專升本英語（閱讀）模擬試卷126

專升本英語（閱讀）模擬試卷126

一、閱讀理解（本題共25題，每題7.0分，共25分。）

Largecompaniesneedawaytoreachthesavingofthepublicatlarge.Thesame

problem,onasmallerscale,facespracticallyeverycompanytryingtodevelopnew

productsandcreatenewjobs.Therecanbelittleprospectofraisingthesortofsums

neededfromfriendsandpeopleweknow,andwhilebanksmayagreetoprovideshort-

termfinance,theyaregenerallyunwillingtoprovidemoneyonapermanentbasisfor

long-termprojects.Socompaniesturntothepublic,invitingpeopletolendthemmoney,

ortakeashareinthebusinessinexchangeforashareinfutureprofits.Thistheydoby

issuingstocksandsharesinthebusinessthroughTheStockExchange.Bydoingsothey

canputintocirculationthesavingofindividualsandinstitutions,bothathomeand

overseas.Whenthesaverneedshismoneyback,hedoesnothavetogotothecompany

withwhomheoriginallyplacedit.Instead,hesellshissharesthroughastockbrokerto

someothersaverwhoisseekingtoinvesthismoney.Manyoftheservicesneededboth

byindustryandbyeachofusareprovidedbytheGovernmentorbylocalauthorities.

Withouthospitals,roads,electricity,telephones,railways,thiscountrycouldnotfunction.

Alltheserequirecontinuousspendingonnewequipmentandnewdevelopmentifthey

arctoserveusproperly,inquiringmoremoneythanisraisedthroughtaxesalone.The

government,localauthorities,andnationalizedindustriesthereforefrequentlyneedto

borrowmoneytofinancemajorcapitalspending,andthey,too,cometoTheStock

Exchange.Thereishardlyamanorwomaninthiscountrywhosejoborwhosestandard

oflivingdoesnotdependontheabilityofhisorheremployerstoraisemoneytofinance

newdevelopment.Inonewayoranother,thisnewmoneymustcomefromthesavingsof

thecountry.TheStockExchangeexiststoprovideachannelthroughwhichthesesavings

canreachthosewhoneedfinance.

1、Almostallcompaniesinvolvedinnewproductionanddevelopmentmust.

A^relyontheirownfinancialresources

B、persuadethebankstoprovidelong-termfinance

C、borrowlargesumsofmoneyfromfriendsandpeopletheyknow

D、dependonthepopulationasawholeforfinance

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：文章第一段中“Socompaniesturntothepublic,invitingpeopletolend

themmoney,ortakeashareinthebusinessinexchangeforashareinfutureprofits.”

文章中的“tumto”“l(fā)cnd''和選項(xiàng)中的D4tdcpcndon,forfinance”同義替換。

2、Themoneywhichenablesthesecompaniestogoaheadwiththeirprojectsis.

A、repaidtoitsoriginalownersassoonaspossible

BNraisedbythesellingofsharesinthecompanies

C、exchangedforpartownershipinTheStockExchange

D^investedindifferentcompaniesonTheStockExchange

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：文章第一段末尾“Thistheydobyissuingstocksandsharesinthe

businessthroughTheStockExchange.Bydoingsotheycanputintocirculationthe

savingofindividualsandinstitutions,bothathomeandoverseas.”故選B。

3、Whenthesaverswanttheirmoneybackthey.

A^askanothercompanytoobtaintheirmoneyforthem

B、lookforotherpeopletoborrowmoneyfrom

C^puttheirsharesinthecompanybackonthemarket

D^transfertheirmoneytomoresuccessfulcompany

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析:第二段第二句"hesellshissharesthroughastockbrokertosomeother

saverwhoisseekingtoinvesthismoney.”故選Co

4、Alltheessentialservicesonwhichwedependare.

A、runbytheGovernmentorourlocalauthorities

B、inconstantneedoffinancialsupport

C、financedwhollybyratesandtaxes

D、unabletoprovidefortheneedsofthepopulation

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：從文章第三段“Alltheserequirecontinuousspendingonnewequipment

andnewdevelopmentiftheyaretoserveusproperly,requiringmoremoneythanis

raisedthroughtaxesalone.”文中“requiringmoremoney”與選項(xiàng)中B的“inconstant

needoffinancialsupport”同義替換。

5、TheStockExchangemakesitpossiblefortheGovernment,localauthoritiesand

nationalizedindustries.

ANtoborrowasmuchmoneyastheywish

B、tomakecertaineverybodysavesmoney

C^toraisemoneytofinancenewdevelopments

D、tomakecertaineverybodylendsmoneytothem

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析：文章第四段第一句"Thereishardlyamanorwomaninthiscountry

whosejoborwhosestandardoflivingdoesnotdependontheabilityofhisorher

employerstoraisemoneytofinancenewdevelopment.'"故C正確。

Thereisapopularbeliefamongparentsthatschoolsarcnolongerinterestedinspelling.

NoschoolIhavetaughtinhaseverignoredspellingorconsidereditunimportantasa

basicskill.Thereare,hov/ever,vastlydifferentideasabouthowtoteachit,orhowmuch

prioritizeitmustbegivenovergenerallanguagedevelopmentandwritingability.The

problemis,howtoencourageachildtoexpresshimselffreelyandconfidentlyinwriting

withoutholdinghimbackwiththecomplexitiesofspelling.Ifspellingbecomestheonly

focalpointofhisteacher'sinterest,clearlyabrightchildwillbelikelyto"playsafe".He

willtendtowriteonlywordswithinhisspellingrange,choosingtoavoidadventurous

language.That'swhyteachersoftenencouragetheearlyuseofdictionariesandpay

attentiontocontentratherthantechnicalability.Iwasonceshockedtoreadonthe

bottomofasensitivepieceofwritingaboutapersonalexperience:"Thisworkisterrible!

Therearcfartoomanyspellingerrorsandyourwritingisillegible（難以辨認(rèn)的）Itmay

havebeenasharpcriticismofthepupil'stechnicalabilitiesinwriting,butitwasalsoa

sadreflectionontheteacherwhohadomittedtoreadtheessay,whichcontainedsome

beautifulexpressionsofthechild'sdeepfeelings.Theteacherwasnotwrongtodraw

attentiontotheerrors,butifhisprioritieshadcenteredonthechild'sideas,anexpression

ofhisdisappointmentwiththepresentationwouldhavegiventhepupilmoremotivation

toseekimprovement.

6、Teachersaredifferentintheiropinionsabout.

A^thedifficultiesinteachingspelling

B、theroleofspellingingenerallanguagedevelopment

C、thecomplexitiesofthebasicspellingskills

D^thenecessityofteachingspelling

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：文章第—'段中提至IITherearc,however,vastlydifferentideasabout

howtoteachit,orhowmuchprioritize（優(yōu)先）itmustbegivenovergenerallanguage

developmentandwritingability,故選B。

7、Theexpression"playsafe"probablymeans.

A^towritecarefully

B、todoasteacherssay

C、tousedictionariesfrequently

D^toavoidusingwordsoneisnotsureof

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：文中對playsafe進(jìn)行了解釋，即Hewilltendtowriteonlywords

withinhisspellingrange,choosingtoavoidadventurouslanguage.與D答案相符。

8、Teachersencouragetheuseofdictionariessothat.

A、studentswillbeabletoexpresstheirideasmorefreely

B、teacherswillhavelesstroubleincorrectingmistakes

CNstudentswillhavemoreconfidenceinwriting

D、studentswilllearntobeindependentofteachers

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：文章第一段的末尾Theproblemis,howtoencourageachildtoexpress

himselffreelyandconfidentlyinwritingwithoutholdinghimbackwiththecomplexities

ofspeHing?而后作者又提至I」，That,swhyteachersoftenencouragetheearlyuseof

dictionariesandpayattentiontocontentratherthantechnicalability.可知A是正確答

案。

9、Thewriterseemstothinkthattheteacher'sjudgmentonthatsensitivepieceof

writingis.

A^reasonable

B、unfair

C、foolish

D、careless

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：從第三段末尾來看Theteacherwasnotwrongtodrawattentiontothe

errors,butifhisprioritieshadcenteredonthechild'sideas?在這里關(guān)鍵是讀出but的

語義轉(zhuǎn)折及后面的虛擬。由此可知教師的評語是不太公平的。

10、Themajorpointdiscussedinthepassageis.

A^theimportanceofdevelopingspellingskills

B>thecomplexitiesofspelling

C、thecorrectwayofmarkingcompositions

D、therelationshipbetweenspellingandthecontentofacomposition

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：文章開始表明了拼寫現(xiàn)象被忽視，而后又列舉了拼寫所造成的問題。

故作者主張重視拼寫技能。

Treesshouldonlybeprunedwhenthereisagoodandclearreasonfordoingsoand,

fortunately,thenumberofsuchreasonsissmall.Pruninginvolvesthecuttingawayof

overgrownandunwantedbranches,andtheinexperiencedgardenercanbeencouragedby

thethoughtthatmoredamageresultsfromdoingitunnecessarilythanfromleavingthe

treetogrowinitsownway.Firstly,pruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshavea

desiredshapeorsize.Theobjectmaybetogetatreeoftherightheight,andatthesame

timetohelpthegrowthofsmallsidebrancheswhichwillthickenitsappearanceorgiveit

aspecialshape.Secondly,pruningmaybedonetomakethetreehealthier.Youmaycut

outdiseasedordeadwood,orbranchesthatarcrubbingagainsteachotherandthus

causingwounds.Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingbranchesthatarc

blockingupthecenterandsopreventingthefreemovementofair.Oneresultofpruning

isthatanopenwoundisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordisease,butit

isawoundthatwillheal.Oftenthereisaracebetweenthehealingandthediseaseasto

whetherthetreewillliveordie,sothatthereisaperiodwhenthetreeisatrisk.Itshould

betheaimofeverygardenertoreducethatriskofdeathasfaraspossible.Itisessential

tomaketheareawhichhasbeenprunedsmoothandclear,fbrhealingwillbeslowed

downbyroughness.Youshouldallowthecutsurfacetodryforafewhoursandthen

paintitwithoneofthesubstancesavailablefromgardenshopsproducedespeciallytbr

thispurpose.Pruningisusuallydoneinwinter,lorthenyoucanseetheshapeofthetree

clearlywithoutinterferencefromtheleavesanditis,too,veryunlikelythatthecutsyou

makewillbleed,ifthisdoeshappen,itis,ofcourse,impossibletopaintthemproperly.

11、Pruningissometimesdoneto.

A、allowthetreetogrowinitsownway

getridofsmallbranches

C、improvetheshapeofthetree

D^letthetreegrowtaller

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析：文章第二段第一句話Firsily,pruningmaybedonetomakesurethat

treeshaveadesiredshapeorsize.可知C是正確答案。

12>Treeswillbecomeunhealthywhen.

A、toomanybranchesgrowinthemiddle

branchesinthemiddlearecutaway

C、smallsidebranchesbecomethick

D、overgrownbranchesareremoved

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：第二段結(jié)尾Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremoving

branchesthatareblockingupthecenterandsopreventingthefreemovemenlofair.文

中的center與選項(xiàng)中inthemiddle同義替換。

13、Aspecialsubstanceispaintedonthecutsurfaceofthetree.

A、topreventthebleedingoftheliquid

B、topreventdiseasefromenteringthewound

C、tohelpthewounddryquickly

D、toremedytheroughnessofthewound

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：文章第四段開頭Youshouldallowthecutsurfacetodryforafewhours

andthenpaintitwithoneofthesubstancesavailablefromgardenshopsproduced

especiallyforthispurpose.此題的關(guān)鍵是讀出forthispurpose指彳?的是什么。垢合

第三段的內(nèi)容可知thispurpose指的就是preventdisease。故選B。

14、Agoodgardenerprunesatree.

A^atintervalsthroughouttheyear

B、regularlyeverywinter

C、onlywhennecessary

D^onceeveryyear

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析：文章開頭Treesshouldonlybeprunedwhenthereisagoodandclear

reasonfordoingso.文中用only表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，故選C。

15、Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?

A、Todescribetheadvantagesofpiuning.

B、Togiveageneraldescriptionofpruning.

C>Todiscussdifferentmethodsofpruning.

D、Toexplainthereasonsforpruning.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：文章開頭提出中心，而后解釋了兩種情況下可剪除樹枝，最后提出修

剪的方法。故選D。

Compulsiveshoppersmayhaveanewpsychologicalexcusetoblamefortheirwild

shopping.PsychologistsattheUniversityofCanterburyinNewZealandarestudyingthe

"shop-till-you-drop"habitasabehavioraldisordersimilartocompulsiveeating.

Compulsiveshoppersfrequentlybuymorethantheycanaffordormorethantheyneed,

anditcausesthemdistress."Itbecomesaproblemwhenyouareoutofcontrol,"

psychologylecturerNevilleBlampiedsaid."Whenyouarefeelingbadandblue,whatdo

youdo?Somepeopleeatchocolatecakeandicecream.Somepeopletakeihecreditcard

andgoouttotheshop."Bankmanagersunderstandtheproblembecausetheyhaveto

dealwithpeoplewhohavetobepersuadedtostopusingtheircardsdrawingmoney.

Compulsiveshoppingwasfirstdiscoveredin1915,althoughitwasthenknownas

onioniania.Fewstudieshavebeendoneontheproblem.Anadvertisementina

Christchurchpaper,callingforpeopletotakepartinanexperimentaltreatmentprogram

designedbyMrWilson,attracted10replies.Buttheproblem,saidMrWilson,is"clearly

notrare'1.Hethinksthatcompulsiveshoppingshouldbetreatedwithdrugs.*'As

psychologistsweareinterestedinnon-drugtreatmentsforbehavioraldifficulties,"Mr

Wilsonsaid.Theaimofthetreatmentwastohelppeoplefindbetterwaysofmanaging

theiremotions.Theprogram,consistingof10one-hourweeklylessonsandtwofollow-

uptreatments,islooselybasedonteachingstressmanagement."Youoftenhavetostart

togetpeopletocorrectlyrecognizetheiremotions.Notbeingabletoknowwhatyou

reallyfeelweakensyourabilitytosolvetheproblemsconnectedwithwhat'smakingyou

feelthatway,"MrWilsonsaid.

16>Whatisthisarticlemostlyabout?

A、Signsofcompulsiveshopping.

B、Studiesofcompulsiveshopping.

C、Comparisonofcompulsiveshoppingandcompulsiveeating.

D、AnexperimentaltreatmentprogramdesignedbyMrWilson.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：本題的命題意圖是檢測學(xué)生對全文主旨的概括能力。全文講述的是關(guān)

于“強(qiáng)迫性購物及其治療方法的研究”，故選B。

17、Thecompulsiveshopperswillgoshoppingwhen.

A、theyhavelotsofmoney

B、theyaretakingdrugs

C^theyarefeelingsad

D、theywinaprize

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)考/題。由第二段“Whenyouarefeelingbadandblue,whatdo

youdo?...Somepeopletakethecreditcardandgoouttotheshop.”即可得到答案。

18、Theunderlinedword"it"inthefirstparagraphmostprobablyrefersto.

A、compulsiveeating

B>anewpsychologicalexcuse

C>thestudydonebyBlampied

D^thebehaviorofwildshopping

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：此處的it實(shí)際上是指“Compulsiveshoppersfrequentlybuymorethan

theycanaffordormorethantheyneed”這一狀況。

19、Whichofthefollowingisconsideredimportantintreatingcompulsiveshoppers?

A^Teachingthemtomanagetheirmoneybetter.

B>leachingthemtounderstandtheiremotions.

C^Persuadingthemnottodrawmoneyfromthebank.

D^Treatingthemwithrightdrugs.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：由倒數(shù)第二段第一句可知治療的目的是為了幫助人們尋找控制他們情

緒的最好的辦法，即心病還須心藥醫(yī)。

20、Howlongwillthetreatmentprogramlast?

A、Tenhours.

B、Oneweek.

C、Tendays.

D、Tenweeks.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)第五段“Theprogram,consistingof10one—hourweekly

lessons”，可推知每周一小時的課程，共10小時，故應(yīng)該持續(xù)10周，因此選D。

ThenorthAustraliancityonDarwinwasdevastatedbyastrongcycloneonChristmas

Day.Thedeathanddestructionwasduealmostasmuchtohumanfactorsastothe

violenceofthewind.PeopleinDarwinhadbecomesoaccustomedtocyclonewarnings

thatfewofthempaidanentioniotheradiowarningsofCycloneTracyapproach,which

beganearlyonChristmasEve.Manypeople,infact,diedintheircarsastheytriedto

drivehomethroughthecyclonefromChristmaspartiesorsocialcalls.SinceTownsville

wasdevastatedbyacycloneinDecember1971,theweatherauthoritieshaveregularly

issuedalarmsofeverydangerouscyclone.Butbecausefewofthecycloneseverhitthe

coastaltowns,peopletherehadcometoignorethewarnings.Darwin'slastalertwas

broadcastonlytwoweeksbeforeCycloneTracy.Onthatoccasionthestormchanged

directionandheadedoffharmlesslydownthecoast.Apartfromthosepeoplekilledin

theircars,nearlyalltheothervictimsdiedinthedamageoftheirhomeswhich,despite

thefactthatDarwinliesintherecognizedcyclonebelt,hadnotbeenbuilttowithstand

cyclonicwinds.AlthoughbuildingstandardsinotherstatesofAustraliaweremademuch

stricterafterthetragedyalTownsville,theDarwinauthoritiesneverfollowedthenew

regulations.ConsequentlymostofsuburbanDarwinwasbuiltoflightwoodandiron

raisedoffthegroundonpilestogivecoolnessinthetropicalclimate.Andthesidesofthe

housesweresimplynailedtotheroofinsteadofbeingfirmlyattachedwithwhat

Australianbuilderscall"cyclonebolts".Asaresult,manypeoplewerekilledbyflying

sheetsofironfromtheroofs.

21、TheinhabitantsofDarwinignoredthecyclonewarningbecause.

A、itwasChristmasEve

B、Darwindoesnotlieinthecyclon