廣東省2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末四校聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣東省2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末四校聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AJournalsMakeThoughtfulHolidayGiftsJournalsspecificallyaimedatself-care,wellnesspracticesandgratitudemakebeautiful,thoughtfulandcaringgiftsforyourlovedonesthisholidayseason.Herearesomejournalsworthwrappingup.The6-MinuteDiaryThe6-MinuteDiary($28)featuresdailypageswhereyoucantakethreeminutestoreflectonthestartofyourday,andthreeminutestoreflectattheend.You’llfocusonthreethingsyou’regratefulfor,howtomaketodaygreat,agooddeedyoudidthatday,howyou’llimprove,andthreethingsyouappreciatedthatday.Therearealsoweeklyandmonthlyself-reflections.PapierJoyGratitudeJournalWithitseye-popingfrontcover,thisjournal($35)ismakingusfeelsignificantlypeppier.Thebookisfilledwithfivemonthsworthofentriesandprompt,allgearedtohelpinguserstoseekoutandappreciatemoremindfulmomentswithintheirday-to-daylives.Papier’sWellnessJournalPapier’sWellnessJournal($33)startsoffwithakindandgentlereminderthatpracticingmindfulnessisaboutpractice-notperfection.The12-weekjournalisfilledwithsectionsusedforoutlining“feel-goodgoals”andyourprogresstowardthem,sectionstowritedownhealthymealsandreflectionpages.Self-CareJournalThis90-dayhardcoverjournal($31)willinspireyoutocommittoyourselfcareroutine,whileencouraginghealthyhabitslikesleepingwell,eatingnourishingfood,gettinginthehabitofdailymovement,andmore.Plus,itpromotesthehabitualpracticeofdoingotherenrichingthingsthatsimplybringyoujoysuchassocializing,journaling,meditating,andexpressinggratitude.1.WhatshouldyoudoattheendofthedaywhileusingThe6-MinuteDiary?A.Answersomeinspiringquestions. B.Spendsixminutesappreciatingtheday.C.Reorganizeyourroutineforthenextday. D.Usethreeminutestolookbackontheday.2.Whichjournalemphasizesforminghealthylifestylehabits?A.Self-CareJournal B.The6-MinuteDiaryC.Papier’sWellnessJournal D.PapierJoyGratitudeJournal3.Whatdothefourjournalshaveincommon?A.Theyfocusonlong-termgoalsetting.B.Theyhelpuserstracktheirphysicalfitness.C.Theyincludedailyorweeklyreflectionprompts.D.Theyencourageuserstorecordtheirhealthymeals.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了適合作為節(jié)日禮物的幾種不同類(lèi)型的日記本及其特點(diǎn)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The6-MinuteDiary”部分中“The6-MinuteDiary($28)featuresdailypageswhereyoucantakethreeminutestoreflectonthestartofyourday,andthreeminutestoreflectattheend.You’llfocusonthreethingsyou’regratefulfor,howtomaketodaygreat,agooddeedyoudidthatday,howyou’llimprove,andthreethingsyouappreciatedthatday.Therearealsoweeklyandmonthlyself-reflections.(“6分鐘日記”（28美元）每天都有一頁(yè)，你可以花三分鐘來(lái)反思一天的開(kāi)始，也可以花三分鐘來(lái)反思一天的結(jié)束。你會(huì)把注意力集中在三件你感激的事情上，如何讓今天變得美好，你當(dāng)天做了一件好事，你將如何改進(jìn)，以及你當(dāng)天感激的三件事。還有每周和每月的自我反省。)”可知，在一天結(jié)束的時(shí)候，當(dāng)你使用“6分鐘日記”時(shí)，在一天結(jié)束時(shí)，你應(yīng)該用三分鐘時(shí)間來(lái)回顧這一天，可以將注意力集中在三件你感激的事情上。故選D。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Self-CareJournal”部分中“This90-dayhardcoverjournal($31)willinspireyoutocommittoyourselfcareroutine,whileencouraginghealthyhabitslikesleepingwell,eatingnourishingfood,gettinginthehabitofdailymovement,andmore.(這本為期90天的精裝日記（31美元）將激勵(lì)你致力于你的自我護(hù)理，同時(shí)鼓勵(lì)你養(yǎng)成健康的習(xí)慣，比如睡個(gè)好覺(jué)，吃有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的食物，養(yǎng)成每天運(yùn)動(dòng)的習(xí)慣等等)”可知，Self-CareJournal強(qiáng)調(diào)養(yǎng)成健康的生活習(xí)慣。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The6-MinuteDiary”部分中的“Therearealsoweeklyandmonthlyself-reflections.(還有每周和每月的自我反省)”、“PapierJoyGratitudeJournal”部分中的“Thebookisfilledwithfivemonthsworthofentriesandprompt,allgearedtohelpinguserstoseekoutandappreciatemoremindfulmomentswithintheirday-to-daylives.(這個(gè)本子包含了5個(gè)月的條目和提示，所有這些都是為了幫助用戶(hù)在日常生活中尋找和欣賞更多的正念時(shí)刻)”、“Papier’sWellnessJournal”部分中“The12-weekjournalisfilledwithsectionsusedforoutlining“feel-goodgoals”andyourprogresstowardthem,sectionstowritedownhealthymealsandreflectionpages.(這個(gè)為期12周的日記本有很多部分用來(lái)概述“感覺(jué)良好的目標(biāo)”和你朝著這些目標(biāo)取得的進(jìn)展，還有一些部分用來(lái)記錄健康飲食和反思頁(yè)面)”以及“Self-CareJournal”部分中的“This90-dayhardcoverjournal($31)willinspireyoutocommittoyourselfcareroutine,whileencouraginghealthyhabitslikesleepingwell,eatingnourishingfood,gettinginthehabitofdailymovement,andmore.(這本為期90天的精裝日記本（31美元）將激勵(lì)你致力于你的自我護(hù)理，同時(shí)鼓勵(lì)你養(yǎng)成健康的習(xí)慣，比如睡個(gè)好覺(jué)，吃有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的食物，養(yǎng)成每天運(yùn)動(dòng)的習(xí)慣等等)”可知，這四種日記本的共同之處是包括每日或每周的反思提示。故選C。BMywifeandIhaven’thadmuchtimetoourselves.Attheendofaday’sparenting,there’softensolittletimeleftthateven35minutesofourfavouriteTVshowfeelspointless.Especiallysinceseveraltimesthisyear,we’vemanagedtotimeitrightasashowgetscancelled.Bedtimeistherealtime-suck.Sinceourkidsnowsharearoom,ourprojecthasbeenputtingthemdownatthesametime.Butthisistough.Atsix,oursoninsistsonstayinguplaterthanatwo-year-old.Theproblemis,Iagreewithhim.I’vebeenconditionedbymychildhood.With10siblings,differentbedtimeswerestrictlyenforcedasatinysymbolicseparation.Bedtimescameinrigiddeadlines,informallyattachedtothepopularsoapoperas.TheyoungestreportedthemselvesabedonceNeighboursfinished.Over-12shadtoretireonceHomeandAwayendedat7p.m.Butthetruemilestoneforemotionalmaturitywasonewhereitscharactershadnoseringsanddislikedschool.Tostayuppastthatpoint,youhadtobeoldenough,andsucheldersgovernedthosebelowlikemarines.Iwastheninthof11,soIstillassociatethecreditsofthesesoapswiththetuningofheadsfromeightelders,whoscannedtheroomforthoseavoidingbedtime.It’sstrangethatwhatwasoncedebatablenowappearsunquestionable.This,itseems,isthesongofabirdthathascometoloveitscage.Ijustcan’thelpthinkingmysonneedsabedtimeseparatefromayoungchild,notleastonewhotakes45minutestosleepinafullydarkenedroom.So,wemakecompromises.Weputthemdowntogetherintheirrespectivebedsat7:15pm.Storytimeisdirectedatmydaughter,whilemysonisgiventwobooks.Asslowlyaswecan,westealawayfromtheroom,oncethere’sonlysoftbreathingandlightreading.Trembling,wetiptoedownstairstobecomereacquaintedwithourselvesand,joyofjoys,towatchafullhourofsomeshowthathasinevitablybeencanceledbythetimeyou’rereadingthis.4.WhatmakeswatchingTVshowsmeaninglessforthecouple?A.Thetiringworkloadofafulldayofparentingduties.B.Theargumentbetweentheirtwokidsaboutbedtime.C.Theunfortunatecancellationoftheirfavouriteshows.D.Thebrieftimeavailableaftertheircaringforthekids.5.Whatcanwelearnaboutthebedtimesintheauthor’schildhood?A.Theysymbolizedthedifferinglevelsofgrowth.B.Theyreflectedthepowerplayamongallsiblings.C.Theyshowedtheparents’preferenceforolderkids.D.TheymarkedtheImportanceoforderinthefamily.6.Whydoestheauthormention“thesongofabird”inparagraph4?A.Tohighlighthisformerresistancetobedtimerules.B.Toshowhisconflictedattitudetooldbedtimerules.C.Toemphasizethecontrastbetweensongsandcages.D.Tocomparechildhoodruleswiththeircompromises.7.Whatistheauthor’stoneinthepassage?A.Criticalandcasual. B.ReflectiveandplayfulC.Humorousandtolerant. D.Seriousandsympathetic.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了作者夫婦在育兒后的生活狀態(tài)，特別是關(guān)于孩子睡覺(jué)時(shí)間的安排和作者對(duì)此的思考與妥協(xié)。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Attheendofaday’sparenting,there’softensolittletimeleftthateven35minutesofourfavouriteTVshowfeelspointless.(一天的育兒工作結(jié)束后，留給我們的時(shí)間往往很少，甚至35分鐘我們最喜歡的電視節(jié)目都覺(jué)得毫無(wú)意義。)”可知，照顧孩子后的短暫時(shí)間讓看電視對(duì)這對(duì)夫婦來(lái)說(shuō)毫無(wú)意義。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“With10siblings,differentbedtimeswerestrictlyenforcedasatinysymbolicseparation.Bedtimescameinrigiddeadlines,informallyattachedtothepopularsoapoperas.TheyoungestreportedthemselvesabedonceNeighboursfinished.Over-12shadtoretireonceHomeandAwayendedat7p.m.Butthetruemilestoneforemotionalmaturitywasonewhereitscharactershadnoseringsanddislikedschool.(有10個(gè)兄弟姐妹，不同的就寢時(shí)間被嚴(yán)格強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行，作為一種微小的象征性分離。睡覺(jué)時(shí)間有嚴(yán)格的截止日期，非正式地與流行的肥皂劇聯(lián)系在一起。“鄰居們”一講完，最小的幾個(gè)孩子就說(shuō)自己上床睡覺(jué)了。12歲以上的孩子必須在《主客場(chǎng)》晚上7點(diǎn)結(jié)束后退休。但情感成熟的真正里程碑是，劇中人物戴著鼻環(huán)，不喜歡上學(xué)。)”可知，作者童年的就寢時(shí)間象征著不同的成長(zhǎng)水平。故選A。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“It’sstrangethatwhatwasoncedebatablenowappearsunquestionable.This,itseems,isthesongofabirdthathascometoloveitscage.(奇怪的是，曾經(jīng)有爭(zhēng)議的事情現(xiàn)在似乎毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)了。這似乎是一只愛(ài)上籠子的鳥(niǎo)兒的歌聲。)”可知，作者在第4段提到“鳥(niǎo)之歌”是為了表明他對(duì)舊的就寢規(guī)則的矛盾態(tài)度。故選B。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Bedtimeistherealtime-suck.Sinceourkidsnowsharearoom,ourprojecthasbeenputtingthemdownatthesametime.Butthisistough.Atsix,oursoninsistsonstayinguplaterthanatwo-year-old.Theproblemis,Iagreewithhim.(就寢時(shí)間真的很浪費(fèi)。由于我們的孩子們現(xiàn)在共用一個(gè)房間，我們的項(xiàng)目一直在同時(shí)讓他們失望。但這很難。六歲的兒子堅(jiān)持要比兩歲的孩子晚睡。問(wèn)題是，我同意他的觀點(diǎn)。)”可知，作者夫婦努力讓孩子在同一時(shí)間睡覺(jué)但很困難，作者甚至贊同兒子晚點(diǎn)睡覺(jué)，表現(xiàn)出一種反思的語(yǔ)氣；最后一段“Trembling,wetiptoedownstairstobecomereacquaintedwithourselvesand,joyofjoys,towatchafullhourofsomeshowthathasinevitablybeencanceledbythetimeyou’rereadingthis.(我們顫抖著，躡手躡腳地走下樓梯，重新認(rèn)識(shí)自己，并在快樂(lè)的喜悅中，看了整整一個(gè)小時(shí)的節(jié)目，在你讀到這篇文章的時(shí)候，這些節(jié)目不可避免地被取消了。)”可知，作者夫婦做出的妥協(xié)，并在孩子睡著后悄悄地去看電視節(jié)目，這部分的語(yǔ)氣則較為輕松和詼諧，故作者在這篇文章中的語(yǔ)氣是反思和俏皮的。故選B。CSincethefirstastronautsspenttimeinspace,scientistshaveknownthatspacetravelaffectsthehumanbodyinstrangeways.Muscleandbonemassdecreaseandtheriskofconditionsusuallyassociatedwitholdage,suchascancersandcataracts(白內(nèi)障),ticksup.Whythehumanbodyshoulddeclinefasterinspaceisstilllargelyamystery,butonethatresearchersaredealingwithincreasingurgencyascivilianspacetravelbecomesmorefeasible.InarecentstudythatinvolvedsendingmusclesamplestotheInternationalSpaceStation,some250milesaboveEarth,researchersfromStanfordMedicinefoundthatthelackofgravityinspaceimpairsthenormalregenerativeabilityofmuscle.Thesamplesweregrownfrommusclecellsdonatedbyhealthyvolunteerstoresemblethebundledstructureofmusclefibres.Theyspentsevendaysgrowinginspace,thenfrozenuntiltheirreturntoEarth.Theresearchersfoundnotablesimilaritiesbetweenmusclethathadspentaweekinmicrogravity(gravityaboardtheInternationalSpaceStationisabout0.1%ofgravityonEarth)andmuscleinolderadultswithsarcopenia(肌肉減少癥),amuscle-wastingconditionthatdevelopsoverdecades.Bothindicatedashifttowardmorefattyacidmetabolism(脂肪酸代謝)andagreatertendencytowardcelldeath.Theimpairedregenerationcouldcontributetowhyastronauts’musclesweakenevenwithregularexercise.“Microgravityisalmostlikeanaccelerateddisease-formingplatformandenvironment,”saidNganHuang,PhD,seniorauthorofthestudypublishedrecentlyinStemCellReports.“It’simportanttounderstandhowmicrogravityisaffectingdifferenttissuesinthebody,withmusclebeingoneofthemostessentialonesbecauseofhowmuchofitwehaveinourbodies.”Huang’steamalsotesteddrugsthatpartiallypreventedtheseimpairmentsinthemusclesamples,whichcouldbenefitspacetravellersandEarth-boundseniors—perhapsevenseniorspacetravellersalike.Ultimately,Huang,whoisalsoaprincipalinvestigatorattheVeteransAffairsPaloAltoHealthCareSystemhopestofindwaystoenhancemuscleregenerationtohealseveremuscleinjuries,likethosemanySoldiersinjuredduringwars.8.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinparagraph2?A.Difficulttocomplete.B.Lawfultoconduct.C.Expensivetoattempt.D.Possibletoachieve.9.Whatcanwelearnaboutthemusclesamplesintherecentstudy?A.Theydevelopedsarcopeniaafteraweekinspace.B.Theywerecollecteddirectlyfromvolunteers’muscles.C.Theymayfailtofunctionproperlyafterreturningfromspace.D.Theywerefrozenduetothefreezingtemperaturesinmicrogravity.10.Whyismicrogravitydescribedasan“accelerateddisease-formingplatform”?A.Itstopsmusclefromrecoveringafterinjury.B.Itreproduceslong-termconditionsinashortertime.C.Itaffectsastronautswithpre-existingconditionsonly.D.Itspeedsupcancerandcataractsdevelopmentinastronauts.11.WhatisHuanglikelytofocusoninfutureresearch?A.Provingspacetraveladvancesaginginastronauts.B.Investigatingmicrogravity’simpactonmusclestructure.C.Creatingwaystoboostmuscleregenerationincriticalinjuries.D.Designingexercisestopreventmusclelossduringspacetravel.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)太空的微重力環(huán)境會(huì)損害肌肉的正常再生能力，而這種癥狀和老年人的肌肉所患癥狀有相似性?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“researchersaredealingwithincreasingurgencyascivilianspacetravelbecomesmorefeasible(隨著民用太空旅行變得更加feasible，研究人員正在處理越來(lái)越緊迫的問(wèn)題)”并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，民用太空旅行變得越來(lái)越可行，所以研究人員才處理與太空旅行有關(guān)的緊迫問(wèn)題，feasible意為“可行的”，與D項(xiàng)“可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的”意思一致。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Theresearchersfoundnotablesimilaritiesbetweenmusclethathadspentaweekinmicrogravity(gravityaboardtheInternationalSpaceStationisabout0.1%ofgravityonEarth)andmuscleinolderadultswithsarcopenia(肌肉減少癥),amuscle-wastingconditionthatdevelopsoverdecades.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，在微重力環(huán)境（國(guó)際空間站上的重力約為地球重力的0.1%）下一周的肌肉與患有肌肉減少癥的老年人的肌肉之間存在顯著相似之處，肌肉減少癥是一種數(shù)十年來(lái)發(fā)展的肌肉萎縮癥狀)”可知，在微重力環(huán)境下一周的肌肉和患有肌肉減少癥的老年人的肌肉之間有明顯的相似之處，由此可推測(cè)出，肌肉樣品從太空回來(lái)之后可能無(wú)法像正常肌肉一樣運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。故選C?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Theresearchersfoundnotablesimilaritiesbetweenmusclethathadspentaweekinmicrogravity(gravityaboardtheInternationalSpaceStationisabout0.1%ofgravityonEarth)andmuscleinolderadultswithsarcopenia(肌肉減少癥),amuscle-wastingconditionthatdevelopsoverdecades.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，在微重力環(huán)境（國(guó)際空間站上的重力約為地球重力的0.1%）下度過(guò)一周的肌肉與患有肌肉減少癥的老年人的肌肉之間存在顯著相似之處，肌肉減少癥是一種數(shù)十年來(lái)發(fā)展的肌肉萎縮癥狀)”可知，在微重力環(huán)境下一周的肌肉與老年人在數(shù)十年里萎縮的肌肉之間有明顯相似之處，由此可推測(cè)出，微重力能夠在較短時(shí)間里讓慢性病產(chǎn)生，所以被稱(chēng)為加速疾病形成的平臺(tái)。故選B?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ultimately,Huang,whoisalsoaprincipalinvestigatorattheVeteransAffairsPaloAltoHealthCareSystemhopestofindwaystoenhancemuscleregenerationtohealseveremuscleinjuries,likethosemanySoldiersinjuredduringwars.(最終，黃也是帕洛阿托退伍軍人事務(wù)醫(yī)療保健系統(tǒng)的首席研究員，她希望找到促進(jìn)肌肉再生的方法來(lái)治療嚴(yán)重的肌肉損傷，例如許多在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中受傷的士兵)”可推知，黃在未來(lái)可能專(zhuān)注于尋找方法來(lái)促進(jìn)嚴(yán)重受損的肌肉再生。故選C。DInastimulatinginterviewwiththephilosopherDanielDennettinLivingonEarth,DannetsharedthatCharlesDarwinandAlanTuringmightmakethesamediscovery.Darwinshowedhowyoucangettheappearanceofpurposeanddesignoutofblindprocessesofnaturalselection.AndTuringsaidthatanycomputableproblemcanbecomputedbyamachinewithoutunderstanding.Thehostthenvoicedaconcern:asAladvances,machineswillcometolordoverus.Dennettacknowledgesthere’satakeoverriskbutclaimsit’smisunderstood.Theriskisnotthatmachineswillbecomeautonomousrulersbutthatwewilldependtoomuchonmachines.ThemainissuewithAIisnotintelligencebutautonomy.Attheendoftheday,eventhesmartestcomputersareourtools,andtheirintentionsareours.Or,totheextentthatwecanspeakoftheirintentionsatall.Theintentionofaself-drivingcartoavoidanobstacle,forexample,iswhatit’sdesignedfor.Ourgrowingdependenceontechnologiesdoesn’tmeanwearelosingournaturalautonomyinquitethissense.Ourneedsremain.Butitisalossofautonomy.Evenautomechanicsthesedaysrelyoncomputersand,intheeraofself-drivingcars,willanyofusstillknowhowtodrive?Thinkwhatwouldhappenifwelostelectricity?We’dbethrownbackintothe19thcentury,asDennettsays.Butthingswouldbeworseaswelackknow-howthatmadeitpossibleforourancestorstolivewellintheoldendays.Thetruthis,we’vebeentechnologicalsinceourdawnasaspecies.Wefirstfoundourselvesinthearchaeologicalrecordwherewesawagreatexpositionoftools,technologies,art-makingandlanguage.Inasense,beinghumanmeansbeinglikeacyborg,whichisatechnologicalextensionofournaturalselves.Thissuggeststhatatanytimeinourdevelopment,alarge-scalebreakdowninthetechnologicalsystemwouldspellnotexactlyourdoom,butourcompletereorganization.Perhapswhatmakesourcurrentdilemmaunprecedented(史無(wú)前例的)isthefactthatwearesocloselynetworked.WhenthelibraryofAlexandriaburneddown,booksandknowledgewerelost.Butinaworldwherelibrariesarereplacedbytheironlineversions,itisn’tunimaginablethateverylibrarycouldbesinplydeleted.Whathappenstousthen?12.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmightDennetmostlikelyagreewith?A.AImightbeoverlyreliedon.B.AIdoesn’thavecomprehension.C.AI’sdevelopmentisbounded.D.AI’sevolutionresemblesnaturalselection.13.Whichofthefollowingexamplesbestmatchestheideaof“know-how”inparagraph4?A.Ascholarstudiesthetheoryofnaturalselection.B.Anoblemanhiresservantstodoallthehousework.C.Afarmerbuildsatablebyhandusingtraditionaltools.D.Aworkeroperatesamachinefollowingpresetinstructions.14.Whydidtheauthormentionlibrariesinparagraph6?A.Toshowthetechnologicalstability.B.Toprovethetechnologicalsafeguard.C.Toemphasizethetechnologicalweakness.D.Toillustratethetechnologicaltransformation.15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.IstheConcernArtificialIntelligenceorAutonomy?B.HowwillTechnologyBreakdownChangeOurLives?C.WillArtificialAutonomyThreatenHumanity’sExistence?D.HowdoestheHuman-TechnologyRelationshipDevelop?【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文，主要探討了AI和人類(lèi)自主性的關(guān)系、人類(lèi)對(duì)技術(shù)的依賴(lài)、人類(lèi)的技術(shù)本質(zhì)以及當(dāng)前網(wǎng)絡(luò)化社會(huì)面臨的特殊困境?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Dennettacknowledgesthere’satakeoverriskbutclaimsit’smisunderstood.Theriskisnotthatmachineswillbecomeautonomousrulersbutthatwewilldependtoomuchonmachines.(Dennett承認(rèn)存在被取代的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，但他認(rèn)為這種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)被誤解了。風(fēng)險(xiǎn)不在于機(jī)器會(huì)成為自主統(tǒng)治者，而在于我們會(huì)過(guò)度依賴(lài)機(jī)器。)”可知，Dennet最有可能同意的說(shuō)法是人工智能可能會(huì)被過(guò)度依賴(lài)。故選A?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Thinkwhatwouldhappenifwelostelectricity?We’dbethrownbackintothe19thcentury,asDennettsays.Butthingswouldbeworseaswelackknow-howthatmadeitpossibleforourancestorstolivewellintheoldendays.(想想如果我們斷電會(huì)發(fā)生什么？正如丹尼特所說(shuō)，我們會(huì)被拋回19世紀(jì)。但事情會(huì)變得更糟，因?yàn)槲覀內(nèi)狈κ刮覀兊淖嫦仍谶^(guò)去的日子里生活得很好的技術(shù)。)”可知，“know-how”的技術(shù)是使我們的祖先在過(guò)去的日子里生活得很好的技術(shù)，符合“know-how”的概念的是一位農(nóng)民用傳統(tǒng)工具手工制作一張桌子。故選C?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Perhapswhatmakesourcurrentdilemmaunprecedented(史無(wú)前例的)isthefactthatwearesocloselynetworked.(也許我們目前的困境之所以前所未有，是因?yàn)槲覀兪侨绱司o密地聯(lián)系在一起。)”和“Butinaworldwherelibrariesarereplacedbytheironlineversions,itisn’tunimaginablethateverylibrarycouldbesinplydeleted.(但在一個(gè)圖書(shū)館被其在線(xiàn)版本所取代的世界里，想象一下，所有的圖書(shū)館都可能被輕易刪除，這并不是不可想象的。)”可知，作者在第6段提到圖書(shū)館是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)技術(shù)上的弱點(diǎn)。故選C?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段“Thehostthenvoicedaconcern:asAladvances,machineswillcometolordoverus.(主持人隨后表達(dá)了擔(dān)憂(yōu)：隨著人工智能的發(fā)展，機(jī)器將主宰我們。)”和第三段“ThemainissuewithAIisnotintelligencebutautonomy.(人工智能的主要問(wèn)題不是智能，而是自主性。)”可知，本文主要探討了AI和人類(lèi)自主性的關(guān)系、人類(lèi)對(duì)技術(shù)的依賴(lài)、人類(lèi)的技術(shù)本質(zhì)以及當(dāng)前網(wǎng)絡(luò)化社會(huì)面臨的特殊困境，因此最好的題目是A選項(xiàng)“IstheConcernArtificialIntelligenceorAutonomy?(人們擔(dān)憂(yōu)的是人工智能還是自主性？)”。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。OnJuly4,1972,apairofyoungnewlywedsnamedTonyandMaureenwereonthedrivewayofafamilyhomeinthesouthofEngland._____16_____.Orsomewhere.Theyhadatrunkfulloffood,cookingequipmentandsomesleepingbags.TheybelievedthattheirjourneyacrossAsiawouldbenothingmorethanalittleadventurebeforetheysettleddowntoasteady,middle-classlifeinEngland.Anditturnedouttobejustthekindofadventurethecouplelongedfor.TheygotcaughtinasnowstormintheItalianAlps;bumpedintoamotorcycleinIran;thensoldtheircar.Fromthere,itwasabustoPakistan,thenontoIndia.ThecouplehitchhikedsouthacrossThailandandonthroughMalaysiaandSingapore._____17_____.TonyandMaureeneachlostmorethantenpoundsinthefiveandahalfmonthsittookthemtogetfromEnglandtoAustralia._____18_____.AndbythetimetheymadeittoSydneytheyhadpreciselytwenty-sevencentslefttosustainthem._____19_____.ThebookshopstheycouldhavevisitedbackinEnglandin1972wouldhavehadpreciouslittletoofferinthewayofpracticaladvicefortheirroute.Butthat’snottosaythatTonyandMaureenhadnothingtoguidethem.Astheywoulddiscoversoon,theirsinglebestsourceofinformationwastheothertravelersthey’dencounterontheroad._____20_____.AndthesenoteswouldateprovetobeaveryvaluableresourceforthebookAcrossAsiaontheCheap,beginningoftheirLonelyPlanetguidebooks—thegospel(真理)ofadventuretravelfortensofmillionsofreaders.A.Theywouldalsoexchangeinformation.B.Theyoncewantedtostoptheirjourney.C.They’dcoveredovertenthousandmiles.D.Tonytookverycarefulnotesoftheinformationeveryday.E.Theysetoutonthefinallegofthetrip-WesternAustralia.F.Whatdidtheyoungcouplehavetoguidetheminallofthis?G.TheyweredrivingausedminivanandtheirgoalwastogettoIndia.【答案】16.G17.E18.C19.F20.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了1972年7月4日，一對(duì)名叫托尼和莫林的年輕新婚夫婦從英國(guó)到澳大利亞旅行的事跡?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“OnJuly4,1972,apairofyoungnewlywedsnamedTonyandMaureenwereonthedrivewayofafamilyhomeinthesouthofEngland.(1972年7月4日，一對(duì)名叫托尼和莫林的年輕新婚夫婦走在英格蘭南部一戶(hù)人家的車(chē)道上)”以及后文“Orsomewhere.Theyhadatrunkfulloffood,cookingequipmentandsomesleepingbags.TheybelievedthattheirjourneyacrossAsiawouldbenothingmorethanalittleadventurebeforetheysettleddowntoasteady,middle-classlifeinEngland.(或者某個(gè)地方。他們有一個(gè)裝滿(mǎn)食物、烹飪?cè)O(shè)備和一些睡袋的箱子。他們認(rèn)為，在他們?cè)谟?guó)安定下來(lái)，過(guò)上穩(wěn)定的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)生活之前，他們的亞洲之旅只不過(guò)是一次小小的冒險(xiǎn))”可知，后文提到了某個(gè)地方，且他們有一些旅途用品，推測(cè)這對(duì)夫婦要外出旅行，本句是在說(shuō)明他們的目的地。故G選項(xiàng)“他們開(kāi)著一輛二手小貨車(chē)，他們的目標(biāo)是去印度”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。【17題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Anditturnedouttobejustthekindofadventurethecouplelongedfor.TheygotcaughtinasnowstormintheItalianAlps;bumpedintoamotorcycleinIran;thensoldtheircar.Fromthere,itwasabustoPakistan,thenontoIndia.ThecouplehitchhikedsouthacrossThailandandonthroughMalaysiaandSingapore.(事實(shí)證明，這正是這對(duì)夫婦所渴望的冒險(xiǎn)。他們?cè)谝獯罄柋八股皆庥隽吮╋L(fēng)雪；在伊朗撞上了一輛摩托車(chē)；然后賣(mài)掉了他們的車(chē)。從那里，這是一輛開(kāi)往巴基斯坦的巴士，然后又開(kāi)往印度。這對(duì)夫婦搭便車(chē)南下泰國(guó)，然后經(jīng)過(guò)馬來(lái)西亞和新加坡)”以及下一段“TonyandMaureeneachlostmorethantenpoundsinthefiveandahalfmonthsittookthemtogetfromEnglandtoAustralia.(在從英國(guó)到澳大利亞的五個(gè)半月里，托尼和莫林每人都瘦了十多磅)”可知，本句是在講他們最后到達(dá)的地方是在澳大利亞。故E選項(xiàng)“他們出發(fā)去旅行的最后一站——西澳大利亞”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。【18題詳析】根據(jù)上文“TonyandMaureeneachlostmorethantenpoundsinthefiveandahalfmonthsittookthemtogetfromEnglandtoAustralia.(在從英國(guó)到澳大利亞的五個(gè)半月里，托尼和莫林每人都瘦了十多磅)”以及后文“AndbythetimetheymadeittoSydneytheyhadpreciselytwenty-sevencentslefttosustainthem.(當(dāng)他們到達(dá)悉尼時(shí)，他們只剩下27美分來(lái)維持生活)”可知，上文說(shuō)明了旅行持續(xù)的時(shí)間，推測(cè)本句會(huì)解釋旅行的距離。故C選項(xiàng)“他們已經(jīng)走了一萬(wàn)多英里了”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)后文“ThebookshopstheycouldhavevisitedbackinEnglandin1972wouldhavehadpreciouslittletoofferinthewayofpracticaladvicefortheirroute.(如果回到1972年的英國(guó)，他們本可以去的書(shū)店對(duì)他們的路線(xiàn)幾乎沒(méi)有什么實(shí)用的建議)”可知，后文提到了1972年的書(shū)店對(duì)路線(xiàn)沒(méi)有實(shí)用的建議，推測(cè)本句針對(duì)他們獲得的旅行指導(dǎo)或建議進(jìn)行設(shè)問(wèn)。故F選項(xiàng)“這對(duì)年輕夫婦在這一切中有什么指導(dǎo)？”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)后文“AndthesenoteswouldateprovetobeaveryvaluableresourceforthebookAcrossAsiaontheCheap,beginningoftheirLonelyPlanetguidebooks—thegospel(真理)ofadventuretravelfortensofmillionsofreaders.(這些筆記后來(lái)被證明是《廉價(jià)穿越亞洲》這本書(shū)的寶貴資料，這本書(shū)是《孤獨(dú)星球》旅行指南的開(kāi)端，對(duì)數(shù)千萬(wàn)讀者來(lái)說(shuō)，這本書(shū)是冒險(xiǎn)旅行的福音)”可知，后文提到了筆記成為資料，說(shuō)明他們?cè)诼猛局羞M(jìn)行了記錄。故D選項(xiàng)“托尼每天都非常仔細(xì)地記錄信息”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Lastyear,my9-year-oldsonLeopoldandIwentonaskitriptoKeystone,Colorado.Wemade(a)n_____21_____:sayyestoeverything,especiallynewexperiences.Leopoldisapickyeaterandcan_____22_____totrynewthings,soIwantedto_____23_____himwithoutturningtoold-fashionedadvicelike“You’llneverknowifyoulikeitunlessyoutry.”WhenwearrivedinKeystone,westartedbytryingnewfoodsand_____24_____.Itastedaveganmeatball,andLeopold_____25_____hashbrowns—anAmericanpotatodish.Neitherofuslovedit,butweboth_____26_____itas“notbad.”Thenextday,Leopoldfacedhisfearof_____27_____torideachairliftforsnowboarding.Ialso_____28_____myselfforaskionanadvancedslope.Later,weeven_____29_____thecoldnessbytryinganoutdoorhottub.Itwasfreezing,buttheexperiencewas_____30_____.WecontinuedsayingyesonourspringbreaktriptoSt.Augustine,Florida,whosemoonlitghosttourgaveusathrillofpleasureand_____31_____.TheninYellowstone,wewentlinedancingatacountry-westernbar,swingingourwaists_____32_____.Ourfamily_____33_____continuedthroughthewholesummer,_____34_____memorieswe’llneverforget.Thewholeexperience_____35_____areminder:tostepoutofcomfortzoneandlivelifetothefullest.21.A.agreement B.appointment C.difference D.effort22.A.manage B.resolve C.expect D.hesitate23.A.remind B.encourage C.promise D.force24.A.approaches B.tricks C.games D.activities25.A.sampled B.prepared C.served D.processed26.A.explained B.pictured C.rated D.celebrated27.A.ambition B.judgment C.height D.commitment28.A.treated B.challenged C.justified D.prepared29.A.survived B.braved C.skipped D.pursued30.A.refreshing B.familiar C.reliable D.admirable31.A.anticipation B.excitement C.gratitude D.curiosity32.A.wildly B.gently C.peacefully D.skillfully33.A.history B.tradition C.entertainment D.adventure34.A.preserving B.recalling C.creating D.regaining35.A.calledfor B.accountedfor C.passeddownto D.camedownto【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.D25.A26.C27.C28.B29.B30.A31.B32.A33.D34.C35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要通過(guò)作者的自身經(jīng)歷，講述了走出舒適圈，對(duì)更多的挑戰(zhàn)說(shuō)YES?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們達(dá)成了一個(gè)協(xié)議：對(duì)一切都說(shuō)“是”，尤其是新的體驗(yàn)。A.agreement協(xié)議；B.appointment約會(huì)；C.difference差異；D.effort努力。根據(jù)后文“sayyestoeverything,especiallynewexperiences.”可知，“對(duì)一切都說(shuō)“是”，尤其是新的體驗(yàn)”是他們達(dá)成的協(xié)議。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：利奧波德是一個(gè)挑食的人，在嘗試新事物的時(shí)候會(huì)猶豫，所以我想鼓勵(lì)他，而不是求助于過(guò)時(shí)的建議，比如“除非你嘗試，否則你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)知道你是否喜歡它?！盇.manage設(shè)法；B.resolve決定；C.expect期待；D.hesitate猶豫。根據(jù)上文“Leopoldisapickyeaterandcan”可知，兒子挑剔，對(duì)嘗試新事物猶豫。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：利奧波德是一個(gè)挑食的人，在嘗試新事物的時(shí)候會(huì)猶豫，所以我想鼓勵(lì)他，而不是求助于過(guò)時(shí)的建議，比如“除非你嘗試，否則你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)知道你是否喜歡它?！盇.remind提醒；B.encourage鼓勵(lì)；C.promise承諾；D.force迫使。根據(jù)后文“withoutturningtoold-fashionedadvicelike“You’llneverknowifyoulikeitunlessyoutry.”作者想鼓勵(lì)挑剔的兒子嘗試新事物，所以才達(dá)成了這個(gè)協(xié)議。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們到達(dá)Keystone時(shí)，我們開(kāi)始嘗試新的食物和活動(dòng)。A.approaches方法；B.tricks技巧；C.games游戲；D.activities活動(dòng)。根據(jù)后文“torideachairliftforsnowboarding”可知，他們嘗試了新的食物和活動(dòng)。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我嘗了一份素食肉丸，利奧波德嘗了一份土豆餅——一種美式土豆。A.sampled品嘗；B.prepared準(zhǔn)備；C.served服務(wù)；D.processed加工。根據(jù)后文“hashbrowns—anAmericanpotatodish”可知，兒子品嘗了新食物。故選A?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們都不喜歡它，但我們都認(rèn)為它“不錯(cuò)”。A.explained解釋?zhuān)籅.pictured想象；C.rated認(rèn)為；D.celebrated慶祝。