trainbodystructure車體結(jié)構(gòu)課件

trainbodystructure車體結(jié)構(gòu)Structuralcognitionandinspectionofhigh-speedtrainKeynotespeaker：RuofeiWang高速列車構(gòu)造認(rèn)知與檢查主講人：王若飛一trainbodyfunctionandclassification二ComponentsandfunctionsoftrainbodystructureCONTENTS車體作用及分類車體結(jié)構(gòu)的組成部件及作用目錄PAPTONEtrainbodyfunctionandclassification>>>車體作用及分類trainbodyfunctionandclassificationThetrainbodyshouldbearvariousdynamicandstaticloadsandvariousvibrations.Thestructureshouldbeadaptedtothespeedofabout100km/h,andthesoundinsulation,vibrationreduction,heatinsulationandfirepreventionshouldbeusedtoensurethesafetyofpassengersasfaraspossibleundertheconditionofaccidents.Thetrainbodyisoneofthemostimportantpartsofurbanrailtransitvehicles.Thelowerpartofthechassisissupportedonthebogie.Itisalsothebasisforinstallingandconnectingotherequipmentandcomponents.車體要承受各種動(dòng)、靜荷載、各種振動(dòng)，結(jié)構(gòu)上要適應(yīng)100km/h左右速度運(yùn)行，還要隔音、減振、隔熱、防火，在事故狀態(tài)下盡可能保證旅客安全。車體是容納乘客乘坐和司機(jī)駕駛的部件，其底架下部支撐在轉(zhuǎn)向架上，也是安裝和連接其他設(shè)備及組件的基礎(chǔ)，是城市軌道交通車輛最重要的部件之一。車體作用及分類Thebasicformofurbanrapidrailtransitvehiclebodycanbedividedintoweatheringsteelbody,stainlesssteelbodyandaluminumalloybodyaccordingtodifferentmaterials.Atpresent,themainmaterialsoftrainbodyarestainlesssteelandaluminumalloy.Accordingtothestructureofthetrainwithorwithoutthedriver'scab,itcanbedividedintothetrainbodywithorwithoutthedriver'scab.Accordingtothebodysize,itcanbedividedintotypeAtrainbody,typeBtrainbodyandtypeCtrainbody.Forexample,ZhengzhousubwayLine1and2usetypeBtrain,andZhengzhousubwayLine5usesTypeAtrain.Accordingtothetrainbodystructureprocess,itcanbedividedintointegratedstructureandmodularstructure.Forexample,GuangzhouMetroLine1adoptsintegratedstructure,whileLine2adoptsmodularstructure.123trainbodyfunctionandclassification車體作用及分類城市快速軌道交通車輛車體的基本形式，按材料不同可分為耐候鋼車體、不銹鋼車體和鋁合金車體三種?，F(xiàn)階段車體材料主要是不銹鋼和鋁合金。按車體結(jié)構(gòu)有無司機(jī)室可分為司機(jī)室車體和無司機(jī)室車體。按車體尺寸可分為A型車車體、B型車車體、C型車車體，如鄭州地鐵一、二號線采用了B型車，鄭州地鐵五號線采用了A型車。按車體結(jié)構(gòu)工藝可分為一體化結(jié)構(gòu)和模塊化結(jié)構(gòu)，如廣州地鐵一號線采用一體化結(jié)構(gòu)，而二號線采用的則是模塊化結(jié)構(gòu)。Generallyfortheelectricmultipleunit,thereisthefirsttrain(withthedriver'scabofthevehicle)andthemiddletrain,aswellasthehigh-speedtrainandtrailer.Serviceinthecity'spublictransport,inthetrainplanelayoutonfewerseats,moredoorsandopenness,internalserviceforpassengersoftheequipmentisrelativelysimple.Theweightrestrictionisrelativelystrict,especiallyfortheelevatedlightrailline,whichrequireslightweightandlowaxleload,soastoreducetheengineeringinvestmentoftheline.Inordertomakethetrainbodylightweight,largehollowsectionextrudedaluminum,highstrengthcompositematerialsorstainlesssteelmaterialsaregenerallyusedforthebearingstructureofthetrainbodytoformtheoverallbearingcylindricalstructure,andotherauxiliaryfacilitiesofthetrainbodyshouldadoptlightweightmaterialsasfaraspossible.1234trainbodyfunctionandclassification車體作用及分類一般為電動(dòng)車組，有頭車（帶有司機(jī)室的車輛）和中間車，以及動(dòng)車與拖車之分。服務(wù)于城市內(nèi)的公共交通，在車內(nèi)平面布置上座位少、車門多而且開度大，內(nèi)部服務(wù)于乘客的設(shè)備較簡單。重量限制較為嚴(yán)格，特別是高架輕軌線路，要求列車質(zhì)量輕、軸重小，以降低線路的工程投資。為使車體輕量化，對于車體承載結(jié)構(gòu)一般采用大型中空截面擠壓鋁型材、高強(qiáng)度復(fù)合材料或不銹鋼材料，構(gòu)成整體承載筒形結(jié)構(gòu)，車體的其他輔助設(shè)施盡量采用輕型化材料。Thefirepreventionrequirementofthetrainbodyisstrict,especiallyforthesubwayvehiclerunningintheundergroundtunnel,oncethefirehappens,theconsequencesareunimaginable.Thestructureandmaterialofthetrainbodyadoptfirepreventiondesignandflameretardanttreatment.Therearestrictrequirementsforsoundinsulationandnoisereductionofvehiclestominimizetheimpactofnoiseonpassengersandresidentsalongtheline,sothetrainbodyshouldhavegoodsealingandvibrationabsorptioncapacity.Theappearanceandcolorofvehiclesshouldbebeautifiedandcoordinatedwiththeurbanlandscape.567trainbodyfunctionandclassification車體作用及分類車體的防火要求嚴(yán)格，特別是運(yùn)行于地下隧道的地鐵車輛，一旦發(fā)生火災(zāi)后果不堪設(shè)想。對車體的結(jié)構(gòu)及選材上均采用防火設(shè)計(jì)和阻燃處理。對車輛的隔音和減噪有嚴(yán)格要求，以最大限度地降低噪聲對乘客和沿線居民的影響，因此車體應(yīng)具備良好的密封和吸振能力。對車輛的外觀造型和色彩都有美化及與城市景觀相協(xié)調(diào)的要求。01Bearingstructureofbottomframe:Allloadbythebottomframetobearthebodystructure,alsoknownasfreebearingstructure.Commonbearingstructureofsidewallandbottomframe:Byside,endwallandbottomframejointlybeartheloadofthetrainbodystructure,alsoknownassidewallbearingstructure.Itsside,endwallandbottomframeformawholebyfixing,withhighstrength,stiffness.02trainbodyfunctionandclassification車體作用及分類底架承載結(jié)構(gòu)：全部載荷由底架來承擔(dān)的車體結(jié)構(gòu)，也稱自由承載結(jié)構(gòu)。側(cè)墻和底架共同承載結(jié)構(gòu)：由側(cè)、端墻與底架共同承擔(dān)載荷的車體結(jié)構(gòu)，也稱側(cè)墻承載結(jié)構(gòu)。其側(cè)、端墻與底架等通過固接形成一個(gè)整體，具有較高的強(qiáng)度、剛度。03Overallbearingstructure:Intheplatebeamtypeside,endwallisfixedlyconnectedbymetalplate,beamassemblyandweldedroof,sothatthebottomframe,sidewall,endwall,roofconnectedintoawhole,becomeanopenorclosedboxstructure,atthistime,allpartsofthestructureofthetrainbodyareinvolvedinbearingload,sothisstructureiscalledtheoverallbearingstructure.trainbodyfunctionandclassification車體作用及分類整體承載結(jié)構(gòu)：在板梁式側(cè)、端墻上固接由金屬板、梁組焊而成的車頂，使車體的底架、側(cè)墻、端墻、車頂連接成一個(gè)整體，成為開口或閉口箱形結(jié)構(gòu)，此時(shí)車體各部分結(jié)構(gòu)均參與承受載荷，因而稱這種結(jié)構(gòu)為整體承載結(jié)構(gòu)。PAPTTWOComponentsandfunctionsoftrainbodystructure>>>車體結(jié)構(gòu)的組成部件及作用chassisTheunderframeisthebasicstructureofthetrainbody.Thestructuralmoduleoftheunderframeincludesfloor,sidebeam(leftandright),pillowbeam(2)andtractionbeam(2)components.Sidebeam,pillowbeamandtractionbeamareweldedtogethercontinuously.底架Thefloor,heatinsulationandsoundinsulationmaterials,pipelineandwiretroughunderthechassisarepre-integratedwiththechassis.底架是車體的基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，底架結(jié)構(gòu)模塊包括地板、邊梁(左和右)、枕梁(2根)、牽引梁(2個(gè))組件。邊梁、枕梁、牽引梁采用連續(xù)焊接組合在一起，將地板、隔熱隔聲材料、底架下管路和電線槽預(yù)先與底架組成一體，Thenitisconnectedwiththesidewallandendmodule,andthesidebeamofthebottomframeismechanicallyconnectedwiththesidewallmoduleonthewholelength,andlocallystrengthenedatthepositionofthebottomframe.然后與側(cè)墻和端部模塊連接，底架邊梁在整個(gè)長度上與側(cè)墻模塊進(jìn)行機(jī)械連接，在底架的架車位置進(jìn)行局部加強(qiáng)。chassisThemainbeamonthebottomframeisusedtoconnectthewalkingpartandtransferitsload,andthetractionbeamisusedtoinstallthehookbufferofthevehicle,whichisusedtotransferthetractionforceandbrakingforcebetweenvehicles.底架Themainfunctionofthetrainbodyunderframeistobeartheupperloadofthetrainbodyaswellasthelateralforcecausedbyvariousreasonsandallkindsofvibrationandimpactfromtherunningpart,andtransferthetractionforceandbrakingforceofthetrain.車體底架的主要作用是承受車體上部載荷以及因各種原因而引起的橫向力和走行部傳遞來的各種振動(dòng)和沖擊，并傳遞列車的牽引力和制動(dòng)力。底架上的主橫梁用于走行部的連接并傳遞其載荷，牽引梁用于安裝車輛的車鉤緩沖器，用來傳遞車輛間的牽引力和制動(dòng)力。SidewallsThesidewalliscomposedofthreeparts:theupperwallpanel,thelowerwallpanelandthewallpanelbetweentheWindows.Thesidewallismadeofordinaryaluminumprofilesandhollowaluminumprofilesweldedtogether.Theinnersideofthesidewallispreinstalledwithheatinsulationandsoundinsulationmaterials,Windowsandinnerwallpanels.Thesidewallmodule,thechassisandtheroofmodulearefastenedbyriveting.側(cè)墻由上墻板、下墻板、窗間墻板三部分組成，側(cè)墻由普通鋁型材和中空鋁型材焊接而成，在側(cè)墻內(nèi)側(cè)預(yù)裝有隔熱隔聲材料、車窗和內(nèi)墻板。側(cè)墻模塊與底架和車頂模塊之間用拉鉚緊固聯(lián)結(jié)。側(cè)墻SidewallsThesidewallisanimportantpartthatdeterminestheheightofthetrainbody.Thesidewallisconnectedwiththebottomframeandtherooftobearandtransfertheloadfromthetrainbodytogether.側(cè)墻是決定車體高度的重要部件，側(cè)墻與底架、車頂連接在一起，共同承受和傳遞來自車體的載荷。側(cè)墻TheroofTheroofstructureiscomposedofroofsidebeams(leftandright),roof(3pieces)andairconditioningunitinstallati