山西省2024-2025學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期2月開(kāi)學(xué)摸底考試英語(yǔ)試題【含答案解析】

絕密★啟用前英語(yǔ)試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whichtypeofmoviewillthespeakerswatchtonight?A.Afunnymovie.B.Ascarymovie.C.Anactionmovie.2.Whatactivitydidthespeakerslovemost?A.Thetreasurehunt.B.Thegameinthewoods.C.Thebowandarrowcompetition.3.WhereistheTVshowmainlyset?A.InSouthAfrica.B.IntheUK.C.InSpain.4Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.InNovember.B.InOctober.C.InSeptember.5.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Workmates.B.Salesmanandcustomer.C.Strangers.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inacinema.B.Inabar.C.inacafé.7.Whatdidthemanlikeaboutthemovieshownyesterday?A.Theromanticplot.B.Theactionscenes.C.Thecharacters.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatkindofhairstyledoesthewomanwant?A.Longandcurly.B.Shortandcurly.C.Shortandstraight.9.Whatdoesthewomanplantodobeforehavingherhaircut?A.Makeapurchase.B.Cookameal.C.Haveabreak.10.Whatdoesthemaninquireofthewomanintheend?A.Hername.B.Herphonenumber.C.Herarrivaltime.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatdidthespeakerstalkaboutfirst?A.Aworldwidephenomenon.B.AnancientSpanishbuilding.C.Anexpression.12.Whywerethehousesinthetownbuiltinsidetherockformations?A.Toattracttourists.B.Tofightagainstextremeheat.C.Toprotecttheenvironment.13.Whatdoweknowabouttherockhouses?A.Theyareprettyexpensive.B.Theyareunsafeinanearthquake.C.Theyarelesslikelytocatchfire.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至第17題。14.Wheredidthemanoriginallyintendtospendhisholiday?A.InThailand.B.InItaly.C.InFrance.15.Whydidthemanchangehistravelplans?A.Hedidn’tlikethedestination.B.Travelcostshadincreased.C.Theweatherwasn’tgood.16.Whendidthewomanlastseetheman?A.Severaldaysago.B.Oneweekago.C.Abouthalfamonthago.17.Whatdidthemanfinddifficultathisdestination?A.Communication.B.Availabilityoffood.C.Transportation.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至第20題。18.What’sthepercentageofSpanishyoungpeopleeatingsnacksbetweenmeals?A.64%.B.53%.C.40.7%.19.WhatsnacksdoBritishpeoplelikebest?A.Biscuits.B.Chocolate.C.Chips.20.Whospendstheleastonsavorysnackseachyear?A.TheItalians.B.TheFrench.C.TheBritish.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASuiteHeavenEnjoyfreenightsinourhotelBookingperiod:July1st,2025-September30th,2025Stayperiod:October1st,2025-February28th,2026OfferDetailsStartawonderfuljourneywithour“SuiteHeaven”promotionatCenterHotelsacrossThailand,AsiaandtheMiddleEast.Reserveatleast3to5nightsuntilSeptember30th,2025,andenjoycomfortableaccommodationsandahostofextraprivileges,includingafreenight,whenyouchooseourpremiumroomsandsuites.Fromculturalexperiencestopeacefulislandexperiences,ourwonderfuldestinationsprovidetheperfectbackdropforyourjourney.FreeNight:Enjoyafreefinalnightonuswithevery3to5nightsbooked.HotelCredit:Enjoydiningandspaexperienceswithhotelcreditequalto10%ormoreofyourpaidbookingvalueperstay.ToasttoYou:Delightinafreebottleofwine,orsignaturerefreshmentperstay.ClubMemberBenefits:Selectroomcategoriesandenjoyaccesstoevenmorespecificbenefits.WhetheryouarefascinatedbytheenergyofBangkok,Phuket’ssun-bathedshores,Vietnam’srichheritage,ortheoverwatervillasoftheMaldives,thisofferinvitesyoutoextendyourstayandenjoyyourselfinthetopofluxuryandlocalcharm.Booknowtoenjoyeverynightofyourstayandcreateunforgettablememoriesatourexceptionalhotelsandresorts!*Specialremark:Offermayvarybyproperty.Pleaseconsulteachhotelindetailsforspecificbenefitsandbookingrequirements.1.WhencanavisitorenjoyafreenightinSuiteHeaven?A.BetweenJuly2ndandJuly7th,2025.B.BetweenAugust24thandAugust28th,2025.C.BetweenSeptember3rdandSeptember9th,2025.D.BetweenNovember15thandNovember19th,2025.2.Whatistheadvantageofbecomingaclubmemberofthehotel?A.Abigdiscount. B.Aroompreference.C.Afreebottleofwine. D.Twofreenights.3.Whatcanwelearnabouttheofferfromthetext?A.Benefitsvaryfromhoteltohotel. B.Alongerstayisexpectedbythehotel.C.BookingrequirementsarethesameatCenterHotels. D.ItisintendedtopromotethetourisminAsia.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了中央酒店推出的“SuiteHeaven”促銷(xiāo)活動(dòng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Stayperiod:October1st,2025-February28th,2026(入住時(shí)間：2025年10月1日到2026年2月28日)”和“Reserveatleast3to5nightsuntilSeptember30th,2025,andenjoycomfortableaccommodationsandahostofextraprivileges,includingafreenight,whenyouchooseourpremiumroomsandsuites.(在2025年9月30日之前至少預(yù)訂3至5晚，并享受舒適住宿和一系列額外特權(quán)，包括選擇我們的高級(jí)客房和套房時(shí)免費(fèi)入住一晚)”可知，在2025年10月1日至2026年2月28日期間，顧客在酒店連續(xù)入住3至5天高級(jí)客房或者套房，就可以減免一天的住宿費(fèi)。故選D。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ClubMemberBenefits:Selectroomcategoriesandenjoyaccesstoevenmorespecificbenefits.(俱樂(lè)部會(huì)員福利：選擇房間類(lèi)別，享受更具體的福利)”可知，會(huì)員有優(yōu)先挑選房間的權(quán)利。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Specialremark:Offermayvarybyproperty.Pleaseconsulteachhotelindetailsforspecificbenefitsandbookingrequirements.(特別提示：報(bào)價(jià)可能因物業(yè)而異。具體優(yōu)惠和預(yù)訂要求請(qǐng)咨詢(xún)各酒店)”可知，每個(gè)酒店所提供的福利各不一樣。故選A。BFreshoutofcollege,Ihadajobasareceptionistataneyeglassesstore,whereIencounteredbothniceandunpleasantcustomers.Mr.Petrucciandhiswife,alovelyelderlycouple,wouldoftencomein.Thewomanwasextremelysweet,oftenhadquestions,andlikedtochat.Occasionally,Iwassobusythattakingtheextratimewithherwaschallenging,soIgreetedherwarmlyandaskedhertowalkaroundthestoreatherownpace.Intruth,Ireallylikedthecoupleandimaginedhowfantasticitwouldbetohavethemasneighbors.Oneday,Mr.Petruccicameinandwalkeduptomydesk.Itwasunusualforhimtocomealone,butthatdidn’tregisterwithmeatfirst.Igreetedhimandaskedwhatheneeded.Hetoldmethathejustcameintoseeme.Whenhehesitantlytoldmethathiswifehadpassedaway,Iwasdiscouraged.Myheartachedforhimlosingawomanhelovedforallhislife.Thenhehandedmeapackageandsaiditwasagiftforme,apersonwhodeservedit.Thinkingaboutthatmomentstillbringstearstomyeyes.Iopenedthebox,anditcontainedwonderful,old-fashionedsetofIrish-stylehankies.ItoldhimhowtouchedIwasbyhisthoughtfulgesture.I’veneverseenhimsincethen.Althoughithappenedfortyyearsago,Istillcanpicturehimstandingtheretellingmesomethingnow.Istillhaveoneofthosemeaningfulhankies.Italwaysservesasareminderofhowimportantthesmallestofgesturescanbetosomeone.JustasIhadnoideathatIwasmakingadifferencetothem,hecouldneverimaginehowmuchhisgiftmeanttome.Wetoucheachother’slivesinwaysweoftenneverknowabout—forgoodorforill.Thesmallestamountofkindnesshaslastingrepercussion.Itrytorememberthattouchingmomenteveryday.4.Whydidtheelderlymangivehankiestotheauthor?A.Toshowhisgenerosityandwealth. B.Toremindtheauthorofhiswife’skindness.C.Toshowhismercyontheauthor. D.Toshowhisappreciationfortheauthor.5.Whyarethosehankiesmeaningfultotheauthor?A.Theyareold-fashionedandIrish-style. B.Theyarethebeginningofgoodfriendship.C.Theytelltheauthor’sunforgettableexperience. D.Theylinktheauthortoarichcouple.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“repercussion”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Effect. B.Result. C.Conflict. D.Challenge.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor?A.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed. B.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.C.Greatmindsthinkalike. D.Goodisrewardedwithgood.【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。作者在文章中講述了彼德魯奇先生贈(zèng)給她手帕的故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Mr.Petrucciandhiswife,alovelyelderlycouple,wouldoftencomein.Thewomanwasextremelysweet,oftenhadquestions,andlikedtochat.Occasionally,Iwassobusythattakingtheextratimewithherwaschallenging,soIgreetedherwarmlyandaskedhertowalkaroundthestoreatherownpace.Intruth,Ireallylikedthecoupleandimaginedhowfantasticitwouldbetohavethemasneighbors.(彼得魯奇和他的妻子是一對(duì)可愛(ài)的老夫婦，他們經(jīng)常進(jìn)來(lái)。這個(gè)女人非常可愛(ài)，經(jīng)常有問(wèn)題，喜歡聊天。有時(shí)候，我太忙了，很難抽出額外的時(shí)間陪她，所以我熱情地跟她打招呼，讓她按照自己的節(jié)奏在店里走走。事實(shí)上，我真的很喜歡這對(duì)夫婦，想象著能和他們做鄰居該有多好)”以及第二段“Thenhehandedmeapackageandsaiditwasagiftforme,apersonwhodeservedit.(然后他遞給我一個(gè)包裹，說(shuō)這是給我的禮物，一個(gè)值得擁有它的人)”可知，作者平時(shí)善待彼德魯奇夫婦，彼德魯奇先生在他的妻子去世后給作者贈(zèng)送手帕，主要是表達(dá)對(duì)作者的感激之情。故選D項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Italwaysservesasareminderofhowimportantthesmallestofgesturescanbetosomeone.JustasIhadnoideathatIwasmakingadifferencetothem,hecouldneverimaginehowmuchhisgiftmeanttome.(它總是提醒我們，一個(gè)最小的手勢(shì)對(duì)一個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)是多么重要。就像我不知道我對(duì)他們的影響一樣，他也無(wú)法想象他的禮物對(duì)我有多么重要)”可推知，這些手帕讓作者回想起難忘的經(jīng)歷，因此對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)是非常有意義的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文的“Italwaysservesasareminderofhowimportantthesmallestofgesturescanbetosomeone.JustasIhadnoideathatIwasmakingadifferencetothem,hecouldneverimaginehowmuchhisgiftmeanttome.Wetoucheachother’slivesinwaysweoftenneverknowabout—forgoodorforill(它總是提醒我們，一個(gè)最小的手勢(shì)對(duì)一個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)是多么重要。就像我不知道我對(duì)他們的影響一樣，他也無(wú)法想象他的禮物對(duì)我有多么重要。我們以一種我們常常不知道的方式影響著彼此的生活——不管是好是壞)”和下文的“Itrytorememberthattouchingmomenteveryday.(我每天都努力回憶那個(gè)感人的時(shí)刻)”可知，小小善舉對(duì)彼此都能產(chǎn)生持久的影響，因此，該詞意為“（間接的）影響”，與A項(xiàng)同義。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Mr.Petrucciandhiswife,alovelyelderlycouple,wouldoftencomein.Thewomanwasextremelysweet,oftenhadquestions,andlikedtochat.Occasionally,Iwassobusythattakingtheextratimewithherwaschallenging,soIgreetedherwarmlyandaskedhertowalkaroundthestoreatherownpace.Intruth,Ireallylikedthecoupleandimaginedhowfantasticitwouldbetohavethemasneighbors.(彼得魯奇和他的妻子是一對(duì)可愛(ài)的老夫婦，他們經(jīng)常進(jìn)來(lái)。這個(gè)女人非?？蓯?ài)，經(jīng)常有問(wèn)題，喜歡聊天。有時(shí)候，我太忙了，很難抽出額外的時(shí)間陪她，所以我熱情地跟她打招呼，讓她按照自己的節(jié)奏在店里走走。事實(shí)上，我真的很喜歡這對(duì)夫婦，想象著能和他們做鄰居該有多好)”以及第二段“Thenhehandedmeapackageandsaiditwasagiftforme,apersonwhodeservedit.(然后他遞給我一個(gè)包裹，說(shuō)這是給我的禮物，一個(gè)值得擁有它的人)”可知，作者平時(shí)的善舉得到了彼德魯奇夫婦的認(rèn)可和感激，因此D項(xiàng)“善有善報(bào)”可以概括。故選D項(xiàng)。CTextingontheMoonorlivestreamingonMarsmaybecloserthanyouthink.That’sbecauseNASAisinpartnershipwithNokiatosetupa4GnetworkontheMoon,hopingtoprovidewhatcouldbethefirststepforpeople’slong-termpresenceonotherplanets.Whilethisseemslikesomethingoutofsciencefiction,therealityisthataSpaceXrocketwillbelaunchedtotheMoon,carryinga4Gnetworktothesurface.AndthenthelanderwillinstallthissystemontheMoon’ssouthpole,whichwillberemotelyoperatedfromtheEarth.The4Gnetworkhastobestrongenoughtooperateinthetoughconditionsofthelunarenvironment.Itiscriticaltobeabletocommunicatevia4GnetworkforNASA’sArtemisprogramwhichhopestoreturnastronautstotheMoonsoon.Astronautscurrentlycommunicatewitheachotherbyradiosbutamorecomplexsystemisneeded.Ifeverythinggoesasplanned,Nokia’s4G/LTElunarnetworkwilldomorethanjustallowastronautstocommunicatewitheachother,itwillalsoallowautonomousroboticsonthemoontooperate.ThehopeisthatthenetworkcouldbeadaptedforMarsandthatitcanbeupgradedto5G.“Inthenext20years,therewillbemultiplemissionsinasingleyearrunbydifferentspaceagenciesandevencommercialcompanies.Therewillbe4Gnetworkbasesindifferentregionsofthemoon.”saidThierryKlein,presidentofBellLabsSolutionsResearchatNokia.“Havingeverysinglemissionsetuptheirowncommunicationssystemswouldmakenosenseeconomically.Instead,theywillneedtousethesamebasicfacilitiesinthesamelocationsandinterlinkallthedifferentbasesonthelunarsurface.Thisplancouldbethebeginningofanoff-world-internet,similartotheoneonEarth.Inthefuture,astronautswillbeabletoconnecttheirpersonaldevicestothenetworkandaccessappsandinformationanywhereinspace.Itseemsthattheworldofsci-fiisbecomingareality.8.WhatdoNASAandNokiahopetodo?A.Provethepowerofhightech. B.Sendoutmessagesfromthemoon.C.Improve4Gnetworkworldwide. D.Prepareforexplorationofotherplanets.9.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheplan?A.Doubtful. B.Objective. C.Positive. D.Critical.10.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmayThierryKleinagreewith?A.Thebasewillmakeaprofitforthecompanies.B.4Gnetworkbaseswillmakeadifferenceinfuture.C.Manycountrieswillbegintobuildbasesonthemoon.D.4Gnetworkbasesareessentialtoexplorationintothemoon.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.4GTechnologyReadytoGototheMoon B.PossibletoUsePhoneontheMoonC.4GNetworkforLong-termLunarPresence D.CommunicatingwithOthersontheMoon【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章介紹了美國(guó)宇航局和諾基亞聯(lián)手準(zhǔn)備在月球上建4G網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如果建成，在不久將來(lái)，月球上的4G網(wǎng)絡(luò)基站將為深空探測(cè)提供信號(hào)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“That’sbecauseNASAisinpartnershipwithNokiatosetupa4GnetworkontheMoon,hopingtoprovidewhatcouldbethefirststepforpeople’slong-termpresenceonotherplanets.(這是因?yàn)槊绹?guó)宇航局正與諾基亞合作，在月球上建立一個(gè)4G網(wǎng)絡(luò)，希望為人類(lèi)在其他星球上的長(zhǎng)期存在提供第一步)”可知，美國(guó)宇航局和諾基亞聯(lián)手準(zhǔn)備在月球上建4G網(wǎng)絡(luò)，希望為未來(lái)人類(lèi)造訪(fǎng)其它星球做好準(zhǔn)備。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“ThehopeisthatthenetworkcouldbeadaptedforMarsandthatitcanbeupgradedto5G.(希望該網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以適應(yīng)火星，并可以升級(jí)到5G)”和最后一段“Thisplancouldbethebeginningofanoff-world-internet,similartotheoneonEarth.Inthefuture,astronautswillbeabletoconnecttheirpersonaldevicestothenetworkandaccessappsandinformationanywhereinspace.Itseemsthattheworldofsci-fiisbecomingareality.(這個(gè)計(jì)劃可能是一個(gè)離世界互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的開(kāi)端，類(lèi)似于地球上的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。未來(lái)，宇航員將能夠?qū)⑺麄兊膫€(gè)人設(shè)備連接到網(wǎng)絡(luò)，并在太空中的任何地方訪(fǎng)問(wèn)應(yīng)用程序和信息。科幻世界似乎正在成為現(xiàn)實(shí))”可知，作者對(duì)這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃是滿(mǎn)懷希望的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段““Inthenext20years,therewillbemultiplemissionsinasingleyearrunbydifferentspaceagenciesandevencommercialcompanies.Therewillbe4Gnetworkbasesindifferentregionsofthemoon.”saidThierryKlein,presidentofBellLabsSolutionsResearchatNokia.“Havingeverysinglemissionsetuptheirowncommunicationssystemswouldmakenosenseeconomically.Instead,theywillneedtousethesamebasicfacilitiesinthesamelocationsandinterlinkallthedifferentbasesonthelunarsurface.(“在未來(lái)20年里，不同的太空機(jī)構(gòu)甚至商業(yè)公司將在一年內(nèi)執(zhí)行多項(xiàng)任務(wù)。在月球的不同地區(qū)將會(huì)有4G網(wǎng)絡(luò)基地。諾基亞貝爾實(shí)驗(yàn)室解決方案研究部總裁蒂埃里·克萊恩說(shuō)?！白屆總€(gè)任務(wù)都建立自己的通信系統(tǒng)在經(jīng)濟(jì)上是沒(méi)有意義的。相反，他們需要在相同的地點(diǎn)使用相同的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，并將月球表面所有不同的基地互連起來(lái))”可推斷，建在月球上的4G網(wǎng)絡(luò)基站將會(huì)發(fā)揮重要作用。故選B項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“TextingontheMoonorlivestreamingonMarsmaybecloserthanyouthink.That’sbecauseNASAisinpartnershipwithNokiatosetupa4GnetworkontheMoon,hopingtoprovidewhatcouldbethefirststepforpeople’slong-termpresenceonotherplanets.(在月球上發(fā)短信或在火星上直播可能比你想象的更近。這是因?yàn)槊绹?guó)宇航局正與諾基亞合作，在月球上建立一個(gè)4G網(wǎng)絡(luò)，希望為人類(lèi)在其他星球上的長(zhǎng)期存在提供第一步)”以及本文主要講的是美國(guó)宇航局和諾基亞聯(lián)手準(zhǔn)備在月球上建4G網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如果建成，在不久的將來(lái)，月球上的4G網(wǎng)絡(luò)基站將為深空探測(cè)提供信號(hào)。故A項(xiàng)“4G技術(shù)為登月做好準(zhǔn)備”能概括本文大意，故選A。DUnpredictablerainsandincreasingheataremakinglifemoredifficultforthepeopleofRayanpet,avillageinsouthernIndia.Theconditionsarealsodamagingthericecropsgrownthere.P.Reddystartedfarmingonhisfamily’sland16yearsago.Hisfamilyusedtoknowwhenitwouldrainandforhowlong,whichmeanttheyusedtoknowwhentoplant.However,ithasbecomesounpredictable,forsometimesthereistoomuchrainandsometimesthereisnorainatall.Toovercomeit,agriculturalresearchorganizationsinIndiahavebeenworkingforyearstoengineerriceseedsthatcansurviveinachangingclimateandproducemoregrainwithlesswater.Forthepastfiveyears,Reddyhasbeenexperimentingwithnewkindsofriceacrosspartofhis10-hectarefield.Healsogrowssomeoftheolderkindsbecausethereisademandforthem.Hehopesthatpeoplewillusethesetougherseedsinafewyears.Indiaisoneoftheworld’slargestproducersandconsumersofwheatandrice.Indiahasnearly120millionfarmers,mostofwhomhavelessthantwohectaresofland.Unpredictablerainfall,risingtemperaturesandincreasedpestproblemsallthreatentheirabilitytogrowfood.Besides,thedangerstoriceincludesaltiergroundwater,heavyrainfallovershortperiods,longperiodsofdroughtandincreasingnighttimetemperatures.Somefarmersareturningtomethodsofnaturalfarmingtodealwithclimatechange,whichleadstoafallintheyields.Indiaisalsourgingtheuseofclimate-adaptableseedsthatresultinbetteryields.Now,inRayanpetvillage,Reddyispreparingtoplantriceseedsforthewinterseasoninafewweeks.“Itisgoodtokeeptryingnewseeds,asaftersometimeallofthemwillhavesomeissuesortheother,”Reddysaid.“Ifthegovernmentcanensurewegetgoodpricesforourcropsafterharvest,Ithinkthatwouldhelpfarmerslikeusagreatdeal.”12.WhyhasP.Reddybeenexperimentingwithnewkindsofrice?A.Tomeetthedemandforrice. B.Toadapttothechangeofclimate.C.Toovercomethelackofwater. D.Toreplaceandsupplementtheoldvariety.13.WhichofthefollowingthreatensfarminginIndia?A.Longperiodsofheavyrainfall. B.Unpredictablenighttimetemperatures.C.Risingdemandforkillingpests. D.Increasingsaltcontentingroundwater.14.What’sReddy’sexpectation?A.Farmingonhisfamily’sland. B.Newseedsbecomingpopularworldwide.C.Farmersgettinggoodrewardfortheircrops. D.Gettinggovernment’ssupportforhisexperiment.15.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Anadvertisement. B.Afeaturestory.C.Asciencereport. D.Abookreview.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了印度南部村莊Rayanpet面臨的氣候變化對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)的影響以及農(nóng)民和農(nóng)業(yè)研究機(jī)構(gòu)采取的應(yīng)對(duì)措施?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Toovercomeit,agriculturalresearchorganizationsinIndiahavebeenworkingforyearstoengineerriceseedsthatcansurviveinachangingclimateandproducemoregrainwithlesswater.Forthepastfiveyears,Reddyhasbeenexperimentingwithnewkindsofriceacrosspartofhis10-hectarefield.(為了克服這一問(wèn)題，印度的農(nóng)業(yè)研究機(jī)構(gòu)多年來(lái)一直在培育能夠在氣候變化中存活、用更少的水生產(chǎn)更多糧食的水稻種子。在過(guò)去的五年里，Reddy一直在他10公頃土地的一部分上試驗(yàn)新品種的水稻)”可知，P.Reddy試驗(yàn)新品種水稻是為了適應(yīng)氣候變化。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Besides,thedangerstoriceincludesaltiergroundwater,heavyrainfallovershortperiods,longperiodsofdroughtandincreasingnighttimetemperatures.(此外，水稻面臨的危險(xiǎn)包括地下水含鹽量增加、短時(shí)間內(nèi)的暴雨、長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的干旱以及夜間氣溫升高)”可知，地下水中鹽分含量增加威脅著印度的農(nóng)業(yè)。故選D項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中Reddy的話(huà)“Ifthegovernmentcanensurewegetgoodpricesforourcropsafterharvest,Ithinkthatwouldhelpfarmerslikeusagreatdeal.(如果政府能確保我們收獲后莊稼能賣(mài)個(gè)好價(jià)錢(qián)，我認(rèn)為這對(duì)像我們這樣的農(nóng)民會(huì)有很大幫助)”可知，Reddy期望農(nóng)民的莊稼能獲得好的回報(bào)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段“UnpredictablerainsandincreasingheataremakinglifemoredifficultforthepeopleofRayanpet,avillageinsouthernIndia.Theconditionsarealsodamagingthericecropsgrownthere.(不可預(yù)測(cè)的降雨和不斷升高的氣溫讓印度南部村莊Rayanpet的人們生活更加艱難。這種情況也正在破壞那里種植的水稻作物)”和第三段中“Toovercomeit,agriculturalresearchorganizationsinIndiahavebeenworkingforyearstoengineerriceseedsthatcansurviveinachangingclimateandproducemoregrainwithlesswater.Forthepastfiveyears,Reddyhasbeenexperimentingwithnewkindsofriceacrosspartofhis10-hectarefield.(為了克服這一問(wèn)題，印度的農(nóng)業(yè)研究機(jī)構(gòu)多年來(lái)一直在培育能夠在氣候變化中存活、用更少的水生產(chǎn)更多糧食的水稻種子。在過(guò)去的五年里，Reddy一直在他10公頃土地的一部分上試驗(yàn)新品種的水稻)”可知，文章詳細(xì)介紹了印度農(nóng)民面臨的氣候變化帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)，特別關(guān)注了農(nóng)業(yè)研究機(jī)構(gòu)和Reddy在適應(yīng)氣候變化方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和努力，這種寫(xiě)作風(fēng)格是典型的專(zhuān)題故事(Afeaturestory)。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。RoommateHarmony:TheArtofPeacefulCo-LivingSharingthespaceyouliveinwithanyonecanberewarding,butitcanalsobechallenging,especiallywhenitiswithsomeonewhohasadifferentbackground.Differencesinpersonalityandhabitscomeoutwhenyouarelivingwithanotherperson.____16____Withopencommunicationandrespect,youcanliveharmoniouslywithsomeoneelse,andenjoythebenefitsofsharingyourspacewithanotherperson.Communicatingopenlyhelpsyouknowtheotherpersonwell.Ifyoudothat,youwillbeabletobeflexibletotheirneedsandtheywillbeabletobeflexiblewithyours.____17____Partofthatcommunicationisbeingabletocreaterulesandguidelinestogether.Creatingtheseruleswillhelpyoucreateanenvironmentofcompromise.Althoughyoudon’tagreeoneverything,thiskindofenvironmenthelpscreatehealthynegotiationandallowsyoutogetonthesamepagewitheachother.____18____Youshouldrespecteachotherandsharetheload.Partofeachother’srespectisensuringyouaredoingyourpart.____19____Althoughthiscouldbepartoftherulesandguidelinesyoucreatetogether,itallhastocomefromaplaceofrespect.____20____Itmightnotcomenaturallytoyou,butwithsomerules,respectandeveneachother’seffort,youcandoit.Sharingyourlivingspacewithanotherperson,asdifferentfromyouastheymightbe,canbesuperfulfillingandbringjoytoyourlife,andtotheirs.A.Youshouldbehonestwitheachother.B.Householdresponsibilitiesshouldbeshared.C.Meanwhile,people’sgoodqualitiescomeouttoo.D.You’llalsobeabletofeelmorecomfortablewiththem.E.Remembertohaveagoodtemperwhenmeetingsometrouble.F.Itistruethatlivingwitharoommaterequireseffortonbothsides.G.Andinthiswaywillallofyouknoweachotherbetterandfeelbetter.【答案】16.C17.D18.G19.B20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章介紹了與別人共同生活在一個(gè)宿舍應(yīng)該注意的問(wèn)題。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文的“Differencesinpersonalityandhabitscomeoutwhenyouarelivingwithanotherperson.(當(dāng)你和另一個(gè)人住在一起時(shí)，性格和習(xí)慣的差異就會(huì)顯現(xiàn)出來(lái))”可知，選項(xiàng)承接上文繼續(xù)說(shuō)明，和另一個(gè)人住在一起時(shí)可以顯現(xiàn)出的東西?？芍?，C項(xiàng)“與此同時(shí)，人們的優(yōu)點(diǎn)也會(huì)顯露出來(lái)”切題。故選C項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文的“Communicatingopenlyhelpsyouknowtheotherpersonwell.Ifyoudothat,youwillbeabletobeflexibletotheirneedsandtheywillbeabletobeflexiblewithyours.(開(kāi)誠(chéng)布公地交流有助于你更好地了解對(duì)方。如果你這樣做，你就能靈活地滿(mǎn)足他們的需求，他們也能靈活地滿(mǎn)足你的需求)”可知，選項(xiàng)承接上文說(shuō)明多交流給你帶來(lái)的好處。D項(xiàng)“你也能感覺(jué)更加舒適”切題。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文的“Althoughyoudon’tagreeoneverything,thiskindofenvironmenthelpscreatehealthynegotiationandallowsyoutogetonthesamepagewitheachother.(雖然你們并不會(huì)在每件事上都意見(jiàn)一致，但這種環(huán)境有助于創(chuàng)造健康的談判，讓你們彼此達(dá)成一致)”可知，選項(xiàng)承接上文說(shuō)明這種方法帶來(lái)的益處，G項(xiàng)“通過(guò)這種方法你們彼此將會(huì)更加了解并且感覺(jué)更好”切題。故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Youshouldrespecteachotherandsharetheload.Partofeachother’srespectisensuringyouaredoingyourpart.(你們應(yīng)該互相尊重，分擔(dān)責(zé)任?；ハ嘧鹬氐囊徊糠质谴_保你盡了自己的一份力)”可知，選項(xiàng)承接上文具體說(shuō)明如何互相尊重，分擔(dān)責(zé)任。故B項(xiàng)“宿舍責(zé)任應(yīng)該共同分擔(dān)”切題。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Itmightnotcomenaturallytoyou,butwithsomerules,respectandeveneachother’seffort,youcandoit.(這對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)可能不是自然而然的事，但有了一些規(guī)則，尊重，甚至彼此的努力，你就能做到)”可知，本段主要說(shuō)和室友一起生活需要雙方的努力。故F選項(xiàng)“的確，和室友一起生活需要雙方的努力”切題。故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。MackenseyWilson,a14-year-oldgirl,neverplannedondoingasciencefairproject.Butwhenoneofherdogskept____21____inrashes(皮疹)thatseemedtobelinkedtowhatpetfoodshehadbeeneating,Mackenseygot____22____.Shewantedtoknowwhatchemicalspeoplewerefeedingtheirdogs.Todoherresearch,shesignedupfora____23____wherestudentsvisitedahighschoollabearlyinthemorning.Shehadtocomeinonweekendsandwakeupveryearly.Shealsohadto____24____herresearchwithschoolworkandextracurricularactivities.Althoughshehadsomedifficultiesinusingallthe____25____andlearninghowtheyworked,sheovercamethemwiththeguidanceofherteachersandalsowithhercontinuous____26____.Inherresearch,shefoundapreservative(防腐劑)calledBHTmightcontainsome____27____.Soshesetouttofurtherresearchthis____28____harmfulchemical.Sheground(磨碎)upthreebrandsofdrydogfoodusedbymanyofherfriendsandfamily.Then,sheputthepowderinalcoholto____29____anyBHT.Acoupleoftechniqueshelpedher_____30_____howmuchBHThadbeeninthefood.Shefoundthatthesebrandsallcontainedabout0.1%BHT.However,noneofthesebrands_____31_____itontheirnutritionlabels.Asanambitiousstudent,shehassetouttodootherprojectsandshe_____32_____moreinthefollowingyears.Herresearch_____33_____herafinalistspotinthe2024ThermoFisherScientificJuniorInnovatorsChallenge.Shealsowonthesecond-placeScienceAwardatthe_____34_____.Allinall,shefoundtheresearchexperiencefunand_____35_____.21.A.involved B.trapped C.covered D.buried22.A.curious B.crazy C.happy D.active23.A.platform B.discussion C.conference D.program24.A.combine B.balance C.challenge D.exchange25.A.inventions B.switches C.instruments D.resources26.A.attention B.trial C.energy D.commitment27.A.poison B.medicine C.waste D.nutrition28.A.obviously B.gradually C.rarely D.potentially29.A.recycle B.reduce C.release D.recover30.A.analyze B.wonder C.answer D.distinguish31.A.suggested B.listed C.explained D.maintained32.A.decideson B.picksout C.drawsup D.hopesfor33.A.sent B.brought C.earned D.invited34.A.competition B.ceremony C.exhibition D.interview35.A.refreshing B.rewarding C.shocking D.thrilling【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.C26.B27.A28.D29.C30.A31.B32.D33.C34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了14歲女孩Mackensey因?qū)櫸锕菲ふ顔?wèn)題開(kāi)始對(duì)狗糧中的化學(xué)成分進(jìn)行研究，最終她的研究獲得了認(rèn)可?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)她的一只狗身上總是長(zhǎng)滿(mǎn)似乎與所吃寵物食品有關(guān)的皮疹時(shí)，Mackensey開(kāi)始好奇。A.involved涉及；B.trapped困??；C.covered覆蓋；D.buried埋葬。根據(jù)“inrashes(皮疹)”可知，狗身上長(zhǎng)滿(mǎn)皮疹；becoveredin是固定表達(dá)，意為“被……覆蓋”，符合長(zhǎng)滿(mǎn)皮疹，皮疹覆蓋狗的身體的狀態(tài)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)她的一只狗身上總是長(zhǎng)滿(mǎn)似乎與所吃寵物食品有關(guān)的皮疹時(shí)，Mackensey開(kāi)始好奇。A.curious好奇的；B.crazy瘋狂的；C.happy高興的；D.active活躍的。根據(jù)后文“Shewantedtoknowwhatchemicalspeoplewerefeedingtheirdogs.”可知，Mackensey想知道人們給狗喂了什么化學(xué)物質(zhì)，說(shuō)明她開(kāi)始好奇。故選A項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了進(jìn)行研究，她報(bào)名參加了一個(gè)項(xiàng)目，學(xué)生們一大早就去一所高中實(shí)驗(yàn)室。A.platform平臺(tái)；B.discussion討論；C.conference會(huì)議；D.program項(xiàng)目。根據(jù)后文“wherestudentsvisitedahighschoollabearlyinthemorning”可知，這是一個(gè)讓學(xué)生去高中實(shí)驗(yàn)室的項(xiàng)目。故選D項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她還必須在研究、學(xué)業(yè)和課外活動(dòng)之間取得平衡。A.combine結(jié)合；B.balance平衡；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D.exchange交換。結(jié)合常識(shí)和后文“herresearchwithschoolworkandextracurricularactivities”可知，她需要在研究、學(xué)業(yè)和課外活動(dòng)幾件事情之間找到平衡。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然她在使用所有儀器和學(xué)習(xí)它們的工作原理方面遇到了一些困難，但在老師的指導(dǎo)和她不斷的嘗試下，她克服了這些困難。A.inventions發(fā)明；B.switches開(kāi)關(guān)；C.instruments儀器；D.resources資源。根據(jù)前文“visitedahighschoollab”和后文“l(fā)earninghowtheyworked”可推知，在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里應(yīng)該是使用儀器。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然她在使用所有儀器和學(xué)習(xí)它們的工作原理方面遇到了一些困難，但在老師的指導(dǎo)和她不斷的嘗試下，她克服了這些困難。A.