《鋼結(jié)構(gòu)安裝》課件-3.3.2 鋼柱的安裝

3.3.2單層鋼結(jié)構(gòu)鋼柱的安裝

3.3.2Installationofsingle-layersteelstructuresteelcolumns第一：?jiǎn)螌愉摻Y(jié)構(gòu)鋼柱的吊裝施工First:theliftingconstructionofsingle-layersteelstructuresteelcolumns第二：?jiǎn)螌愉摻Y(jié)構(gòu)鋼柱的校正Second:correctionofsingle-layersteelstructuresteelcolumns

一、單層鋼結(jié)構(gòu)鋼柱的吊裝施工

First:theliftingconstructionofsingle-layersteelstructuresteelcolumns1.綁扎1.Lashing

如果柱的寬面在起吊后的抗彎強(qiáng)度能滿(mǎn)足要求時(shí)，可采用斜吊綁扎法；當(dāng)柱的寬面起吊后抗彎能力不足時(shí)，需將柱由平放轉(zhuǎn)為側(cè)立，綁扎起吊時(shí)，可采用直吊綁扎法。對(duì)于重型或配筋少的細(xì)長(zhǎng)柱，則需兩點(diǎn)甚至三點(diǎn)綁扎。Ifthewidesurfaceofthecolumncanmeettherequirementswhenthebendingstrengthafterliftingcanmeettherequirements,theobliqueliftingandlashingmethodcanbeused;Whenthebendingresistanceofthecolumnafterliftingthewidesurfaceisinsufficient,itisnecessarytoturnthecolumnfromflattoside-standing,andwhenlashingandlifting,thestraighthanginglashingmethodcanbeused.Forslendercolumnsthatareheavyorpoorlyreinforced,two-pointoreventhree-pointlashingisrequired.

一點(diǎn)綁扎斜吊法Alittlelashingdiagonalhangingmethod一點(diǎn)綁扎直吊法Alittlelashingstraighthangingmethod

2.吊升2.Lifting

采用旋轉(zhuǎn)法吊裝柱時(shí)，柱腳宜靠近基礎(chǔ)，柱的綁扎點(diǎn)、柱腳中心與基礎(chǔ)中心三者宜位于起重機(jī)的同一起重半徑的圓弧上。起吊時(shí)，起重臂邊升鉤、邊回轉(zhuǎn)，柱頂隨起重鉤的運(yùn)動(dòng)也邊升起、邊回轉(zhuǎn)，把柱吊起插入基礎(chǔ)。Whenthecolumnishoistedbytherotarymethod,thecolumnfootshouldbeclosetothefoundation,andthelashingpointofthecolumn,thecenterofthecolumnfootandthecenterofthefoundationshouldbelocatedonthearcofthesameheavyradiusofthecrane.Whenlifting,theliftingarmraisesthehookandrotates,andthetopofthecolumnalsorisesandrotateswiththemovementoftheliftinghook,andthecolumnishoistedandinsertedintothefoundation.

旋轉(zhuǎn)法Rotationmethod滑行法Glidingmethod

2.吊升2.Lifting采用滑行法吊裝柱時(shí)，起重臂不動(dòng)，僅起重鉤上升，柱頂也隨之上升，而柱腳則沿地面滑向基礎(chǔ)，直至將柱提離地面，把柱子插入杯口。Whenliftingthecolumnbytheslidingmethod,theliftingarmdoesnotmove,onlytheliftinghookrises,andthetopofthecolumnalsorises,andthecolumnfootslidesalongthegroundtothefoundationuntilthecolumnisliftedoffthegroundandthecolumnisinsertedintothecupmouth.旋轉(zhuǎn)法Rotationmethod滑行法Glidingmethod

3.對(duì)位和臨時(shí)固定3.Alignmentandtemporaryfixation

鋼柱對(duì)位時(shí)，一定要使柱子中心線(xiàn)對(duì)準(zhǔn)基礎(chǔ)頂面安裝中心線(xiàn)，并使地腳螺栓對(duì)孔，注意鋼柱垂直度，在基本達(dá)到要求后，方可落下就位。通常鋼柱吊離杯底30～50mm。對(duì)位完成后，可用八只木楔或鋼楔打緊或擰上四角地腳螺栓作臨時(shí)固定。鋼柱垂直度偏差宜控制在20mm以?xún)?nèi)。重型柱或細(xì)長(zhǎng)柱除采用楔塊臨時(shí)固定外，必需時(shí)可增設(shè)纜風(fēng)繩拉錨。Whenthesteelcolumnisaligned,besuretoalignthecenterlineofthecolumnwiththetopsurfaceofthefoundationtoinstallthecenterline,andmaketheanchorbolttothehole,payattentiontotheverticalityofthesteelcolumn,andonlyafterbasicallymeetingtherequirementscanitfallintoplace.Usuallythesteelcolumnishoisted30~50mmfromthebottomofthecup.Afterthealignmentiscompleted,eightwoodenwedgesorsteelwedgescanbeusedtotightenorscrewonthefour-corneranchorboltsfortemporaryfixation.Theverticalitydeviationofsteelcolumnsshouldbecontrolledwithin20mm.Inadditiontotemporaryfixingbywedges,heavycolumnsorslendercolumnscanbeaddedwithcablewindropestopullanchorswhennecessary.擰緊地腳螺栓的緊固螺母進(jìn)行臨時(shí)固定Tightenthefasteningnutsoftheanchorboltsfortemporaryfixation打緊鋼楔或木楔進(jìn)行臨時(shí)固定Tightensteelorwoodenwedgesfortemporaryfixation增設(shè)纜風(fēng)繩固定鋼柱Cablewindropeswereaddedtofixsteelcolumns二、單層鋼結(jié)構(gòu)鋼柱的校正Second:correctionofsingle-layersteelstructuresteelcolumns柱基礎(chǔ)標(biāo)高調(diào)整Columnbaseleveladjustment柱身垂直度校正Columnverticalitycorrection平面位置校正Planepositioncorrection123校正順序：先校正偏差大的一面，后校正偏差較小的一面Correctionsequence:firstcorrectthesidewithlargedeviation,andthencorrectthesidewithsmalldeviation柱子的垂直度兩個(gè)方向校正，校正后再?gòu)?fù)查一次平面軸線(xiàn)和標(biāo)高Theperpendicularityofthecolumniscorrectedinbothdirections,andtheplaneaxisandlevelarereviewedagainaftercorrection1.柱基礎(chǔ)標(biāo)高調(diào)整1.Columnfoundationleveladjustment根據(jù)鋼柱實(shí)際長(zhǎng)度、柱底平整度、鋼牛腿頂部距柱底部的距離，控制基礎(chǔ)找平標(biāo)高。Accordingtotheactuallengthofthesteelcolumn,theflatnessofthecolumnbottom,andthedistancefromthetopofthesteelcorbelfromthebottomofthecolumn,thefoundationlevelingleveliscontrolled.

調(diào)整螺母，調(diào)整柱子標(biāo)高Adjustthenut,adjustthecolumnlevel下面螺母為緊固螺母，固定鋼柱Thelowernutisafasteningnutthatholdsthesteelcolumn上面螺母為止退螺母，防止緊固螺母松動(dòng)Theuppernutstopsthenuttopreventthefasteningnutfromloosening1.柱基礎(chǔ)標(biāo)高調(diào)整1.Columnfoundationleveladjustment調(diào)整方法：柱安裝時(shí)，在柱底板下的地腳螺栓上加一個(gè)調(diào)整螺母，把螺母的上表面的標(biāo)高調(diào)整到與柱底板標(biāo)高齊平，放上柱子后，利用柱底板下的螺母控制柱子的標(biāo)高，精度可達(dá)正負(fù)1mm以?xún)?nèi)。柱底板下面預(yù)留的空隙，用無(wú)收縮砂漿填實(shí)。Adjustmentmethod:Whenthecolumnisinstalled,addanadjustmentnuttotheanchorboltunderthecolumnbottomplate,adjusttheleveloftheuppersurfaceofthenuttobeflushwiththecolumnbottomplatelevel,andafterplacingthecolumn,usethenutunderthecolumnbottomplatetocontroltheelevationofthecolumn,andtheaccuracycanreachplusorminus1mm.Thevoidsreservedunderthecolumnfloorarefilledwithnon-shrinkagemortar.調(diào)整螺母，調(diào)整柱子標(biāo)高Adjustthenut,adjustthecolumnlevel下面螺母為緊固螺母，固定鋼柱Thelowernutisafasteningnutthatholdsthesteelcolumn上面螺母為止退螺母，防止緊固螺母松動(dòng)Theuppernutstopsthenuttopreventthefasteningnutfromloosening2.平面位置校正2.Planepositioncorrection在柱底板側(cè)面，用鋼沖打出互相垂直的十字線(xiàn)上的四個(gè)點(diǎn)，作為柱底定位線(xiàn)。在起重機(jī)不脫鉤的情況下，將柱底定位線(xiàn)與基礎(chǔ)定位軸線(xiàn)對(duì)準(zhǔn)緩慢落至標(biāo)高位置，就位后，若有微小的偏差，用鋼鍥子或千斤頂側(cè)向頂移動(dòng)校正。Onthesideofthecolumnbaseplate,fourpointsonthecrosshairsperpendiculartoeachotherarepunchedwithsteelasthecolumnbasepositioningline.Inthecasethatthecraneisnotunhooked,thecolumnbottompositioninglineandthefoundationpositioningaxisarealignedandslowlyfalltotheelevationposition,andafterbeinginplace,ifthereisaslightdeviation,useasteelshovelorjacktomovesidewaystothetoptocorrect.預(yù)先在柱底板側(cè)面和基礎(chǔ)上打上定位線(xiàn)Positioninglinesarepre-markedonthesidesandfoundationsofthecolumnbase柱底板定位線(xiàn)Columnbaseplatepositioningline基礎(chǔ)定位線(xiàn)Basepositioningline將柱底定位線(xiàn)與基礎(chǔ)定位線(xiàn)對(duì)準(zhǔn)Alignthebasepositioninglinewiththebasepositioningline3.柱身垂直度校正3.Columnverticalitycorrection