2018屆高考英語知識點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練9

必修一Unit5閱讀理解·組塊專練——練速度(限時：35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2016·成都外國語學(xué)校3月模擬)I’mseventeen.IhadworkedasaboxboyatasupermarketinLosAngeles.Peoplecametothecounterandyouputthingsintheirbagsforthemandcarriedthingstotheircars.Itwashardwork.Whileworking,youwearaplatewithyournameonit.IoncemetsomeoneIknewyearsago.Irememberedhisnameandsaid,“MrCastle,howareyou？”Wetalkedaboutthisandthat.Asheleft,hesaid,“Itwasnicetalkingtoyou,Brett.”Ifeltgreat,forherememberedme.ThenIlookeddownatmynameplate.Oh,no.Hedidn’tremembermeatall;hejustreadthenameplate.IwishIhadput“Irving”downonmynameplate.Ifhe’dhavesaid,“Ohyes,Irving,howcouldIforgetyou？”I’dhavebeenreadyforhim.There’snothingpersonalhere.Themanagerandeveryoneelsewhowereastepabovetheboxboysoftenshoutedorders.Oneofthesewas:youcouldn’taccepttips.Okay,I’moutsideandIputthebagsinthecar.Foralotofpeople,thenaturalreactionistotakeaquarterandgiveittome.I’dsay,“I’msorry,Ican’t.”They’dgetangry.Whenyougivesomeoneatip,you’resortofbeingpolite.Youtakeaquarterandyouputitintheirhandandyouexpectthemtosay,“Oh,thanksalot.”Whenyousay,“I’msorry,Ican’t.”Theyfeelalittleput_down.Theysay,“Noonewillknow.”Andtheyputitinyourpocket.Yousay,“Ireallycan’t.”Itgetstoapointwhereyoualmosthavetohurtapersonphysicallytopreventhimfromtippingyou.Itwasnotinagreementwiththestore’sbeliefinbeingfriendly.Acceptingtipswasafriendlythingandmadethecustomerfeelgood.Ijustcouldn’tunderstandthestrangenessofsomepeople’sideas.Oneladyactuallyputitinmypocket,gotinthecar,anddroveaway.Iwouldhavehadtothrowthequarteratheroreatenitorsomething.Ihaddecidedthatoneyearwasenough.Somepeopleneededthejobtostayaliveandfed.IguessIhadthemeansandcouldaffordtohateitandgiveitup.eq語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者在文中講述了自己放棄超市提袋員這個工作的原因。1．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthistext?A．HowHardLifeIsforBoxBoysB．GettingalongwithCustomersC．WhyIGaveupMyJobD．TheArtofTakingTips解析：選C標(biāo)題歸納題。通過閱讀全文可知，作者在超市工作時有顧客給小費(fèi)，他認(rèn)為接受小費(fèi)是一種禮貌行為；但是經(jīng)理不允許他收小費(fèi)，這使得作者很為難，最后作者放棄了這份工作。C項概括了全文主旨，適合做本文的標(biāo)題。2．Fromthesecondparagraph,wecaninferthat________.A．thewriterdidn’tliketheimpersonalpartofhisjobB．withanameplate,peoplecaneasilystarttalkingC．MrCastlemistookIrvingforBrettD．Irvingwasthewriter’srealname解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第九句“Hedidn’tremembermeatall;hejustreadthenameplate.”可知，顧客之所以能叫出作者的名字，是因為他身上佩戴了寫有名字的名牌。同時由第二段最后一句“There’snothingpersonalhere.”可推知，作者應(yīng)該是不喜歡自己的工作缺乏人情味這一點(diǎn)。故選A。3．Theboxboyrefusedtoaccepttipsbecause________.A．customersonlygavesmalltipsB．somecustomershadstrangeideasabouttippingC．thestoredidn’tallowtheboxboystotaketipsD．hedidn’twanttofightwiththecustomers解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Oneofthesewas:youcouldn’taccepttips.”可知，公司不允許接受小費(fèi)，所以作者拒絕收客人的小費(fèi)。故選C。4．Theunderlinedphrase“putdown”inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans“________”．A．misunderstood B．defeatedC．hateful D．hurt解析：選D詞義猜測題。文中第三段提及，如果作者不接受客人的小費(fèi)，客人會很不高興，且由“Itgetstoapoint...preventhimfromtippingyou.”的提示可推知，putdown的意思應(yīng)為“受傷害”，與hurt意思相近。故選D。B(2016·萊蕪一中高三段考)ManyexpertssaythatBillyWilderchangedthehistoryofAmericanmovies.HeisoftencalledthebestmoviemakerHollywoodhaseverhad.Hewasknownformakingmoviesthatofferedsharpsocialcomment.Wilderwasoneofthefirstdirectorstodothis.Betweenthemiddle1930sandthe1980s,BillyWildermadealmostfiftymovies.Duringthattimehereceivedmorethantwentynominations(提名)fromtheAcademyofMotionPictureArtsandSciences.HewonsixoftheOscarawards.Hismovieshavebeenseenbypeoplearoundtheworld.In1944,BillyWildermadethefilmDoubleIndemnity.SomecriticssaidthismovieestablishedhimasoneofthegreatestHollywooddirectors.WilderdirectedTheLostWeekendin1945.RayMillandplaysthepartofanalcoholicwriterinthemovie.Itshowsthatalcoholruleshislife,yethedoesnotadmitit.Hehidesalcoholinhishomeandsaysheisnotdrinking.In1950,WildermadeSunsetBoulevard.Thismovietoldofanagingactressinsilentmovies.Sheplanstoreturntomoviesthoughfacingmanyproblems.In1954,BillyWilderbecameanindependentproducer.Thenextyear,Wilder’sfirstmovieasanindependentfilmmakerwasahugesuccess.ItwasSevenYearItch.Inthismovie,amarriedmailmanwantstocheatonhiswifewithsomeofhisfriends.In1959,Wildermadeafunnymoviethatwasverypopular.ItwasSomeLikeItHot.Ittellsabouttwojazzmusiciansbeingchasedbycriminals.Theydecidetowearwomen’sclothesandjoinabandinwhichallthemusicianswerewomen.WilderdiedinMarch,2002.Hewasninety-five.AcurrentHollywoodproducersaid:“BillyWildermademoviesthatpeoplewillneverforget.”語篇解讀：本文是說明文。文章介紹了美國著名的電影導(dǎo)演BillyWilder比利·懷爾德的電影制作成就。5．Thetextismainlyabout________.A．thebackgroundofAmericanmoviesB．thedevelopmentofAmericanmoviesC．Wilder’sattitudetoAmericanmoviesD．Wilder’sachievementsinAmericanmovies解析：選D主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章首段和各段的首句可知，本文主要介紹的是美國電影導(dǎo)演BillyWilder的電影制作成就。6．WhatwasWilderfamousforaccordingtoPara.2?A．Hisuniquestyleofmakingmovies.B．Sharpremarksonsocietyinhismovies.C．Morethantwentyawardshereceived.D．Almostfiftymoviesheproducedhimself.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知BillyWilder擅長制作尖銳評論社會的電影，這是他出名的原因。7．WhichofthefollowingmadeWilderamongthegreatestHollywooddirectors?A．DoubleIndemnity. B．SunsetBoulevard.C．TheLostWeekend. D．SomeLikeItHot.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段前兩句“1944年，BillyWilder制作了電影《雙倍賠償》，這部電影使他躋身于好萊塢著名導(dǎo)演的行列?！笨芍xA。8．Thetextisdevelopedmainlyby________.A．followingtimeorder B．makingcomparisonsC．a(chǎn)nalyzingexactdata D．givinginstructions解析：選A篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。根據(jù)各段的年份可知，本文是按時間順序來組織的。C(2016·衡水一中高三模擬)IntheUS,thepotatoisoneofthemostwidelyconsumedcrops.FrenchfriesarecommonlyfoundintypicalAmericanfast-foodburgerjointsandcafeterias.FrenchfrieswereintroducedtotheUSwhenThomasJeffersonservedthemintheWhiteHouseduringhispresidencyfrom1801to1809.Potatochipsarepopularwithconsumersaswell.Thehumblepotatoismorethanjustakindoffood.Inmanywaysit’spartofAmericanpopculture.Let’stakealookatsomepopculturepotatoes.MashedPotatodanceTheMashedPotatodanceisacrazethatbeganin1962.Thenameofthedancecamefromthesongitaccompanies,MashedPotatoTime,performedbyAmericanR&BsingerDeeDeeSharp.ThemovevaguelyresemblesthatoftheTwistdancestyle,bySharp’sfellow,Philadelphian,ChubbyChecker.HotPotatoHotPotatoisanactionpuzzlevideogamereleasedin2001.Inthegametheplayermustdriveabusandcleartheroadofalienpotatobeings.Thepotatobeingsareeitherredorblue;whentwosame-colorpotatoestoucheachother,theydisappear.Overtheyears,HotPotatohasreceivedmostlypositivereceptionfromcritics.Mr.PotatoHeadMr.PotatoHeadisanAmericantoyinventedbyGeorgeLernerin1949.Thetoyconsistsofaplasticpotatomodelandavarietyofplasticpartslikehands,feet,earsandmouths.In1952,Mr.PotatoHeadbecamethefirsttoyadvertisedontelevision.Thiscommercialrevolutionizedmarketingandcausedaboomthatsolidifiedthistoy’splaceinAmericanpopculture.eq語篇解讀：在美國，土豆是暢銷的作物之一。本文主要介紹了三種關(guān)于土豆的流行文化。9．WhichisthenewesttoAmericanpopculture?A．Frenchfries. B．MashedPotatodance.C．HotPotato. D．Mr.PotatoHead.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)這幾個時間：1801至1809年、1962年、1949年和2001年可知，應(yīng)選擇C。10．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．FrenchfrieswerepopularintheUSwhenfirstservedintheWhiteHouse.B．MashedPotatoTimecamefromMashedPotatodance.C．PlayerscanplayHotPotatoontheirphone.D．Mr.PotatoHeadcanbetakenapart.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“Thetoyconsistsofaplasticpotatomodelandavarietyofplasticpartslikehands,feet,earsandmouths.”可推知，Mr.PotatoHead可以被拆分，因此應(yīng)選擇D。11．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．EnjoyAmericanFastFoodB．HaveFunwithPotatoesC．DifferentUsesofPotatoesD．AmericanFoodCulture解析：選B標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講了土豆不再只是食物，它有很深刻的文化韻味，產(chǎn)生了很多有趣的流行文化，因此應(yīng)選擇B。D(2016·鄭州市高中畢業(yè)年級質(zhì)量預(yù)測)“Aphotographthatonehastakenofoneself,typicallywithasmartphoneorwebcamanduploadedtoasocialmediawebsite”isthedefinitionof“selfie”intheOxfordEnglishDictionary.Infact,itwasn’teveninthedictionaryuntilAugustof2013.Itearneditsplacetherebecausepeoplearenowsoobsessedwith(對……癡迷)selfies—wetakethemwhenwetryonanewhat,playwithourpetsorwhenwemeetafriendwhomwehaven’tseeninawhile.Butisthereanyscientificexplanationforthisobsession?Well,youshouldprobablyaskJamesKilner,aneuroscientist(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學(xué)家)atUniversityCollegeLondon.Throughourlifetimewebecomeexpertsatrecognizingandinterpretingotherpeople’sfacesandfacialexpressions.Incontrast,accordingtoKilner,wehaveaverypoorunderstandingofourownfacessincewehavelittleexperienceoflookingatthem—wejustfeelthemmostofthetime.Thishasbeenprovedinpreviousstudies,accordingtotheBBC.Kilnerfoundthatmostpeoplechosethemoreattractivepicture.Thissuggeststhatwetendtothinkofourselvesasbetter-lookingthanweactuallyare.Tofurthertesthowweactuallyperceiveourownfaces,Kilnercarriedoutanotherstudy.Heshowedpeopledifferentversionsoftheirownportrait—theoriginal,onethathadbeeneditedtolooklessattractiveandonethatwasmademoreattractive—andaskedthemtopicktheversionwhichtheythoughtlookedmostlikethem.Theychosethemoreattractiveversion.Butwhatdoesitsayaboutselfies?Well,isn’tthatobvious?Selfiesgiveusthepowertocreateaphotograph—bytakingitfromvariousangles,withdifferentposes,usingfilters(濾色鏡)andsoon—thatbettermatchesourexpectationswithouractualfaces.“Yousuddenlyhavecontrolinawaythatyoudon’thaveinnon-virtual(非虛擬的)interactions，”KilnertoldtheCanada-basedCTVNews.Selfiesallowyou“tokeeptakingpicturesuntilyoumanagetotakeoneyou’rehappywith”，heexplained.eq語篇解讀：本文是一篇研究報告。分析了人們喜歡自拍的原因。12．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Thedefinitionandfunoftakingselfies.B．Astudyofwhypeoplelovetakingselfies.C．Howtakingselfiesinfluencespeople’sdailylives.D．Howtointerpretpeople’sfacialexpressionsintheirselfies.解析：選B主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章從不同角度分析了人們喜歡自拍的原因。故B項正確。13．Theunderlinedword“perceive”inParagraph5canbereplacedby“________”．A．interpret B．beautifyC．choose D．explain解析：選A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)語境可知，大多數(shù)人選擇的是更有魅力的照片，這表明我們都喜歡把自己想象得比實際更漂亮一些。為了進(jìn)一步測試我們實際上如何“認(rèn)知”自己的臉部，Kilner又進(jìn)行了另一項研究，即把不同的照片進(jìn)行編輯，一張忠實于本人，一張更具魅力，他們往往會選擇后者。此處perceive與下文中的“thought”相照應(yīng)，意為“理解，認(rèn)知”。故A項正確。14．WhatdidKilnerdiscoverfromhisresearches?A．Peopleinterpretothers’facialexpressionsworsethantheirown.B．Peopletendtospendmoretimelookingattheirfacesthanatothers’.C．Peopletendtobelievetheylookmoreattractivethantheyactuallyare.D．Peoplewholiketakingselfiesknowmoreabouttheirfacialexpressions.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“Heshowedpeople...moreattractiveversion.”可知，人們往往認(rèn)為自己的容貌要比實際上有魅力得多。故C項正確。15．AccordingtoKilner,peopleliketakingselfiesprobablybecausetheythink________.A．itisagoodchancetolearnmoreabouttheiractualfacesB．itisawaytorespondtoothers’facialexpressionscorrectlyC．itenablesthemtointeractwiththeirfriendsinsocialmediaD．itallowsthemtosatisfytheirexpectationswiththeirappearances解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后兩段中的“thatbettermatchesourexpectationswithouractualfaces”和“Selfiesallowyou’tokeeptakingpicturesuntilyoumanagetotakeoneyou’rehappywith’”可知，自拍能夠讓我們實際的容貌與期望的一致，即滿足對于自我容貌的期待。故D項正確。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(2016·江西八所重點(diǎn)中學(xué)聯(lián)考)Weallfacequantitiesofstressinaday-to-dayliving,whetheratwork,athome,oranywhereinbetween.__1__Here’showstresscanhelpusonaneverydaybasis.?Sharpeningyourmemory.Didyouevernoticethatsometimeswhenyouarestressed,yourmemoryseemstoimprove?Rememberthattestyoupassedwheretheanswersseemedtocomeoutofnowhere?__2__It’sbecauseofstresshormones(荷爾蒙)thatincreaseyouralertnesswhenit’smostneeded.?__3__Successfulemployeesturnstressintomotivation.Haveyouevernoticedthatyougettheleastamountofworkdonewhenyouhavethefew