大學(xué)英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷9（共230題）

大學(xué)英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷9（共9套）

（共230題）

大學(xué)英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷第1套

一、仔細(xì)閱讀（本題共30題，每題1.0分，共30分。）

Intheearly20lhcentury,fewlliingbwcicmureappealingthanthepiumiscufsuiculifiu

knowledge.Inaworldstrugglingwithrapidindustrialization,scienceandtechnology

seemedtooffersolutionstoalmosteveryproblem.Newlycreatedstatecollegesand

universitiesdevotedthemselvesalmostentirelytoscientific,technological,and

engineeringfields.ManyAmericanscametobelievethatscientificcertaintycouldnot

onlysolvescientificproblems,butalsoreformpolitics,government,andbusiness.Two

worldwarsandaGreatDepressionrockedtheconfidenceofmanypeoplethatscientific

expertisealonecouldcreateaprosperousandorderedworld.AfterWorldWarII,the

academicworldturnedwithnewenthusiasmtohumanisticstudies,whichseemedto

manyscholarsthebestwaytoensurethesurvivalofdemocracy.Americanscholars

fannedoutacrossmuchoftheworldwithsupportfromtheFordFoundation,the

Fulbrightprogram,etc.—topromotetheteachingofliteratureandtheartsinaneffortto

makethecasefordemocraticfreedoms.IntheAmericaofourowntime,thegreat

educationalchallengehasbecomeanefforttostrengthentheteachingofwhatisnow

knownastheSTEMdisciplines（science,technology,engineering,andmath）.Thereis

considerableandjustifiedconcernthattheUnitedStalesisfallingbehindmuchoftherest

ofthedevelopedworldintheseessentialdisciplines.India,China,Japan,andother

regionsseemtobeseizingtechnologicalleadership.Atthesametime,perhapsinevitably,

thehumanities-whilestillpopularinelitecollegesanduniversities-haveexperienceda

significantdecline.Humanisticdisciplinesareseriouslyunderfunded,notjustbythe

governmentandthefoundationsbutbyacademicinstitutionsthemselves.Humanistsarc

usuallyamongthelowest-paidfacultymembersatmostinstitutionsandareoftenlightly

regardedbecausetheydonotgenerategrantincomeandprovidenoobviouscredentials

（資質(zhì)）formostnonacademiccareers.UndoubtedlyAmericaneducationshouldtrain

morescientistsandengineers.Muchoftheconcernamongpoliticiansaboutthestateof

Americanuniversitiestodayisfocusedontheabsenceof"realworld"education—which

meanspreparationforprofessionalandscientificcareers.Buttheideathatinstitutionsor

theirstudentsmustdecidebetweenhumanitiesandscienceisfalse.Oursocietycouldnot

survivewithoutscientificandtechnologicalknowledge.Butwewouldbeequally

impoverished（貧困的）withouthumanisticknowledgeaswell.Scienceandtechnology

teachuswhatwecando.Humanisticthinkinghelpsusunderstandwhatweshoulddo.It

isalmostimpossibletoimagineoursocietywithoutthinkingoftheextraordinary

achievementsofscientistsandengineersinbuildingourcomplicatedworld.Buttryto

imagineourworldaswellwithouttheremarkableworksthathavedefinedourculture

andvalues.Wehavealwaysneeded,andwestillneed,both.

1Whyisscienceandtechnologysopopularintheearly20thcentury?

A、Becausetheycouldpromotethenation'ssocialprogress.

B、Becausetheywouldhelpraisepeople'slivingstandards.

C、Becausetheyquickenedthepaceofindustrialization.

D^Becausetheyarcconsideredtobeabletosolveallproblems.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。艱據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞scienceandtechnology和sopopularinthe

early20thcentury定位到文中第一段第一句，該句無法解題，需查看下文，該段第

二句提至scienceandtechnologyseemedtooffersolutionstoalmosteveryproblem（科

學(xué)技術(shù)似乎為每一個問題提供了解決方案），D項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗鼈儽徽J(rèn)為能夠解決所有

問題''是對第一段第二句的同義替換。故本題選D。

2、Whydidsomanyhumanistsbecomeenthusiasticabouthumanisticstudiesafter

WorldWarII?

A^Theyrealizedscienceandtechnologyalonewasnoguaranteeforabetterworld.

B、Theycouldgetfinancialsupportfromvariousfoundationsforhumanisticstudies.

C^Theywantedtoimprovetheirownstatuswithinthecurrenteducationsystem.

D、Theybelievedthestabilityofasocietydependedheavilyonhumanisticstudies.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析；細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞somanyhumanistsbecomeenthusiasticabout

humanisticstudies和afterWorldWarI定位到文中第一段，該段中間提到了兩次世

界大戰(zhàn)TwoworldwarsandaGreatDepressionrockedtheconfidenceofmanypeople

thatscientificexpertisealonecouldcreateaprosperousandorderedworld.AfterWorld

WarI,theacademicworldturnedwithnewenthusiasmtohumanisticstudies,which

seemedtomanyscholarsthebestwaytoensurethesurvivalofdemocracy（兩次世界大

戰(zhàn)和大蕭條動!搖了很多人的信心，即僅靠科學(xué)專業(yè)知識便可以建立一個繁榮、有

序的世界。第二次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后，學(xué)術(shù)世界以新的熱情轉(zhuǎn)向人文科學(xué)，許多學(xué)者

認(rèn)為這是確保民主存續(xù)的最佳途徑），由此可知，單純憑借科技的力量很難創(chuàng)造一

個繁榮、有序的世界，所以一些學(xué)者才開始倡導(dǎo)學(xué)習(xí)人文學(xué)科，A項(xiàng)“他們意識

到，光靠科學(xué)技術(shù)并不能保證世界會更美好”是對原文的適度推斷。故本題選A。

3、Whyarehumanistsregardedlightlytoday?

A、Theirincomeistoohigh.

B、Theyareshortofscientificknowledge.

C、Theybenefitlittletoincomeandnonacademiccareers.

D^Humanisticdisciplinesareseriouslyunderfunded.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。艱據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞humanists和regardedlightlytoday定位到文

中第三段最后一句，該旬指出becausetheydonotgenerategrantincomeandprovide

noobviouscredentialsformostnonacademiccareers（因?yàn)樗麄儾]有專屬撥款，也未

顯示出從事非學(xué)術(shù)職業(yè)的資歷），C項(xiàng)“他們對收入和非學(xué)術(shù)性職業(yè)幾乎沒有貢獻(xiàn)”

是對第三段最后一句的同義替換。故本題選C。

4、Whatistheauthor'sopinionabouttoday'seducation?

A、AmericaislaggingbehindintheSTEMdisciplines.

B、Americansdonotpayenoughattentiontohumanisticstudies.

C>TheSTEMsubjectsarctoochallengingforstudentstolearn.

D、SomeAsiancountrieshaveovertakenAmericainbasicsciences.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析:推斷題。取據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞theauthor'sopinionabouttoday'seducation

定位到文中第二、三段，第二、三段講述目前人文學(xué)科地位下降，接著最后兩段作

者都在講人文學(xué)科的重要性，由此可知，作者意在表達(dá)對美國大學(xué)只重視科技方面

學(xué)科的擔(dān)憂，并強(qiáng)調(diào)人文學(xué)科和科技同樣重要，B項(xiàng)“美國人對人文研究的重視不

夠'’是對原文的適度推斷。故本題選B。

5、Whydoestheauthorthinkmakingdecisionbetweenhumanitiesandscienceisfalse?

A、Sciencecandevelopquicklywithouthumanities.

B、Theyhelppreparestudentsfortheirprofessionalcareers.

C>Humanisticthinkinghelpsdefineourcultureandvalues.

D、Bothofhumanitiesandscienceareneededtoteachuswhatcanbedoneandwhat

shouldbedone.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。艱據(jù)題于關(guān)鍵詞makingdecisionbetweenhumanitiesand

scienceisfalse定位到文中倒數(shù)第二段第三句，該句無法解題，需查看下文。最后

四句指Oursocietycouldnotsurvivewithoutscientificandtechnologicalknowledge.

Butwcwouldbeequallyimpoverished（貧困的）withouthumanisticknowledgeaswell.

Scienceandtechnologyteachuswhatwecando.Humanisticthinkinghelpsus

understandwhatweshoulddo（沒有科學(xué)技術(shù)知識，我們的社會就無法生存。面沒有

人文知識，我們同樣面臨貧困?？萍几嬖V我們可以做什么，人文思維幫助我們了解

應(yīng)該做什么），D項(xiàng)“我們既需要人文也需要科學(xué)來教給我們可以做什么和應(yīng)該做什

么'’是對原文的概括總結(jié)。故本題選D。

AletterwrittenbyCharlesDarwinin1875hasbeenreturnedtotheSmithsonian

InstitutionArchives（檔案館）bytheFBIafterbeingstolentwice."Wcrealizedinthe

mid-1970sthatitwasmissing,"saysEffieKapsalis,headoftheSmithsonianInstitution

Archives."Itwasnotedasmissingandlikelytakenbyanintern（實(shí)習(xí)生），fromwhatthe

FBIistellingus.Wordgotoutthatitwasmissingwhensomeoneaskedtoseetheletter

forresearchpurposes,"andtheinternputtheletterback."Theinternlikelytooktheletter

againoncenobodywaswatchingit."Decadespassed.Finally,theFBIreceivedatipthat

thestolendocumentwaslocatedveryclosetoWashington,D.C.Theirartcrimeteam

recoveredtheletterbutwereunabletopresschargesbecausethetimeoflimitationshad

ended.TheFBIworkedcloselywiththeArchivestodeterminethattheletterwasbo:h

authenticanddefinitelySmithsonian'sproperty.TheletterwaswrittenbyDarwinto

thankanAmericangeologist,Dr.FerdinandVandeveerHayden,forsendinghimcopies

ofhisresearchintothegeologyoftheregionthatwouldbecomeYellowstoneNational

Park.Theletterisinfairlygoodcondition,inspiteofbeingoutofthecareoftrained

museumstafftbrsolong."Itwasluckilyingoodshape,"saysKapsalis."andwejust

havetodosomeminorthingsinordertobeabletounfoldit.Ithassomeglueonitthat

hascoloreditslightly,butnothingthatwillpreventusfromusingit.Afteritisrepaired,

wewilltakedigitalphotosofitandthatwillbeavailableonline.Oneofourgoalsisto

getitemsofhighresearchvalueorinteresttothepubliconline."Itwouldnowbe

difficultforanintern,visitororathieftostealadocumentlikethis."Archivingpractices

havechangedgreatlysincethe1970s,nsaysKapsalis,"andwckeepourhighvalue

documentsinasafethatIdon'tevenhaveaccessto.1'

6、WhathappenedtoDarwin'sletterinthe1970s?

A^ItwasrecoveredbytheFBI.

B、Itwasstolenmorethanonce.

C>Itwasputinthearchivesforresearchpurposes.

D、ItwaspurchasedbytheSmithsonianArchives.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:B

知識點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。艱據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Darwin'sleNer和inthe1970s可定位至第二

段，該段指出“Werealizedinthemid.1970sthatitwasmissing”…"Itwasnotedas

missingandlikelytakenbyallintern（實(shí)習(xí)生）…”andtheinternputtheletterback.uThe

internlikelytooktheletteragainoncenobodywaswatchingit"（"我們在20世紀(jì)70年

代中期意識到它不見了……這封信被認(rèn)定丟失了，并且很可能被實(shí)習(xí)生拿走

7……”然后實(shí)習(xí)生把這封信放了回去?！耙坏]人看著，實(shí)習(xí)生很可能又把這封信

拿走了”），B項(xiàng)“它被偷走了不止一次”是對該段內(nèi)容的概括總結(jié)。故本題選B。

7、WhatdidtheFBIdoaftertherecoveryoftheletter?

A、Theyproveditsauthenticity.

B、Theykeptitinaspecialsafe.

C、Theyarrestedthesuspectimmediately.

D、Theypressedcriminalchargesinvain.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞theFBI和aftertherecoveryoftheletter可定

位至第三段最后一句，該句指出TheFBIworkedcloselywiththeArchivesto

determinethattheletterwasbothauthenticanddefinitelySmithsonian'sproperty（聯(lián)為《調(diào)

查局與檔案館密切合作，以確定這封信是真跡，而且肯定是史密森學(xué)會檔案館的財(cái)

產(chǎn)），A項(xiàng)”他們證明了這封信的真實(shí)性”是對該句的同義替換。故本題選A。

8、WhatisDarwin'sletterabout?

A^TheevolutionofYellowstoneNationalPark.

HiscooperationwithanAmericangeologist.

C、Somegeologicalevidencesupportinghistheory.

D、Hisacknowledgementofhelpfromaprofessional.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D」

知識點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞WhatisDarwWsletleraboul定位至第四

段，該段指出TheletterwaswrittenbyDarwintothankanAmericangeologist,

Dr.FerdinandVandcrvccrHayden,forsendinghimcopiesofhisresearchintothe

geologyoftheregionthatwouldbecomeYellowstoneNationalPark（這封信是達(dá)爾文寫

給美國地質(zhì)學(xué)家費(fèi)迪南德?范德韋爾.海登博士的，以感謝海登博士給他寄來了自己

對后來成為黃石國家公園的地區(qū)的地質(zhì)研究的副本），D項(xiàng)“他感謝專業(yè)人士的幫

助''是對tothankanAmericangeologist...fbrsendinghimcopies的同義替換。故本題

選D。

9、WhatwilltheSmithsonianInstitutionArchivesdowiththeletteraccordingto

Kapsalis?

A、Reserveitforresearchpurposesonly.

B、Turnitintoanobjectofhighinterest.

C、Keepitapermanentsecret.

D、Makeitavailableonline.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。限據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞theSmithsonianInstitutionArchivesdowith

theletter和Kapsalis可定位至第五段，該段最后兩句指出Afteritisrepaired,we

willtakedigitalphotosofitandthatwillbeavailableonline.Oneofoargoalsistoget

itemsofhighresearchvalueorinteresttothepubliconline（修復(fù)后，我們將拍攝它的數(shù)

碼照片，并上傳至網(wǎng)絡(luò)。我們的目標(biāo)之一是在網(wǎng)上向公眾提供具有高研究價(jià)值或其

感興趣的物品），D項(xiàng)“使其可在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上獲取”是對availableonline的原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故木

題選D。

10、WhathasthepasthalfcenturywitnessedaccordingtoKapsalis?

Growinginterestinrareartobjects.

B、Radicalchangesinarchivingpractices.

C、Recoveryofvariousmissingdocuments.

D、Increasesinthevalueofmuseumexhibits.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。眼據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞thepasthalfcentury和Kapsalis可定位至最

后一段第二句，該句指出“Archivingpracticeshavechangedgreatlysincethe

1970s”（“自20世紀(jì)70年代以來，歸檔的做法發(fā)生了巨大變化”），B項(xiàng)“歸檔的做法

的根本性變化”是對該句的同義替換。故本題選B。

YouprobablyknowabouttheTitanic,butitwasactuallyjustoneofthreestate-of-the-art

（最先進(jìn)的）oceanshipsbackintheday.TheOlympicclassshipswerebuiltbythe

Harland&WolffshipmakersinNorthernIrelandfortheWhileStarLinecompany.The

OlympicclassincludedtheOlympic,theBritannicandtheTitanic.Whatyoumaynot

knowisthattheTitanicwasn'teventheflagshipofthisclass.Allinall,theOlympicclass

shipsweremarvelsofseaengineering,buttheyseemedcursedtosufferdisastrousfates.

TheOlympiclaunchedfirstin1910,followedbytheTitanicin1911,andlastlythe

Britannicin1914.Theshipshadninedecks,andWhiteStarLinedecidedtofocuson

makingthemthemostluxuriousshipsonthewater.Stretching269.13meters,the

Olympicclassshipswerewondersofnavaltechnology,andeveryonethoughtthatthey

wouldcontinuetobesoforquitesometime.However,allsufferedterribleaccidentson

theopenseas.TheOlympicgotwreckedbeforetheTitanicdid,butitwastheonlyoneto

surviveandmaintainasuccessfulcareerof24years.TheTitanicwasthefirsttosink

afterfamouslyhittingahugeicebergin1912.Followingthisdisaster,theBritannichita

navalminein1916andsubsequentlysankaswell.Eachshipwascoal-poweredby

severalboilersconstantlykeptrunningbyexhaustedcrewsbelowdeck.Most

recognizableoftheshipdesignsaretheshipssmokestacks,butthefourthstackwas

actuallyjustartisticinnatureandservednofunctionalpurpose.Whiletwooftheseships

sank,theywerealldesignedwithdoublehulls（船體）believedtomakethem

"unsinkable",perhapsamistakenideathatledtotheTitanic'sandtheBritannic'stragic

end.1heOlympicsufferedtwocrasheswithothershipsandwentontoserveasa

hospitalshipandtrooptransportinWorldWarI.Eventually,shewastakenoutofservice

in1935,endingtheeraoftheluxuriousOlympicclassoceanliners.

11、WhatdoesthepassagesayaboutthethreeOlympicclassships?

A、Theyperformedmarvellouslyonthesea.

B、Theycouldallbreaktheiceintheirway.

C>Theyallexperiencedterriblemisfortunes.

D、Theyweremodelsofmodernengineering.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。取據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞thethreeOlympicclassships可定位至第，

段，該段最后一句指出Allinall,theOlympicclassshipsweremarvelsofsea

engineering,buttheyseemedcursedtosufferisastrousfates（總的來說,奧林匹克級別

的船只是海洋工程的奇跡；但它們似乎注定要遭受災(zāi)難性的命運(yùn)），C項(xiàng)“它們都經(jīng)

歷過可怕的不幸”是對sutlerdisastrousfates的同義替換°故本題選C。

12、WhatdidWhiteStarLinehaveinmindwhenitpurchasedthethreeships?

A^Theircapacityofsailingacrossallwaters.

B、Theutmostcomfortpassengerscouldenjoy.

C、Theirabilitytosurvivedisastersofanykind.

D、Thelongvoyagestheywereabletoundertake.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞WhatdidWhiteStarLinehaveinmind可定

位至第二段第二句，該句指出Theshipshadninedecks,andWhiteStarLinedecided

tofocusonmakingthemthemostluxuriousshipsonthewaler（這三艘船舶都彳九層甲

板，白星航運(yùn)公司決定將其打造成海上最豪華舒適的船只），B項(xiàng)“乘客可以享受最

大限度的舒適感”是對themostluxuriousships的同義替換。故本題選B。

13>Whatissaidaboutthefourthstackoftheships?

A、Itwasamerepieceofdecoration.

B、Itwastheworkofafamousartist.

C>Itwasdesignedtoletoutextrasmoke.

D、Itwaseasilyidentifiablefromafar.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。艱據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞thefourthstackottheships可定位至第四段

第二句，該句指出Mostrecognizableoftheshipdesignsaretheship'ssmokestacks,

butthefourthstackwasactuallyjustartisticinnatureandservednofunctional

purpose（船舶設(shè)計(jì)中最具辨識度的是船舶的煙囪，但實(shí)際上第四個煙囪只具有欣賞

價(jià)值，沒有任何實(shí)際功能），A項(xiàng)”它只是一個裝飾品”是對justartisticinnatureand

servednofunctionalpurpose的同義替換。故本題選A。

14、WhatmighthaveledtothetragicendoftheTitanicandtheBritannic?

A、Theirunscientificdesigns.

R、Theircaptains,misjudgment

C^Theassumptionthattheywerebuiltwiththelatesttechnology.

D、Thebeliefthattheycouldneversinkwithadouble-layerbody.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。艱據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞haveledtothetragicendoftheTitanicand

theBritannic可定位至第四段最后一句，該句指出Whiletwooftheseships

sank,theywerealldesignedwithdoublehulls（船體）believedtomakethem

“unsinkable”,perhapsamistakenideathatledtotheTitanic'sandtheBritannic'stragic

end［當(dāng)泰坦尼克號和不列顛尼克號沉船時(shí)，它們都是雙層船體的設(shè)計(jì)，（因?yàn)椋┤藗?/p>

認(rèn)為雙層船體能使得它們“永不沉沒”，這也許是一個錯誤的想法，最終導(dǎo)致了它們

的悲慘結(jié)局］,D項(xiàng)“相信它們的雙層船體使其永不沉沒”是對doublehulls（船

體）believedtomakethem“unsinkable”的同義替換。故本題選D。

15、WhathappenedtotheshipOlympicintheend?

A、Shewasusedtocarrytroops.

B>ShewassunkinWorldWarI.

C^Shewasconvertedintoahospitalship.

D^Shewasretiredafterhernavalservice.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題十關(guān)鍵詞theshipOlympicintheend用定位至最后一

段，該段指出TheOlympicsufferedtwocrasheswithothershipsandwentontoserve

asahospitalshipandtrooptransportinWorldWarI.Eventually,shewastakenout

ofservicein1935...（奧林匹克號曾兩次與其他船只相撞，并在第一次世界大戰(zhàn)中擔(dān)

任醫(yī)療船和軍隊(duì)運(yùn)輸船。奧林匹克號最終于1935年退役……）,D項(xiàng)“她在海軍服

役后退役了”是對該段的概括總結(jié)。故本題選D。

Forthousandsofyears,peoplehaveknownthatthebestwaytounderstandaconceptis

toexplainittosomeoneelse."Whileweteach,welearn,"saidRomanphilosopher

Seneca.Nowscientistsarebringingthisancientwisdomup-to-date.They'redocumenting

whyteachingissuchafruitfulwaytolearn,anddesigninginnovativewaysfbryoung

peopletoengageininstruction.Researchershavefoundthatstudentswhosignuptotutor

othersworkhardertounderstandthematerial,recallitmoreaccuratelyandapplyitmore

effectively.Studentteachersscorehigheronteststhanpupilswho'relearningonlyfor

theirownsake.Buthowcanchildren,stilllearningthemselves,teachothers?One

answer:Theycantutoryoungerkids.Somestudieshavefoundthatfirst-bornchildrenare

moreintelligentthantheirlater-bornsiblings（兄弟姐妹）.ThissuggeststheirhigherIQs

resultfromthetimetheyspendteachingtheirsiblings.Noweducatorsareexperimenting

withwaystoapplythismodeltoacademicsubjects.Theyengagecollegeundergraduates

toteachcomputersciencetohighschoolstudents,whointurninstructmiddleschool

studentsonthetopic.Butthemostcutting-edgetoolunderdevelopmentisthe"teachable

agent"一acomputerizedcharacterwholearns,tries,makesmistakesandasksquestions

justlikeareal-worldpupil.Computerscientistshavecreatedananimated（動畫的）figure

calledBetty'sBrain,whohasbeen"taught*'aboutenvironmentalsciencebyhundredsof

middleschoolstudents.StudentteachersaremotivatedtohelpBettymastercertain

materials.Whilepreparingtoteach,theyorganizetheirknowledgeandimprovetheir

ownunderstanding.Andastheyexplaintheinformationtoit,theyidentifyproblemsin

theirownthinking.Feedbackfromtheteachableagentsfurtherenhancesthetutors'

learning.Theagents'questionscompelstudenttutorstothinkandexplainthematerialsin

differentways,andwatchingtheagentsolveproblemsallowsthemtoseetheir

knowledgeputintoaction.Aboveall,it'stheemotionsoneexperiencesinteachingthat

facilitatelearning.Studenttutorsfeelupsetwhentheirteachableagentsfail,buthappy

whenthesevirtualpupilssucceedastheyderiveprideandsatisfactionfromsomeone

else'saccomplishment.

16、Whatareresearchersrediscoveringthroughtheirstudies?

A、Seneca'sthinkingisstillapplicabletoday.

B、Betterlearnerswillbecomebetterteachers.

CNHumanintelligencetendstogrowwithage.

D、Philosophicalthinkingimprovesinstruction.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A-

知識點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。艱據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞researchers和rediscovering可定位至第二段

第一句，該句指出Researchershavefoundthatstudentswhosignuptotutorothers

workhardertounderstandthematerial,recallitmoreaccuratelyandapplyitmore

effectively（研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，報(bào)名輔導(dǎo)他人的學(xué)生會更加努力地理解材料，更準(zhǔn)確地

回憶它并更有效地應(yīng)用它），該發(fā)現(xiàn)與第一段第二句中“Whileweteach,we

learn,"saidRomanphilosopherSeneca（古羅馬哲學(xué)家塞涅卡說：“我們在教學(xué)的同

時(shí)，也在學(xué)習(xí)”）的內(nèi)容一致，A項(xiàng)“塞涅卡的思想今天仍然適用”是對原文內(nèi)容的概

括總結(jié)。故本題選A。

17、WhatdoweleamaboutBetty'sBrain?

A^Itisacharacterinapopularanimation.

Itisateachingtoolunderdevelopment.

C、Itisacutting-edgeappindigitalgames.

D、Itisatutorforcomputersciencestudents.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Betty'sBrain可定位至第三段第二句，該句

指出Computerscientistshavecreatedananimated（動畫的）figurecalledBetty'sBrain,

whohasbeen“taught“aboutenvironmentalsciencebyhundredsofmiddleschool

students（計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家創(chuàng)造了一個名為“貝蒂的大腦”的動畫人物，數(shù)百名中學(xué)生向

它“教授”了環(huán)境科學(xué)知識），由該段第一句Butthemostcutting-eagetoolunder

developmentisthe（'teachableagent,,一acomputerizedcharacterwholearns,tries,

makesmistakesandasksquestionsjustlikeareal-worldpupil（但目前正在開發(fā)中的最

前沿工具是“可教代理”——一個計(jì)算機(jī)化的角色，可以像現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的學(xué)生一樣學(xué)

習(xí)、嘗試、犯錯和提問）可知，“貝蒂的大腦”是一個計(jì)算機(jī)程序，具備“可教代理”

的功能，B項(xiàng)“它是一種正在開發(fā)的教學(xué)工具”是對第三段第一、二句的適度推斷。

故本題選B。

18、Howdoesteachingothersbenefitstudenttutors?

A、Itmakesthemawareofwhattheyarestrongat.

Itmotivatesthemtotrynovelwaysofteaching.

C>Ithelpsthemlearntheiracademicsubjectsbetter.

D、Itenablesthemtobetterunderstandtheirteachers.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。限據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞teachingothers和benefitstudenttutors可定

位至第三至五段，第三段最后兩句指出Whilepreparingtoteach,theyorganizetheir

knowledgeandimprovetheirownunderstanding.Andastheyexplaintheinformation

toit,theyidentifyproblemsintheirownthinking（在湮備教學(xué)的同時(shí),他們會組織自

己的知識，提升自己的理解。當(dāng)他們向它解釋信息時(shí)，他們會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己思維中的問

題），第四段第一句指出Feedbackfromtheteachableagentsfurtherenhancesthe

tutors，learning（來自可教代理的反饋進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)了教學(xué)者的學(xué)習(xí)），第五段第一句指

出Aboveall,it'stheemotionsoneexperiencesinteachingthatfacilitatelearning（最重

要的是，學(xué)生在教學(xué)中體驗(yàn)到的情緒促進(jìn)了學(xué)習(xí)），C項(xiàng)“教別人學(xué)習(xí)幫助他們更好

地學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)科''是對原文內(nèi)容的概括總結(jié)。故本題選C。

19、Whatdostudentsdototeachtheirteachableagents?

A^Theymotivatethemtothinkindependently.

B、Theyaskthemtodesigntheirownquestions.

C、Theyencouragethemtogivepromptfeedback.

D^Theyusevariouswaystoexplainthematerials.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。艱據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞students和Leachtheirteachableagents可定

位至第四段第二句，該句指出Theagentsquestionscompelstudenttutorstothinkand

explainthematerialsindifferentways,andwatchingtheagentsolveproblemsallows

themtoseetheirknowledgepulintoaclion（代理的問題迫使輔導(dǎo)他人的學(xué)生以不同的

方式思考和解釋材料，而看著代理解決問題讓他們看到自己的知識付諸實(shí)踐），D

項(xiàng)“他們用各種方式來解釋材料”是對Explainthematerialsindifferentways的同義替

換。故本題選D。

20、Whatisthekeyfactorthateasesstudenttutors'learning?

A、Ihcirsenseofresponsibility.

B、Theiremotionalinvolvement.

C^Thelearningstrategyacquired.

D、Theteachingexperiencegained.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。眼據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞thekeyfactorthateasesstudenttutors'

learning可定位至第五段第一句，該句指出Aboveall.it'stheemotionsone

experiencesinteachingthatfacilitatelearning（最重要的是，學(xué)生在教學(xué)中體驗(yàn)到的情

緒促進(jìn)了學(xué)習(xí)），B項(xiàng)“他們的情感參與”是對theemotionsoneexperiencesinteaching

的同義替換。故本題選B。

ProfessorAshokGoelofGeorgiaTechdevelopedanartificiallyintelligentteaching

assistanttohelphandletheenormousnumberofstudentquestionsintheonlineclass,

Knowledge-BasedArtificialIntelligence.Thisonlinecourseisacorerequirementof

GeorgiaTech'sonlineMasterofScienceinComputerScienceprogram.ProfessorGoel

alreadyhadeightteachingassistants,butthatwasn'tenoughtodealwiththe

overwhelmingnumberofdailyquestionsfromstudents.Manystudentsdropoutofonline

coursesbecauseofthelackofteachingsupport.Whenstudentsfeelisolatedorconfused

andreachoutwithquestionsthatgounanswered,theirmotivationtocontinuebeginsto

fade.ProfessorGoeldecidedtodosomethingtoremedythissituationandhissolution

wastocreateavirtualassistantnamedJillWatson,whichisbasedontheIBMWatson

platform.GoelandhisteamdevelopedseveralversionsofJillWatsonbeforereleasing

hertotheonlineforums.Atfirst,thevirtualassistantwasn'ttoogreat.ButGoelandhis

teamsourcedtheonlinediscussionforumtofindall40,000questionsthathadeverbeen

askedsincetheclasswaslaunched.ThentheybegantofeedJillwiththequestionsand

answers.Aftersomeadjustmentsandsufficienttime,Jillwasabletoanswerthestudents'

questionscorrectly97%ofthetime.Thevirtualassistantbecamesoadvancedand

realisticthatthestudentsdidn'tknowshewasacomputer.Thestudents,whowere

studyingartificialintelligence,wereinteractingwiththevirtualassistantandcouldn'ltell

itapartfromarealhumanbeing.Goeldidn'tinformthemaboutJill'strueidentityuntil

April26.Thestudentswereactuallyverypositiveabouttheexperience.Thegoalof

ProfessorGoel'svirtualassistantnextyearistotakeoveranswering40%ofallthe

questionsposedbystudentsontheonlinefbrum.ThenameJillWatsonwill,ofcourse,

changetosomethingelsenextsemester.ProfessorGoelhasamuchrosieroutlookonthe

futureofartificialintelligencethan,say,ElonMusk,StephenHawking,BillGatesor

SteveWozniak.

21、WhatdowelearnaboutKnowledge-BasedArtificialIntelligence?

A、Itisarobotthatcananswerstudents1questions.

B、Itisacoursedesignedforstudentstolearnonline.

C、Itisahigh-techdevicethatrevolutionizesteaching.

D、Itisacomputerprogramthataidsstudentlearning.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。艱據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Knowledge-BasedArtificialIntelligenceKT/E

位至第一段第一句，該句指出ProfessorAshokGoel...tohelphandletheenormous

numberofstudentquestionsintheonlineclass,Knowledge-BasedArtificial

Intelligence（佐治亞理工學(xué)院的阿肖克.戈埃爾教授開發(fā)了一種人工智能助教，以幫

助處理在線課堂上大量的學(xué)生問題，該課程為“基于知識的人工智能”），

Knowledge-BasedArtificialIntelligence為theonlineclass的同位語，且第二句再次

出現(xiàn)Thisonlinecourse,B項(xiàng)“這是一門專為學(xué)生在線學(xué)習(xí)設(shè)計(jì)的課程”是對the

onlineclass和Thisonlinecourse的同義替換。故本題選B。

22、WhatproblemdidProfessorGoelmeetwith?

A、Hisstudentswereunsatisfiedwiththeassistants.

BNHiscoursewastoodifficultforthestudents.

C、Students*questionsweretoomanytohandle.

D^Toomanystudentsdroppedoutofhiscourse.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞problem和ProfessorGoel可定位至第一段

最后一句，該句指出ProfessorGoelalreadyhadeightteachingassistants,butthat

wasn'tenoughtodealwiththeoverwhelmingnumberofdailyquestionsfrom

sludents（戈埃爾教授已有8名助教，但還是不足以處理學(xué)生每天提出的大量問題），

且第二段第三句提到hissolulion（他的解決方案），因此C項(xiàng)“學(xué)生的問題太多以致

無法處理”是ProfessorGoel面臨的問題，是對原文的適度推斷。故本題選C。

23、WhatdowelearnaboutJillWatson?

A、Sheturnedouttobeagreatsuccess.

B、Shegotalongprettywellwithstudents.

C、Shewasunwelcometostudentsatfirst.

D、Shewasreleasedonlineasanexperiment.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。艱據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞川1Watson可定位至第二段末句及第三段，

第二段末句無法解題，繼續(xù)查看卜文。第三段第六句指出Thevinualassistant

becamesoadvancedandrealisticthatthestudentsdidn'tknowshewasacomputer（虛擬

助教變得如此先進(jìn)和真實(shí)，以至于學(xué)生們都不知道她是一臺電腦），且最后一句指

出Thestudentswereactuallyverypositiveabouttheexperience（學(xué)生們對這次經(jīng)歷的

反饋非常積極），A項(xiàng)“結(jié)果證明她取得了巨大的成功”是對第三段的概括總結(jié)。故

本題選Ao

24>HowdidthestudentsfeelaboutJillWatson?

A、Theythoughtshewasabittooartificial.

B、Theyfoundhernotascapableasexpected.

C、Theycouldnotbutadmireherknowledge.

D、Theycouldnottellherfromarealperson.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析:細(xì)節(jié)題。艱據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞thestudentsfeelabout