Unit 3 War and peace Using 選擇性必修第三冊

WarandpeaceUnit3PART.01LearningObjectivesGraspthekeywordsandthephrasesandgetthegenreandstructureofthepassage,andstudentscanbeabletodiscoverandsummarisetheformsandusesofsubject-verbagreementbyobservingexamplesentences.01Cultivatestudents'awarenessoflovingthemotherlandandcherishingpeace,andtolearnaboutthenationalspiritoftheChinesepeopleintheirheroicresistancetowar.03Studentscanusethegrammarappropriatelyinspecificcontextsandbeabletooutputthelanguagetofurtherstrengthenthegrammarrules.02LearningObjectivesStudentscanunderstandandmasterthemasteryoftheformandusageofsubject-verbagreementincontext.Throughreadingandlistening,studentscanpayattentiontothepragmaticfunctionofsubject-verbagreementandlearntomakecorrectuseofitinrealcontexts.0102TeachingFocusesandAnticipatedDifficultiesPART.02Lead-inLookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.1Inwhichsentencedoestheword“enemy”refertodifferentmembers?Isitfollowedbyasingularverborpluralverb

?01·Insentence（b）,theword“enemy”referstodifferentmembers.·Itisfollowedbyapluralverb.

a

Yourenemyiswelltrained，wellequippedandbattle-hardened...b

Theenemywerehiding，readytoattacktheAlliedsoldiers...c

...peoplewerecomingtogetherformemorialceremonies.

2Inwhichsentencedoestheword“enemy”refertoasingleunit?Isitfollowedbyasingularverborpluralverb?Doyouknowanyothersimilarnouns?

Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.01·Insentence（a），theword“enemy”referstoasingleunit.·Itisfollowedbyasingularverb.·Othersimilarnounsarefamily，team，class，crowd，government，etc.a

Yourenemyiswelltrained，wellequippedandbattle-hardened...b

Theenemywerehiding，readytoattacktheAlliedsoldiers...c

...peoplewerecomingtogetherformemorialceremonies.

3

Istheword“people”usuallyfollowedbyasingularverborpluralverb?Doyouknowanyothersimilarnouns?Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.01·Theword“people”isusuallyfollowedbyapluralverb.·Othersimilarnounsarepolice，cattle，etc. a

Yourenemyiswelltrained，wellequippedandbattle-hardened...b

Theenemywerehiding，readytoattacktheAlliedsoldiers...c

...peoplewerecomingtogetherformemorialceremonies.

Nowlookformoresentencesfollowingthisruleinthereadingpassage,

andsummarisetheuseofsubject-verbagreementinyourownwords.

Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.01Theuseofsubject-verbagreement：Whenwordssuchasenemy,team,audienceareusedassubjectsofthesentencesandareusedtorefertoasingleunit,thewordsarefollowedbysingularverbs.Whentheyareusedtorefertodifferentmembers,thewordsarefollowedbypluralverbs.Suchwordsaspeople,cattleareusuallyfollowedbypluralverbs.

Subject-verbagreement(1)——主謂一致(1)（referstomatchingthesubjectandverbofasentenceintense,aspect,andmood,whichtranslatestonumber,person,andgender.）主謂一致的概念和原則（1）概念：主謂一致是指謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上要與主語保持一致。（2）原則：主謂一致主要遵循三個原則，即意義一致原則、語法一致原則和就近一致原則。PART.03Grammar集體名詞作主語，如果指整體概念，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；如果指具體成員，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。常見的這類名詞有army，audience，class，club，committee，company，crowd，family，group，government，party，majority，minority，organisation，public，staff，team，military等。用法1有些有生命的集體名詞作主語時，謂語動詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。常見的這類名詞有cattle，people，police等。Thepeopleinthecityareveryfriendly.這個城市的人都很友好。無生命的集體名詞作主語時，謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)形式。常見的這類名詞有baggage，scenery，clothing，furniture，,machinery，jewellery等。Muchofherjewellerywasmissing.她的許多珠寶丟失了。由and或both...and連接的兩個名詞或代詞作主語時，指的是復(fù)數(shù)概念，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。用法2JimandMaryare

specialistsincancerresearch.吉姆和瑪麗是癌癥研究專家。BothMarkandhisparentsare

sittingintheshadeofatree.馬克和他父母都坐在樹蔭下。當(dāng)and連接的兩個名詞在意義上指同一人、同一物、同一事或同一概念時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。這時and后的名詞前不加冠詞Thewriterandpoethasbeendeadfortwoyears.那位詩人作家已經(jīng)去世兩年了?！癮ll/most/half/plenty/some/therest+of+名詞/代詞”或“分數(shù)百分數(shù)+of+名詞/代詞”作主語時，若of后的名詞或代詞為單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞就用單數(shù)形式；若of后的名詞或代詞為復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語動詞就用復(fù)數(shù)形式。用法3當(dāng)all，most，half，plenty，some，therest，what等單獨作主語時，主謂一致要遵循意義一致原則，即:如果所指為單數(shù)意義，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;如果所指為復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Allwas

silent.萬籟俱寂。Allweresilent.大家都沉默著。Allofthestudentshaveseenthedrama所有的學(xué)生都看過這部戲劇了?！癮numberof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”(許多.....)作主語時謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；“thenumberof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”(……的數(shù)量)作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。用法4Anumberofreasonslead

totheclimatechange.很多原因?qū)е職夂蜃兓?。Thenumberofthestudentsinourclassis

30.我們班的學(xué)生人數(shù)是30。“none”作主語時如果指代可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞既可用單數(shù)形式也可用復(fù)數(shù)形式；如果指代不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。用法5Noneofthetrainsis/aregoingtoLondon.這些列車都不去倫敦表示時間、金錢、距離、重量等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時,通常被看作整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。用法6Twentyyearsisalongtimeinone'slife.20年在人的一生中是一段很長的時間。以-s結(jié)尾的書刊名、組織名、國家名以及以-ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名等作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。用法7TheUnitedNationsisaworldorganisation.聯(lián)合國是一個世界性組織。以-s結(jié)尾的群島、瀑布、山脈等作主語時,謂語動詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。TheNiagaraFallsareperhapsthemostfamouswaterfallintheworld.尼亞加拉大瀑布也許是世界上最著名的瀑布。單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞的形式要根據(jù)句意確定。常見的這類詞有sheep，deer，fish，crossroads，means，series，species，works(工廠)等。用法8“the+形容詞/分詞”表示一類人時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；表示某個人或抽象概念時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。用法9Twentyyearsis

alongtimeinone'slife.20年在人的一生中是一段很長的時間。Manysheepare

eatinggrassonthehillside.許多綿羊在山坡上吃草。1

Governmenttroophaveputdown

theuprising.［

］2

Thepoliceisafterhim.［］3

Themilitaryarewell-organisedandpreparedtofight.［

］4

AllthemachineryinthisfactoryaremadeintheUS.［］5

Thesoldiers’uniformlookverysmart.［］6

Thegroupwassenttorescuethemissingpilot.［］7

Politicsarethestudyofthewaysinwhichcountriesaregoverned.［］Correctanymistakesinthesesentencesorputa√inthesquarebracketsiftheyarecorrect.are√isuniforms√is02troopsCompletethefilmreviewwiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.SavingPrivateRyanisafilmdirectedbyStevenSpielberg.ThetwomaincharactersareCaptainJohnMiller,playedbyTomHanks，andPrivateJamesRyan，playedbyMattDamon.JamesRyanisthefourthsoninhisfamilytobesenttofightintheSecondWorldWar.Theenemy1________（kill）histhreebrothers.Theirheart-brokenmotherreceivesthenewsaboutallherdeadsonsonthesameday.TheUSArmy2________（decide）tofindRyanandbringhimhome.AgroupofmenaresentintotheFrenchcountrysidetotrytofindthefourthbrother.Therescueteam3________（be）ledbyCaptainMiller，aheroandsurvivoroftheOmahaBeachbattle.Atthebeginningof

thefilm，theaudience4________（be）thrownintoanincrediblesequenceofapproximately

30minutes，depictingthelandingsinNormandy.Theyseethefullhorrorofwar，andthechaos

andsenseless

wasteoflife.SavingPrivateRyanisanunforgettablewarfilm

and，also，astoryofcourageandsacrifice.It’smyfavouritefilmandmyfamily5________（love）watchingit，too.Themessageofthefilmissimple—wewantpeace；wedon’twantwar. killsdecidesisarelove 03Writeashortreviewofafilmyouhaveseenonthethemeofwar.Payattentiontosubject-verbagreement. Assemblyopenswithasmoke-filled，bullet-riddenscenethatseemstograbtheaudience’sbreathateveryturn.Whilewaitingfortherallycalltobesounded，GuZidiandhisbrothersfightbravelyagainsttheenemy，finallyleavinghimalone.Thefirsthalfofthestoryisawonderfulcombinationofintensebattlescenesandthesecondhalfofthestoryisawonderfulcombinationofthemindsofthosereturningfromthebattlefield. 04Listentotheinterviewandanswerthequestions.1

Whoisbeinginterviewed?2

Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwointerviewees?3

Whataretheytalkingabout?

05Listentotheinterviewandanswerthequestions.051

Whoisbeinginterviewed?GaoMingandGaoLi.2

Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwointerviewees?Brotherandsister.3

Whataretheytalkingabout?

Theyaretalkingaboutthefive-yearterrorbombingcampaignbyJapaneseforcesinChongqingduringtheWarofResistanceagainstJapaneseAggression. Listenagainandcompletetheinterviewer’snotes.06FirstmemoriesoftheChongqingbombing?GaoLi：1

yearsold；remembersthehouse2

andsaw3____________

GaoMing：4

yearsold；thefirstthingherememberswas5

；wentoutonthestreet6

；firstfeltfascinatedthen7_______________

Themostterribleexperience?GaoLi：happenedon8

；stayedin9

andwaitedfor10______

inthere；housedestroyedand11

killedInfluenceofbombing?GaoMing：feltsadbutbombingdidn’tdestroy12___________________

GaoLi：13

soldierswenttothefront；Chongqingbecameknownasthe14_______________

Remembrancetoday?GaoMing：theairraidwarningmourns

15

，andremindsusto16____________________________________

eight/8shookfiresinthedistanceeleven/11thebombingplanestowatchscared5June1941thebasementfivehoursover4，000peopleourfightingspiritaround960，000ofthecity’s“cityofheroes”thosewelostcherishthepeaceweenjoytoday Listenagainandfocusonthespecificinformation.05Interviewer：Today，I’mtalkingtoMsGaoLiandMrGaoMing.ThebrotherandsisterwerelivinginChongqingduringtheWarofResistanceagainstJapaneseAggression

andexperiencedthefive-yearterrorbombingcampaignbyJapaneseforces.MsGao，whatareyourfirstmemoriesofthattime?GaoLi：Iwasonlyeightyearsoldwhenthebombingstartedintheyear1938，andthefirstbombsfellalongwayawayfromourhouse.IrememberourhouseshookandIsawfiresinthedistance

.Interviewer：Thatmustbeterribleforachild!AndMrGao，whatareyourfirstmemoriesofthebombing?GaoMing：Well，Iwasthreeyearsolderthanmysister.ThefirstthingIrememberwasthebombingplanes.Theyflewsolow.Iwentoutonthestreettowatch.Interviewer：Howdidyoufeelwhenyouwentintothestreet?GaoMing：Well，atfirstIwasfascinatedby

theplanesandthenoisetheymade，butsoonIwasscared.05Interviewer：Icanonlyimaginehowitmusthavefelt.Whatwasthemostterribleexperienceyouhadduringthattime，MsGao?GaoLi：Well，I’llneverforgetwhathappenedonthefifthofJune1941.IremembertheJapaneseweretargeting

theresidentialareas.Therewasn’tenoughtimeforustogettothebombsheltersowestayedinthebasement.Interviewer：Howlongdidthebombinglastonthatday?GaoLi：Wewaitedforfivehoursuntilthebombingstopped.Itwasabsolutelyterrifying

.Ourhousewasdestroyed，anddeadbodiescouldbeseenalloverthestreet.Over4,000peoplewerekilledthatday.Interviewer：I’msorrytohearthat.MrGao，howdoyoufeelwhenyouthinkaboutitnow?GaoMing：Ifeelsadfor

allthevictims，butthebombingdidn’tdestroyourfightingspirit.GaoLi：Yes，despiteeverything，around960,000ofthecity’ssoldierswenttothefronttofighttheJapanese.It’snowonder

Chongqingbecameknownasthe“cityofheroes

”.Interviewer：Andhowaretheyrememberedtoday?GaoMing：EveryyearonthefifthofJune，theairraidwarningissoundedacrossthecity.Itgivesusanopportunityto

mournthosewelost，andremindsusto

cherishthepeaceweenjoytoday.Completetheboxeswiththeexpressionsfromtheinterview.07?Iremember...?Thatmustbeterriblefor...?ThefirstthingIrememberwas...?Icanonlyimaginehowitmusthavefelt.I’llneverforget...I’msorrytohearthat.Ifeelsadfor...ExpressingsympathyThatmustbeterriblefor...Icanonlyimaginehowitmusthavefelt.I’msorrytohearthat.Ifeelsadfor...TalkingaboutmemoriesIremember...ThefirstthingIrememberwas...I’llneverforget...

ReadtheintroductiontoUNpeacekeepingandanswerthequestions.Payattentiontothewordsandexpressionsinbold.08Thecrueltyofwarisreasonenoughtodoeverythingwecantopreventit.ThisisthemotivationbehindtheUnitedNation’smanypeacekeepingmissions.Peacekeepers

monitor

thepeaceprocessinareasthathaveexperiencedfriction

andcivilwars，makingsurethatpreviously

warringpartieskeepto

theiragreements.Theyworktodisarm

combatants

andtosecureweaponsandammunition，removingthemfromuse.Thesemeasuresaimtogivestability

toconflictzonesandallowgovernmentstoreestablishauthority.Chinaisplayinganincreasinglyimportantrolein

UNpeacekeepingandithastrained8，000troopswhoarekeptonstandbyforUNmissions.Chinesepeacekeepingforcesarehighly-valued

inconflictzonesandhavereceivedpraisefortheirprofessionalism

.

1

WhatisthesignificanceofUNpeacekeepingmissions?UNpeacekeepingmissionsaimtogivestabilitytoconflictzonesandallowgovernmentstoreestablishauthority. ReadtheintroductiontoUNpeacekeepingandanswerthequestions.Payattentiontothewordsandexpressionsinbold.08Thecrueltyofwarisreasonenoughtodoeverythingwecantopreventit.ThisisthemotivationbehindtheUnitedNation’smanypeacekeepingmissions.Peacekeepers

monitor

thepeaceprocessinareasthathaveexperiencedfriction

andcivilwars，makingsurethatpreviously

warringpartieskeepto

theiragreements.Theyworktodisarm

combatants

andtosecureweaponsandammunition，removingthemfromuse.Thesemeasuresaimtogivestability

toconflictzonesandallowgovernmentstoreestablishauthority.Chinaisplayinganincreasinglyimportantrolein

UNpeacekeepingandithastrained8，000troopswhoarekeptonstandbyforUNmissions.Chinesepeacekeepingforcesarehighly-valued

inconflictzonesandhavereceivedpraisefortheirprofessionalism

.

2

WhatroleisChinaplayinginUNpeacekeeping?ChinaisplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinUNpeacekeepingandithastrained8，000troopswhoarekeptonstandbyforUNmissions. CompletethefactfileaboutUN’speacekeepingmissioninLiberiawiththecorrectformofthewordsandexpressionsinActivity8. 09WhywecameLiberiasufferedtwo1

from1989to2003，causinghalfthepopulationtofleetheirhomes，andtheeconomytocollapse.

Wecarriedoutthis2___________________

tomonitorthe3

inLiberia.WhatwedidWestabilisedthe4

by：·disarmingcombatants·securingweaponsandammunition

WhatwedidWhyweareleavingTheprofessionalismofour5

hasstabilisedthesituation.Governmentauthorityhasbeen6

.

civilwarspeacekeepingmissionpeaceprocessconflictzonespeacekeepingforcesreestablishedWorkinpairs.10Nowthinkaboutyourperformanceinthisactivity.Howdidyoucollectusefulinformation?Shareyourexperiencewiththeclass.Findoutaboutsomeone’sexperiencesinwar.Actoutaninterviewbasedontheinformationyouhavefound.Usethewordsandexpressionsinthissection.1.stabilitystably stable economic/emotionalstabilitystableprices astablerelationship remainstable

練習(xí)：病人的血壓平穩(wěn)。 Thepatient'sbloodpressureis________.stableadv.堅固地；穩(wěn)定地；安定地adj.穩(wěn)定的，牢固的；沉穩(wěn)的；持久的經(jīng)濟/情緒穩(wěn)定穩(wěn)定的價格穩(wěn)定的關(guān)系保持穩(wěn)定2.onstandbystandby putsb.onstandbystandby

練習(xí)：

這班飛往紐約的班機，他候補待位。Hewas__________________fortheflighttoNewYork.

putonstandbyn.后備人員；備用物品讓某人待命；把某人加入排隊等待的行列支持；準(zhǔn)備行動；信守諾言；袖手旁觀3.professionalismprofession professional

thelegal/teachingprofession toenter/joinaprofessionprofessionalqualifications/skillsprofessionalstandards 練習(xí)：

他獲得業(yè)余賽冠軍后就轉(zhuǎn)為職業(yè)運動員了。

Afterhewontheamateurchampionshipheturned____________.professionaln.行業(yè)，職業(yè)；業(yè)內(nèi)人士adj.職業(yè)的；專業(yè)的n.專業(yè)人士；職業(yè)運動員法律/教學(xué)專業(yè)從事/參加一個行業(yè)專業(yè)資格/技能專業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)4.stopsb./sth.(from)doingsth.preventsb./sth.(from)doingsth.keepsb./sth.fromdoingsth.

練習(xí)：Puttheseglassesintoaboxtokeepthemfrom________________(damage)beingdamaged阻止某人/某物做某事阻止某人/某物做某事5.keeptokeep(sb.)outofsth. keepup keepupwith keepawayfrom keepback