2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit5Whatanadventure泛讀技能初養(yǎng)成教案外研版必修第三冊(cè)

PAGE9-Unit5Whatanadventure閱讀Reading2的材料，選出最佳選項(xiàng)1．Whowasfoundworkingontheterriblecreaturewasasubmarine?A．PierreAronnax，thebiologistprofessor.B．NemoLand，thecaptain.C．Conseil，theservant.D．NedLand，thewhalehunter.2．Whywouldthethreepassengersstayinthesubmarine?A．Tokeepthesecret.B．Toenjoymoreunderseascenes.C．TohelpthecaptainNemo.D．Totakemoreadventuresthere.3．WhywasNeddifferentfromtheothertwopassengers?A．Heenjoyedtheadventuresmost.B．Hethoughtofrunningaway.C．Hewasinchargeofthesubmarine.D．Hewasattackedbytheterriblecreature.4．WhatwerenotdescribedinthewordsofAronnax?A．Thesolarrayinthesea.B．Thesandunderthesea.C．Thecoloroftheseawater.D．Thetemperatureofthesea.[答案]1－4BABDWordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)1)chargen．主管，負(fù)責(zé)(教材P57)Theyarecapturedandtakeninsidethesubmarine，wheretheymeetthemanincharge，CaptainNemo.他們被俘虜并被帶進(jìn)潛艇，在那里他們遇到了負(fù)責(zé)人尼莫船長(zhǎng)。[例1]Shehaschargeoftheday-to-dayrunningofthebusiness.她負(fù)責(zé)掌管日常業(yè)務(wù)。[例2]Theylefttheoldcoupleinchargeofthechildrenforaweek.他們把孩子留給這對(duì)老夫婦照料一周。[造句]他在父親去世后掌管了農(nóng)場(chǎng)。Hewasinchargeofthefarmafterhisfather'sdeath.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]inchargeof 負(fù)責(zé)inthechargeofsb.＝insb.'scharge 由某人負(fù)責(zé)takechargeof 負(fù)責(zé)[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Anexperiencedmechanicisinchargeofthemanagementoftheworkroom.②Intheabsenceofthemanager，Ishallbeinchargeofthecompany.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)2)permitv．允許，準(zhǔn)許，許可(教材P57)Inordertokeepthissecret，CaptainNemotellshisthreenewestpassengersthattheyarenotpermittedtoleavethesubmarine.為了保守他的隱私尼莫船長(zhǎng)告知他的三個(gè)新訪客，不許離開潛水艇。[例1]Thereisawideroadleadingthroughthepark，butnobodyispermittedtowalkontheroad.有一條寬敞的道路穿過(guò)這個(gè)公園，但不允許任何人在路上走。[例2]Theyweretakentothepolicestationastheyhadenteredtheareawithoutbeingpermitted.他們被帶到派出所，因?yàn)槲唇?jīng)允許他們進(jìn)入了該區(qū)域。[造句]沒(méi)有大人的陪伴，孩子不允許進(jìn)入電影院。Childrenarenotpermittedtoenterthecinemawithouttheirparents.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]permitdoingsth. 允許做某事permitsb.todosth. 允許某人做某事permitn. 許可證permissionn. 允許；許可[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thepartywillbeheldinthegarden，weatherpermitting(permit)．②Ifyouwanttoleavetheclassroom，youshouldaskfortheteacher'spermission(permit)．[小片段填空]Herfatherwouldnotpermithertodrivealoneeventhoughshehadgotherdrivingpermit．Withoutherfather'spermission，shehadnochoicebuttogooutbybusoronabike.她父親不允許她單獨(dú)駕車，即使她已經(jīng)取得了駕照。沒(méi)有她父親的允許，她別無(wú)選擇只好坐公交出門或者騎自行車。eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)3)leaveanimpressionuponsb.給某人留下印象(教材P57)Andnow，howcanIlookbackupontheimpressionleftuponmebythatwalkunderthewaters？現(xiàn)在，我怎么回顧一下在水下行走給我留下的印象呢？[例1]Ihopemysonwouldleaveagoodimpressionuponthejudges.我希望我的兒子能給評(píng)委留下好的印象。[例2]Iadmitthatitwillleaveadeepimpressionupontheaudience'smind，butit'stooexpensivetomakeTVcommercials.我知道電視廣告會(huì)給觀眾留下深刻的印象，但是電視廣告太貴了。[造句]他在昨天會(huì)議上所說(shuō)的話給我留下深刻印象。Whathesaidatthemeetingyesterdayleftadeepimpressionuponme.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]impressvt. 使印象深刻；使……牢記beimpressedby/with... 為……所感動(dòng)；對(duì)……有印象impressionn. 印象make/leavea(n)...impressionon/uponsb. 給某人留下……的印象impressiveadj. 給人印象深刻的；感人的[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Whatimpressed(impress)memostwashisfriendlyandenthusiasticattitudetowardsallthecustomers.②Iwouldreturnfromschoolandspendtheexpectedhalfhourrecordingtheday'sevents，feelings，andimpressions(impress)inmylittlebluediary.[小片段填空]Toleaveagoodimpressionintheinterview，Bobmadeupamostimpressivestoryabouthimself，whichmadetheinterviewersreallyimpressed．為了在面試中留下好的印象，鮑勃編了一個(gè)令人印象深刻的關(guān)于自己的故事，這讓面試官們印象深刻。eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)4)astonishv．使驚訝，使驚異(教材P57)Thelight，whichlitthesoilthirtyfeetbelowthesurfaceoftheocean，astonishedmebyitspower.那光照亮了海面下三十英尺的土壤，它的力氣使我驚訝。[例1]Itreallyastonishedusthatheappearedattheparty.他出現(xiàn)在宴會(huì)上，使我們感到驚異。[例2]Thenewsoffailureastonishedeveryoneintheroom.失敗的消息使屋里的每個(gè)人都很驚異。[造句]他通過(guò)駕駛考試的消息讓我們很驚訝。Thenewsthathepassedthedrivingtestastonishedusall.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]astonishingadj. 人驚異的astonishedadj. 感到驚異的astonishmentn. 驚訝，驚異toone'sastonishment 令某人驚異的是[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Wewerequiteastonished(astonish)atherquickreaction.②Tomyastonishment(astonish)，theyshouldhavefinishedthattaskinsuchashorttime.[小片段填空]Theastonishedlookonhisfacetoldusthathefeltastonishedtobeaskedsuchaquestion.Toourgreatastonishment，heansweredthequestionandacceptedthechallengingposition.Thatwasreallyastonishing．他臉上驚訝的表情告知我們被問(wèn)到這樣一個(gè)問(wèn)題他很驚訝，令我們很驚訝的是，他回答了這個(gè)問(wèn)題并且接受了這個(gè)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的職位。這真是讓人驚訝。eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)5)surroundvt.圍繞；環(huán)繞(教材P57)TrulythiswaterwhichsurroundedmewasbutanotherairheavierthantheEarth'satmosphere，butalmostasclear.事實(shí)上，環(huán)繞我的水不過(guò)是比地球大氣層重的另一種空氣，但幾乎同樣澄澈。[例1]Whenhelookedup，hesuddenlyfoundhimselfsurroundedbyagroupofteenagers.他抬頭看時(shí)，突然發(fā)覺自己被一群青少年圍住。[例2]Icametorealizethatthekeytosuccesslayintryingtosurroundmyselfwithcreativepeople.我漸漸意識(shí)到，勝利的關(guān)鍵在于試著讓自己與有創(chuàng)意的人為伍。[造句]在澳大利亞，Jennifer有一段艱難的時(shí)間去適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境。JenniferishavingahardtimegettingaccustomedtonewsurroundingsinAustralia.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)surroundsb./sth.with/by... 使某人/某物被……包圍(2)surroundingadj. 四周的n.四周的事物；環(huán)境(通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式)[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①PeoplesayChongqingisChina'smostbeautifulcity，surrounded(surround)bymountains.②Thetreessurrounding(surround)thetownwereplantedbythesoldierstenyearsago.[小片段填空]Asafamouspopstar，helovesbeingsurroundedbysomanyfanscomingtovisithimfromthesurroundingtowns.Andhealsolikesbeautifulsurroundingswithgreentreesandflowers，becausehecangetmuchmorepleasurefromnature.作為聞名的流行明星，他喜愛自己周邊圍圍著那么多來(lái)自周邊鎮(zhèn)上來(lái)探望他的粉絲們。他也喜愛帶有綠樹紅花的宜人環(huán)境，因?yàn)檫@樣他能從大自然中獲得更多的樂(lè)趣。eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)6)accountfor說(shuō)明/說(shuō)明……的緣由；(數(shù)量上、比例上)占(教材P57)Thisdazzlingcarpet，reallyareflector，droveawaytheraysofthesunwithwonderfulintensity，whichaccountedforthevibrationwhichpassedthrougheveryatomofliquid.這條刺眼的地毯，事實(shí)上是一個(gè)反射器，以驚人的強(qiáng)度驅(qū)走了太陽(yáng)光，這正好說(shuō)明白穿過(guò)每一個(gè)液體原子的振動(dòng)的緣由。[例1]Hecouldnotaccountforhisabsencefromschool.他無(wú)法說(shuō)清晰為什么曠課。[例2]Togethertheyaccountforlessthanfivepercentofthepopulation.他們總共占不到總?cè)丝诘?%。[造句]你如何說(shuō)明一連輸了五場(chǎng)競(jìng)賽呢?Howdoyouaccountforlosingfivegamesinarow?[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]onaccountof 由于，因?yàn)閛nnoaccount 決不(位于句首，主句要部分倒裝)takeoaccount 考慮；顧及；留意[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Onnoaccountshouldyouleavethedoorunlocked.②Theflightwaspostponedonaccountofbadweather.SentencePatternseq\a\vs4\al(重點(diǎn)句式1)asif＋從句(教材P57)ConseilandIremainedneareachother，asifanexchangeofwordshadbeenpossiblethroughourmetalcases.康賽爾和我保持著比較近的距離，仿佛通過(guò)我們的金屬箱可以進(jìn)行語(yǔ)言溝通。句式分析：asif引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“似乎”，也可以替換成asthough。[例1]Irememberthewholethingasifithappenedyesterday.我記得整個(gè)事情，就似乎它是發(fā)生在昨天。[例2]Thechildtalkedtousasifhewereagrown-up.那個(gè)小孩跟我們講話就像個(gè)大人一祥。[造句]他說(shuō)起長(zhǎng)城來(lái)似乎他以前去過(guò)那里似的。HetalkedabouttheGreatWallasifhehadbeentherebefore.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)假如asif引導(dǎo)的從句只是表示一種假設(shè)的狀況，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，但假如從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的可能性較大，就要用陳述語(yǔ)氣。(2)asif引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)通常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，從句謂語(yǔ)要用過(guò)去式；與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，從句謂語(yǔ)要用haddone；與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反，從句謂語(yǔ)要用would/could/mightdo。(3)假如asif引導(dǎo)的從句是“主語(yǔ)＋系動(dòng)詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，可省略主語(yǔ)和系動(dòng)詞等成分，這樣asif后就只剩下名詞、不定式、形容詞(短語(yǔ))或動(dòng)詞-ing形式等。[翻譯]①Itseemsasifnothinghadhappened．(啥事也沒(méi)發(fā)生)②Itlooksasifitwillrainbeforelong．(一會(huì)兒就要下雨了)[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Wehavemissedthebus；itlooksasifwewillhave(have)towalk.②Hetalksasifheknew(know)everything.eq\a\vs4\al(重點(diǎn)句式2)介詞＋關(guān)系代詞的定語(yǔ)從句(教材P57)Inolongerfelttheweightofmyclothes，orofmyshoes，ofmyairsupply，ormythickhelmet，insidewhichmyheadshooklikeanutinitsshell.我再也感覺不到我的衣服、鞋子、空氣供應(yīng)的重量，也感覺不到我厚厚的頭盔的重量，我的頭在頭盔里搖得像殼里的堅(jiān)果。句式分析：該句是復(fù)合句，其中的insidewhich引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，which代指前面的helmet，其結(jié)構(gòu)是“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞＋從句”。[例1]Look，therecomesTom，forwhomIhavewaitingforanhour.瞧，湯姆來(lái)啦，我等他等了一個(gè)小時(shí)。[例2]Lastweek，IvisitedShanghai，inwhichIhavemadeseveralfriends.上周我參觀了上海，在那兒我交了幾個(gè)摯友。[造句]我的房子前有一棵樹，鳥兒正在樹上唱歌。Infrontofmyhouse，thereisatree，inwhichsomebirdsaresinging.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)介詞＋whom只能指人；介詞＋which只能指物。(2)有時(shí)，前面的介詞可移到定語(yǔ)從句的中間或后面，此時(shí)whom可用who，that代替；which可以用that代替。而且who，whom，which，that都可省略。(3)當(dāng)先行詞是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、緣由時(shí)，介詞＋which一般在定語(yǔ)從句中分別作時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、緣由狀語(yǔ)，介詞＋which可以分別用when，where，why代替。[翻譯]①Themanwhoyoutalkedwithjustnowisourmanager.(你剛才與他談話的)②Iwillrememberthedayforeveronwhich/whenIwonthefirstplaceinthecontest.(那一天)[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Hehandedmeapen，withwhichIwrotedownmyaddressforhim.②ThecomputerforwhichIpaid5，000yuanismadeinShenzhen.詞義揣測(cè)題提分技巧：詞義揣測(cè)題是考查學(xué)生對(duì)文章的前后聯(lián)系的理解。因?yàn)檎Z(yǔ)言表達(dá)總是依據(jù)肯定的邏輯關(guān)系綻開的，依據(jù)語(yǔ)言的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系可以粗略地推斷誕生詞詞義或大致義域。對(duì)我們揣測(cè)詞義幫助最大的邏輯關(guān)系有并列關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系和因果關(guān)系等。英語(yǔ)中可以運(yùn)用also，as...as，similarly，and，or，justas，like等詞語(yǔ)表示相同或者相近的意思，這種表示并列的關(guān)系中，只要我們相識(shí)其中一個(gè)單詞，就可以推想出另一個(gè)單詞的意思。并列、因果、遞進(jìn)、例證、轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ鹊冗壿嬯P(guān)系都具有推理的必定性，因此運(yùn)用邏輯關(guān)系推理的詞義精確率會(huì)比較高；邏輯關(guān)系的推斷須要平常多關(guān)注句式的邏輯關(guān)系，形成對(duì)邏輯關(guān)系詞的敏感感知實(shí)力，快速有效地推斷語(yǔ)句和詞匯的關(guān)系和意義。[典例](2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ·閱讀理解D節(jié)選)...Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.Butothersdodoubleduty.Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.Oncetheyarrive，thetablesareturned．Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch33．Whatdoestheauthormeanby“thetablesareturned”inparagraph3?A．Theattackersgetattacked.B．Theinsectsgatherunderthetable.C．Theplantsgetreadytofightback.D．Theperfumesattractnaturalenemies.A[本題考查對(duì)文章中一句話的理解，屬于廣義的詞義揣測(cè)題。畫線詞前面的句子說(shuō)明白一些植物散發(fā)出氣味意在吸引不同的昆蟲，這些昆蟲是攻擊者的天敵。在這一句后面，又運(yùn)用了一句同義并列的句子來(lái)對(duì)其進(jìn)行說(shuō)明，依據(jù)后一句話的意思“正在吃午餐的攻擊者變成了午餐”可以知道，畫線句子是指攻擊者受到了它的天敵的攻擊，故選A。][即學(xué)即練]依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容快速推斷出劃線單詞的含義。Youdashthroughacrowdedrailwaystation，trippingoverbags，spilling(潑出)yourcoffee，onlytohavethedoorsslideshutinyourface，leavingyoubreathlessontheplatformasthetrainpullsaway.Butatleast，ifyou'reinFrance，someonemaybeplayingthepianoforyou.Butitwon'tbeperformedbyapaidmusician，orevenastreetentertainerplayingforcoins.Itwilljustbearandompasser-by，jammingforthefunofitononeofthepianosthatthenationalrailroadcompany，S.N.C.F.，hasfixedinnearly100stationsacrossFrance.Theyarefreeforanyonetoplay，andtravelersfromallwalksoflifehavetakentodoingjustthat.Gares&Connexions，theS．N.C.F.divisionthatmanagesitsstations，rentstheinstrumentsfromtheproducer，Yamaha，whichmaintains(修理)themandtunesthemeverymonthortwo.ThefirstonewassetupintheGareMontparnasseinParisin2012.Themusic，mixedwiththesoundsofshouting