山東省威海市2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題（解析版）

2/2高一英語本試卷共10頁。滿分150分。考試用時120分鐘。注意事項：1.答卷前，務(wù)必用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆將自己的姓名、座號、考生號填寫在答題卡上。2.選擇題，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑;如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。筆答題，用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆將答案寫在答題卡上。不能答在本試卷上，否則無效。第一題聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Writealetter.B.Drivetoheroffice.C.Gotothepostoffice.2.Whatwillthemandotonight?A.Gototheconcert.B.Workovertime.C.WatchTV.3.Howmanylanguagescanthemanspeak?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.4.Whyisthemansoexcited?A.Becauseheisgoinghome.B.Becausehe’lltaketheearliestflight.C.Becausehe’llpickuphisparentsattheairport.5.Whatsportdoesthemanmostenjoywatching?A.Hockey.B.Football.C.Basketball.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6和第7題。6.WhatisMrs.Smithgoingtodosoon?A.Lookforanewjob.B.GobacktoEngland.C.Teachanothersubject.7.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Collectmoney.B.Buysomeflowers.C.Discusswithothers.聽下面一段對話，回答第8和第9題。8.Whatistheweatherlikeintheman’shometown?A.Itsnowsalotinthewinter.B.Itisreallyhotinthesummer.C.Itstaysthesamethewholeyearround.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman’scity?A.Theclimateispleasant.B.Abiglakeliesoutsideit.C.Citizensenjoywinterswimming.聽下面一段對話，回答第10至第12題。10.FromwhichcitydidthemanflytoLondon?A.NewYork.B.Paris.C.Beijing.11.WhydidthemanstayinLondonforonlyonenight?A.Hisschedulewastight.B.Hehadvisiteditseveraltimes.C.Hewantedtospendmoretimebythewater.12.Whatwasthebestpartoftheman’strip?A.Thefood.B.Thebeach.C.Thelowcost.聽下面一段對話，回答第13至第16題。13.Whoistheman?A.Ashopassistant.B.Arepairman.C.Amanager.14.Whendidthewomanrealizethatthecamerawasbroken?A.Twodaysago.B.Lastnight.C.Thismorning.15.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Gethermoneyback.B.Havehercamerafixed.C.Exchangeforanewcamera.16.Howmightthewomanfeelattheendoftheconversation?A.Happy.B.Disappointed.C.Annoyed.聽下面一段獨白，回答第17至第20題。17Whenistheschoolopenday?A.OnOctober24th.B.OnOctober25th.C.OnOctober26th.18.Whowillshowafilm?A.Mr.Brown.B.MissHopkins.C.David.19.WhatwillDoctorPotterdointheevening?A.Runaworkshopaboutrecycling.B.Doanexperimentaboutairpollution.C.Giveaspeechonenvironmentalprotection.20.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.Tosellbooks.B.Tointroduceschoolactivities.C.Todiscussenvironmentalissues.第二題閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ARaisingawarenessofaseriousissuebeginswithitsbeingvisibletostudents.Amazonhassomefantasticthingsforclassroomwallsthatyoucangetatareasonableprice.Hitting,kicking,slapping,spitting,pushing,blockingStealingordestroyingsomeone’spossessionsMakingrudehandgestures(手勢)Touchinginunwanted&improperwaysNamecallingInsults(辱罵)TeasingImpropersexualcommentsThreateningtocauseharmLying&spreadingrumors(謠言)TellingothersnottobefriendswithsomeoneEmbarrassingsomeoneinpublicDamagingsomeone’ssocialrelationshipsPosting/sendinghurtfultexts,emailsorposts,imagesorvideosMakingonlinethreatsImitatingothersonlineorusingtheirlog-inSpreadingunkindrumorsonline1.Whatistheposterabout?A.Thetypesofbullying. B.Thewaysofanti-bullying.C.Thecausesofbullying. D.Theeffectsofanti-bullying.2.Whichofthefollowingdoessendinghurtfulemailsbelongto?A.Physicalbullying. B.Verbalbullying.C.Socialbullying. D.Cyberbullying.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tosellposters. B.Toreportabullyingsurvey.C.Tofightagainstbullying. D.Torevealariseinbullying.【答案】1.A2.D3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。本文是亞馬遜推銷有關(guān)網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺凌的用于教室墻上張貼的海報的廣告。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Amazonhassomefantasticthingsforclassroomwallsthatyoucangetatareasonableprice.(亞馬遜有一些很好的你可以以合理的價格買到的用于教室墻上的東西。)”以及圖標中提到的PhysicalBully，VerbalBullying，SocialBullying，CyberBullying可知，海報是關(guān)于欺凌類型的。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四欄“Posting/sendinghurtfultexts,emailsorposts,imagesorvideos(發(fā)布/發(fā)送的短信、郵件或帖子，圖片或視頻)”可知，發(fā)布有害的電子郵件屬于網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺凌。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Amazonhassomefantasticthingsforclassroomwallsthatyoucangetatareasonableprice.(亞馬遜有一些很好的你可以以合理的價格買到的用于教室墻上的東西。)”可知，文章的目的是銷售海報。故選A。BOverthesummerof2022,staffattheSanDiegoZoowelcomed41babyturtles(海龜)fromtheIndiannarrow-headedsoftshellturtlespecies,whichisnativetoSouthAsia.ItmakestheZoothefirstofficiallyrecognizedorganizationinNorthAmericatohatch(孵化)andraisethespecies.[2]ThreeIndiannarrow-headedsoftshellturtleshavebeenattheZooforover20years.Allthattime,zoostaffhadbeenhopingtheywouldonedayreproduce.“Thisisathrillingmomentforus,andanincrediblestepforwardintheprotectionofthisspecies,”saidKimGray,directoroftheZoo.Theeggswerefoundintwoseparatenests(窩).Someoftheturtleshatchedintheirhabitat,whilemostoftheeggswerestoredinanartificialboxtocreatethebestconditionsforsurvival.Turtleexpertsatthezoosayeggsinthehabitatareoftendifficulttofind,astheturtlesliketolaytheireggsovernightandcoverthemwithdirt.ThespeciesislistedasendangeredontheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature’sRedList,thoughit’sunclearhowmanyremaininthewild.Environmentalpollution,habitatdestruction,theinternationalpettradeandhumanfoodharvestinghaveallledtothespecies’reductionovertheyears.“Wehavebeencaringfortheseturtlesforaverylongtime,andpartofthatcareistogainagreaterunderstandingofthespecies’naturalhistory,”KimGrayadded.“WiththeknowledgewegainhereattheZoo,wecanbetterassistourpartnersinIndiatohelpthisessentialspeciesdevelopandgrowintheirnativehabitat.”4.WhydidKimGrayfeelexcitedatthisreproduction?A.TheZoogotofficiallyrecognized.B.Anendangeredturtlespecieswassaved.C.Itwasabreakthroughinturtleprotection.D.Agreatmanyturtleswerehatchedatonce.5.Whatmadetheturtleeggsinthehabitathardtofind?A.Theirdarkcolor. B.Thelowlightatnight.C.Theartificialbox. D.Theirbeingsand-covered.6.WhatdoesParagraph4focusonabouttheturtles?A.Factorsendangeringthem. B.Humanactivitiestosavethem.C.Theirexistingnumberinthewild. D.Thetimewhenlistedasendangered.7.Whomightbeinterestedinthetext?A.Petlovers. B.Zoovisitors. C.Zoologists. D.Environmentalists.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了圣地亞哥動物園的工作人員迎來了41只小海龜，它們來自印度窄頭軟殼龜物種，原產(chǎn)于南亞。這使得動物園成為北美第一個官方認可的孵化和飼養(yǎng)該物種的組織?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段““Thisisathrillingmomentforus,andanincrediblestepforwardintheprotectionofthisspecies,”saidKimGray,directoroftheZoo.(動物園園長KimGray說：“對我們來說是激動人心的時刻，也是保護這一物種向前邁出的不可思議的一步?！?”可知，這一成功標志著在海龜保護方面取得了突破。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Turtleexpertsatthezoosayeggsinthehabitatareoftendifficulttofind,astheturtlesliketolaytheireggsovernightandcoverthemwithdirt.(動物園的海龜專家說，海龜?shù)巴ǔ：茈y在棲息地找到，因為海龜喜歡在夜間產(chǎn)卵，并在上面蓋上泥土。)”可知，海龜?shù)半y找的原因是因為海龜會在蛋上面蓋上泥土。故選D。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“ThespeciesislistedasendangeredontheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature’sRedList,thoughit’sunclearhowmanyremaininthewild.Environmentalpollution,habitatdestruction,theinternationalpettradeandhumanfoodharvestinghaveallledtothespecies’reductionovertheyears.(該物種被國際自然保護聯(lián)盟列為瀕危物種，但目前尚不清楚野外還有多少。多年來，環(huán)境污染、棲息地破壞、國際寵物貿(mào)易和人類食物捕撈都導(dǎo)致了該物種的減少。)”可知，第四段主要講述的是海龜瀕危的原因。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章主要內(nèi)容以及最后一段““Wehavebeencaringfortheseturtlesforaverylongtime,andpartofthatcareistogainagreaterunderstandingofthespecies’naturalhistory,”KimGrayadded.“WiththeknowledgewegainhereattheZoo,wecanbetterassistourpartnersinIndiatohelpthisessentialspeciesdevelopandgrowintheirnativehabitat.”(KimGray補充說：“我們照顧這些海龜已經(jīng)很長時間了，這種照顧的一部分是為了更好地了解這個物種的自然史。憑借我們在動物園獲得的知識，我們可以更好地幫助我們在印度的合作伙伴，幫助這種重要物種在它們的原生棲息地發(fā)展和生長?！?”可知，這些小海龜?shù)某錾饬x非凡，可以幫助保護瀕危物種。所以對這篇文章最感興趣的人應(yīng)該是動物學(xué)家。故選C。CMindfuleatingismaintaininganin-the-momentawarenessofthefoodanddrinkyouputintoyourbody.Formanyofus,ourbusydailylivesoftenmakemealtimesrushedthings.Wefindourselveseatinginthecargoingtowork,atthedeskinfrontofacomputerscreen,orparkedonthecouchwatchingTV.Weeatmindlessly,takingfooddownregardlessofwhetherwe’restillhungryornot.Infact,weofteneatforotherreasonsinsteadofhunger—tosatisfyemotionalneeds,tofreefromstress,ordealwithunpleasantemotionssuchassadness,anxiety,loneliness,orboredom.Mindfuleatingistheoppositeofthiskindofunhealthy“mindless”eating.Mindfuleatingisn’taboutbeingperfect,alwayseatingtherightthings,orneverallowingyourselftoeaton-the-goagain.Andit’snotaboutestablishingstrictrulesforwhichfoodsyouhavetoincludeoravoidinyourdiet.Rather,it’saboutfocusingallyoursensesandbeingpresentasyoushopfor,cook,serve,andeatyourfood.Whilemindfulnessisn’tforeveryone,manypeoplefinditworthtrying.Bypayingcloseattentiontohowyoufeelasyoueat,youcanlearntoenjoybothyourfoodandtheexperienceofeating.Itcankeepyoufullwithlessfood,andinfluencewiserchoicesaboutwhatyoueatinthefuture.Itcanalsohelpyoufreeyourselffromunhealthyhabits.Topracticemindfulnessyouneedtoparticipateinanactivitywithtotalawareness.Inthecaseofmindfuleating,it’simportanttoeatwithallyourattentionratherthanonmultitasking(reading,watchingTV,daydreaming,etc).Whenyourattentionmovesaway,gentlybringitbacktoyourfoodandtheexperienceofcooking,serving,andeating.8.Whichbelongstomindfuleating?A.Eatingwhiledriving. B.Eatingasquicklyaspossible.C.Eatingtofillemotionalneeds. D.Eatingonlytosatisfyphysicalhunger.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“on-the-go”meaninParagraph2?A.Rudely. B.Crazily. C.Irregularly. D.Hurriedly.10.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsmindfuleating?A.It’satrendinweightloss. B.It’sworthwhiletohaveago.C.It’sauniversalruleofdiet. D.It’shelpfultokeepenergetic.11.Whatmightbetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A.Thebenefitsofmindfuleating. B.Thepracticeofmindfuleating.C.Thereasonsformindfuleating. D.Thespreadofmindfuleating.【答案】8.D9.D10.B11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了正念飲食，介紹了正念飲食的概念以及如何練習(xí)正念飲食。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Infact,weofteneatforotherreasonsinsteadofhunger—tosatisfyemotionalneeds,tofreefromstress,ordealwithunpleasantemotionssuchassadness,anxiety,loneliness,orboredom.Mindfuleatingistheoppositeofthiskindofunhealthy“mindless”eating.(事實上，我們經(jīng)常因為其他原因而不是饑餓而吃東西——滿足情感需求，擺脫壓力，或處理不愉快的情緒，如悲傷、焦慮、孤獨或無聊。正念飲食是這種不健康的“無意識”飲食的對立面。)”可知，作者認為我們經(jīng)常因為其他原因而不是饑餓而吃東西，而正念飲食恰恰相反，也就是說正念飲食指的是我們因為饑餓而吃東西。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上一句“Mindfuleatingisn’taboutbeingperfect,alwayseatingtherightthings,(正念飲食并不是說要做到完美，)”可知，這里講述的應(yīng)該是人們對于正念飲食的誤解，劃線單詞前是“alwayseatingtherightthings(總是吃正確的東西)”，這是人們普遍認為的良好的飲食習(xí)慣，由此判斷，劃線單詞和上文的never構(gòu)成人們普遍認可的良好飲食習(xí)慣。選項A“Rudely(粗魯)”；選項B“Crazily(瘋狂)”；選項C“Irregularly(沒有規(guī)律地)”；選項D“Hurriedly.(匆忙地)”。表示飲食習(xí)慣的為hurriedly，同時也和下文“Rather,it’saboutfocusingallyoursensesandbeingpresentasyoushopfor,cook,serve,andeatyourfood.(相反，它是關(guān)于集中你所有的感官，在你購物、做飯、端菜和吃食物的時候活在當下。)”中的專注保持一致。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Whilemindfulnessisn’tforeveryone,manypeoplefinditworthtrying.Bypayingcloseattentiontohowyoufeelasyoueat,youcanlearntoenjoybothyourfoodandtheexperienceofeating.Itcankeepyoufullwithlessfood,andinfluencewiserchoicesaboutwhatyoueatinthefuture.Itcanalsohelpyoufreeyourselffromunhealthyhabits.(雖然正念并不適合所有人，但許多人認為它值得一試。通過密切關(guān)注你吃東西時的感覺，你可以學(xué)會享受你的食物和吃的體驗。它可以讓你在少吃的情況下保持飽腹感，并影響你未來對飲食的明智選擇。它還可以幫助你擺脫不健康的習(xí)慣。)”可知，作者認為正念飲食有很多優(yōu)點，所以是值得一試的。故選B。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段內(nèi)容“Topracticemindfulness,youneedtoparticipateinanactivitywithtotalawareness.Inthecaseofmindfuleating,it’simportanttoeatwithallyourattentionratherthanonmultitasking(reading,watchingTV,daydreaming,etc).Whenyourattentionmovesaway,gentlybringitbacktoyourfoodandtheexperienceofcooking,serving,andeating.(要練習(xí)正念，你需要完全有意識地參與一項活動。在正念飲食的情況下，重要的是要全神貫注地吃飯，而不是一心多用(閱讀、看電視、做白日夢等)。當你的注意力轉(zhuǎn)移時，輕輕地把它帶回到你的食物和烹飪、上菜和吃的體驗上。)”可知，這一段作者開始引出想要練習(xí)正念飲食需要注意哪些內(nèi)容。由此判斷，接下來作者將要介紹練習(xí)正念飲食的具體做法。故選B。DMengWangisaprofessorofhumangenetics.She’sbeendoingexperimentsaboutoneofthemostexcitingnewareasofmedicine—ourmicrobiome(微生物群).Youcan’tseeitwiththenakedeye,butourmicrobiomeisallover(andinsideof)us.Recentstudiesshowthatitcaninfluencehowwebehaveandevenhowwellwerespondtodifferentdrugs.Wangsays,“Sometimesourmicrobiomesmakeussick,butontheotherhand,theyalsoplayaveryimportantroleinkeepingushealthy.”Wangwantedtoknowwhetherourmicrobiomecouldinfluenceaging.Totestit,shedecidedtoworkwithakindofworm(蟲子)thatlivesonlytwoorthreeweeks.Herquestionwas,whatwouldhappenifyouchangedaworm’smicrobiome.Woulditbeabletoliveforlonger?Wangchoseoneofthetypesofbacteria(細菌)thatlivesinsideaworm,changeditsgenes(基因)soastomakedifferentvarieties,andthenfedthisbacteriatotheworms.Threeweekslater—bythetimetheyshouldhavealldied—shecheckedonthem.Toherexcitement,shefoundthatthewormshadnotdied.Olderwormsusuallyactslowly.Theoneswiththenewmicrobiomes,however,notonlymovedaroundmorequicklyintheiroldage,butwerelesslikelyaffectedbyillnesstoo.Wangisnowcarryingouttestsonmicetoseewhetherchangingtheirmicrobiomescaninfluencetheirlivesinasimilarway.Thereisachancethatonedaywemighttakepillswhichdothesameofus.Howmuchlongercouldthispossiblyallowustolivefor?“Personally,Ithink100isalreadyagoodnumber,”saysWang.12.WhatinfluencedoesMicrobiomehaveonusaccordingtorecentstudies?A.Impactingourbehavior. B.Lengtheninglifespan.C.Increasingdrugresistance. D.Leadingtodeadlyillness.13.WhatwastheresultofMengWang’sexperiment?A.Thewormsgrewbiggerinsize.B.Thewormskeptactiveatoldage.C.Thewormswerefreefromillness.D.Thewormsdevelopedintonewvarieties.14.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Mancanliveaslongas100. B.Microbiomeworksonmicesimilarly.C.Moretestsneedtobemade. D.Wangwilldevelopanti-agingpillssoon.15.Whichmightbethebesttitle?A.Microbiome:thehopeoflongerlife? B.TipsforscientificresearchC.MengWang:leadingscientistofgenetics D.IntotheworldofMicrobiome【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章講述最近的研究表明，微生物群可以影響我們的行為方式，甚至影響我們對不同藥物的反應(yīng)，進而影響我們的壽命?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Youcan’tseeitwiththenakedeye,butourmicrobiomeisallover(andinsideof)us.Recentstudiesshowthatitcaninfluencehowwebehaveandevenhowwellwerespondtodifferentdrugs.(你用肉眼看不到，但我們的微生物群遍布我們的全身（和體內(nèi)）。最近的研究表明，它可以影響我們的行為方式，甚至影響我們對不同藥物的反應(yīng)。)”可知，根據(jù)最近的研究表明，微生物群影響我們的行為。故選A。【13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Toherexcitement,shefoundthatthewormshadnotdied.Olderwormsusuallyactslowly.Theoneswiththenewmicrobiomes,however,notonlymovedaroundmorequicklyintheiroldage,butwerelesslikelyaffectedbyillnesstoo.(令她興奮的是，她發(fā)現(xiàn)蟲子并沒有死。年長的蠕蟲通常行動緩慢。然而，擁有新微生物群的不僅在老年時移動得更快，而且也不太可能受到疾病的影響。)”可知，在老年時擁有了新微生物群的蠕蟲是活躍地。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Wangisnowcarryingouttestsonmicetoseewhetherchangingtheirmicrobiomescaninfluencetheirlivesinasimilarway.Thereisachancethatonedaywemighttakepillswhichdothesameofus.(王現(xiàn)在正在老鼠身上進行實驗，看看改變它們的微生物群是否會以類似的方式影響它們的生活。也許有一天，我們服用的藥片也能起到同樣的作用。)”可知，還需要進行更多地試驗才能得出結(jié)論。故選C。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段的“Youcan’tseeitwiththenakedeye,butourmicrobiomeisallover(andinsideof)us.Recentstudiesshowthatitcaninfluencehowwebehaveandevenhowwellwerespondtodifferentdrugs.(你用肉眼看不到，但我們的微生物群遍布我們的全身（和體內(nèi)）。最近的研究表明，它可以影響我們的行為方式，甚至影響我們對不同藥物的反應(yīng)。)”和下文內(nèi)容對實驗過程以及結(jié)果的講述以及最后一段的“Howmuchlongercouldthispossiblyallowustolivefor?“Personally,Ithink100isalreadyagoodnumber,”saysWang.”(這可能允許我們活多久？“就我個人而言，我認為100已經(jīng)是一個不錯的數(shù)字了，”王說。)”可知，本文主要講述了研究表明微生物群可能會影響我們的壽命，因此推斷A項“微生物群系：更長壽的希望嗎？”為最佳標題。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Closefriendshavemanybenefits,butresearchshowsthathaving“weak-tie”friendshipsisasvaluable—orevenmore—asstrongones.SociologyprofessorMarkGranovetterpublishedastudycalled“TheStrengthofWeakTies”in1973.____16____Therearetwotypesof“circles”whenitcomestoaperson’ssocialworld:theinnerandoutercircles.____17____Meanwhile,peoplewhomwetalktobutnotoftenbelongtotheoutercircle.Granovetterreferstothemas“strong”and“weak”ties.Hepointsouttheimportanceofweaktieswhenitcomestolearningnewinformationandideas.Somecompaniesdesigntheirbuildingswiththeintentionoflettingpeoplemeetbychanceinaspecificarea.Forexample,Pixarhasalarge,centralhallwhereemployeescomeacrosseachotherandstartsmalltalks.Scientistshavealsofoundthatweaktiescreateabetter,happieratmosphere.____18____Ontheotherhand,werunoutof(缺少)thingstosharewithourfriendswhenwegetthechancetotalktothem.Sometimesit’shardertotalktopeopleweknowwellbecausethoseconversationscomewithanemotionalburdenduringthepandemic(流行病).Butthisdoesn’tmeanwehavetostophere.AsstatedinGranovetter’swork,wegetmoreinformationfromweakties.Takeadvantageofthepandemicbyaskingyourfriendshowtheyare.____19____Thisway,wecangetideastofigureouthowweshouldbehave.Itispointedoutthatrightnow,socialmediaisthebestreplacementforsmalltalks.Sparkingasmalltalkisawaytoshowthatyoucarewithoutusingmuchofyourtime,attention,andenergy.____20____A.Thatisthesecretbehind“weak-tie”friendships.B.Thestudymakespeoplevalueclosefriendsinanotherway.C.Andthenaskhowthey’redealingwiththecurrentsituation.D.SocialinteractionsnowadaysarelimitedduetotheCOVID-19.E.Closefriendswefeelcomfortablewithbelongtotheinnercircle.F.There,heexplainsthatweaktiesareimportantinfriendshipaswell.G.BecauseoftheCOVID-19,theworldhasseenachangeinbehaviors.【答案】16.F17.E18.D19.C20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章對“弱關(guān)系”友誼進行了相關(guān)介紹?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前“SociologyprofessorMarkGranovetterpublishedastudycalled“TheStrengthofWeakTies”in1973.（社會學(xué)教授馬克·格蘭諾維特在1973年發(fā)表了一項名為“弱關(guān)系的力量”的研究。）”可知，F(xiàn)選項“There,heexplainsthatweaktiesareimportantinfriendshipaswell.（他在書中解釋說，弱關(guān)系在友誼中也很重要。）”話題一致，是對前一句的進一步說明，同時選項中的he指的就是前面提到的MarkGranovetter。故選F項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Therearetwotypesof“circles”whenitcomestoaperson’ssocialworld:theinnerandoutercircles.（在一個人的社交世界中有兩種“圈子”：內(nèi)部圈子和外部圈子。）”可知，E選項“Closefriendswefeelcomfortablewithbelongtotheinnercircle.（讓我們感到舒服的親密朋友屬于內(nèi)部圈子。）”是對上句提到innercircles的進一步解釋，innercircle也是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選E項。【18題詳解】根據(jù)空處下句“Ontheotherhand,werunoutof(缺少)thingstosharewithourfriendswhenwegetthechancetotalktothem.（另一方面，當我們有機會和朋友聊天的時候，我們就會缺少可以和他們分享的東西。）”可知，這與D選項“SocialinteractionsnowadaysarelimitedduetotheCOVID-19.（由于新冠肺炎疫情，現(xiàn)在的社交活動非常有限。）”形成對比，前后話題也一致，講述的是我們很少有機會參加社交，即使參加社交，也會缺少可以分享的東西。故選D項?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Takeadvantageofthepandemicbyaskingyourfriendshowtheyare.（借疫情這個機會，問問你的朋友們過得怎么樣。）”可知，這與C選項“Andthenaskhowthey’redealingwiththecurrentsituation.（然后問他們是如何處理目前的情況的。）”內(nèi)容一致，均是在介紹一些具體措施與方法。且選項中的they指代的就是空前的yourfriends。故選C項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Sparkingasmalltalkisawaytoshowthatyoucarewithoutusingmuchofyourtime,attention,andenergy.（閑聊是一種不用花費你太多時間、注意力和精力就能表達你關(guān)心的方式。）”可知，A選項“Thatisthesecretbehind“weak-tie”friendships.（這就是“弱關(guān)系”友誼背后的秘密。）”是對空前的總結(jié)，空前是對“弱關(guān)系”友誼相關(guān)好處的具體介紹。故選A項。第三題選詞填空(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從方框中選出能填入文中空白處的最合適的單詞。注意，其中有兩個多余選項。A.internetB.careersC.popularizeD.invitedE.nationalF.introducingG.titlesH.culturalI.understandJ.attractingK.platformL.practisingZhangHanliang,amartialartsteacheratTianshuiNormalUniversityinGansuprovince,hasproducedmanytraditionalChinesemartialartsvideosinthepastyears,____21____sixteenmillionviewersathomeandabroadontheonline____22____Bilibili.Zhang,now35yearsold,hasbeen____23____martialartssinceshewasseven.Thankstoherhardwork,Zhangwonherfirstsword(劍)championshipinGansuprovinceat13.Shethengotswordandspeartitlesata____24____levelwhenshewas17,andat20,shewonaseriesofchampionshiptitlesinvariouscategories.In2007,ZhangbegantoworkasamartialartsteacheratTianshuiNormalUniversity,gettingnew____25____suchasfirst-classnationalathleteandfirst-classnationaljudgeofmartialarts.Inadditiontoherdailyteachingtasks,Zhanghasbeen____26____toFrance,Russia,Malaysiaandothercountriesmanytimestoteachmartialarts.“Martialartscanbeabridgefor____27____exchangesbetweenChinaandothercountries,”saidZhang,addingthatshewantedto____28____martialartstotheaudiencethroughthe____29____.Andshehopedmoreandmoreforeignerscould_____30_____andlovemartialarts.【答案】21.J22.K23.L24.E25.G26.D27.H28.C29.A30.I【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了甘肅天水師范學(xué)院的一名武術(shù)老師張漢良制作了許多中國傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)視頻，在嗶哩嗶哩在線平臺上吸引了1600萬國內(nèi)外觀眾?！?1題詳解】考查動詞。句意：張漢良是甘肅天水師范學(xué)院的一名武術(shù)老師，在過去的幾年里，他制作了許多中國傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)視頻，在嗶哩嗶哩在線平臺上吸引了1600萬國內(nèi)外觀眾。分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)填現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“吸引”應(yīng)為attracting。故選J項。【22題詳解】考查名詞。句意：張漢良是甘肅天水師范學(xué)院的一名武術(shù)老師，在過去的幾年里，他制作了許多中國傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)視頻，在嗶哩嗶哩在線平臺上吸引了1600萬國內(nèi)外觀眾。分析可知，空處由定冠詞the修飾，作介詞on的賓語，應(yīng)填名詞，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“平臺”，應(yīng)填platform。故選K項。【23題詳解】考查動詞。句意：今年35歲的張玉玲從7歲起就開始練習(xí)跳臺武術(shù)。根據(jù)sinceshewasseven可知，本句描述從過去到現(xiàn)在一直進行的動作，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進行時，所以空處應(yīng)填動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“練習(xí)”，應(yīng)填practising。故選L項。【24題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：17歲時，她獲得了國家級別的劍和矛冠軍，20歲時，她在各種類別中贏得了一系列冠軍頭銜。分析可知，空處修飾名詞level作定語，應(yīng)填形容詞，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“國家的”，應(yīng)填national。故選E項。【25題詳解】考查名詞。句意：2007年開始在天水師范學(xué)院擔任武術(shù)教師，先后獲得國家一級運動員、國家一級武術(shù)裁判員等新稱號。分析可知，空處由形容詞new修飾，應(yīng)填名詞作動詞getting的賓語，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“頭銜”，應(yīng)填titles。故選G項。【26題詳解】考查動詞。句意：除了日常教學(xué)任務(wù)外，她還多次受邀前往法國、俄羅斯、馬來西亞等國家教授武術(shù)。分析可知，空處為現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)，空處應(yīng)填動詞的過去分詞形式，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“被邀請”，應(yīng)填invited。故選D項?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：“武術(shù)可以成為中國和其他國家文化交流的橋梁，”張說，并補充說她想通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)向觀眾普及武術(shù)。分析可知，空處修飾名詞exchanges，應(yīng)填形容詞作定語，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“文化的”，應(yīng)填cultural。故選H項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞。句意：“武術(shù)可以成為中國和其他國家文化交流的橋梁，”張說，并補充說她想通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)向觀眾普及武術(shù)。分析可知，wanttodosth.為固定搭配，表示“想要做某事”，所以空處應(yīng)填動詞原形，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“普及，推廣”，應(yīng)填popularize。故選C項?！?9題詳解】考查名詞。句意：“武術(shù)可以成為中國和其他國家文化交流的橋梁，”張說，并補充說她想通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)向觀眾普及武術(shù)。分析可知，空處由定冠詞the修飾，應(yīng)填名詞作介詞through的賓語，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)”，應(yīng)填internet。故選A項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞。句意：她希望越來越多的外國人能夠了解并熱愛武術(shù)。分析可知，空處位于情態(tài)動詞could之后，應(yīng)填動詞原形，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“理解”，應(yīng)填understand。故選I項。第四題單詞拼寫(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)請根據(jù)漢語意思及首字母將單詞的完整形式寫在答題卡上。31.Hiscourageandd______(決心)helpedhimwintheplay.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)【答案】determination##etermination【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：他的勇氣和決心幫助他贏得了這場戲。根據(jù)并列連詞and前名詞courage可知，用名詞形式，在句中作主語。根據(jù)中英文提示及句意，故填determination。32.Iamlookingforwardtoe______(探索)ournewcampus.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)【答案】exploring##xploring【解析】【詳解】考查動詞。句意：我期待著探索我們的新校園。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及漢語提示可知應(yīng)填動詞explore，且上文為短語lookforwardtodoingsth.。故填exploring。33.Theo______(場合)ismoreenjoyableandthedishestastebetter.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)【答案】occasion##ccasion【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：場合更令人愉快，菜肴味道更好。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及漢語提示可知應(yīng)填名詞occasion，作主語，結(jié)合is可知單數(shù)。故填occasion。34.Ifyoufollowmyadvice,you’llhavetwoo______(選擇)foryourfuture.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)【答案】options##ptions【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：如果你聽從我的建議，你的未來將有兩個選擇。根據(jù)句意和首字母提示應(yīng)填option“選擇”作賓語，由two修飾用復(fù)數(shù)，故填options。35.Thedigitalagee______(使能夠)ustofindpeoplewhoshareourinterests.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)【答案】enables##nables【解析】【詳解】考查動詞。句意：數(shù)字時代使我們能夠找到志同道合的人。分析可知，本句描述的是一般事實，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時，結(jié)合漢語提示可知，應(yīng)填動詞enable，表示“使能夠”，且謂語動詞enable要與主語Thedigitalage保持主謂一致，用單數(shù)。故填enables。36.Whataresometipsthatcanhelpyououtwhend______(防守)againstthem?(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)【答案】defending##efending【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：有什么建議可以幫助你抵御它們嗎？根據(jù)單詞首字母以及漢語提示可知應(yīng)填動詞defend，且與邏輯主語you為主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，故填defending。37.Whenyouopenadictionary,youoftencomeacrossalotofu_______(不熟悉)words.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)【答案】unfamiliar【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：當你打開字典時，你經(jīng)常會遇到很多你不熟悉的單詞。根據(jù)漢語提示，應(yīng)填形容詞unfamiliar作定語，修飾名詞words。故填unfamiliar。38.Thestrawberrycheesecakeishighlyr______(推薦)foritslovelysweetandfruitytaste.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)【答案】recommended##ecommended【解析】【詳解】考查動詞。句意：強烈推薦草莓芝士蛋糕，因為它美好的甜味和水果味。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及漢語提示可知應(yīng)填動詞recommend，與主語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合is可知為一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。故填recommended。39.Theflatterracecatchestherainwaterandp______(阻止)thesoilfrombeingwashedaway.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)【答案】prevents##revents【解析】【詳解】考查動詞。句意：平坦的露臺可以收集雨水，防止土壤被沖走。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及漢語提示可知應(yīng)填動詞prevent，結(jié)合上文Theflatterracecatchestherainwaterand可知為一般現(xiàn)在時，此處應(yīng)用prevent的三單形式和cathes是并列謂語。故填prevents。40.TheRevengeofPrinceZidanisashowthatcombinesmusic,singing,drama,poetryandcostumedesignwithe______(爆炸性的)effect.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫)【答案】explosive##xplosive【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：《王子復(fù)仇記》是一場融合了音樂、演唱、戲劇、詩歌以及驚艷服飾表演。分析可知，空處應(yīng)填形容詞修飾名詞effect，作定語，結(jié)合漢語提示可知，空處應(yīng)填形容詞explosive，表示“爆炸性的”。故填explosive。第五題短文填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。WhenZhengYaling,21,receivedheradmissionletter(錄取通知書)fromHunanUniversitytwoyearsago,she____41____(immediate)startedlookingupHunanprovinceontheinternet.Born____42____raisedinJiayi,Taiwan,ZhengknewlittleabouttheChinesemainland.ShequicklyfoundthatYueluAcademy,locatedontheuniversity’scampus,____43____(found)in976ADandwasoneofChina’sfourmajoracademies.HunanisalsohometoZhangjiajieNationalForestPark,____44____themovieAvatarwasfilmed.Everythingshediscovered____45____(excite)Zhengaboutherupcomingcollegelife.Shesharedthenewswithherfriends.____46____(know)thatshewasleavingforamainlandprovince,however,theyhadmanyconcerns,becauseneithershenoranyofthemknewanythingaboutit.Buttoeveryone’ssurprise,Zhengquicklyadapted____47____hernewlife.Inherdormitory(宿舍),sheandherroommateslookedafterandmotivatedoneanother.Forexample,herroommatestaughther____48____(type)inpinyinandtowritesimplifiedChinesecharacters.WhenZhengreturnedtotheuniversityaftervacations,shegottotastelocaldelicaciesfromnearlyeverymainlandprovince,____49____herclassmatesbroughtfromtheirhometowns.“Myfriendsarelikemyfamily,”Zhengsaid.“Thei