題型05 任務(wù)型閱讀之閱讀填表（講義）

?第05講任務(wù)型閱讀之閱讀填表【復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)】掌握閱讀填表類題型的考查方式明確閱讀填表題型解題技巧【考情分析】閱讀填表命題規(guī)律任務(wù)型閱讀題型大多采用填表形式。該題型往往對(duì)答案的字?jǐn)?shù)有所限制，空格里通常要求填入1個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，當(dāng)然有時(shí)也會(huì)要求考生填入不超過(guò)3個(gè)或4個(gè)單詞，因此，同學(xué)們?cè)诖痤}時(shí)，不僅要讀懂文章，知道在哪里尋找答案，還要注意“言簡(jiǎn)意賅、切中要害”，用規(guī)定的字?jǐn)?shù)答出所需要點(diǎn)，以確保答案在拼寫、人稱、單復(fù)數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)等方面“無(wú)懈可擊”。由于此題型要求高、難度大，往往成為中考英語(yǔ)的拉分題。若想在中考中獲得理想的成績(jī)，對(duì)該題型務(wù)必做到讀懂文章，掌握主旨，仔細(xì)推敲，尋找關(guān)鍵詞，學(xué)會(huì)組織語(yǔ)言寫出適當(dāng)?shù)脑~匯。閱讀填表題型命題方式夯基·必備基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理表格挖空處是根據(jù)原文中的關(guān)鍵詞句來(lái)設(shè)置的，因而答案往往是與原文中出現(xiàn)的詞語(yǔ)或意思相近的詞語(yǔ)，通常情況下有四種設(shè)題方式：1.標(biāo)題歸納題：一般位于表格的上欄或左欄，考生可根據(jù)表格下欄或右欄的內(nèi)容及文章段落中主題句和文章大意進(jìn)行分析，加以概括總結(jié)。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題：利用表格中所給的信息定位至原文，仔細(xì)辨別，尋找答案。3.推理判斷題：對(duì)比表格內(nèi)容與原文內(nèi)容的差異，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和邏輯推理得出答案。同義轉(zhuǎn)換題：對(duì)比表格內(nèi)容與原文內(nèi)容的差異，根據(jù)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行詞形的轉(zhuǎn)換，即：名詞?動(dòng)詞、名詞?形容詞、主動(dòng)?被動(dòng)、肯定?否定★標(biāo)題歸納文章標(biāo)題的歸納，一要關(guān)注文章的核心及高頻詞匯，二要根據(jù)主題句提煉主題。1.閱讀文章時(shí)，要注意文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或強(qiáng)調(diào)的信息，因而要在文中尋找覆蓋全文的核心詞匯或句子，或?qū)ふ遗c文章大部分內(nèi)容相關(guān)的信息。2.尋找文章的主題句是解答標(biāo)題歸納題的核心，主題句一般位于文章首末段或分散于各個(gè)段落中，需要考生加以總結(jié)提煉，得出答案?！锛?xì)節(jié)理解此類題目需要采用關(guān)鍵信息定位法，根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵信息定位到文章中的具體語(yǔ)句?！锿x替換根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵信息定位到文章中的具體語(yǔ)句，分析原文句子并結(jié)合題干句子結(jié)構(gòu)，確定空格處在句中所承擔(dān)的句子成分，根據(jù)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)義進(jìn)行適當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)換?！锿评砼袛啻祟愵}目要求考生對(duì)文中某一細(xì)節(jié)或?qū)懽饕鈭D給出合理判斷或推理，運(yùn)用邏輯推理能力得出蘊(yùn)含在文中沒(méi)有明確說(shuō)出的事實(shí)或暗示的含義。閱讀填表題型解題技巧1.閱讀文章時(shí),要學(xué)會(huì)理清文章的寫作思路和篇章結(jié)構(gòu),這通常是很重要的設(shè)題線索。(1)特別注意表格前的小標(biāo)題,它通常是文章的主題。讀懂了表格標(biāo)題有助于理解短文及表格的大意。(2)分析表格的項(xiàng)目?jī)?nèi)容,根據(jù)所提供的表格內(nèi)容提示理清表格的設(shè)計(jì)原理。(3)學(xué)會(huì)查讀。要帶著問(wèn)題有意識(shí)地在文章中尋找與答案相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ),或概括、歸納出關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)。2.做題時(shí)要充分利用解題的微技能。(1)詞形轉(zhuǎn)換能力任務(wù)型閱讀中好多答案都需要通過(guò)詞形轉(zhuǎn)換來(lái)完成。如:原文中用besurprisedtodosth.,根據(jù)表格題目設(shè)計(jì),轉(zhuǎn)換為Itissurprisingthat...。(2)英英釋義能力任務(wù)型閱讀中有些題目需要通過(guò)英英釋義來(lái)解決。如:原文中用了keepyourattention,根據(jù)表格題目設(shè)計(jì),要用listen。(3)逆向思維能力所謂逆向思維,即從另一個(gè)角度來(lái)思考問(wèn)題。如:原文中用了...andmostpeoplewillstayawayfromanangryface.表格中的題目設(shè)計(jì)成:Peopledon’tliketheonewithanangryface.提升·必考題型歸納（一）（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·統(tǒng)考一模）Theteenageyearsareusuallythemoststressfulyearsinaperson’slife.Asteensgothroughgreatchangesinbody,mindandsoon,theyareofteneasytogetangryandfullofstrongfeelings.Teensoftodayfacemorechallengesthanbefore.Technologicalimprovementsandevenclimatechangearebringingnewchangesandcausingmoretroubleforteenstodealwith.Onenewchallengeisaboutnewtechnologiesandwaysofworking,suchasAIthatwillchangethefuturejobs.Thechallengeforateentodayispreparingforanunknownfuture.Inthepast,ateencouldprepareforonlyonecareerpathandbequitecertaintostayinthesameareaofworkforalongtime.ThesituationisdifferenttodayasAIcontinuestotakeawayjobsthatdependonhumans.Teenswillhavetomeetthischallengebydevelopingasenseoflifelonglearning,beingwillingtolearnskillsthatmatchrealneedsandkeepingupwithtechnology.Finally,teenswillalsohavetoprepareforcareerpathsofmorepossibilities.Inaddition,astheeffectsofclimatechangebecomemorecommoninrecentyears,manyteensaroundtheworldareinfearoranger.Disastersandtheriseinsealevelshavedestroyedhomesandtakenawaylives.Manypeoplehavebeenhurtbytheseterribleclimaticevents,andevenifateenhasnotsuffered,heorsheisoftenworriedaboutwhatmayhappeninthefuture.Tomanagethegreatchallengesofthe21stcentury,teensshouldtreatchallengesaschances.Tokeepupwithtechnologicalimprovements,theyshouldcontinuetolearnnewskills.Asfordealingwiththeclimatechange,theycancometogethertothinkofnewwaystoacceptchangesandhelpcreateamoresustainable（可持續(xù)的）future.閱讀以上信息，用恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~完成下面的表格，每空一詞。Theorigins（來(lái)源）ofthechallenges●Oneisfromteenagers’ownchanges.●Theothersarefromtheimprovementsin___1___andclimate.The___2___broughtbythenewtypesofchallenges●TheriseofAImakesteenagersunsureoftheirfuture.Theyhavetodevelopthesenseoflifelonglearning,bewillingtolearnskillsthatmatchrealneeds.Theyalsohavetogiveuptheideaofpreparingfora___3___careerpath.●Theeffectsofclimatechangeleadteenagerstobeafraidorangry.Payingtoomuchattentiontothemmakesteenagers___4___staypeaceful.Thesolutionstothenewchallenges●Teensshouldtreatchallengesaschancesto___5___technologicalimprovement.●Theyshouldworktogethertoacceptchangesandcreateamoresustainablefuture._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（二）（2023·江蘇泰州·?？既＃╅喿x下面短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在文后表格中填入恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，每空一詞。Mostpeoplehavethegoodfortunetoberaisedbycaringparents,whogivethemnotonlytheirlovebutalsotheirtimespentindoingvariousthingsforthem.However,manywholovetheirparentshavetroublefindingthetimetospendwiththemthattheyknowtheydeserve(值得).Well,herearesomeideas.●AfamilymealForthosewholivewithinlessthananhour’stravellingdistancefromtheirparents,aweeklygettogetheraroundthedinnertableisreallynottoomuchtoask.Itcanbeatyourplaceortheirs,oryoucanhaveotherchoices.Takethechancetochataboutdailyhappenings,andrepayjustalittleofthetimetheygladlyspentonyou.Iftheylivereallycloseby,youcouldevendropinonthewayhomefromworkattimes.●AweeklyplannedphonecallForthosewholiveatagreaterdistancefromtheirparents,thereisnopossibilityofregularcontactinperson,butthisdoesnotmeananendtopersonalcontact.Yourparentswillbegladtohearthesoundofyourvoice,soplantocallthemonthetelephoneatleastonceaweek.Ifpossible,chooseapropertimewheneveryoneismorelikelytobeathome.Yourparentswillbeevenhappierifthiscouldbeavideocall.●E-mail,textandsocialnetworksIfyourparentsfeelquitecomfortableinthecyberworld,well,spendsometimewiththeminthatlocation.Exchangee-mails,photos,andevenFacebookfriendswiththem.Youdon’thavetoshareeverydetailofyourlifewiththem,justthebitsyouknowtheywillhaveinterestin.●Askforyourparents’adviceWhateverproblemsyoumaybehaving,largeorsmall,it’sasafebetthatyourparentshavebeenthroughitallbefore.Sotalktothemandaskfortheiradvice,andiftheymakethewayclearerforyou,itmightjustturnouttobethebestfewminutesyoueverspent.●SharerelaxationtimeThatis,plantimetogetherdoingsomethingyoubothenjoy.WomenpreparingforashoppingtriportotakeinafilmcouldeasilydothesamethingtogetherwithMum.Sometimesfathersandsonscouldenjoygolforfishingtogether.Goingoutforamealcanbeatimeforeveryonetohavefun,oryoucangettogetherforaweekendonceortwiceayearifdistanceseparatesyou.Thoughmostparentsdonotexpecttoplayaleadroleinthelivesoftheiradultchildren,theiryearsofloveandgladly-giventimedeserveafewthoughtfulminutesinreturn.Sospendtimewithyourparentsandmakethemclosertoyou.Find____6____forParentsProblem●Mostpeoplebroughtupbycaringparentsfindit____7____topaybacktheirparents.WaysHavedinnertogether●Gettogethertohavemealsweekly____8____atyourplacesorotherplaces.●Chataboutwhathashappenedinthepastfewdays.Makeaphonecall●Whenregularcontactinpersonis____9____becauseofthegreatdistance,makesureyourparentscanhearyourvoiceas____10____aspossible.●Chooseatime____11____forbothofyou.Thiswillgreatlymakeyourparentshappy.Contact____12____●Sharesomethinginterestingwithyourparentsthroughe-mail,textorsocialnetworks.Turntoyourparentsforadvice●Yourparentscanhelpyouwithdifferent____13____ofproblems,becausetheyaremoreexperiencedthanyouinonewayoranother.●Sharingyourtroublesandplansisagreatwaytoshowyourlove.Shareyoursparetime●____14____timetogetheranddothingsyoubothenjoy.Conclusion●Spendingtimewithyourparentsisagoodwayto____15____themfortheirdevotion._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（三）（2023·江蘇無(wú)錫·?？级＃┫韧ㄗx下面的短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在文章后表格的空格內(nèi)填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。每個(gè)空格只能填一個(gè)單詞。HaveyouevervisitedLongmenGrottoes（石窟）orYungangGrottoes?Around1,800yearsago,Chineseartistsmadestatuesinmountains.Overtheyears,thesestatueshavegonethroughearthquakes,floodsandwars.Nowinthe21stcentury,however,theyarefacinganevenbiggerproblem:tourism.Toomanytouristsgotovisitthosegrottoeseveryyearandthiscertainlydoesharmtothegrottostatues.How?Overmanycenturies,thesegrottostatuesslowlycorrode（侵蝕）becauseoftheacidiccontent（酸性物含量）ofair,waterandsoon.Butwhentheyareopentothepublic,thecorrosionprocessspeedsup.Accordingtoastudy,thecarbondioxidethatvisitorsbreatheouthasmadetheairmoreacidic.Also,visitorsbringinmicroorganisms（微生物）.Eventheirbodyheatcanincreasethegrottoes’temperature.Badbehaviourcancauseharmtothegrottostatuesaswell.Toomanyvisitorstouchthegrottostatuesandcausetheirsurfacestochangecolour.Whenwevisitthegrottoes,wecanoftenseeasignsaying,“NoFlash!”or“NoPhotos!”Thisisbecausethestronglightcanbebadforthestatues,especiallythosewithcolour.Thelightcaneasilymakethemlosecolour.Toprotectthoseancientculturaltreasures,recentlyChinahasaskedtheworkerswhotakecareofthosegrottoesnottoallowtoomanyvisitorstocomeeveryday.Andtokeepabalancebetweenprotectingreliesandeducatingthepublic,somegrottositeshavealsocreatedtheirowndigital（數(shù)字的）museums.Title:GrottoStatuesArein___16___ProblemsThegrottoescorrode___17___whentheyareopentothepublic.→Thecarbondioxidethatvisitorsbreatheout,themicroorganismsvisitorsbringinandvisitors’bodyheatmakethegrottoenvironmentmoreacidic.→Touristsbehavebadly.●Theytouchthegrottostatueswiththeirhands.●Thestronglightofcamerasmakesthegrottostatueslosecoloureasily.___18___→Controlthe___19___ofdailyvisitors.→___20___touristswithonlinetoursindigitalmuseums._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（四）（2023·江蘇無(wú)錫·江蘇省錫山高級(jí)中學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校?？既＃〩owimportantismusic?Whentheyareaskedthisquestion,studentsandparentsusuallyanswerthatmusicisnice,butnotveryimportant.Itisoftenconsideredonlyasentertainment,butnotthefirstchoiceforeducation.Thisopinionisshortsighted.Infact,musiceducationisnecessaryandimportantforallstudents.Musictellsuswhoweare.Musicreflects（反映）thecreators’thinkingandvalues,aswellasthesocialenvironmentitcamefrom.Forexample,justasMozartmusicrepresentsalifestyle,rockmusicrepresentsalifestyletoo.ThejazzinfluencethatGeorgeGershwinandothermusiciansintroducedintotheirmusicisobviouslyAmericanbecauseitcamefromAmericanmusicaltraditions.Musicprovidesakindofabilitytoknowtheworldinadifferentway.Scienceexplainshowthesunrisesandsets.Musicexplorestheemotive（情感的）meanings.Weneedeverypossiblewaytodiscoverandrespond（回應(yīng)）toourworldbecausenoonewaycangetitall.Musicisaformofthought,aspowerfulasscience.Itisawaywehumanbeings“talk”toeachother.Throughthelanguageweexpressourfeelings,ourdiscoveries,ourideas,ourimaginationandourhopessothattheycanbesharedwithothers.Whenwedonotletourchildrenreceivegoodmusiceducation,wetakeawayfromthemthemeaningsthatmusicexpresses.Sciencedoesnottelluswhatitmeanstobehuman.Musicdoes.Somusiceducationismuchmoreimportantthanpeoplegenerallyrealize.Title:MusiceducationisofgreatimportancePassageoutlineDetailedinformationIntroduction●Shortsightedopinion:Musicisonlyawayofentertainment,notthetopchoiceforeducation.●____21____:Musiceducationisimportantandnecessaryforallstudents.MainBodyAwaytotellwhoweareMusicnotonlyreflectsthesocialenvironmentitcamefrombutalsoexpressespeople'sthinkingandvalues.AwaytoknowtheworldWecan’tdiscoverandrespondtoourworldinjustoneway.●Scienceexplainshownature____22____.●Musicexplorestheemotivemeaningsofnature.Awayto____23____witheachother●Weusemusicto____24____ourfeelings,discoveries,ideas,imaginationandhopeswithothers.●Music,____25____fromscience,tellsuswhatitmeanstobehuman.ConclusionMusiceducationisimportant._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（五）（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·統(tǒng)考二模）Oneday,whenIwakeup,Ifindmyselftheruleroftheworld…Wewouldhavehalfanhourof“keepfit”everyday,awayfromtheInternet.MytheoryisthatalmostallInternetfightswouldbesolvedifwewereallforcedtowalkawayfromcomputersanddosomeexerciseinfreshair.Ithinkalotofourangercomesfromthefactthatwe’rejustnotgettingenoughofit.Wemustbekindtoanimals.Onceayear,wewouldhaveadaycompletelydevotedtoanimals;everybodywouldbeallowedtohavethedayoffandjustspendtheirtimewiththeirdog,catormouse.Sometimespeoplearetooshytosaythattheyloveanimalsasmuchastheylovehumans.AndIguessthatIamaswell.IwishIcouldtalkaboutthatmorefreely.I’malwayshappywhenImeetotherpeoplewhofeelthesameway,anddevotetheirlivestotakinginhomelesscatsanddogs,andraisingmoneyforanimalcharities.EverybodywouldhaveafreeMichelin-starred（米其林星級(jí)）dinner.Weliveinaworldwherewehearabouttheseplacesalot.It’sconsideredasthepinnacle（巔峰）ofexperiencetogoandenjoyfoodthere.Butinfact,foralmost99percentofpeopleinmycitydon’tgetthechance.It’sveryexpensiveandmightbefaraway,sopeoplejustdon’tgo.TheymightwatchitonTV,buttheyneverwitnessatwo-Michelin-starrestaurantforthemselves.SinceIcometopower,everybodywillgetafreeticketandenjoythemselvesintherestaurant.AllpeoplewouldspeakgoodEnglish.IstudiedEnglish—reallybadly—fornineyears,inaschoolinsouth-eastofChina,Iwasn’tveryhard-working,IjustdiditbecauseIkindofhadto.AndIreallyfeelsorryforthat,becausenowI’mcircledbybusinesspeoplespeakingEnglishallthetime.So,whenIcometopower,allpeoplewouldspeakEnglishwell,andthingswillworkout.閱讀以上信息，用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~完成下面的表格，每空一詞。A/An____26____aboutRulingtheWorld“Keepfit”project●Wespend30minutesdoingsportsinsteadofworkingbeforecomputers.●Allonlinefightswouldbeendedandwewon’tbe____27____anymore.NationalAnimalDay●Wecanhaveadayoffto____28____forpets.●Peoplearetooshytospeakouttheirloveforanimals.●Beingkindtoanimalsmakesmehappy.FreeMichelindinner●____29____peoplehavethechancetogotoaMichelin-starredrestaurantbecauseofthehighpriceandlongjourney.●Everyonecanenjoyadinnerwithoutpaying.Englishlearning●Mynine-yearlearningofEnglishisafailure.I____30____laterbecauseIfindituseful.●Thingswillgowellifwe’reallgoodatEnglish._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（六）（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Whenitcomestofootball,amancalledLionelAndresMessientersourminds.Messistartedtoplayfootballwhenhewasayoungchild.Then,sixyearslater,hedevelopedaseriousillnessattheageof11.Luckily,FootballClubBarcelonaofferedtopayforhismedicalbills.MessiandhisfathermovedtoBarcelonawhereMessijoinedtheclub.In2003,henotonlytookpartinhisfirstmatchbutalsowonit.Messiishighlycreative,andhastheskillstoplayeitherinthemiddleoronthetwowings.Asotherpeoplesay,Messiisthemosttalentedfootballplayerinnearly20years.MessihaswonFIFA’sGoldenBallaward(獎(jiǎng))andtheWorldCupchampionssuccessfully.In2022,MesiplayedinhisfifthandfinalWorldCupandwonfinally.However,asthemostexcellentfootballstar,Messiiskindandhelpful.In2007,Messisetupacharity(慈善組織)tosupportchildrenwithmedicaldifficulties.In2010,Messiworkedasanambassador(大使)forUNICEF.Also,Messialwaystriestoencouragehimselftobebetterandneverfeelstired.Heisonthewayto“TheKingofSoccer”.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成表格，每空一詞。Messi’sWayto“TheKingofSoccer”Backgrounds?Hestartedtoplayfootballattheageof___31___?In2003,hetookpartinhisfirstmatchas___32___aswonit.?In2022,heplayedinhisfifthandfinalWorldCupandwonfinally.Achievements?Hehasthe___33___toplayeitherinthemiddleoronthetwowings.?HehaswonFIFA’sGoldenBallawardandtheWorldCupchampionssuccessfully.Spirits?Heiskindand___34___?Hetriestoencouragehimselftobebetterallthe___35___._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（七）（2023·四川成都·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Carspoweredbygasoline（汽油）weresoldformanyyearsbeforecarsthatuseelectricity.Carcompaniesarenowmakingcarsthatarefullypoweredbyelectricityonly.Howdotheseelectriccarsmeasureupto（符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）traditionalgasolinecars?Electricandgasolinecarslooksimilarontheoutside.Theyhaveverydifferentpartsundertheirhoods（引擎蓋）,though.Electriccarshaveonemainmovingpart:themotor.Butgasolinecarshavehundredsofparts,oftenrequiringfrequentmaintenance（保養(yǎng)）.Havingfewerpartsmakestheelectriccarcheapertomaintainandlesslikelytohavemechanical（機(jī)械的）problems.Electriccarsareenergyefficient（高效的）,alsomakingthemcheapertooperate.Itcostsabout$1.00totravel43milesinanelectriccar.Butitcostsabout$1.25togo18milesinagasolinecar.Basically,anelectriccarcangotwiceasfarasagascarforthesameprice.Electriccarsdonothavetailpipeemissions（尾氣排放）,makingthemmorefriendlytotheenvironment,too.Whilesomedetailsmakeelectriccarsseemattractive,otherdetailsaren’tasfavourable.Forexample,someelectriccarscantravelonly60to120milesonafullcharge（充電）.Mostgascarscandrivehundredsofmilesonafulltank（油箱）.Anelectriccarhastostopmoreoftentogetrecharged.Therefore,agascarwouldbeabetteroption（選擇）ifyouhavefartodrive.Andelectriccarsaren’tasconvenient（方便的）topowerupasgascarsare.Thereareplentyofgasstations,butnotmanychargingstationsforelectriccars.Then,onceanelectriccarreachesachargingstation,itcantakeuptosixhourstocharge.Therearecertainlyadvantagestobothelectriccarsandgasolinecars.It’sgoodtoknowthatthereisachoice.Whichonedoyouprefer?It’suptoyou.※Introduction:Withtheappearanceofelectriccars,peoplewonderwhetherelectriccarscanreachthesame____36____asgasolinecars.※____37____:Electriccarsandgasolinecarslooksimilarintheirlooks.1.Havingfewerpartsreducesthecostoftheirmaintenanceandthe____38____ofhavingmechanicalproblems.2.Comparedwithgasolinecars,electriccarsaremoreenergysaving,makingthemcheapertooperate.3.Havingnotailpipeemissions,theydonoharmtotheenvironment.4.Gascarscancovera____39____distanceonafulltankthanelectriccarsonafullcharge.5.Therearemanygasstationsbuiltforgascarswhilenotenoughchargingstationsareprovidedforpeopletochargetheirelectriccars.※Conclusion:Bothgascarsandelectriccarshavetheirownadvantages.Yourchoicedependsonyour____40____._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（八）（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才學(xué)校?？寄M預(yù)測(cè)）完成表格。閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容，完成表格中所缺的信息。Doyoufindithardtosaynowheneversomeonecomestoyouforhelp?Doyoufeelguilty(內(nèi)疚的)whenyouhavetotellpeoplethatyoucan’thelpthem?Anddoyouoftensay“yes”whileyourtrueansweris“no”?Ifyouansweredyes,youmaybea“people-pleaser”.Beingfriendlyandhelpfulisagoodthing.Ithelpsyoubuildlastingfriendships.However,goingtoofar—tryingtopleaseothersevenatthecostofyourownhappiness—canleaveyoufeelingstressed.Luckily,therearesomestepsthatyoucantaketostopbeingapeople-pleaser.Tostartwith,it’simportanttocreate“boundaries(邊界)”inyourlife.Beclearaboutwhatyoureallyliketodo.Youcanalsotellothersthattheycanonlycometoyouduringacertainperiodoftime.Whensomeoneasksyouforhelp,tellhimorherthatyouneedsometimetothinkaboutit.Usethistimetoaskyourself:Doyoureallywanttodothis?Howmuchtimewillittake?Bygivingyourselfafewminutes,you’llbebetterabletodecide.Somepeoplealwaystrytopleaseothersbecausetheyhavelittleconfidenceinthemselves.Theyplacealowvalueontheirownhappiness.Inthiscase,trypositiveself-talk.Remindyourselfthatyouhavedreams,too.Youdon’thavetogiveawayyourtimeandenergytodothingsthatdon’tbringyoujoy.Makingasuddenandbigchangecanbehard,butyoucanbreakhugetaskupintopieces.Youmay,forexample,texttosayno.Then,gostraighttothepersonandsayno.Practicethisinlessdifficultsituationsfirst,suchastalkingtoasalespersonororderingatarestaurant.Thentryrefusingyourfriendsorrelatives.Stoppingbeingapeople-pleaserdoesn’tmeanyouhavetogiveupbeingkindandhelpful.Youcanstilldogoodthings—butdon’ttakeawayyourownhappiness.People-pleasersDefinitionPeoplewhotrytopleaseothersevenatthecostoftheirownhappiness.☆Peoplewhofindithardtoturndownothers’request.☆Peoplewhofeelashamedandbadbecauseofdoingnothinghelpful.☆Peoplewhoagreewithotherseventhoughtheythink___41___.RiskPeople-pleasersmayendupputtingalotofpressureonthemselves.___42___onstoppingbeingapeople-pleaser◆Setlimitsinyourlife.a.Knowyourlikesanddislikes.b.Tellothersyouareonly___43___foracertainperiodoftime.◆Sparesometimetothinkbeforereplyingtoothersandmakingthefinaldecision.◆___44___confidence.a.Trypositiveself-talk.b.It’sunnecessarytowastetimeandenergydoingsomethingwhichyoudon’tlike.◆Startbytakingsmallsteps.a.Fromtextingtosaynotorefusingothers___45___.b.Fromstrangerstopeopleyouknow._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________真題感悟（一）（2023·湖南湘西·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，完成表格中所缺的信息，每空不超過(guò)3個(gè)單詞。WhentalkingaboutthesymbolsofChineseculture,lanternsmustbeoneofthem.TherearethreekindsoflanternsthatarewidelyusedinChina.HanginglanternsThemostcommontype(種類)oflanternsishanginglanterns.Incitiesandthecountryside,youcanseehanginglanternsdecorating(裝飾)streetlights,publicbuildingsandshops.Afewlanternswillbehungoutsidewindows,especiallyduringfestivalseasons.It’ssaidthatlanternshungduringtheChineseNewYearcandriveawaythemonsters(怪獸)“Nian”andbringgoodluck.FlyinglanternsOnspecialfestivals,suchastheMid-AutumnFestival,youcanseeflyinglanterns.TheyareflownintotheskyalloverChina.Theyarebeautifultowatchandareoftenflownoutdoors.However,flyinglanternsmaybedangeroussometimes.Forexample,theymaycausefires.FloatinglanternsWhenpeopleholdsomecelebrationsnearriversorlakes,wecanseefloatinglanternseasily.Forexample,weoftenseefloatinglanternsduringtheDragonBoatFestival.Therearedifferentshapesoffloatinglanterns.Themostcommonshapeislikelotus(蓮花).Peoplelightfloatinglanternsinordertocreateawonderfulviewonthewater.____1____oflanternsInformationHanginglanternsItissaidthatlanternshungduringtheChineseNewYearcandriveawaythemonster“Nian”and____2____.____3____lanternsTheyarebeautifultowatch,butsometimesflyinglanternsaremaybe

____4____.FloatinglanternsPeoplelightfloatinglanterns____5____abeautifulviewonthewater._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（二）（2023·遼寧朝陽(yáng)·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，完成表格，每空不超過(guò)三個(gè)詞。Whenthefirstpersonlookeduptothesky,people’simaginationofspacebegan.InChina,therearemanystoriesabouttheexploration(探索)ofspace.Thousandsofyearsago,therewasaladynamedChang’ethatflewtotheMoonandlivedtherewitharabbit.It’sjustastoryinmyths(神話).IntheMingDynasty,amannamedWanHuusedamachinewhichwasmadeofachair,somefireworksandakiteasarockettoflytospacebutfailed.Hewasconsideredasthefirsthumanthattriedtoexplorespace.Ourexplorationofspaceneverstoppeduntilitbecamearealityinmoderntimes.Withoutdoubt,Chinesespacetechnologyhasmadegreatprogress.In2003,whenShenzhouVsetoffsuccessfully,YangLiwei’swords“Iamproudofourmotherland”broughttearstooureyes.CarryingtheflyingdreamoftheChinesenationforthousandsofyears,asthefirstspacevisitorofChina,hestartedtheSpaceAgefortheChinese.In2008,ZhaiZhiganginShenzhouVIIhadthefirstChinesespacewalk,“Iamoutofthecapsule(太空艙),andIfeelgood,”hetoldtheworldproudly.Inthenextyears,Chinakeptmakingitswayinordertostepfurtheronexploringspace.Especiallyintherecentyears,ChinahassentupShenzhouXIandShenzhouXV.Sixastronautshavebeensenttospacewithtwowomenincluded.OnMay30,2023,JingHaipeng,ZhuYangzhuandGuiHaichaoinShenzhouXVIweresentintospacesuccessfully.From2003to2023,Chinesepeoplegofartherandfartherinspace,Inthenearfuture,ChinawillsendastronautstotheMoonandexploretheMoon.StoriesaboutChina’s____6____ThousandsofyearsagoChang’eflewtotheMooninmyths.IntheMingDynastyWanHumadeamachineandtriedtoexplorespace.In2003YangLiweistarted____7____fortheChinese.In2008ZhaiZhiganghadthefirstChinesespacewalk.InthenextyearsWeChinesepeoplekeptmakingourway____8____wecouldstepfurtheronexploringspace.On____9____ChinasentShenzhouXVIintospacesuccessfully.InthefutureChineseastronauts____10____totheMoon._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（三）（2023·湖南邵陽(yáng)·統(tǒng)考中考真題）DoyouknowabouttraditionalChineseart?TherearemanydifferentkindsoftraditionalChineseartandeachdifferentpartofChinahasitsownspecialkindsoftraditionalart.HuaguxiHuguxioriginated(起源)inHunanProvince.Someotherprovinces,likeHubei,Anhui,Henan,alsohaveHuaguxi.PeoplecouldwatchHuaguxiasearlyastheQingDynasty.Therewereonlytworolesinthe