英語專四倒裝省公開課一等獎全國示范課微課金獎課件

倒裝句1/252/253/25考查重點:1.以so/neither/nor/nomore開頭倒裝句2.以only強調(diào)狀語倒裝句3.以否定詞開頭倒裝句4.省略了if倒裝虛擬條件從句5.therebe存在倒裝句6.as/though引導倒裝讓步狀語從句7.as引導倒裝原因狀語從句8.so/such…that引導程度/結(jié)果狀語從句9.however引導讓步狀語從句10.以be開頭讓步狀語從句

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英語最基本語序是“主語+謂語動詞”，這叫作正常語序或自然語序。假如謂語動詞放到主語之前，這就是倒裝。將謂語動詞完全移至主語之前，就形成全部倒裝；假如只是把助動詞/情態(tài)動詞放在主語之前，這稱為部分倒裝。倒裝原因有兩個：語法需要和修辭需要。英語倒裝句是歷年英語專四考試重點之一。對倒裝句考查主要表達在以下幾個方面。

5/25一、以so/neither/nor/nomore開頭倒裝句

在否定句中，用nor/neither/nomore表示前面所否定情況也適合用于另一個/些人或物，說明另一主語“也不……”時，需用倒裝語序。如：Thefirstonewasn’tgoodandneitherwasthesecond.

Ididn’treadthenoticeontheblackboard,nordidhe.在必定句中，慣用“so+be/have/助動詞+主語”結(jié)構(gòu),說明前一句謂語表示情況也適合用于另一個/些人或物。Societyhaschangedandsohavethepeopleinit.Parkingisagreatproblemandsoisthetrafficinandaroundcities．6/25假如主語和上一句主語相同，表示同意對方看法，意為“是；確實如此”，這時不用倒裝：

—Johnstudiesveryhard.

—Sohedoes.7/25

二、以only強調(diào)狀語倒裝句

副詞only所強調(diào)方式狀語、條件狀語、地點狀語、時間狀語等位于句首時，引發(fā)部分倒裝。Onlybyseizingeveryminutecanwefinishtheworkontime．Onlythendidwerealizethatthemanwasblind.Onlyafterthreeoperationswassheabletowalkwithoutsticks．假如only修飾詞不是作狀語而是作主語時，句子就不用倒裝。如：Onlyhismotherwasinvited．Onlysomeoftheboyspassedtheexamination．8/25三、以否定詞開頭倒裝句為了強調(diào)句子中否定狀語，常將其置于句首，這時普通引發(fā)部分倒裝。常見含有否定意義副詞、連詞或詞組有：atnotime,bynomeans,hardly

/scarcely/barely…when,few,little,never,nosooner…than,not,notuntil,nowhere,notonly…butalso,onnoaccount,rarely,seldom,under/innocircumstances等。如：SeldominallmylifehaveImetsuchadeterminedperson．Hardlyhadhefinishedwhensomeonerosetorefutehisviews．Littledoeshecareaboutwhatothersthink．

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notonly…butalso…假如連接兩個句子，則第一個句子倒裝，第二個句子不倒裝。如：Notonlyisthestoryinteresting,butalsoitsEnglishwillhelpusinwriting．假如否定詞只否定主語或副詞，就不用倒裝：Hardlyanybodybelievesthat．Notlongagoitrained．10/25四、省略了if倒裝虛擬條件從句

在含有were,had,should等詞虛擬條件從句中，可把連詞if省去，把這三個詞移至句首，從而形成倒裝。如：

Wereheherenow(=Ifhewereherenow),hewouldtelluswhattodo．Hadthemanagementactedsooner,thestrikewouldn’thavehappened．Shoulditnotrain,thecropswoulddie．Weretheytoarrivebeforewedepartthedayaftertomorrow,weshouldhaveawonderfuldinnerparty．11/25五、therebe存在倒裝句

therebe表示存在句子，其后名詞詞組為主語，從而形成倒裝。如：Theremustbemanyshortcomingsanderrorsinthatbook．Thereisayoungmanwaitingforyououtside．theretobe用在及物動詞或介詞for之后；其他情況用therebeing結(jié)構(gòu)(作主語、狀語、介賓等）。

12/25六、as/though引導倒裝讓步狀語從句

在as/though引導讓步狀語從句中，位于句首能夠是形容詞、名詞、副詞、動詞原形、-ed分詞等。在句首假如是名詞，不要帶冠詞；但假如名詞前有形容詞修飾，則經(jīng)常帶冠詞。如：GreatasNewtonwas,manyofhisideashavebeenchallengedtodayandarebeingmodifiedbytheworkofscientistsofourtime．Muchthoughhelikesher,hedoesgetannoyedwithhersometimes.Childasheis,hecanrideahorse．Tiredashewas,heworkedlateintothenight．

13/25七、as引導倒裝原因狀語從句

在as引導原因狀語從句中，有時把表語提前。它和as引導讓步狀語從句區(qū)分，主要依據(jù)句子表示意思來判斷。當主句和從句表示相互對立關(guān)系時，是讓步狀語從句；當主句和從句表示正常因果關(guān)系時，是原因狀語從句：Thehousewasveryquiet,isolatedasitwasonthesideofamountain．

Tiredashewas,hewenttobedearly．

Youngashewas,hewasnotequaltothetask．14/25八、so/such…that引導程度/結(jié)果狀語從句

so在句首修飾形容詞或副詞表示強調(diào)時，主句要用倒裝語序，后面接that引導程度/結(jié)果狀語從句。

Soastonishendwashethathecouldscarcelycontainhimself.Soloudlydidhespeakthathewasheardupstairs.

在強調(diào)某個名詞詞組語義作用時，用作表語代詞such也可位于句首，形成倒裝，后跟that引導結(jié)果狀語從句：

Suchwastheforceoftheexplosionthatallthewindowswerebroken.Suchwashisanxietythathecouldn’tstoptrembling.15/25九、however引導讓步狀語從句

however為連接副詞，引導讓步狀語從句，其意義和作用相當于nomatterhow,however后面接形容詞或副詞，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“however+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語”：

Howevertalentedamanmaybe,thecollectivewillalwaysbewiserandstronger.

Howevercolditis,shealwaysgoesswimming.16/25十、以表示“地點”介詞短語開頭倒裝句當句首為表示地點介詞短語時，為了保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，或為了使上下文銜接緊密，常使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)：

Alongthedustyroadcameagroupoftourists.Outsidetheentrancestoodtwopoliceofficerswithguns.17/25十一、以be開頭讓步狀語從句兩種句式：一是“be+主語+or連接兩個表語”，相當于whether…or:

Beherichorpoor(Whetherheisrichorpoor),I’llmarryhimallthesame.

Behefriendorfoe,thelawregardedhimascriminal.

二是“be+主語+everso+形容詞”，相當于no

matterhow:

Beachildeversoclever,ifhedoesn’tlearn,heknowsnothing.

Betheraineversoheavy,Imustgotoseeyouthisafternoon.18/25英語專業(yè)四級考試真題：1.A:Mother,youpromisedtotakemeout.B:Well,______.()A.soIdidB.sodidIC.soIdoD.sodoI2.Itisgoingtobefinetomorrow.______.()A.SoisitB.SoitisC.SoitdoesD.Sodoesit3.Little______aboutherownsafety,thoughsheherselfwasingreatdanger.()A.shecaredB.shemaycareC.mayshecareD.didshecare19/254.______hewantedtogooutwithhisfriendsattheweekend,hehadtostaybehindtofinishhisassignment.()A.MuchthoughB.MuchasC.AsmuchD.Thoughmuch5._____you_____furtherproblemswithyourprinter,contactyourdealerforadvice.()A.If;hadB.Have;hadC.Should;haveD.Incase;had6.______,I’llmarryhimallthesame.()A.WasherichorpoorB.WhetherrichorpoorC.WereherichorpoorD.Beherichorpoor20/257.______bothsidesaccepttheagreement______alastingpeacebeestablishedinthisregion.()A.Onlyif,willB.Ifonly,wouldC.Should,willD.Unless,would8.______,healwaystrieshisbesttocompleteitontime.(1999)A.HoweverthetaskishardB.HoweverhardthetaskisC.ThoughhardthetaskisD.Thoughhardisthetask21/259.______heneededmoneyforanewcar,hedecidednottoborrowitfromthebank.(1998)A.MuchasB.MuchthoughC.AsmuchD.Thoughmuch10.Heisnotunderarrest,______anyrestrictiononhim.(1995)A.orthepolicehaveplacedB.orhavethepoliceplacedC.northepolicehaveplacedD.norhavethepoliceplaced22/2511.S