B．out C．into D．a(chǎn)round10．A．ear B．eye C．a(chǎn)rm D．a(chǎn)nswer【短文大意】本文主要講述了一群大象向北遷徙來到了距離云南西雙版納500公里的地方的事情?！敬鸢附馕觥?．句意：經(jīng)過幾個月的旅程，它們來到了距離云南西雙版納500公里的地方。went去；walked散步；made使得；ran跑。根據(jù)“Aftermonthsoftraveling,they...it500kilometersawayfromtheirhome”可知是指大象們經(jīng)過幾個月的旅程，終于來到了距離云南西雙版納500公里的地方，makeit“（經(jīng)歷艱難困苦后）成功……”。故選C。2．句意：而且看起來它們短期內(nèi)不會停止它們的旅行。start開始；change改變；stop停止；turn轉(zhuǎn)變。根據(jù)“Anditseemsthattheyarenotgoingto...theirtripanytimesoon.”可知大象們短期內(nèi)不會停止下來，故選C。3．句意：看到它們旅行這么遠是很不尋常的。interesting有趣的；unusual不同尋常的；common普通的；surprised驚訝的。根據(jù)“Asianelephantsoftenstaywithincertainareas.”可知亞洲象經(jīng)常待在特定的區(qū)域，所以它們旅行這么遠是很不尋常的，故選B。4．句意：科學(xué)家們?nèi)匀徊淮_定它們?yōu)槭裁催@樣做。maybe也許；still仍然；already已經(jīng)；instead代替。根據(jù)“Scientistsare...notsurewhytheyaredoingthis”以及后句的介紹可知，目前科學(xué)家們?nèi)匀徊淮_定大象們?yōu)槭裁催@樣做，故選B。5．句意：國際愛護動物基金會的趙懷東表示，亞洲象數(shù)量的增加是因為人類的保護措施。raising提升；keeping保持；falling落下；rising升起。根據(jù)“becauseofhumanprotectionefforts(努力)”可知因為人類的保護措施，所以亞洲象數(shù)量增加了，此處應(yīng)用不及物動詞rise，raise是及物動詞，一般指的是人為地把某個對象抬高。故選D。6．句意：陳說，另一種可能是它們迷失了方向。Another三者及以上的另一個；Theother兩者中的另一個；Other其他的，后常加名詞復(fù)數(shù)；One一個。根據(jù)前文介紹可知，關(guān)于大象的旅行，有好幾種猜測，所以此處是指另一種可能性，應(yīng)用another，故選A。7．句意：這可能會讓大象認為它們應(yīng)該遷徙。may可能；should應(yīng)該；shall將要，用于第一人稱；will將。根據(jù)“RecentsolaractivityhaschangedEarth’smagneticfield(磁場)”可知太陽活動已經(jīng)改變了地球磁場，這會讓大象認為它們應(yīng)該遷徙。故選B。8．句意：但因為它們和大熊貓一樣，在中國是一級保護動物，所以我們需要保護它們。below在……下面；under在……下面；through通過；among在……中。根據(jù)“Butsincetheyare...Class-AprotectioninChina,thesameasthegiantpanda,weneedtoprotectthem”可知是指在……的保護下，英文表達為undertheprotectionof...。故選B。9．句意：為了確保人和大象的安全，人們喂了它們成噸的食物，引導(dǎo)它們離開城鎮(zhèn)和城市。away遠離；out外出；into進入；around周圍。根據(jù)“peoplehavefedthemtonsoffoodtoguidethem...fromtownsandcities.”可知是指人們引導(dǎo)大象遠離城鎮(zhèn)和城市。故選A。10．句意：76輛警車和卡車以及9架無人機被用來監(jiān)視大象。ear耳朵；eye眼睛；arm手臂；answer回答。根據(jù)“Seventy-sixpolicecarsandtrucksandninedrones(無人機)havebeenusedtokeepan...ontheelephants.”可知警車、卡車和無人機都是來監(jiān)視大象的，keepaneyeon“注意，留意”，故選B。二、閱讀單選A篇Drones(無人駕駛飛機)candolotsofthings,includingtakingpicturesfromtheskyandwatchingwildanimals.Nowthesesmallflyingrobotsbegintochangethewayoffarming.LookingforsickplantsDronescanfindbacteria(細菌)thatareharmfultoplantsintheairfromafewkilometersaway.Farmscancheckthedrones’airsamples(樣本)andtrytofindwaystoprotecttheirplansbeforethebacteriagettothem.CountingcowsWhenflyingovercows,dronescanfollowupthecows.Therearealsospecialcamerasondrones.Theycanhelpfarmerslookforanimalsthatcouldharmtheircows.WaterwatchAfterwateringthefields,wecanoftenseesomeplacesmaydryoutfasterthanothers.Otherplacesmightnotgetwateratall.Dronescanlookoverthefieldandmakea3-Dmap.Usingthemap,farmerscanfindoutwhichpartsofafieldaredryorneedmorewater.Sprayingpesticide(噴灑農(nóng)藥)Differentpartsofafieldmighthavedifferentaltitude(海拔).Dronescancheckforthiswhenflyingabovetheland.Theychangetheirheightandthentheyspraythecorrectamountofpesticideovereachpartofthefield.Thisismoreusefulthantraditionalpesticidespraying.Dronescanfinishsprayingafieldmuchfasterthanwithtraditionalmachines.11．Howmanywaysoffarmingdothedroneschangeaccordingtothepassage?A．3. B．4. C．5. D．612．Whatdothedronesdotolookaftercows?A．Theylookforanimalsthatmayhurtcows. B．Theycheckthedrones’airsamples.C．Theygetwaterthatcowsneed. D．Theydraw3-Dmaps.13．Whatdothedronesdobeforetheyspraypesticideovereachpartofthefield?A．Theykeepplantsawayfromthebacteria. B．Theyusetraditionalmachines.C．Theychangetheirheight. D．Theyfindoutdryplaces.【短文大意】本文主要講述了無人機改變農(nóng)業(yè)的方式?！敬鸢附馕觥?1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題可知，有4種方法，故選B。12．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theycanhelpfarmerslookforanimalsthatcouldharmtheircows.”可知，它們可以幫助農(nóng)民尋找可能傷害奶牛的動物。故選A。13．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theychangetheirheightandthentheyspraythecorrectamountofpesticideovereachpartofthefield.”可知，他們改變高度，然后在田地的每個部分噴灑正確數(shù)量的農(nóng)藥。故選C。B篇Doyouremembertheelephant“tourgroup”inYunnan?Wherearetheynow?Theyarebackattheirhome!InMarch,2020,afamilyof15wildAsianelephantslefttheirhabitatinXishuangbanna,YunnanProvince.Sincethen,theyhadkeptgoingnorth,throughmountains,forests,riversandevencitystreets.Alongtheirjourney,theyranintovillagesandatefarmers’corn.Butnooneblamed（責(zé)怪）them.“ItisOK.Theyarejusthungry,”afarmersaid.Scientistsguessedthattheelephantswerelosingtheirhabitat,sotheymightgonorthtolookforanewhomewithmorefood.Orthegroupmightloseitswaybecauseitsleaderhadnoexperience！Tohelptheelephantsgethomeandprotectthem,thegovernmentused76policecarsandtrucks,aswellasfivediggersandninedrones（無人機）.Policeandscientistscloselywatchedthem.Theywatchedthegroup’smovementandsentwarnings（警示）tonearbypeoplenottogetclosetotheelephants.Theyalsohelpedthemwithfoodanddrink.Finally,theelephantsendedtheirtripsafelyandhappilyafter17monthsanda500-kilometerjourney.TheAsianelephantisthelargestlandanimalinAsia.YunnanistheonlyhabitatforwildAsianelephantsinChina.Theprovincehasbuilt11naturereserves.Thereareonly300oftheminChina.TheWWFisworkinghardtosavethem.14．Inthearticle,theunderlinedword“habitat”means________.A．school B．home C．friends D．villagers15．Howmanypossiblereasonsfortheelephants’movetothenortharethereinParagraphThree?A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.16．Tohelptheelephants,thegovernmentdidthefollowingEXCEPT________.A．givingthemfoodanddrinks B．watchingthemcloselyC．usingdifferentmachines D．buildingroadsforthem17．WhichisTRUEaboutAsianElephants?A．Theyaredangeroustohumans. B．Peopleworkhardtoprotectthem.C．TheyliveindifferentprovincesinChina. D．Theyarethelargestanimalsintheworld.18．Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．WelcomeBackHome! B．ElephantsontheWay!C．ElephantsareOurFriends! D．ProtecttheElephants!【短文大意】本文主要講述了202年3月份一個由15只野生亞洲象組成的家庭離開了它們在西雙版納的棲息地，去尋找新的家園，這一路上政府施以援手。云南省已經(jīng)設(shè)立了11個自然保護區(qū)，在中國只有300個。世界自然基金會正在努力拯救它們?！敬鸢附馕觥?4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“InMarch,2020,afamilyof15wildAsianelephantslefttheirhabitatinXishuangbanna”及“sotheymightgonorthtolookforanewhomewithmorefood”可知，離開了原本的棲息地，去尋找新的家園，所以劃線單詞與home同義，故選B。15．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“theelephantswerelosingtheirhabitat”及“Orthegroupmightloseitsway”可知，第三段一共提到了兩點原因，故選A。16．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Tohelptheelephantsgethomeandprotectthem,thegovernmentused76policecarsandtrucks,aswellasfivediggersandninedrones（無人機）.Policeandscientistscloselywatchedthem”及“Theyalsohelpedthemwithfoodanddrink”可知，不包括“為它們建馬路”，故選D。17．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Theprovincehasbuilt11naturereserves…TheWWFisworkinghardtosavethem”可知，政府和世界自然基金會都在努力拯救亞洲象，也就是說人們努力來保護它們，B表述正確，故選B。18．最佳標(biāo)題題。通讀全文可知，本文通過講述野生亞洲象組團離開棲息地的情況來呼吁人們要保護亞洲象，所以D選項“保護大象”符合本文標(biāo)題，故選D。C篇Ifdrones(無人機)havefeetlikebirds,couldtheyflyfurtheranddomorethings?ScientistsfromStanfordUniversityintheUShavemadesuchdrones.Theyaddedrobotic(機械的)“claws”tosomedrones.Ifthedroneishelpingpeoplecollectdata(數(shù)據(jù))inforests,forexample,theycanstandontreebranches(樹枝)insteadofflyingallthetime.Thissaveslotsofpower(電量).Makingdronesflyandlandlikebirdsisnoteasy.Branchesarealldifferentinsizeandshape.Theymightalsobeslippery(滑的)fromrain.Theteamusedhigh-speedcamerastostudyhowbirdslandandtakeoff.Theyfoundthatbirdscurl(卷曲)theirclawsaroundabranch.Theyalsohavesofttoepads(肉墊)tohelpthemholdmoreeasily.Theteamthen3D-printedtheclaws.Theyhavemotors(發(fā)動機)thatactlikemuscles(肌肉),andwires(導(dǎo)線)thatactliketendons(肌腱).Thegrabbingactiontakes20milliseconds(毫秒).Oncethedronegrabsthebranch,thebalancingsystem(平衡系統(tǒng))starts.Ittilts(傾斜)thedroneforwardsothatthedronewon’tfall,justlikerealbirds.Nowifyouthrowthingslikebagsorballsatthe“birdbot(仿生駝鳥機器腿)”,itcansuccessfullycatchthem.Itcanlandinforests,too.Scientistshopethenewtoolcanhelppeoplestudythenaturalenvironmentmoreeasily.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳選項，并在答題卡上將選定答案的字母標(biāo)號涂黑。19．WhatcanwelearnaboutdroneswithroboticclawsfromParagraph2?A．Theyareusefulinforests. B．Theycan’tflyforlonghours.C．Theyneedlotsofpowertowork. D．Theyhavetostayawayfrombirds.20．AccordingtoParagraph3,scientistsusedhigh-speedcamerasto________.A．collectdataaboutforests B．recordthesizesofdifferenttreebranchesC．studyhowbirdstakeoffandland D．findouthowdronesworkintherain21．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“grabs”meaninChinese?A．飛行 B．打印 C．抓住 D．掉落22．Howdobirdsbalancethemselvesonatreebranch?A．Byhavingsofttoepads. B．Bycurlingtheirclaws.C．Byopeningtheirwings. D．Bytiltingtheirbodiesforward.23．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Droneshavedifficultybalancingthemselveswhileflying.B．Droneswithclawsmighthelpscientistsdomorethings.C．Scientistswill3D-printroboticclawsforbirdswithoutfeet.D．Scientistswilluserealbirdstostudythenaturalenvironment.【短文大意】本文介紹了科學(xué)家們發(fā)明像鳥一樣有腳的無人機的情況，科學(xué)家們希望這種新工具能幫助人們更容易地研究自然環(huán)境?！敬鸢附馕觥?9．段落大意題。根據(jù)“Theyaddedrobotic(機械的)“claws”tosomedrones.Ifthedroneishelpingpeoplecollectdata(數(shù)據(jù))inforests...”可知，帶有機器爪的無人機對在森林中收集數(shù)據(jù)是有用的，故選A。20．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theteamusedhigh-speedcamerastostudyhowbirdslandandtakeoff.”可知，科學(xué)家們使用高速攝像機研究鳥類如何起飛和降落，故選C。21．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Oncethedronegrabsthebranch,thebalancingsystem(平衡系統(tǒng))starts.Ittilts(傾斜)thedroneforwardsothatthedronewon’tfall,justlikerealbirds.”可知，一旦無人機抓住樹枝，平衡系統(tǒng)就會啟動。單詞“grabs”指的是“抓住”，故選C。22．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Ittilts(傾斜)thedroneforwardsothatthedronewon’tfall,justlikerealbirds.”可知，無人機向前傾斜，這樣無人機就不會像真正的鳥類一樣墜落，說明鳥類是通過身體向前傾斜保持平衡的，故選D。23．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Ifdrones(無人機)havefeetlikebirds,couldtheyflyfurtheranddomorethings?ScientistsfromStanfordUniversityintheUShavemadesuchdrones.”及整個文章的理解可知，主要是介紹科學(xué)家們發(fā)明像鳥一樣長有腳的無人機，以便幫助人們更容易地研究自然環(huán)境，故選B。D篇Haveyoueverseendronesinthesky?Whatcantheybeusedfor?Cantheyonlybeusedfortakingfantasticphotos?Canasmallgroupofdronesmakethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwaycompaniessavebillionsofeuroseachyear?Thatistheverylikelyfutureofapplyingtoday’s“eyesinthesky”technologytomakesurethatthemillionsofkilometersofrailtracksandinfrastructureworldwidearesafefortrainsallthroughtheday.Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoinspectpowerlines.Theycoulddoexactlythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandotherimportantaspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.Themoreregularlytheycanbeinspected,themorerailwaysafety,reliabilityandon-timeperformancewillbeimproved.Costswouldbecutandoperationswouldbemoreefficientacrosstheboard.Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwayworkers’safety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendaround20billioneurosayearonmaintenanceforsendingmaintenanceworkers,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwiththehelpofdrones.Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-valueservicesforrailways,exploringfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.Toperformthesetasks,dronesforraildon’tneedtobeflyingoverhead.Engineersarenowworkingonanewidea:theraildronesofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,andprogrammedtolettrainsrunautomatically.VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldfindanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.24．Thewriterintroducedthefirstparagraphby________.A．a(chǎn)skingquestions B．listingnumbers C．comparingfacts D．tellingastory25．Dronescanbeusedinrailwaysbecause________.A．it’ssafertousedronesB．it’scheapertousedronesC．dronescardooperationsD．dronescaninspectpowerlines26．Theunderlinedword“maintenance”inparagraph3means________.A．workerssafetyB．railinfrastructureC．buyingdronesD．inspectionandrepair27．Whatarethefunctionsofrailwaydronesinthefuture?A．Tohelpmakemoremoney.B．Tolettrainsrunfaster.C．Tomaketrainsrunbythemselves.D．Toprovideearlywarnings.【短文大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了無人機將如何改變鐵路的未來?！敬鸢附馕觥?4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Haveyoueverseendronesinthesky...helprailwaycompaniessavebillionsofeuroseachyear?”可知，作者是使用問問題的方式來介紹第一段。故選A。25．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoinspectpowerlines...suchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.”可知，是因為無人機可以檢查電力線。故選D。26．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中“ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendaround20billioneuros...toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.”可知，是維修成本大幅下降，與D選項inspectionandrepair“檢查和修理”意思相近。故選D。27．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Engineersarenowworkingonanewidea:theraildronesofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,andprogrammedtolettrainsrunautomatically.”可知，未來無人機可以讓火車自動運行。故選C。E篇Qomolangmaistheworld’shighestmountain.Youmayhavelearnedfromyourtextbooksthatitsheightis8,844meters.Butnotallsidesareinagreementonthis.Differentresearchershavegivendifferentresults.Inaddition,theheightofthemountaincanchangeovertime.That’swhya30-memberChinesesurveyteamsetouttoreachthepeakofQomolangmatoremeasureitsheightonMay6,2020.Theywereequipped(配備)withthelatesttechnology,includingaglobalnavigationsatellitesystemreceiver(接收器)andaradar(雷達).Itisnotaneasytask.Theaverageairtemperatureonthemountainis-29℃—fourdegreeslowerthanthatinAntarcticaandpowerfulwindsblowallthetime.Insuchbadconditions,surveyingdrones(無人機)cannotworkatthepeakofthemountain.That’swhyit’sstillnecessarytosendhumanexpertstothepeaktogetreliable(可靠的)results.Butdoesadifferenceofafewmetersreallymatterwhenitcomestoahighmountain?Infact,measuringtheheightofQomolangmaisaboutmorethanjustgettingoneexactnumber.MountQomolangmaisatthepointwheretheEurasianplate(板塊)meetstheIndianplate.Itformed38millionyearsagoasthetwoplateshiteachother.Changesinthepeak’sheightcanshowwhetherthetwoplatesareheadingtowardorawayfromeachother.ThiscanhelpusunderstandthemovementofEarth’scrust(地殼).Thesurveyteamwillalsogetfirsthandinformationaboutenvironmentalconditionsatthetopofthemountain.ThiswillhelpusunderstandhowclimatechangehasaffectedtheTibet-QinghaiPlateau.28．Whatdoweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A．ResearchersmeasuretheheightofQomolangmaeveryyear. B．ThereisnoagreementuponheightofQomolangmaatpresent.C．It’snoteasytomeasuretheheightofQomolangma. D．TheheightofQomolangmaincreaseseveryyear.29．Whichofthefollowingwordscouldreplace“peak”inParagraph2?A．height B．top C．base D．edge30．WhatchallengewouldtheChinesesurveyteamface?A．Alackofwater. B．Dangerousanimals.C．Unfriendlyweatherconditions. D．ThemovementofEarth’scrust.31．Whatisthemainideaofthelasttwoparagraphs?A．WhymeasuringtheheightofQomolangmaisimportant. B．WhatisthechangeinQomolangma’speak.C．HowQomolangmabecamethehighestmountain. D．HowplatemovementshaveaffectedtheheightofQomolangma.32．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ThegrowingQomolangma B．DifferentopinionsonQomolangmaC．Remeasuringtheworld’shighestpeak D．Peoplewhoclimbedthehighestpeak【短文大意】本文主要講述了中國組織了30人的隊伍去珠穆朗瑪峰重新測量它的高度，這項任務(wù)不僅僅只是為了得到一個數(shù)字，它對研究大陸板塊的運動和氣候變化非常有幫助?！敬鸢附馕觥?8．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Youmayhavelearnedfromyourtextbooksthatitsheightis8,844meters.Butnotallsidesareinagreementonthis.Differentresearchershavegivendifferentresults.”（你可能從課本上了解到它的高度是8844米。但并非所有各方都同意這一點。不同的研究人員給出了不同的結(jié)果。）可知珠穆朗瑪峰的高度目前還沒有定論。故選B。29．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“toremeasureitsheight”可知，中國考察隊要重新測量珠穆朗瑪峰的高度，所以他們必須到達山頂，由此可判斷“peak”相當(dāng)于“top”，故選B。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Itisnotaneasytask.Theaverageairtemperatureonthemountainis-29℃—fourdegreeslowerthanthatinAntarcticaandpowerfulwindsblowallthetime.”可判斷，珠峰的天氣非常的惡劣，這對考察隊來說是非常大的挑戰(zhàn)，故選C。31．段落大意題。通讀最后兩段的內(nèi)容可知，作者主要闡述了測量珠穆朗瑪峰高度的原因，這是為了凸顯這項任務(wù)的重要性，故選A。32．最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)“That’swhya30-memberChinesesurveyteamsetouttoreachthepeakofQomolangmatoremeasureitsheightonMay6,2020.”以及全文可知，本文主要講述了中國組織了30人的隊伍去珠穆朗瑪峰重新測量它的高度，這項任務(wù)不僅僅只是為了得到一個數(shù)字，它對研究大陸板塊的運動和氣候變化非常有幫助。故選C。F篇Howcoolwoulditbetohaveaflyingrobot?What’sthefirstthingyouwoulddowithit?Maybesenditintowar,oruseittowatchyourneighborssecretly?Well,thisisnotjustafantasyanymore.Dronesareremote-controlledflyingrobots,andtheyaregettingmorepopulareveryday.Butisthisagoodthingforsociety?Thepopularityofdroneshasincreasedinrecentyearsastechnologyhasimprovedandgotcheaper.Acivil(民用的)dronewithahigh-qualitycameraandfourhelicopterpropellersnowsellsonlineforjustafewhundredUSdollars.Dronesareextremelyusefulformakingvideosbecausetheircameraslinkdirectlytophonesorcomputers.Nowadays,anyonecangetprofessional-lookingfly-bypicturesfromdifferentangles(角度).Butcouldthiscauseproblems?Becausedronesaresoaffordable,itmeansthatanyonecansendarobotflyingaroundtheneighborhood.Peoplemightbesurprisedtofindacameraflyingoutsidetheirwindow.Thisshouldbeaterribleworryforpeoplewhocareabouttheirprivacy.Manygovernmentsalsospendalotofmoneyondrones,butforverydifferentreasons.TheUnitedStatesusesmilitarydronesforspying.Itsmostpowerfuldrones,however,arePredatordrones,whichcanflyhigherthan15,000metersatover300kilometersperhour.Andno,theydon’tjusttakeprettyvideos.Apredatordronecanhold360kilogramsworthofbombs(炸彈),enoughtocompletelybreakdownanenemycamp.Themancontrollingthedronesitssafelyawayfromtheaction,soit’simpossibletoknowforsurewhoisgettingkilled.Commonpeoplemightbeindanger.Dronesarenew-borninventionswithanewtechnology.Peoplearestilldiscoveringtheirpossibleuses,andmaybesomedayyou’llcomeupwithanewcoolwaytouseyourownremote-controlledrobot.33．Howdoesthewriterintroducethetopicinthefirstparagraph?A．Bytellingastory. B．Byaskingquestions.C．Byshowingfacts. D．Bygivinganexample.34．Whatarethedronesyoucanbuyonlinemostlikelytobe?A．Theyareusuallysoldonlineataveryhighprice.B．Theycanbeusedtosecretlytakepicturesofpeople.C．Theyaredifficultlycontrolledifusedwithoutgoodtraining.D．Theycanbeusedforbothphotographyandmilitarypurposes.35．Whydoesthewriterusethesentence“Andno,theydon’tjusttakeprettyvideos.”?A．Tocomparemilitarydroneswithcivildrones.B．Tosuggestwhatmilitarydroneswilldointhefuture.C．Togiveanexampleofwhatmilitarydronescannotdo.D．Toshowthesamefactbetweenmilitarydronesandcivildrones.36．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．AGreatResearchMilitaryDronesB．APopularTechnology:VideoDronesC．ANewInvention:Remote-controlledDronesD．AUsefulProduct:Remote-controlledFlyingRobots【短文大意】本文介紹了無人機越來越受歡迎，并分析了它的利弊。【答案解析】33．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Howcoolwoulditbetohaveaflyingrobot?What’sthefirstthingyouwoulddowithit?Maybesenditintowar,oruseittowatchyourneighborssecretly?”可知，作者用提出問題的方式來引入話題。故選B。34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Becausedronesaresoaffordable,itmeansthatanyonecansendarobotflyingaroundtheneighborhood.Peoplemightbesurprisedtofindacameraflyingoutsidetheirwindow.Thisshouldbeaterribleworryforpeoplewhocareabouttheirprivacy.（因為無人機價格便宜，這意味任何人都可以讓機器人在附近飛行。人們可能會驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)攝像機在他們的窗外飛。對于那些關(guān)心自己隱私的人來說，這應(yīng)該是一個可怕的擔(dān)憂。）”可知，無人機有可能會被用來偷拍照片。故選B。35．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Apredatordronecanhold360kilogramsworthofbombs(炸彈),enoughtocompletelybreakdownanenemycamp.”可知，一架捕食者無人機可以裝載360公斤的炸彈，這是民用無人機所沒有的，故推知作者使用這句話是為了將軍用無人機和民用無人機進行比較。故選A。36．最佳標(biāo)題題。通讀全文可知，文章介紹了無人機越來越受歡迎，并分析了它的利弊，C項最適合作為標(biāo)題。故選C。三、閱讀回答問題A篇RobotsonthefarmWhatcandronesdo?Theirmanyusesincludetakingpicturesfromthesky,observing(觀察)wildanimalsanddeliveringpackages.Nowthesesmallflyingrobotsareleadinganewfarmingrevolution(革命),accordingtotheFoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations.Whenequipped(裝備)withcamerasandotherdata-gatheringdevices,dronesprovideuswithaneyeinthesky.Hereareafewofthefarming-relatedjobsdronescando.LookingforsickcropsDronescanscan(掃描)cropsusingdifferentkindsoflight.Then,theyproducemultispectralimages(多譜圖像)thatcanhelpusfindsicklyyellowplantswithinfieldsofgreen.Dronescanalsodetectbacteria(檢測細菌)thatareharmfultocropsintheairfromafewkilometersaway.Farmerscancheckthedrones’airsamples(樣本)andtrytofindwaystoprotecttheircropsbeforethebacteriagettothem.CountingcattleWhenflyingovercattle,dronescantrackthelivestockandfindoutwherefencesneedfixing.Peoplecanalsoequipdroneswiththermalimagers(熱像儀)andnight-visioncameras.Thiscanhelpfarmerslookforanimalsthatcouldharmtheircattle.WaterwatchMostfieldsaren’tperfectlyflat(平坦的).Afterwatering,someplacesmaydryoutfasterthanothers.Otherspotsmightnotgetwateratall.Dronescanscanthefieldandmakea3-Dmap.Usingthemap,farmerscanfigureoutwhichpartsofafieldaredryorneedimprovement.Sprayingpesticide(噴灑農(nóng)藥)Differentpartsofafieldmightbeuneven(不平坦)orhavedifferentaltitudes(高度).Dronescancheckforthiswhenflyingabovetheland.Then,theychangetheirheightandthereforespraythecorrectamountofpesticideovereachpartofthefield.Thisismoreefficientthantraditionalpesticidespraying.Dronescanfinishsprayingafielduptofivetimesfasterthanwithtraditionalmachinery,accordingtoastudyfromMIT.注：每題答案不得超過5個詞37．Whatarethesesmallflyingrobotsleadingnow?_________________________________________________________38．Accordingtothearticle,howmanythefarming-relatedjobsdronescando?_________________________________________________________39．Thereisanopinion“Dronescantrackthelivestock,buttheycan’tfindoutwherefencesneedfixingwhenflyingovercattle.”Doyouthinkitisright?__________________________________________________________40．Whatdothefarmersusetofigureoutwhichpartsofafieldaredryorneedimprovement?__________________________________________________________41．Comparetotraditionalpesticidespraying,whatistheadvantageofdrones?__________________________________________________________【短文大意】本文介紹了無人機可以做的和農(nóng)業(yè)相關(guān)的四項工作。【答案解析】37．根據(jù)“Nowthesesmallflyingrobotsareleadinganewfarmingrevolution(革命)…”可知現(xiàn)在這些小型飛行機器人正在引領(lǐng)一場新的農(nóng)業(yè)革命。故填A(yù)newfarmingrevolution.38．根據(jù)“Lookingforsickcrops、Countingcattle、Waterwatch、Sprayingpesticide”可知無人機能做四項與農(nóng)業(yè)相關(guān)的工作，故填Four./4.39．根據(jù)“Whenflyingovercattle,dronescantrackthelivestockandfindoutwherefencesneedfixing.”可知當(dāng)飛過牛群時，無人機可以追蹤牲畜，找出需要固定圍欄的地方。故填No,Idon’tthinkso.40．根據(jù)“Dronescanscanthefieldandmakea3-Dmap.Usingthemap,farmerscanfigureoutwhichpartsofafieldaredryorneedimprovement.”可知無人機可以掃描場地并制作三維地圖。使用地圖，農(nóng)民可以找出田地的哪些部分干燥或需要改善。故填The3-Dmap.41．根據(jù)“Thisismoreefficientthantraditionalpesticidespraying.Dronescanfinishsprayingafielduptofivetimesfasterthanwithtraditionalmachinery,accordingtoastudyfromMIT.”可知，無人機噴灑比傳統(tǒng)殺蟲劑噴灑要更高效，并且無人機完成噴灑一片土地的速度比傳統(tǒng)機器快五倍。這些就是無人機的優(yōu)勢。故填Moreefficientandmorefaster.B篇Riding