課件英語(yǔ)選擇性必修三Unit6Usinglanguage

BYMICHELLEUnit6NatureinwordsUsinglanguageReview:non-finiteformsasattributive,adverbialandcomplementGrammar01Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.a

...Isawthegroundsofantasticallycarpeted.b

...wakeuptofindyourselfinanotherquitedifferent，...c

...Icanseethechildrenflatteningtheirnosesagainstthewindow，...d

...flattenedmynoseagainstthecoldwindowtowatchthefallingsnow...1Whatisthedifferencebetweentheverbsinboldinsentences（a）and（c）?2Insentence（b），does“tofind”indicatepurposeorresult?3Insentence（d），does“towatch”indicatepurposeorresult?Whatisthefunctionof“falling”?“Carpeted”insentence（a）isapastparticipleusedascomplementand“flattening”insentence（c）isapresentparticipleusedascomplement.Insentence（b），“tofind”indicatesresult.Insentence（d），“towatch”indicatespurpose；“falling”isanattributiveusedtodescribethesnow.Nowlookformoresentenceswiththesestructuresinthereadingpassage....,whomIfoundalllooking

throughthewindowatthemagicoutsideandtalkingawayasexcitedasifChristmashadsuddenlycomeroundagain....,andlastyearIwasoutofthecountry,sweatinginhotclimate,...,...withthefaintlyflushedsnowliningitsbranchesandartfullydisposedalongitstrunk,......,andallthetreessomanyblackandthreateningshapes.Therewereindeedsomethingcuriouslydisturbingaboutthewholeprospect.Review:non-finiteformsasattributive,adverbialandcomplement非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)不定式todo動(dòng)名詞/現(xiàn)在分詞doing過(guò)去分詞done不定式todo

作定語(yǔ)不定式作定語(yǔ)通常放在其修飾的名詞或代詞之后。Isthisthebestwaytohelphim?Yourwish

tobeateacherisquiteunderstandable.不定式作定語(yǔ)與被修飾的名詞或代詞之間是主謂關(guān)系、動(dòng)賓關(guān)系、同位關(guān)系或修飾關(guān)系。ThenexttraintoarrivewasfromChengdu.

Pleasegivemesomethingtodrink.Westudentsshouldhavethecouragetofaceanydifficulty.Nowitistimetobegin

ourclass.不定式todo

作狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以表示謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的原因、目的、結(jié)果。Hecamehere

toattendanimportantmeeting.Samwasverysurprisedtohearthenews.HewenthometofindhisoldfriendGeorgewaitingforhim.目的原因結(jié)果不定式todo

作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)帶to的不定式I'dlike

you

tokeepeverythingtidy.Theteacherasked

us

tofinishtheworktoday.Canyouremind

me

tophoneAnntomorrow?wantaskhelpwouldlikewouldloveexpectbegmean(=intend)wouldpreferwouldhatetellremindforceenableteachorderwarninvitepersuadegetadviserecommendencourageallowpermitforbid不定式todo

作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)不帶to的不定式用于使役動(dòng)詞let、make和have后面Herparentswouldn’tlet

her

gooutalone.Thebossmadetheworkers

work14hoursaday.Theteacheroftenhas

hisstudents

read

aloudinclass.用于感官動(dòng)詞feel,hear,see和watch等后面Ifelt

something

crawlupmyarm.Didyouhear

himgoout?Theysawtheboy

fallsuddenlyfromthetree.Theywatchedthebus

disappearintothedistance.V-ing形式作定語(yǔ)單個(gè)的動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語(yǔ)位于被修飾名詞的前面，既可以表示被修飾者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修飾者的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。drinkingwater=awalkingstick=areadingroom=awritingdesk=tiringmusic=waterfordrinking飲用水a(chǎn)stickforwalking手杖aroomforreading閱覽室adeskforwriting寫字臺(tái)musicthatistiring煩人的音樂(lè)V-ing形式作定語(yǔ)若單個(gè)的動(dòng)詞-ing形式修飾的詞為those,something,everything,nothing

等代詞時(shí)，則-ing形式要放在其后。Heisreadingsomething

interesting.Thereisnothing

amazing.

V-ing形式短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，放在所修飾的名詞之后，并且在意思上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。Theylivedinaroomfacingthestreet.=Theylivedinaroomthatfacesthestreet.ThemanstandingthereisPeter’sfather.=ThemanwhoisstandingthereisPeter’sfather.V-ing形式作定語(yǔ)-ing形式短語(yǔ)也可以用作非限制定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，這時(shí)，它與句子其他部分用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。Hisbrother,workingasateacher,livesinBeijing.=Hisbrother,whoisworkingasateacher,livesinBeijing.Theappletree,swayinggentlyinthebreeze,hadagoodcropoffruit.=Theappletree,whichwasswayinggentlyinthebreeze,hadagoodcropoffruit.V-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)V-ing形式用作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以表示謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的原因、時(shí)間、結(jié)果、條件、伴隨、讓步和方式等，起作用相當(dāng)于狀語(yǔ)從句或并列句。Walkinginthestreet,Isawatailor’sshop.Beingpoor,hecouldn’taffordaTVset.Hisfatherdied,leavingthefamilyevenworseoff.

Usingyourhead,youwillfindagoodway.Studyinghard,hedidn’tpasstheexam.Heearnsalivingdrivingatruck.Hesatinthechairreadinganewspaper.時(shí)間原因結(jié)果條件讓步方式伴隨WhenIwalkedinthestreet,Isawatailor’sshop.Becausehewaspoor,hecouldn’taffordaTVset.Hisfatherdiedandleftthefamilyevenworseoff.Thoughhestudiedhard,hedidn’tpasstheexam.Ifyouuseyourhead,youwillfindagoodway.Hesatinthechairandreadanewspaper.Heearnsalivingbydrivingatruck.V-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)V-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，它的邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與主句的主語(yǔ)是一致的。Lookingoutofthewindow,acatwaswalkingalongthewall.Lookingoutofthewindow,wesawacatwalkingalongthewall.V–ing用于某些固定搭配中，表示說(shuō)話人的態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)等，如：generallyspeaking,frankly/honestlyspeaking,judgingby/from,considering/seeing,supposing等。Supposingitrains,wewillputoffthesportsmeeting.Generallyspeaking,boysaremoreinterestedinsciencethangirls.V-ing形式作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)see,watch,hear,feel,notice,smell等感官動(dòng)詞后接V-ing作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),表示該動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。Ididn’t

noticehimwaiting.Ifeltanantclimbingovermyleg.have,leave,keep等使役動(dòng)詞后接V-ing作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),表示“使處于某種狀態(tài)”。Theyshutthedoorandleft,leavingthefireburning.Sorry,I’vekeptyouwaiting

alongtime.V-ed形式作定語(yǔ)單個(gè)-ed作定語(yǔ)。及物動(dòng)詞的-ed形式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)一般兼有被動(dòng)和完成的意義。abrokencup一個(gè)破杯子awoundedsoldier一名傷員不及物動(dòng)詞的-ed形式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)只有完成意義。agrownwoman一位成年婦女a(chǎn)nescapedprisoner一名逃犯V-ed短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)通常后置，其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。thecolorTVset

producedlastyear

=thecolorTVset

thatwasproducedlastyear

aletter

writtentomebymydaughter=aletter

thatwaswrittentomebymydaughterV-ed形式作狀語(yǔ)V-ed形式用作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以表示謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、伴隨或方式，相當(dāng)于狀語(yǔ)從句或并列句。邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與句子的主語(yǔ)一致。Askedwhathadhappened,hekeptsilent.Caughtinaheavyrain,hewasallwet.Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.Leftaloneathome,thelittleboydidn’tfeelafraidatall.Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,followedbysomestudents.時(shí)間原因條件讓步伴隨Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,hekeptsilent.Becausehewascaughtinaheavyrain,hewasallwet.Ifweweregivenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,andhewasfollowedbysomestudents.Althoughhewasleftaloneathome,thelittleboydidn’tfeelafraidatall.V-ed形式作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)like,want,wish,order等后面接V-ed作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),表示命令或希望某件事被完成。Iwantthesuitmadetohisownmeasure.Hedidn’twish

itmentioned.see,hear,notice,observe,watch,feel,find等感官動(dòng)詞后接V-ed作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),表示該動(dòng)作與賓語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系或者該動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。Isawanoldmanknockeddownbyacarjustnow.have,get,make,leave,keep等使役動(dòng)詞后接V-ed作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),表示動(dòng)作由他人完成。We’rehaving

ourcarrepaired.在with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中可接不定式，V-ing和V-ed作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。這一結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作時(shí)間、方式、條件、原因等狀語(yǔ)。Withalotofwork

todo,hewasn'tallowedtogoout.Withspringcomingon,treesturngreen.Withprices

goingupsofast,wecan'taffordluxuries.Withwaterheated,wecanseethesteam.

Themurdererwasbroughtin,with

hishandstied

behindhisback.(方式)(條件)(原因)(時(shí)間)(原因)不定式表示將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作;V-ing和前面的賓語(yǔ)是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系;V-ed和前面的賓語(yǔ)是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。1.

(2022年新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)HenryTylermadethecatchoftheyearontheweekend.Whenhesawayoungchildhangingfromasixth-floorapartmentbalcony(陽(yáng)臺(tái)),Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedovera1.2-metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthe____________(fall)child.2.

(2022年全國(guó)甲卷)Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an,asafirststep_____________(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路線)byfoot.3.

(2022年全國(guó)甲卷)InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation______________(hold)inBeijing,Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.Afriendofhis,WuFan,volunteeredtobehiscompanionduringthetrip.fallingtojourneyheld4.

(2022年全國(guó)乙卷)“Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha____________(share)futureformankind,”hesaid.5.

(2020浙江)Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology

(change)lives.

6.

(2020江蘇)Technologicalinnovation,

(combine)withgoodmarketing,willpromotethesalesoftheseproducts.

7.

(2020課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅱ)Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans

(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.

8.

(2020北京)EarthDay,

(mark)on22April,isanannualeventaimingtoraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotection.

sharedtochangecombinedtoretiremarked9.(2020課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅱ)Theyrepresenttheearth

(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.

10.(2020課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅰ)Scientistshaverespondedby

(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements.11.(2022年新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Ericwokeupalittlelaterwhenheheardchildrenplayingoutside.Hepushedachairontothebalcony,andclimbedup____________(see)them.12.(2022年全國(guó)甲卷)Now,CaohasstartedthesecondpartofhisdreamtowalkalongtheBeltandRoadroute.Heflew4,700kilometersfromXi’antoKashgaronSept.20,___________(plan)tohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.

comingnotingtoseeplanningCompletethepassagewiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.TheLakePoetswereasmallgroupofpoets1

（live）intheLakeDistrictofEnglandinthelate18thandearly19thcenturies.TheLakeDistrict，2

（know）foritsbeauty，isinthenorth-westofEngland.Thefirstofthepoets3

（come）therewasRobertSouthey，oneofthemost4

（respect）poetsofhistime.HewasfollowedbyWilliamWordsworth，perhapsBritain’smost5

（celebrate）19thcenturypoet，andthenSamuelColeridge，whohadwrittenthe6

（pioneer）workLyricalBalladswithWordsworth.Soon，7

（draw）bothbyitsnaturalbeautyandadesiretobenearthesefamouspoets，otherpoetscame8

（live）intheLakeDistrict.AllofthesepoetswereseenaspartoftheRomanticMovement.livingknowntocome/comingrespectedcelebratedpioneeringdrawntoliveLookatthepictureandcompletethetraveljournalentrywiththewordsinthebox.Usethestructuresyouhavelearntinthisunitwhereappropriate.findblowgoseefallrelaxenjoyrunToday,whilstwalkingalongapeacefulriverrunningthroughauniversitycampus,Iwasamazedtofind…Talkaboutatravelexperienceofyourownthatbroughtyouclosertonature，usingthestructuresyouhavelearntinthisunitwhereappropriate.VocabularyBuilding02DescribingnatureReadtheparagraphandanswerthequestions.Payattentiontothewordsinbold.Whatdoesthisparagraphmainlydescribe?Whataspectsdoestheauthordescribe? ThisparagraphmainlydescribesthebeautifulappearanceinthemonthofAugust.Theauthordescribestheskies，fields，flowers，orchards，trees，wheatandthequalityofthelight.PutthewordsinActivity5intotheboxes.Findoutwhattheyareusedtodescribe.SoundColourActionShapeSmellSensationloudclear，greenrich，goldenblooming,bend,bow,piled,waving,sweeps，tinges,makesthickclusters，gracefulsheavesfresh，sweet-smellingfresh，bleak，gentle，soft，pleasantNowthinkofmorewordsineachcategoryandaddthemtotheboxes.Thendescribenatureduringyourfavouriteseasonwiththewordsyouhavelearnt.Openadictionary，andyou’llbesurprisedtofindthattherearemanymorewordsaboutnaturethanyouwouldthink.Therearevariouswaystodescribethethingsweseeinthenaturalworld，nomatterwhetherit’saflower，ananimalortherain.Forexample，therearemanywaystodescribethedifferentsoundsofbirds，suchaschatter，chirp，cluck，hootandtweet.Thesewordscanhelpustowritevividdescript