Unit 1 People of Achievement 非限制性定語從句 選擇性必修一

Unit1PeopleofAchievementDiscoveringusefulstructures非限制性定語從句ReviewThewomanwho

isreceivingtheprizeisTuYouyou.先行詞定語從句關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞who/whomwhich/thatwhose/aswherewhenwhy你的標(biāo)題點(diǎn)擊此處輸入你的具體文本說明點(diǎn)點(diǎn)擊此處輸入點(diǎn)擊此處先行詞在從句中所作成分關(guān)系代詞人主賓定物主賓定who/thatwho/whom/that/省略whose(=ofwhom)that/whichthat/which/省略whose(=ofwhich)先行詞

在從句中所作成分關(guān)系副詞時(shí)間名詞時(shí)間狀語地點(diǎn)名詞地點(diǎn)狀語reason原因狀語whywhenwhere=介詞+which1.Lookatthegirl_________issingingsobeautifully.2.Hegavemeapen___________heboughtlastweek.3.Maryhasreadallthebooks______Ilenther.4.Jimistheboy______hatisred.5.Doyouknowthewoman______ourteacheristalkingto?6.____

everyoneknows,Chinaisabeautifulcountrywithalonghistory.who/thatthat/whichthatwhosewhomAs

關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中代替先行詞做主語、賓語、表語或定語。先行詞做主賓表,是人時(shí)用_____,______或_____;是物時(shí)用______或______。先行詞作定語,表示“……的”時(shí),用______。修飾句子且表示“正如......”時(shí)，用_______。

whowhomthatwhichthataswhose7.Isitthereason______________youwerelate?8.Irememberthatday_______________IsuddenlyfeltlikeGermanwasnolongeraforeignlanguage.9.Wewalkedinagarden_______________manytreesandflowershadbeenplanted.10.2001-2005aretheyears__________________Istudiedintheuniversity.why/for

whichwhen/duringwhichwhere/inwhichwhen/onwhich

關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中代替先行詞做狀語。先行詞作原因狀語時(shí)用_____；作地點(diǎn)狀語時(shí)用_______；作時(shí)間狀語時(shí),用______。還可以用____________來替換關(guān)系副詞。whywherewhen介詞+whichExploreRead&compareNon-restrictiverelativeclauseRestrictiverelativeclauseTheytestedhundredsofChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstthedisease.TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,whichisconsideredoneofthehighestinternationalhonoursapersoncanreceive.Inthebeginning,TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.

限制性定從和非限制性定從的區(qū)別01形式不同限制性定從與其先行詞關(guān)系密切，無逗號(hào)隔開，非限制性定從與其先行詞關(guān)系不密切，有逗號(hào)隔開。Thenumberofpeoplewho/that

owncarsisincreasing.IspoketoDr.Smithjustnow,whoisalwaysreadytohelpothers.02意義不同1.Isawtheguywhodelivers

mymailyesterday.2.I'llalwaysremembertheriverwherewelearnedto

swim.whichguy?whichriver?1.Paris,

whereIspentsix

monthsstudying,isthemostbeautifulcityintheworld.2.Thewoman,

whosechildrenarethesame

ageasyours,invitedusoverfordinnernextweek.若去掉，句子含義不明確若去掉，不影響句子含義RestrictiverelativeclauseNon-restrictiverelativeclause03先行詞不同限制性定從的先行詞一般是名詞或代詞，非限制性定從的先行詞既可以是名詞或代詞,也可是整個(gè)句子。Mexicoisacity,whichhasalotofattractions.Hewaslateagain,whichmadetheteacherveryunhappy.04翻譯不同Intheclasstherearetenstudentswho/thatspeakEnglishverywell.

2.Intheclasstherearetenstudents,whospeakEnglishverywell.

翻譯：含義：翻譯：含義：這個(gè)班有10名英語說得好的。學(xué)生修飾限定，班上不只有10名學(xué)生，但只有這10名學(xué)生英語說得好。這個(gè)班有10名學(xué)生，他們英語說得很好。補(bǔ)充說明，班上只有10個(gè)學(xué)生，補(bǔ)充他們的英語說得好。Trytotranslate1.MysisterwhoworksinShanghaisendsmeemailalmosteveryday.2.Heisthemanwhosecarwasstolen.3.CharlesSmith,

whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.4.Theyrelyonthemselves,whichismuchbetter.我在上海工作的姐姐幾乎每天都給我發(fā)電子郵件。他就是汽車被竊的那個(gè)人。CharlesSmith去年退休了，他曾經(jīng)是我的老師。他們依靠自己，這樣好得多。限制性定從譯成先行詞的定語：“……的”。非限制性定從通常譯成主句的并列句。05關(guān)系詞不同判斷下列句子正誤Ayoungmanhadanewgirlfriend,who

hewantedtoimpress.whom1.在非限制性定語從句中作賓語（指人）時(shí)只能用whom。WangFangpassedherexam,thatsurprisedmeagreatdeal.which2.that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定從。Thisisthegirlwhom/whoImetinthestreet.Ihavetoldthemthereason,whyIdidn’tcometotheparty.forwhich3.why不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定從，要用forwhich代替。Thecarwhich/thatIboughtlastyeardoesnotwork.4.限制性定從中，關(guān)系詞作賓語，可省略。

非限制性定從中，關(guān)系詞作賓語，不可省略。。ThecarIboughtlastyeardoesnotwork.Thecar,whichIboughtlastyear,doesnotwork.Thecar,Iboughtlastyear,doesnotwork.非限制性定從關(guān)系詞總結(jié)指人指物在定語從句中作的成分whowhomwhichwhose指地點(diǎn)指時(shí)間在定語從句中的作用wherewhen注意：that，why不能在非限制性定語從句中使用；

why要用forwhich替代√√√√√（或指代整個(gè)主句）主語賓語主語賓語定語作賓語時(shí)不能用who√√地點(diǎn)狀語時(shí)間狀語可用介詞+which關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞補(bǔ)充1：as和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定從的區(qū)別

都可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾、指代整個(gè)主句。

區(qū)別：1.as譯為“正如…一樣”；which譯為“這”。2.as從句可置于主句之前，之中，之后；which從句只能置于主句之后。3.as的先行詞通常為整個(gè)主句；which可以是主句中的一部分或是整個(gè)主句。4.

介詞可以加which引導(dǎo)從句，as不可。5.thesame…as，such…as結(jié)構(gòu)中，as引導(dǎo)限制性定從。

isreported,thepopstarwillcometoWenzhounextmonth.ThepopstarwillcometoWenzhounextmonth,

isreported.Itwasthefourthtimethathehadgotfirstprize,

surprisedallofus.Hepublishedsomanybooks,someof

arestillpopular.Look!Hewearsthesamekindofshoes

youdo.Asaswhichwhichasas常見搭配asisknowntoallasyouknowasisexpectedasweexpectedashasbeenmentionedaboveasisreported/saidasafamoussayinggoesasispointedoutasyoucansee=ascanbeseenasisoftenthecase眾所周知正如你所知道的那樣正如所預(yù)料的那樣正如我們所期待的正如上面所提到的正如報(bào)道/所說的那樣正如一句諺語所說/俗話說正如指出的正如你所看見的

情況通常如此asorwhich①正如大家所看到的那樣，她工作一直很努力。Sheisalwaysworkinghard，____everyonecansee.②這本書很有教育意義，是我昨天買的。Thebook，______Iboughtyesterday,isveryinstructive.③她的誠實(shí)是大家有目共睹的。______everyonecansee,sheishonest.=Sheishonest，_______everyonecansee.④眾所周知，吸煙有害健康。______weallknow，smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.⑤湯姆突然病倒了，這讓我們很傷心。Tomsuddenlyfellill，_______madeusverysad.aswhichAsasAswhich補(bǔ)充2：“名詞/代詞/數(shù)詞+介詞of/+關(guān)系的代詞(which/whom)”結(jié)構(gòu)Hersons,bothofwhomworkabroad,ringherupeveryweek.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.Chinahas34provinces,someofwhichareprettypoor.tip:以上結(jié)構(gòu)一般用于引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。Summary限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句形式上意義上去掉從句，去掉從句，作用上翻譯上關(guān)系詞無逗號(hào)有逗號(hào)主句意思不完整不明確主句意思仍然完整清楚修飾限定只修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞補(bǔ)充說明可修飾一個(gè)詞，也可修飾整個(gè)句子譯為“……的”常譯成與主句并列的句子作賓語時(shí)可省略who不能在從句中做賓語關(guān)系詞一般不可省略，不能用that,why引導(dǎo)1.Thefamousbasketballstar,_____isanAmerican,cametoChinayesterday.2.Theyarealwayssmoking,______,ofcourse,willdoharmtotheirhealth.3.Iboughtacaryesterday,______costmealot.4.Xi'an,______Ivisitedlastyear,isaniceoldcity.5.HewillcometoseemenextJuly,_____hewon'tbesobusy.6.Theschool,______Ioncestudied,wasbuiltthirtyyearsago.7.Thenumberofsmokers,______isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.

whichwhichwhoFillintheblankswithproperrelativewords.whichwherewhenas8.Itisatrulydelightfulplace,________attractslotsofvistiorsforitswindingstreetsandprettycottages.

9.Creatinganatmospherein________employeesfeelpartofateamisabigchallenge.

10.Hewrotemanychildren'sbooks,nearlyhalfof________werepublishedinthe1990s.

11.Thebooksonthedesk,________coversareshiny,areprizesforus.

whichwhichwhichwhose12.Thechildren,_________wantedtohaveajourney,

were

disappointedwhenthejourneywas

cancelled.who13.Thenewsthattheywillgetmarried,_______hasnotbeenannounced,

hasspreadaround.14.We’llgraduateinJuly,_______wewillbefreetogoanywhere.whichwhen15.MrKing,________legswerebadlyhurt,was

quicklytakentohospital.16.WewillputofftheoutinguntilnextSunday,_______________wewon'tbesobusy.17.Yesterday,

theywentouttohaveapicnicinthepark,_____________theyhadagood

time.18.Hehasbeenbusywithhisworkthewhole

holiday,______hasmadehisgirlfriend

unhappy.whosewhen/onwhichwhere/inwhichwhich

Choosethewordsintheboxtocompletethesentences.whowhomwhichwhosewhenwhere

in/of/forwhichofwhom1

whichwho(m)whenwhoseinwhichofwhomofwhichinwhichwhere

where1Somepeoplealwaystalkloudlyinpublic,________isreallyannoying.2ProfessorLu,________youspoketo,specialisesinconstitutionallaw.3Pleasecomebackatfouro’clock,________yourherbalmedicinewillbeready.4Whatdoyouwanttowriteaboutthesepeople,________storiesIhavejusttoldyou?5HaveyoubeentotheLouvreMuseum,________youcanseetheMonaLisaondisplay?6Thereare45studentsinourclass,out________only10aretakinganoptionalartcourse.7Hermotherw