2023屆四川省南充市高三下學(xué)期高考適應(yīng)性考試（三診）英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

南充市高2023屆高考適應(yīng)性考試(三診)英語(yǔ)試題本試卷分為試題卷和答題卡兩部分,其中試題卷共12頁(yè),答題卡共2頁(yè)。滿(mǎn)分150分,考試時(shí)間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng):1.答題前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。不能答在本試卷上,否則無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后將答題卡收回。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分30分)回答聽(tīng)力部分時(shí),先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將你的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿(mǎn)分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whattimeisitnow?A.7:20.B.7:30.C.7:40.2.Howwilltheweatherbenextweek?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Snowy.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Awriter.B.Abook.C.Afilm.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inasupermarket.C.Intheman’shouse.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Themanisalwaysbusy.B.Themanisunwillingtohelpher.C.Themanwon’tfinishhisreportontime.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿(mǎn)分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whatdidtheboyusetoaskhismothertobuy?A.Amagazine.B.Afootball.C.Anewspaper.7.WhydoestheboywantthenewspapercalledDailyScience?A.Toprepareforaproject.B.Tolookforadsonmotorbikes.C.Toreadanarticleaboutfootball.聽(tīng)第7段材料,回答第8至9題。8.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthequizshow?A.It’sreallyboring.B.Itstartsverylate.C.It’sveryfunny.9.Whatwillthespeakerswatchintheend?A.Thetalkshow.B.Thequizshow.C.Theprogramaboutpandas.聽(tīng)第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Whenistheplanescheduledtoleavenow?A.At12:30p.m.B.At2p.m.C.At3p.m.11.Whatdidthewomansee?A.Shakingtrees.B.Damagedhouses.C.Smoothroads.12.Whatdoesthemanwanttodonext?A.Makeaphonecall.B.Havesomecoffee.C.Lookattheflightschedule.聽(tīng)第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.WhydidMikeleavehisjob?A.Hedidn’tlikethejob.B.Hewantedtogoonatrip.C.Hemadesomemistakes.14.Whatdoesthewomanworryabout?A.WhetherRickyishelpful.B.WhetherMikecangetabetterjob.CWhetherMikeandRickycangetonwell.15.WhatdoweknowaboutMikeandRicky?A.Theyhavecommoninterests.B.Theyworkedinthesamecafe.C.Theyhaveseeneachotherrecently.16.WhatdoesMikedecidetodointheend?A.Gotoacafe.B.Callhisboss.C.MeetRickysometime.聽(tīng)第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Howmanynewstudentsaretherethisyear?A.1,070.B.520.C.430.18.WhatcanstudentsdointheRobinsonBuildingnow?A.SeesomestudentworkB.Listentoatalk.C.Watchafilm.19.Whichplaceisstillunderconstruction?A.TheRobinsonBuilding.B.TheSportsCenter.C.TheStudyCenter.20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggeststudentsdointheend?A.Returntothecollegehall.B.Askhimsomemorequestions.C.Gotothedepartmentsappealingtothem.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿(mǎn)分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。ABeinterestedinlearninganewlanguagebutdon’tknowwheretostart?Herearethebestonlinelanguagelearningcourseswe’veputtogetherforyourreference.RosettaStonePrice:$7.99permonth-$199one-timepaymentRosettaStoneofferslessonsfornewlanguagelearnersthatareshortenoughtocompleteeachday.Itsinterface(界面)isgenerallyeasytouse,anditslessonsincludereading,writing,speakingandlistening,allinonelesson.Youcanalsochoosetosubscribetoamonthlypaymentorpurchasealifetimelicense.DuolingoPrice:Free-$6.99permonthTheserviceofDuolingoisbestknownforitsAndroidandiOSapps,whichareavailableforfree.YoucanalsosignupforDuolingoPlus,whichremovesadsandoffersofflinecourses.ManyconsiderDuolingotobebetterforthosewhowanttopracticealanguageratherthanlearnfromtheverybeginning.BabbelPrice:$6.95permonth-$12.95permonthBabbelisexcellentatteachingphrasesandwordsthatyou’llactuallyuseonaday-to-daybasis.Theserviceisalsorelativelycheap,soifyou’reunsureifyouwanttocommittolearninganewlanguageyet,thelowsubscriptionpricesensureyoudon’thavetomakeahugecommitment.MemrisePrice:S6.67permonth-S119.99one-timepaymentIfyoulearnbestthroughrepetitionandflashcards,thenMemrisemaybetheserviceforyou.Memriseisn’tnecessarilytheserviceforthosewhowanttolearnalanguagefromthebeginning,butit’sagreatlearningaid,andgoodforthosewhoalreadyhaveafoundationinlanguage-learning.1.WhatisspecialaboutRosettaStone?A.Itoffersaone-monthfreetrial.B.Itfeaturesasimpleinterfacewithoutads.C.Itisintendedforhigh-levellearners.D.Ithelpsimprovemultiplelanguageskills.2.Whichcoursefocusesonreal-lifetopics?A.RosettaStone. B.Duolingo. C.Babbel. D.Memrise.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Alanguagemagazine. B.Amarketingplan.C.Anacademicreport. D.Aninstructionmanual.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章主要介紹了幾種在線語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)課程?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RosettaStone部分中“Itsinterface(界面)isgenerallyeasytouse,anditslessonsincludereading,writing,speakingandlistening,allinonelesson.(它的界面通常很容易使用，它的課程包括閱讀、寫(xiě)作、口語(yǔ)和聽(tīng)力，都在一堂課中)”可知，RosettaStone的特殊之處在于它有助于提高多種語(yǔ)言技能，故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Babbel部分中“Babbelisexcellentatteachingphrasesandwordsthatyou’llactuallyuseonaday-to-daybasis.(Babbel非常擅長(zhǎng)教授你在日常生活中實(shí)際使用的短語(yǔ)和單詞)”可知，Babbel關(guān)注的是現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的話題，故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段中“Herearethebestonlinelanguagelearningcourseswe’veputtogetherforyourreference.(這里是我們整理的最好的在線語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)課程供你參考)”可知，文章主要介紹了幾種在線語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)課程，故可能是出自一本語(yǔ)言雜志，故選A。BForsignalmaintenancetechnicianChaiRuifeng,Nov.4,2019,isadaytoremember.Hesetoffonwhathethoughtwouldbeatypicaldayonduty,drivingthroughtheprimaryforestsinthenorthoftheGreaterHingganMountainscarryingoutemergencyequipmentrepair.However,hispickuptruckbrokedownonasnow-coveredmountainroad,andtherewasnorescueserviceavailable.Hewasforcedtowalkforsixandahalfhourstogethelpatthenearesttelecommunicationbasestation.“Iamfinallyhome,andI’malive,”Chairecallssayingtohimselfthemomenthefinallysawabuildingwithitslightsonthroughthedark,coldnight.“Mymindwentblank,andIkeptgoing.Asnightfell,Iwasalsoscaredofrunningintowildanimals.WhenIsawthelights,IfelthappierthanI’deverbeen.Anyplacewithlightsonwouldhavefeltlikeahomeatthetime.”For14years,ChaihasbeenworkingasatechnicianinMoridaga,aremotebordertownofInnerMongolia,whichhasanaverageannualtemperatureofaround-6℃,andarecordlowof-56℃.Since2016,hehasbeentheoffice’sonlyemployee.Allyearround,Chairoamstheprimaryforestscovering12,000squarekilometersinhispick-uptruck,hisonlycompanionbeinganAlaskanMalamutecalledHu’niuer.Together,theyhavebeenthroughthickandthin,trudgingthroughthedeepsnow,campinginthewilderness,occasionallyconfrontingwildanimalslivingintheforests.Perseveringwiththejobisnottheresultofyearningforadventurebutthepursuitofself-worth.DuringthetripstosignalmaintenanceChaiconfrontedHerculeantasks,buthepersistedaslongashecouldseeaglimmerofhope.Forthepastdecade,hehasobservedchangesintheregion:Roadsarebeinglaidandimproved,moretelecommunicationbasestationshavebeenbuilt,anditiseasierfortheresidentstocontactothersorusetheInternet.“AlthoughI’mtheonlyonewhohasstayedherefor14years,Iamneveralone,asI’vealwaysbeensupportedbymyfamily,thelocalsandthecompany,”Chaisays.“Ifeellikethisismycalling.”4.WhatinformationcanyougetaboutChaifromParagraph1?A.Heranintowildanimals.BHewasrescuedbyvillagers.C.Hewastrappedintheprimaryforests.D.Hesawthelightsofhishome.5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthechallengeChaihastoface?A.Lowtemperature.B.Deepsnow.C.Wildanimals.D.SuburbanCamping.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Herculean”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Extra.B.Tough.C.Glorious.D.Various.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ALoneTechnicianDeliversPeakPerformanceB.ATalentedTechnicianIsRootedinRemoteAreasC.ABraveTechnicianExperiencesManyAdventuresD.AnAmbitiousTechnicianPursuesExtremeChallenges【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了信號(hào)維護(hù)技術(shù)員柴瑞峰14年來(lái)獨(dú)自一人在內(nèi)蒙古偏遠(yuǎn)的邊境小鎮(zhèn)莫里達(dá)加提供服務(wù)，雖然條件艱苦，但是他仍然出色地完成工作的優(yōu)秀事跡?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Hesetoffonwhathethoughtwouldbeatypicaldayonduty,drivingthroughtheprimaryforestsinthenorthoftheGreaterHingganMountainscarryingoutemergencyequipmentrepair.However,hispickuptruckbrokedownonasnow-coveredmountainroad,andtherewasnorescueserviceavailable.Hewasforcedtowalkforsixandahalfhourstogethelpatthenearesttelecommunicationbasestation.”（他開(kāi)始了他認(rèn)為是典型的一天值班，開(kāi)車(chē)穿過(guò)大興安嶺北部的原始森林，進(jìn)行緊急設(shè)備維修。然而，他的皮卡車(chē)在一條被雪覆蓋的山路上拋錨了，沒(méi)有救援服務(wù)。他被迫步行六個(gè)半小時(shí)去最近的電信基站尋求幫助。）可知，柴瑞峰被困在原始森林里。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“For14years,ChaihasbeenworkingasatechnicianinMoridaga,aremotebordertownofInnerMongolia,whichhasanaverageannualtemperatureofaround-6℃,andarecordlowof-56℃.”（14年來(lái)，Chai一直在內(nèi)蒙古偏遠(yuǎn)的邊境小鎮(zhèn)莫里達(dá)加擔(dān)任技術(shù)員，這里的年平均氣溫約為-6℃，創(chuàng)下了-56℃的歷史新低。）及“Together,theyhavebeenthroughthickandthin,trudgingthroughthedeepsnow,campinginthewilderness,occasionallyconfrontingwildanimalslivingintheforests.”（他們一起經(jīng)歷了艱難險(xiǎn)阻，在深雪中跋涉，在荒野中露營(yíng)，偶爾還會(huì)遇到生活在森林中的野生動(dòng)物。）可知，柴瑞峰面臨的挑戰(zhàn)有低溫，深雪和野生動(dòng)物，沒(méi)有的是D項(xiàng)“郊區(qū)露營(yíng)”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段劃線部分的后半句“buthepersistedaslongashecouldseeaglimmerofhope.”（但只要他能看到一線希望，他就會(huì)堅(jiān)持下去。）可知，but表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，推斷出前半句的提到的任務(wù)是艱巨的，Herculean意為“艱難的”和Tough同義。故選B項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Perseveringwiththejobisnottheresultofyearningforadventurebutthepursuitofself-worth.”（堅(jiān)持工作不是渴望冒險(xiǎn)的結(jié)果，而是對(duì)自我價(jià)值的追求。）及最后一段““AlthoughI’mtheonlyonewhohasstayedherefor14years,Iamneveralone,asI’vealwaysbeensupportedbymyfamily,thelocalsandthecompany,”Chaisays.“Ifeellikethisismycalling.””（Chai說(shuō)：“雖然我是唯一一個(gè)在這里待了14年的人，但我從來(lái)都不是一個(gè)人，因?yàn)槲乙恢钡玫郊胰?、?dāng)?shù)厝撕凸镜闹С??！薄拔矣X(jué)得這是我的使命?！保┛芍?，文章報(bào)道了信號(hào)維護(hù)技術(shù)員柴瑞峰14年來(lái)獨(dú)自一人在內(nèi)蒙古偏遠(yuǎn)的邊境小鎮(zhèn)莫里達(dá)加提供服務(wù)，雖然條件艱苦，但是他仍然出色地完成工作的優(yōu)秀事，即柴瑞峰雖然作為一名孤獨(dú)的技術(shù)人員卻提供了最佳表現(xiàn)。故選A項(xiàng)。CInNovember,2022,artificialintelligence(AI)researchanddevelopmentcompanyOpenAIreleasedachatbotservicecalledChatGPT.Ithastheabilitytocompletealmostanytaskitisasked,fromdebuggingcodetowritingpoetry.“HavingspokenwithpeoplebothattheUMNandatotheruniversities,mygeneralimpressionisthat,whiletherearecertainlysomeanxietiesaboutacademicintegrity(誠(chéng)實(shí)),thereisalsoasenseofopportunityinthat;thistechnology-ifusedappropriately-couldenhanceeducation.”saidLeopold,aprofessorattheUMN.WithChatGPT’slong-termimpactsahead,determiningitsuseinacademicsisstillgrayarea.Whilestudentscanuseittocheatonassignmentsandexams,thereareavarietyofwaysstudentsuseChatGPT,includingresearching,brainstorming,codingandpreparingforjobinterviews.Someinstructorsarecrackingdown(嚴(yán)厲打擊)onstudentswhentheysuspecttheuseofachatbot,butWeixel,ateacherofInstituteofCurriculum,saidshewantstotakeadifferentapproach.WeixelsaidsheisawaresomestudentswilluseChatGPTtocheatonassignments,butsheknowsAIuseisgainingpowerandwouldliketointegrateitsidea-generatingabilitiesintosomeclassassignments.JimHall,aninstructorofWritingStudies,saidherecognizesthedilemmateachersarefacingwithChatGPT.Hesaidheacceptsstudents’useofchatbotstoassistinbrainstorming,butsimplycopyingandpastingcontentwrittenbytheserviceisplagiarism(抄襲).＂It’scausingalotofheartburnforinstructors,”Hallsaid.“Thetechnologyhaschanged,buttheethicshavenot.”Inarecentstudy,UMN’sprofessorsrananexperimentinwhichtheycomparedtheperformanceofChatGPTinclassworktootherstudents.ThebotreceivedaC-minus.TherearestillmanyunknownimplicationsandusesofChatGPT,butlearningmoreaboutAIcanbenefitstudentsastheypreparetogetintoaworkforce,wheretheymayusetheseservices,accordingtoLeopold.8.WhatwasLeopold’sattitudetowardsChatGPT?A.Concernedbutskeptical.B.Supportivebutpuzzled.C.Acceptablebutconcerned.D.Favorablebutdisappointed.9.WhatwasWeixel’sdifferentapproachtousingChatGPT?A.ToincorporateChatGPTintoclasswork.B.TouseChatGPTasabrainstormingtool.C.TocombineChatGPTwithchatsoftware.D.ToapplyChatGPT’sproductivepowertoexam.10.WhatcanweinferfromtheresultoftheexperimentconductedbyUMN’sprofessors?A.ChatGPTisnomatchforotherstudents.B.ChatGPThasmanyimplicationsanduses.C.ChatGPT’sperformancemaybeoverestimated.D.ChatGPT’sperformancelivesuptoexpectations.11.Whatwillmostprobablybetalkedaboutnext?A.TheimplicationsofChatGPTinotherareas.B.SomemorepracticalservicesofChatGPT.C.AfurtherstudyontransformingthefunctionofChatGPTeffectively.D.ExamplesofhowChatGPTequipsstudentswithknowledgeofjobs.【答案】8.C9.A10.C11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇議論文。文章就ChatGPT在學(xué)術(shù)界的利弊進(jìn)行了討論，各位教授就ChatGPT對(duì)學(xué)生的影響提出了不同的觀點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“‘HavingspokenwithpeoplebothattheUMNandatotheruniversities,mygeneralimpressionisthat,whiletherearecertainlysomeanxietiesaboutacademicintegrity(誠(chéng)實(shí)),thereisalsoasenseofopportunityinthat;thistechnology-ifusedappropriately-couldenhanceeducation.’saidLeopold,aprofessorattheUMN.(在與UMN和其他大學(xué)的人交談后，我的總體印象是，雖然對(duì)學(xué)術(shù)誠(chéng)信肯定存在一些擔(dān)憂(yōu)，但也有一種機(jī)會(huì)的感覺(jué)；如果使用得當(dāng)，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)可以提高教育水平。UMN教授利奧波德說(shuō)。)”可知，Leopold認(rèn)為使用ChatGPT得當(dāng)，可以提高教育水平，但是同時(shí)也表達(dá)了因ChatGPT帶來(lái)的對(duì)學(xué)術(shù)誠(chéng)信的擔(dān)憂(yōu)，故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“WeixelsaidsheisawaresomestudentswilluseChatGPTtocheatonassignments,butsheknowsAIuseisgainingpowerandwouldliketointegrateitsidea-generatingabilitiesintosomeclassassignments.(Weixel說(shuō)，她知道一些學(xué)生會(huì)使用ChatGPT在作業(yè)中作弊，但她知道人工智能使用正在變得越來(lái)越強(qiáng)大，并希望將其創(chuàng)意生成能力整合到一些課堂作業(yè)中。)”可知，Weixel希望將ChatGPT整合到課堂作業(yè)中，故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Inarecentstudy,UMN’sprofessorsrananexperimentinwhichtheycomparedtheperformanceofChatGPTinclassworktootherstudents.ThebotreceivedaC-minus.(在最近的一項(xiàng)研究中，UMN的教授們進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)，他們將ChatGPT在課堂上的表現(xiàn)與其他學(xué)生進(jìn)行了比較。這個(gè)機(jī)器人得到了一個(gè)C-的分?jǐn)?shù)。)”，機(jī)器人考了低分，說(shuō)明ChatGPT的性能可能被高估了。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“TherearestillmanyunknownimplicationsandusesofChatGPT,butlearningmoreaboutAIcanbenefitstudentsastheypreparetogetintoaworkforce,wheretheymayusetheseservices,accordingtoLeopold.(根據(jù)利奧波德的說(shuō)法，ChatGPT仍然有許多未知的含義和用途，但更多地了解人工智能可以使學(xué)生們?cè)跍?zhǔn)備進(jìn)入勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)時(shí)受益，他們可能會(huì)使用這些服務(wù)。)”可知，ChatGPT還可以有很多位置的用途，學(xué)習(xí)使用ChatGPT有助于學(xué)生在準(zhǔn)備進(jìn)入勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)時(shí)受益，因此下一段可能會(huì)舉例說(shuō)明ChatGPT如何使學(xué)生具備工作知識(shí)。故選D項(xiàng)。DChildrenwhospendmoretimeplayingadventurouslyhavelowersymptomsofanxietyanddepression,andwerehappieroverthefirstCOVID-19lockdown,accordingtonewresearch.AstudyledbytheUniversityofExeteraskedparentshowoftentheirchildrenengagedinplaythatwas“thrillingandexciting”,wheretheymightexperiencesomefearanduncertainty.Thestudy,publishedinChildPsychiatryandHumanDevelopment,comesatatimewhentoday’schildrenhavefeweropportunitiesforadventurousplayoutofsightofadults,suchasclimbingtrees,ridingbikesorjumpingfromhighsurfaces.Thestudysoughttotesttheoriesthatadventurousplayofferslearningopportunitiesthathelpbuildresilience(韌性)inchildren,therebyhelpingtopreventmentalhealthproblems.Theresearchteamsurveyednearly2,500parentsofchildrenaged5-11years.Parentscompletedquestionsabouttheirchild’splay,theirgeneralmentalhealth(pre-COVID)andtheirmoodduringthefirstCOVID-19lockdown.Theresearchwascarriedoutwithtwogroupsofparents:agroupof427parentslivinginNorthernIrelandandanationallyrepresentativegroupof1,919parentslivinginGreatBritain.Researchersfoundthatchildrenwhospendmoretimeplayingoutsidehadfewer“internalizingproblems”characterizedasanxietyanddepression.ThestudyintheGreatBritaingroupalsofoundthattheeffectwasmorepronouncedinchildrenfromlower-incomefamiliesthanthosegrowingupinhigher-incomehouseholds.HelenDodd,aprofessorofChildPsychologyattheUniversityofExeter,wholedthestudy.said,“Wenowurgentlyneedtoinvestinandprotectnaturalspaces,well-designedparksandadventureplaygrounds,tosupportthementalhealthofourchildren.”Welcomingthefindings.JacquelineO’Loughlin,ChiefExecutiveofPlayBoardNI,said,“Itisclearfromtheresearchfindingsthatplaying,takingrisksandexperiencingexcitementoutdoorsmakepositivecontributionstochildren’smentalhealthandemotionalwell-being.Therewardsofallowingchildrentoself-regulateandmanagechallengeintheirplayarewidespreadandfar-reaching.Adventurousplayhelpschildrentobuildtheresilienceneededtocopewithandmanagestressinchallengingcircumstances.”12.Whatdidtheresearchersintendtostudyaboutadventurousplay?A.Howitcatcheschildren’sattention.B.Howithelpschildrenduringlockdown.C.Howitinfluenceschildren’smentalhealth.D.Howitimproveschildren’slearningability.13.Howwastheresearchconducted?A.Bydoingafieldexperiment.B.Bymakingquestionnairesurveys.C.Byobservingparticipants’behavior.D.Byanalyzingdatafromrelatedstudies.14.Whatcanbeimpliedfromtheresearchfindings?A.Childrengainadaptabilityinadventurousplay.B.Childrenshouldberewardedfortheirself-regulation.C.Children’smentalproblemsarecuredbyadventurousplay.D.Childrenfrompoorfamilieshavefewermentalhealthissues.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thepopularityofchildren’sadventurousplay.B.Thebasicfeaturesofchildren’sadventurousplay.C.Theeffectivewaystoreducechildren’sanxietyanddepression.D.Thecontributionsofadventurousplaytochildren’smentalhealth.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。一項(xiàng)新研究表明，花更多時(shí)間玩冒險(xiǎn)游戲的孩子焦慮和抑郁癥狀較低，而且更快樂(lè)。文章介紹了研究開(kāi)展的過(guò)程、研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)以及人們對(duì)此的看法?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thestudysoughttotesttheoriesthatadventurousplayofferslearningopportunitiesthathelpbuildresilience(韌性)inchildren,therebyhelpingtopreventmentalhealthproblems.(這項(xiàng)研究試圖驗(yàn)證這樣一種理論，即冒險(xiǎn)游戲提供了學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)，有助于培養(yǎng)兒童的適應(yīng)力，從而有助于預(yù)防心理健康問(wèn)題)”可知，研究人員想通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證冒險(xiǎn)游戲有助于培養(yǎng)兒童的適應(yīng)力，從而預(yù)防心理健康問(wèn)題這一理論，即研究人員要研究冒險(xiǎn)游戲是如何影響兒童的心理健康的。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Theresearchteamsurveyednearly2,500parentsofchildrenaged5-11years.Parentscompletedquestionsabouttheirchild’splay,theirgeneralmentalhealth(pre-COVID)andtheirmoodduringthefirstCOVID-19lockdown.(研究小組調(diào)查了近2500名5-11歲兒童的父母。父母?jìng)兓卮鹆岁P(guān)于孩子玩耍、他們的一般心理健康(COVID-19前)以及他們?cè)诘谝淮蜟OVID-19封鎖期間的情緒的問(wèn)題)”可知，研究通過(guò)問(wèn)卷調(diào)查進(jìn)行。故選B。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中JacquelineO’Loughlin和話“Itisclearfromtheresearchfindingsthatplaying,takingrisksandexperiencingexcitementoutdoorsmakepositivecontributionstochildren’smentalhealthandemotionalwell-being.Therewardsofallowingchildrentoself-regulateandmanagechallengeintheirplayarewidespreadandfar-reaching.Adventurousplayhelpschildrentobuildtheresilienceneededtocopewithandmanagestressinchallengingcircumstances.(從研究結(jié)果中可以清楚地看出，在戶(hù)外玩耍、冒險(xiǎn)和體驗(yàn)刺激對(duì)孩子的心理健康和情感健康有積極的貢獻(xiàn)。允許孩子在游戲中自我調(diào)節(jié)和管理挑戰(zhàn)的回報(bào)是廣泛而深遠(yuǎn)的。冒險(xiǎn)游戲可以幫助孩子們?cè)诰哂刑魬?zhàn)性的環(huán)境中建立應(yīng)對(duì)和管理壓力所需的韌性)”可推知，研究結(jié)果暗示孩子們?cè)诿半U(xiǎn)游戲中獲得應(yīng)對(duì)和管理壓力所需的韌性，即“適應(yīng)能力”。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合文章第三段“Thestudysoughttotesttheoriesthatadventurousplayofferslearningopportunitiesthathelpbuildresilience(韌性)inchildren,therebyhelpingtopreventmentalhealthproblems.(這項(xiàng)研究試圖驗(yàn)證這樣一種理論，即冒險(xiǎn)游戲提供了學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)，有助于培養(yǎng)兒童的適應(yīng)力，從而有助于預(yù)防心理健康問(wèn)題)”和第五段“Researchersfoundthatchildrenwhospendmoretimeplayingoutsidehadfewer“internalizingproblems”characterizedasanxietyanddepression.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，花更多時(shí)間在戶(hù)外玩耍的孩子更少出現(xiàn)焦慮和抑郁等“內(nèi)化問(wèn)題”)”可知，文章介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究表明花更多時(shí)間玩冒險(xiǎn)游戲的孩子焦慮和抑郁癥狀較低。由此推知，D選項(xiàng)“Thecontributionsofadventurousplaytochildren’smentalhealth.(冒險(xiǎn)游戲?qū)和睦斫】档呢暙I(xiàn))”最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2分,滿(mǎn)分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Peopleoftenthrowapartytocelebrateavarietyofoccasions.Forexample,birthdays,graduations,holidays,theendofthesemester.thebeginningofsummer,andsoon.Ifyouhaveeverthrownaparty,youmustbeawareofthebiggestproblemofwaste.___16___.Wheredoesallofthisrubbishgo?Itwillendupinthelandfills.Inordertochangethissituation,it’simportanttodecreasewastetothemost.___17___.Asamatteroffact,e-invitationsarequick,easy,andmoremodernthantraditionalpaperinvites.___18___.Ifthereareanypeopleinyourcrowdwhosayit’stacky(俗氣的)tousee-cards,tellthemit’stackiertopollutetheenvironmentbyusingtraditionalones.Thatshouldkeepthemquiet.Reuseandrecycle.Reducewastebybuyingpartyfoods(withlesspackaging)andsendguestshomewithleftovershacks.Useplatesyoucanwashandreuse,ratherthanhandoutdisposablepaperplatesforpeople’spizza.Makeiteasyforyourgueststorecycle.___19___,makingitobviousthatoneisforrealrubbishandtheotherisforrecycledgoods.Alloweachpersononlyonecup.Sinceeveryonehasthesamecup,itisquiteeasytomixupthecups.Afteryouputitdownforasecond,youcan’trecognizewhichcupbelongstoyou.Then,youwillreachforatotallynewone.Astheresult,aftertheparty,youwillfindmanycupsarethrownaway,causingalotofwaste.___20___.A.MakefulluseofpaperinvitationsB.Sende-invitationsinsteadofpaperonesC.It’salsotheenvironmentallysoundestchoiceD.It’sagoodideatoallowgueststotaketheircupsawayE.PutouttworubbishcansandwritesomethingonthemclearlyF.ImaginethemessleftfromallthepartiesthatareheldintheworldG.Tryanewsystemofhandingeachguestacupthatyoumarkwiththeirname【答案】16.F17.B18.C19.E20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一些關(guān)于舉辦“綠色”環(huán)保聚會(huì)的建議?！?6題詳解】下文“Wheredoesallofthisrubbishgo?Itwillendupinthelandfills.(這些垃圾都去哪兒了？它最終會(huì)被扔進(jìn)垃圾填埋場(chǎng))”可知，垃圾最終會(huì)進(jìn)入垃圾場(chǎng)造成污染，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“想象一下世界上所有聚會(huì)留下的混亂”和下文構(gòu)成內(nèi)容上的承接，說(shuō)明這些聚會(huì)產(chǎn)生的垃圾最終的去向。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】下文“Asamatteroffact,e-invitationsarequick,easy,andmoremodernthantraditionalpaperinvites.(事實(shí)上，電子邀請(qǐng)函比傳統(tǒng)的紙質(zhì)邀請(qǐng)函更快、更簡(jiǎn)單、更現(xiàn)代)”說(shuō)明了電子邀請(qǐng)函的優(yōu)勢(shì)，是對(duì)B項(xiàng)“發(fā)送電子邀請(qǐng)函而不是紙質(zhì)邀請(qǐng)函”的原因說(shuō)明，和B項(xiàng)構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】下文“Ifthereareanypeopleinyourcrowdwhosayit’stacky(俗氣的)tousee-cards,tellthemit’stackiertopollutetheenvironmentbyusingtraditionalones.(如果你的人群中有人說(shuō)使用電子賀卡很俗氣，告訴他們使用傳統(tǒng)賀卡污染環(huán)境更俗氣)”說(shuō)明作者認(rèn)為電子賀卡不會(huì)污染環(huán)境，C項(xiàng)“這也是最環(huán)保的選擇”是對(duì)下文內(nèi)容的概括總結(jié)，和下文構(gòu)成內(nèi)容上的承接。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】下文“makingitobviousthatoneisforrealrubbishandtheotherisforrecycledgoods(很明顯，一個(gè)是放真正的垃圾，另一個(gè)是放回收商品)”提到了兩個(gè)垃圾桶不同的用途，E項(xiàng)“拿出兩個(gè)垃圾桶，在上面寫(xiě)清楚”和下文構(gòu)成內(nèi)容上的承接，表明在垃圾桶上寫(xiě)字的目的是為了能清晰地分辨兩個(gè)垃圾桶裝的不同的物品。故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】上文“Astheresult,aftertheparty,youwillfindmanycupsarethrownaway,causingalotofwaste.(結(jié)果，聚會(huì)結(jié)束后，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)很多杯子被扔掉了，造成了很多浪費(fèi))”說(shuō)明聚會(huì)時(shí)使用的相同的杯子會(huì)造成浪費(fèi)，G項(xiàng)“嘗試一種新的系統(tǒng)，給每位客人一個(gè)杯子，上面寫(xiě)著他們的名字”是對(duì)上文內(nèi)容的承接介紹了避免浪費(fèi)的技巧就是在杯子上寫(xiě)名字，同時(shí)也和本段的主題句“Alloweachpersononlyonecup.(每人只能擁有一個(gè)杯子)”相呼應(yīng)。故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿(mǎn)分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。LizMurray’slifeisatriumph(勝利)overhardship,andanimpressiveexampleoftheimportanceofdreamingbig.It’sanunlikely___21___ofevents.Murray’s___22___intheBronx,asthechildofcocaine-addictedparents,wasfilledwith___23___challenges.Therewasneverenoughfoodintheshabbyhouse,but___24___wereeverywhere.Byage16,Murray’smomhaddiedandshewashomeless-sleepinginparks,___25___thesubwayallnight,andlivingasahighschool___26___onthestreetsofNewYorkCity.Drowninginthispain,Murrayalways___27___herlifecouldbemuchbetterthanitwas.“IknewIhadtochangemy___28___forthebetter,andthat___29___coulddothatforme.But,IquicklyfoundthatIalsocouldnotdoit___30___.Ihadtotake___31___first,andthenIhadtofindhelp-acommunityof___32___peopletohelpmegetthere.”Determinedtochangeherlife,Murrayreturnedtohighschoolandfinishedherstudiesinjusttwoyears,andwiththehelpofdedicatedmentors(導(dǎo)師)andteachers,shewasawardedafull___33___—toHarvardUniversity—allwhile___34___outinNewYorkCityparksandsubwaystations.MurraygraduatedfromHarvardUniversity8yearsago.Today,sheistheExecutiveDirectorofaBronx-basedyouthmentoringorganizationcalled“TheArthurProject,”named___35___herfirstmentor,whoaccompaniedhertogothroughthedarkness.Murrayispassionateabout___36___withyouthsothattheymayrealizetheirpotential,assheis___37___bythebeliefthat“it’snotsuccessifitdoesn’tcreate___38___forotherpeople.”shesays,“Thepowerofperseverancecanturnproblemsintoopportunities.Meanwhile,webuildstrongorganizationsto___39___peoplebecauseweknowwhatitreally___40___tochangeaperson’slife.”21.A.accident B.turn C.variety D.series22.A.job-hunting B.schooling C.upbringing D.training23.A.severe B.real C.ultimate D.mental24.A.snacks B.grains C.drinks D.drugs25.A.running B.riding C.cleaning D.driving26.A.dropout B.graduate C.student D.teacher27.A.required B.remarked C.announced D.imagined28.A.approach B.attitude C.situation D.schedule29.A.everybody B.somebody C.nobody D.anybody30.A.alone B.once C.together D.later31.A.revenge B.criticism C.possession D.responsibility32.A.caring B.honest C.successful D.brilliant33.A.diploma B.scholarship C.certificate D.degree34.A.working B.hiding C.camping D.breaking35.A.inplaceof B.inmemoryof C.insupportof D.inchargeof36.A.arguing B.trading C.partnering D.discussing37.A.driven B.depressed C.scared D.awarded38.A.wealth B.balance C.atmosphere D.opportunities39.A.accept B.shape C.touch D.convince40.A.wants B.makes C.offers D.takes【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.B26.A27.D28.C29.C30.A31.D32.A33.B34.C35.B36.C37.A38.D39.B40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章通過(guò)講述麗茲·默里的艱難的人生經(jīng)歷，說(shuō)明了遠(yuǎn)大夢(mèng)想的重要性?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個(gè)不太可能的轉(zhuǎn)折。A.accident事故；B.turn轉(zhuǎn)折；C.variety種類(lèi)；D.series系列。根據(jù)空格前的unlikely和下文可知，此處用turn表示“轉(zhuǎn)折”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞詞義辨析。句意：穆雷在布朗克斯區(qū)的成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷充滿(mǎn)了嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)，他的父母都是癮君子。A.job-hunting找工作；B.schooling上學(xué)；C.upbringing成長(zhǎng)；D.training培訓(xùn)。根據(jù)下文的child可知，此處指他的“成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.severe嚴(yán)重的；B.real真實(shí)的；C.ultimate最終的；D.mental精神的。根據(jù)上文“asthechildofcocaine-addictedparents(作為可卡因成癮父母的孩子)”可知