2024年廣東省廣州市普通高中畢業(yè)班沖刺訓練（一）英語試題和答案

試題PAGE1試題★啟用前注意保密試卷類型：A2024年廣州市普通高中畢業(yè)班沖刺訓練題（一）英語本試卷共10頁，滿分120分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘。注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號、試室號和座位號填寫在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型（A）填涂在答題卡相應位置上。并在答題卡相應位置上填涂考生號。因筆試不考聽力，試卷從第二部分開始，試題序號從“21”開始。2.作答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡對應題目選項的答案信息點涂黑；如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內相應位置上；如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新答案；不準使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔。考試結束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ASomebeachesareperfectforrelaxing,whileothersofferactivitieslikehikingandwatersports.Visitthesebeautifulbeachesforanunforgettablevacation.CannonBeachIfyourperfectbeachvacationspotfeaturespostcard-worthysceneryandpeace,looknofurtherthanCannonBeach.InthisPacificNorthwesttown,youcanevenbuildafireonthebeachtorelaxbesidewhilewatchingthesunset.Whenyouneedabreakfromthebeach,grababikeandheaddowntowntoexploreitsartgalleries,shopsandrestaurants.HorseshoeBayBeachForaone-of-a-kindbeachexperience,headtoHorseshoeBayBeachonBermuda’sSouthShore.Knownforitspinksand,thisbeachisapopulardestinationforfamilieslookingtoplayinthecalmblue-greenwatersandbuildblush-coloredsandcastles.Adventureseekerscanalsotakepartintheself-guidedislandbicycletourorengageinexcitingwatersports.MoheganBluffsThisbeachisfamousforitsnaturalbeauty.Uponarrival,pausetoadmireyoursurroundingsandlearnaboutitstiestothenativepeople,theirancienttraditions,andconnectiontotheland,addingdepthtoyourbeachexperience.Then,takethe141stepsdowntothesandtosunbathe.Afterthat,climbbackuptovisittheSoutheastLightforanup-closeviewofits18th-centurylighthouse.SouthBeachThistropicaldistrictonFlorida’sAtlanticCoastisworld-renownedforitspowderywhitesand.AlthoughtechnicallypartoftheMiamiBeacharea,SouthBeachstandsoutduetoitsArtDecoarchitectureseenineverythingfromthebeachfrontlifeguardtowerstothehigh-risebuildingsalongthefamedOceanDrive.21.WhatsimilaritydoCannonBeachandHorseshoeBayBeachshare?A.Thechancetocyclearound. B.Theirlivelyartisticscene. C.Theuniquewatersports. D.Theirdistinctivesandcolor.22.WhoismostlikelyattractedtoMoheganBluffs?A.Thoseseekingwatersports. B.Fansofmodernlighthouses.C.Thoseinterestedinlocalculture. D.Enthusiastsofmountainclimbing.23.WhatsetsSouthBeachapartfromtherestoftheMiamiBeacharea?A.Itsbeachsand. B.Itsarchitecturalstyle.C.Itsoceandrive. D.Itshigh-risebuildings.BYouarewhatyouthink.Whateveryouaredoingrightnowisdeterminedbyyourthinking.Allyouremotionsanddesiresareinfluencedbyyourthinking.Theproblemisthatwhenyouarenotawareofyourthinking,youhavenochanceofcorrectingitifitispoor.Whenthinkingissubconscious,youareinnopositiontoseeanyproblemsinit.And,ifyoudon’tseeanyproblemsinit,youwon’tbemotivatedtochangeit.What’sworse,fewpeoplerealizethepowerfulrolethatthinkingplaysintheirlives,sotheydon’tgainsignificantcommandofit.Asaresult,mostpeopleareinmanywaysvictimsoftheirthinking.Consideryoursuccessasastudent.Thesinglemostsignificantvariableindeterminingyoursuccessasastudentisthequalityofyourthinking.Yourinstructorswillplayaroleinyourlearning,buteventhebestteacherscannotgetintoyourheadandlearnforyou.Ifyoulacktheintellectualskillsnecessaryforthinkingwellthroughcoursecontent,youwillnotbesuccessfulinschool.Hereisthekeyquestionweareputtingtoyouinthisbook.Ifthequalityofaperson’sthinkingisthesinglemostsignificantdeterminantofbothhappinessandsuccess,whynottakethetimetolearnfromthebestthinkers?Thisbookwillinformyouofthetoolsthatthebestthinkersuseandwillillustratetheactivitiesandpracticeyoucanusetobegintoemulatethem,andtakecontrolofyourdestinyasathinker.Eachchapterfocusesonadifferentaspectofthesethinkingaids,helpingyoudiscoverthepowerofyourownmindandofyourpotentialtothinksystematicallyaboutyourthinking.Thisbook,asawhole,introducesyoutothetoolsofmindthatwillhelpyoureasonwellthroughvariouschallengesyouface.Ifyoutaketheseideasseriouslyandpracticeusingthem,youcanimprovethequalityofyourthinkingandultimately,thequalityofyourlife.24.Whydomanypeoplelackmotivationtochangetheirpoorthinking?A.Theyarevictimsofemotions. B.Theyareunawareoftheneed. C.Theythinkhighlyofthemselves. D.Theylacktheacademicguidance. 25.Whatplaysthemostcrucialroleinschoolsuccess?A.Thecoursecontent. B.Theschoolenvironment. C.Thecommitmentofteachers.D.Thequalityofanindividual’sthinking.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“emulate”meaninparagraph4?A.Makefriendswith. B.Winover. C.Followtheexampleof. D.Lookupto.27.Thebookisorganizedaccordingto________.A.typesoflifechallenges B.varietiesofthinkingtoolsC.determinantsoflifevalue D.ideasofdifferentthinkersCHumanhistoryisfullofhorsestorieslikeguidingcowboyshomeonfoggynightsandtakingwoundedsoldiersthroughbattlezones.SuchsensibleandhighlytrainedhorsesmadeElinaJatel,acomputerscientistandroboticist,thinkofrobots.“Ahorsethatcantakeariderhomeonitsownwouldbethehighestlevelofautonomy,”Jatelsays.“Youtrustthemwithyourlife.”Shewasdrawntolearninghowsuchrelationshipsformandifitcouldhelpimprovehuman-robotinteractions.Forayear,Jatelengagedherselfinthehorseworld.Shewatchedclassesinhorsetraining,andshealsotalkedwithstudents,instructors,trainersandhorseowners.Alongtheway,Jatelevenlearnedtoride.Horseslearnsignalsfromtheirtrainersonhowtocomfortablyinteractwithpeople.People,too,mustlearntheirpart.Ridersmustlearnwhatahorsewantsorfeelsbasedonitsbehavior,andwhatsignalstousetodirecthorsestoperformindesiredways.Jatelfoundsomesimilarities,here,toworkingwithrobots.Peoplemustlearnhowtodirectrobotstodospecifictasks.Theyalsomustlearnwhattodowhenrobotsdon’tperformasplanned.Thegoalistoprogramrobotsthatwillrespondpredictablytoinputsfrompeople.Butlikehorses,autonomousrobotsalsoshouldbeabletorespondontheirownasconditionschange.Forexample,aself-drivingcarmuststoptoavoidhittingsomething,evenifsomehumanmistakenlytellsittokeepgoing.Trainersandridersworkwithhorsestobuildrespect.Horsesshowthatrespectbymatchingtheirpacetoahumanorgivingsomeonewhoisleadingthemasafedegreeofpersonalspace.Trainersbegintheirworkwithahorsebygettingthemtoshowsignsofrespectinbasicinteractions,Jatelsays.Later,trainerswilldevelopmorecomplexinteractions.Gradually,ahorse’srespectcangrowintotrust.Butthattrustisnotgiven.Andtheremaybeasimilarlimitationwithrobots.Whatwoulditmeanforrobotsandpeopletorespectandtrusteachother?Fornow,sheadds,thisislargelyunchartedterritory.Butshe’slookingtobuildapath.28.WhatdrewElinaJatel’sattentiontohorses?A.Horses’amazingperformance. B.Longhistoryofhorsetraining.C.Horse-humaninterdependence. D.Herhorse-ridingexperience.29.Whataretherobotsofthehighestautonomydesignedtodo?A.Toactlikerealhorses. B.Toshowrespecttohumans.C.Tofollowinstructionsfromhumans. D.Tomakeindependentandsensibledecisions.30.WhatwillJatel’sfutureresearchmostprobablyfocuson?A.Thelimitationsofrobots. B.Trustbetweenrobotsandhumans. C.Pathtowardhigherrobotefficiency.D.Similaritiesbetweenhorsesandrobots.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HistoryofHuman-HorseRelationshipB.SecretsofHuman-AnimalInteractionsC.TheRoleofTrustinHuman-RobotPartnershipsD.HorsesastheInspirationforAutonomousRobotsDWhenwerecallamemory,webringbackspecificdetailsaboutit.Butweoftenalsoexperienceavividfeelingofrememberingtheevent.Memoryresearcherscalltheseprocessesobjectiveandsubjectivememory.Anewstudyshowstheycanfunctionindependentlyandinvolvedifferentpartsofthebrain.“Thestudydistinguishesbetweenhowwellwerememberandhowwellwethinkweremember,andshowsthatdecisionmakingdependsprimarilyonthesubjectiveevaluationofmemoryevidence,”sayspsychologistDenisGuetta.Theresearcherstestedobjectiveandsubjectivememory.Aftershowingvolunteersaseriesofimagesofcommonobjects,theresearchersshowedthempairsofimagesandaskedthemtodeterminewhichofthetwotheyhadseenbefore.Theywereaskedtoratethememoryas“recollected”(vividanddetailed),or“familiar”(lackingdetail).Sometestsshowedsimilarimagepairs,othersunrelatedpairs.Thissetupmeasuredobjectivememorybasedonrecognitionandsubjectivememorybasedonvividness.TheresearchersalsousedfMRI(功能性磁共振成像)tomeasurebrainactivityduringthistask.Theresultsshowedhigherlevelsofobjectivememorywithpairsofsimilarimages,butparticipantsclaimedvividmemoriesmorewithdissimilarpairs.Theyweremorelikelytobasetheirdecisionaboutwhethertokeeporclearanimageonmemoryfeelingratherthanaccuracy.Forexample,apersoncouldhaveavividmemoryofgoingtoaneventwithfriends.Someoftheactualdetailsofthatmemorymightbeabitoff,buttheymayfeelitisavividmemory,sotheymightdecidetogooutwiththesamepeopleagain.ThefMRIdatashowedthatobjectiveandsubjectivememoryengagedvariedregionsofthebrain.Theregionsinvolvedinsubjectiveexperienceswerealsoinvolvedindecisionmaking,supportingtheconnectionbetweenthetwoprocesses.“Byunderstandinghowourbrainsgiverisetovividsubjectivememoriesandmemorydecisions,wearemovingastepclosertounderstandinghowwelearntoevaluatememoryevidencetomakeeffectivedecisionsinthefuture,”saysresearcherAnalizWilliam.32.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?A.Byanalyzingproblems. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Byinterpretingfindings. D.Bydefiningconcepts.33.Whatwerethevolunteersaskedtododuringthestudy?A.Todrawtheimagestheyhadpreviouslyseen.B.Tocomparedetailsofobjectstheyhadbeenshown.C.Tocategorizetheirmemoryasrecollectedorfamiliar.D.Torecallspecificemotionsrelatedtotheimagesshown.34.Whatdoestheresearchfindoutaboutdecisionmaking?A.Bothtypesofmemoryhavegreatinfluenceonit.B.Ourvividmemoryhelpsusmakewisedecisions.C.Itmainlyreliesonsubjectivememoryevaluation.D.It’sdecidedbytheaccuracyofobjectivememory.35.WhatisAnalizWilliam’sattitudetowardsthestudy?A.Optimistic.B.Tolerant. C.Doubtful.D.Dismissive.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Formostofhistory,peoplelivedinsmallgroupsofupto150people.Thenvillagesandsmalltownsdeveloped,offeringsafetyandsupportthroughthesharingofresources.Astimepassed,urbanlivingbroughtadditionaladvantagessuchasbetterjobs,schoolsandhealthcare.Largertownsalsogavepeoplemorechancestomeetandinteract.Thisisimportant.36Today,overhalfoftheworld’spopulationcurrentlylivesintownsandcities.Butthishasresultedinastrangeparadox(悖論).Althoughsocialopportunitiesareonereasonpeoplechoosetoliveinlargecities,researchsuggeststhatcitylifecanbelonely.37Peoplefromallovertheworldcanjoinonlinecommunitiesandmakevirtualfriendswithoutleavingtheirhome.Thedevelopmentofvirtualcommunitiescanbetracedbacktothe1860s.Backthen,telegraphoperatorsexchangedmessagesandgraduallyformedfriendshipsoverlongdistances.38Later,inthe1960s,radiosstartedtoprovideameansofshort-distancecommunicationanddevelopedcommunitieswiththeirownuniquelanguageandusernames.39Computerswerenotverypowerfulyet,sopeoplecouldpostmessagesandsharenewsandstoriesbutnotmusicorphotos.Still,peoplelovedbeingabletomakefriendsonlineandthenhangoutwiththem.Astechnologybecamemorepowerful,onlinecommunitiesforfun,educationandbusinessemerged,wherepeoplecouldexploreavirtual3Dworld,haveonlinelessons,andevenbuythingswithvirtualmoney.Thesedays,therearethousandsofvirtualcommunitiesandthatnumberkeepsgrowing.Manypeoplebelievetheywillbecomemoreimportant.40Particularly,they’reconcernedthatpostingpersonalinformationonlinemightleadtoalossofprivacy.Soperhapsthefuturewillbemorelikethepast.Peoplewillspendmostoftheirtimeinrealcommunities.A.Thistrend,however,isnotlikelytocontinue.B.AsAristotlesaid,thenatureofhumansistobesocial.C.Thatmayexplainwhyvirtualcommunitiesaresopopular.D.Thefirstpopularonlinecommunitiesdevelopedinthe1980s.E.Beforecellphonesexisted,radiowasaneasywaytocommunicate.F.Nevertheless,othersworryaboutproblemswiththesecommunities.G.Thisisamongtheearliestexamplesofvirtualcommunityinteractions.第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）IvividlyrememberthedaywhenmyhusbandandIsetoffonanewjourneytoTanzania.Hehadbeen41apositionthereasaCivilEngineer.Accompanyinghim,myaimwastofindajobshortlyafter.Asyoucanimagine,Iwasveryexcited,evenrather42,asI’dneverbeenabroadbefore.So,myfirst43wastogetsettledinthissmalltowncalledDodomainthemiddleofTanzania.Aswegotoffthetrain,however,atsixinthemorning,aladycamerushingalongthe44towardsus.Completelyoutofbreath,shesaid,“We’veheardyou’refromEnglandandourschool45needsanEnglishteacher—pleasesayyou’llhelpus.”Ifelttiredand46ashowerafterthejourney.Thoughshockedbyher47,forsomereasonorother,Iagreedto48it!Iwashed,changed,hadaquickbitetoeatandwas49tothetwolocalteachersandmy50at8o’clock.Itfeltlikebeingthrownintothedeepend,asmyteachingtimetablebegan51at8:30!AlthoughI’dhardlyhadtimetogetmybreath,Inever52mysuddendecision.Thoughmyentryintothis53wasunexpected,Ifoundjoyinteachingthoseyoungstersandgraduallybecamepartofthelocalcommunityinthefollowingyears.I’vebeenfortunateto

54lifelongfriendships,whichhasleftalasting55onbothmystudentsandmyself.41. A.awarded B.offered C.allowed D.presented42. A.disappointed B.dissatisfied C.unconcerned D.uneasy43. A.priority B.worry C.action D.response44. A.river B.platform C.sidewalk D.channel45. A.probably B.suddenly C.desperately D.occasionally46. A.longedfor B.waitedfor C.heardabout D.worriedabout47. A.remark B.interruption C.suggestion D.request48. A.keep B.take C.forget D.quit49. A.introduced B.recommended C.assigned D.compared50. A.colleagues B.assistants C.students D.interviewers51. A.exactly B.finally C.immediately D.smoothly52. A.expected B.regretted C.delayed D.dropped53. A.career B.country C.agreement D.relationship54. A.value B.strengthen C.renew D.harvest55. A.comment B.record C.impact D.impression第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Moreyoungpeoplearetryingtheirhandatfarmingthesoil.GuoLan,29,worksinavegetablegreenhouseonhisorganicfarm56(locate)inthesuburbandistrictofHefei,EastChina’sAnhuiprovince.ItistheeighthtimethissummerthatGuohasfailedtogrowvegetables57usingchemicals.Despitetryingvarioushomemadepestsolutions,suchasplantashandmixturesofpepperandalcohol,thevegetable58(leaf)werestillbeingeatenbyinsects.“Iwillnotgiveup59(try),”the29-year-oldaccountant-turned-farmersays.Heisdeterminedtoturnhisfarminto60organicone,cultivatingfruitsandvegetableswiththesameflavorsasthosefromhischildhoodmemories.“Growingtastyandhealthyfood61(be)mydreamsinceIwasateenager.Iknow62challengingitcanbe,butifyoutakethesoil63(serious),Ibelieveitwillpayoff,”Guosays.Headdsthatfarmingisnotabusinessthatcanmakequickmoney,butforhim,ithasbecomeanupliftingactivitythatbringsbackmemoriesofspendingtimeonthefarmwith64(he)parentsasachild.Guo’spassionfororganicfarmingandcommitmenttoproducinghealthyfoodwillsurelyinspiremoreyoungpeopletoexplore65(sustain)agriculture.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）英國一所友好學校的師生將到你校訪問。你將作為學生代表在歡迎晚會上致辭，并贈送學生們自制的文創(chuàng)禮物。請你用英語寫一篇歡迎辭，包括以下內容：1．表示歡迎；2．介紹禮物。注意：1．寫作詞數應為80左右；2．請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。Goodevening,dearfriends!…第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。AnInsignificantTaskThedaywhenthejobswerehandedoutwasoneofthemostexcitingforallthechildrenintheclass.Ittookplaceduringthefirstweekoftheterm.Onthatday,everyboyandgirlwasgivenajobforwhichtheywouldberesponsiblefortherestofthatschoolyear.Aswitheverything,somejobsweremoreinterestingthanothers,andthechildrenwereeagertobegivenoneofthebestones.Whengivingthemout,theteachertookintoaccountwhichpupilshadbeenmostresponsibleduringthepreviousyear,andthosechildrenweretheoneswhomostlookedforwardtothisday.Amongthem,Ritastoodout.Shewasakindandquietgirl.Duringthepreviousyearshehadcarriedouttheteacher’sinstructionsperfectly.AllthechildrenknewRitawasthefavouritetobegiventhebestjobofall:tolookaftertheclassdog.Butthisyeartherewasabigsurprise.Eachchildreceivedoneofthenormaljobs,likepreparingthebooksforthelessons,tellingthetime,cleaningtheblackboard,orlookingafteroneofthepets.However,Rita’sjobwasverydifferent.Shewasgivenalittleboxcontainingsomesandandoneant.Eventhoughtheteacherinsistedthatthisantwasaveryspecialant,Ritacouldnothelpfeelingdisappointed.Mostofherclassmatesfeltsorryforher.Theysympathisedwithherandremarkedathowunfairitwasthatshehadbeengiventhatjob.Yet,Rita,wholikedherteacherverymuch,chosetoproveherworththroughexcellence.“Iwillturnthislittletaskintosomethinggreat,”Ritasaidtoherself.Whatshedidn’tknowwasthattheteacherhadsecretlyenteredherintoarainforestinsectraisingcompetition.注意：1．續(xù)寫詞數應為150左右；2．請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。Ritastartedinvestigatingallaboutherlittleant.Onthelastdayoftheschoolyear,theteacherburstintotheclassroomwithexcitement.2024年廣州市普通高中畢業(yè)班沖刺訓練題（一）英語試題參考答案第二部分閱讀第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）21.A 22.C 23.B 24.B 25.D26.C 27.B 28.A 29.D 30.B31.D 32.D 33.C 34.C 35.A第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）36.B 37.C 38.G 39.D 40.F第三部分語言運用第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）41.B 42.D 43.A 44.B 45.C46.A 47.D 48.B 49.A 50.C51.C 52.B 53.A 54.D 55.C第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）56.located 57.without 58.leaves 59.trying 60.an61.hasbeen 62.how 63.seriously 64.his 65.sustainable第四部分寫作第一節(jié)（滿分15分）【作答示例】(1)Goodevening,dearfriends!IfeelprivilegedtoextendthewarmestwelcometoteachersandstudentsfromourpartnerschoolinBritainasthestudentrepresentative.Wearedelightedtohaveyouherewithus,sharinginthespiritoffriendshipandculturalexchange.Asatokenofourappreciation,wehaveprepareduniquegiftsforyou,suchasChinesecalligraphybookmarks,clothpandas,andpaper-cuttingartworks,tonamejustafew.Thesearehandmadeculturalproductscraftedbyourstudentswithmuchdedicationandcreativity,notonlyrepresentingtheessenceofChineseculture,butalsoembodyingourtraditionsandvalues.Wehopethegiftswillserveasareminderofyourwonderfultimehere.Onceagain,welcometoourschoolandmayyourstaybefilledwithjoy,learning,andnewfoundfriendships.(2)Goodevening,dearfriends!Welcometoourschoolforthisenrichin