新課標(biāo)2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Unit1CulturalrelicsSectionⅡLearningaboutLanguage講義新人教版必修2

PAGE1-SectionⅡLearningaboutLanguageⅠ.單詞拼法依據(jù)漢語(yǔ)或首字母提示，寫出下列單詞1．Ireallylikeherteachingstyle(風(fēng)格)．2．Thenewplanworth(值得的)discussingwasverypractical.3．Thejobgaveherachancetogetvaluable(珍貴的)experience.4．Hefeltluckyenoughtohavesurvived(幸存)theaccident.5．Theseanimalsareveryrare(稀有的)，andareprotectedbylaw.6．Therewasachoiceoffourprizes，andthewinnercouldselectoneofthem.7．Boththeblueandyellowdressesarepretty，butIprefertheformer．8．Wewenttotherestauranttohavelunch，onlytofindthatitwasbeingdecorated．9．Thebook，whichisdesignedforchildrenunder5yearsold，mustbesimpleandcolourful.10．Thepianotookuptoomuchspace，soIremoveditfromtheroom.Ⅱ.拓展詞匯依據(jù)詞性和漢語(yǔ)提示，寫出下列單詞1．woodn.木頭；木材→woodenadj.木制的2．culturen.文化；文明→culturaladj.文化的3．selectvt.選擇；選擇→selectionn．選擇；選擇4．a(chǎn)mazevt.使驚訝；驚異→amazingadj.令人驚訝的→amazedadj.驚訝的；感到驚異的5.valuen．價(jià)值vt.估價(jià)；重視→valuelessadj.無(wú)價(jià)值的；不值錢的→valuableadj.珍貴的；有價(jià)值的eq\a\vs4\al([尋規(guī)律、巧記憶](méi))v.＋-ing→adj.n.＋-en→adj.exciting令人激烈的surprising令人驚異的worrying令人擔(dān)憂的leaden鉛灰色的woolen羊毛制的golden金質(zhì)的，似金的Ⅲ.補(bǔ)全短語(yǔ)依據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全下列短語(yǔ)1．insearchof 找尋2．belongto 屬于3．inreturn 作為報(bào)答；回報(bào)4．a(chǎn)twar 處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)5．lessthan 少于6．bedesignedfor 為……而設(shè)計(jì)的7．serveas 充當(dāng)；擔(dān)當(dāng)8．a(chǎn)dd...to... 把……加到……上Ⅳ.選詞填空選用上述短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Lionsandtigersbelongtothecatfamily.2.AsfarasIknow，thisvaseisworthlessthan40dollars.3．Thelargebottleonceisdesignedforaflowervaseforalongtimeinhisroom.4．Birdsflysouthinsearchofwintersun.eq\a\vs4\al([尋規(guī)律、巧記憶](méi))in＋n.＋of→介詞短語(yǔ)v.＋to→動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)inmemoryof紀(jì)念infrontof在……前面inneedof須要listento聽(tīng)referto參閱，談及turnto求助于；轉(zhuǎn)向1．FrederickWilliamⅠ，theKingofPrussia，couldneverhaveimaginedthathisgreatestgifttotheRussianpeoplewouldhavesuchanamazinghistory.普魯士國(guó)王威廉一世絕不行能想到他送給俄羅斯人民的厚禮會(huì)有這樣一段令人驚異的歷史。[記句式結(jié)構(gòu)]couldn'thavedone表示“過(guò)去不行能做過(guò)，確定沒(méi)有做過(guò)”[仿寫促落實(shí)]Hecouldn'thaveattendedthemeetingyesterday，forhewenttoBeijingthedaybeforeyesterday.昨天他不行能參與會(huì)議的，因?yàn)樗疤烊ケ本┝恕?．Later，CatherineⅡhadtheAmberRoommovedtoapalaceoutsideStPetersburgwhereshespenthersummers.后來(lái)，葉卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宮殿中。[記句式結(jié)構(gòu)]havesth.done結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“使某事被做”[仿寫促落實(shí)]Imusthavemyhomeworkdone/finishedbeforegoingtobed.睡覺(jué)前我必需做完作業(yè)。3．In1770theroomwascompletedthewayshewanted.1770年，這間琥珀屋依據(jù)她的要求完成了。[記句式結(jié)構(gòu)]theway后省略了that或inwhich的定語(yǔ)從句[仿寫促落實(shí)]Idislikethewayyoutreatyourparents．我不喜愛(ài)你對(duì)待你父母的方式。4．ThereisnodoubtthattheboxeswerethenputonatrainforK?nigsberg...毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，這些箱子后來(lái)被裝上火車運(yùn)往哥尼斯堡……[記句式結(jié)構(gòu)]Thereisnodoubtthat...意為“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)……”[仿寫促落實(shí)]Thereisnodoubtthatmoreandmorepeopleprefershoppingonlinenowadays.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越多的人喜愛(ài)網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物。5．Afterthat，whathappenedtotheAmberRoomremainsamystery.從那以后，琥珀屋的去處便成了一個(gè)謎。[記句式結(jié)構(gòu)]what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)[仿寫促落實(shí)]Shesaidwhatmadeherangrywasyourattitude.她說(shuō)使她生氣的是你的看法。survivevi.幸免；幸存；生還vt.幸免于；比……活得長(zhǎng)(教材P1)Isitenoughtohavesurvivedforalongtime？只幸存了很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間就足夠了嗎？(1)survivesth. 在……之后仍舊生存survivesb.(by...) 比某人活得長(zhǎng)……surviveon 靠……存活下來(lái)(2)survivaln. 生存；幸存survivorn. 生還者；生還者①Asamatteroffact，shesurvivedherhusbandbyfiveyears.事實(shí)上，她比她丈夫多活了5年。②Thetravelercaughtinthelonelyislandsurvivedonthefishcaughtinthesea.被困在孤島上的那位旅客靠在海里捕到的魚生存了下來(lái)。③Ofthesixpeopleinjuredintheterribleaccident，onlytwosurvived.在這次可怕的事故中受傷的六人中，只有兩人活了下來(lái)。[語(yǔ)境助記](méi)Afterhesurvivedtheearthquake，theoldmanbecameoneofthefewsurvivorsofthefamilyandhissurvivalmadehisoldfriendsveryhappy.這位老人在地震中幸存下來(lái)之后，他成了這個(gè)家庭中少數(shù)生還者之一，他的幸存使他的老摯友們很興奮。[名師點(diǎn)津]survive作“幸存；幸免于”解時(shí)為及物動(dòng)詞，其后干脆接賓語(yǔ)，不用介詞in或from。insearchof找尋(教材P1)INSEARCHOFTHEAMBERROOM找尋琥珀屋(1)inone's/thesearchfor找尋……(2)searchsb./sth.搜身/搜查某人/某物searchforsb./sth.＝makeasearchforsb./sth.找尋某人/某物search...forsb./sth.為了找某人/某物而搜查……①Theydidn'thaveanysleepforforty-eighthoursintheirsearchforthesurvivors.在搜尋生還者的過(guò)程中，他們整整四十八小時(shí)沒(méi)有睡覺(jué)。②Therescueworkerswereworkinghardinsearchofthosesurvivors.＝Therescueworkerswereworkinghardtosearchforthosesurvivors.救援工作者們正努力工作找尋那些生還者。[語(yǔ)境助記](méi)Hesearchedthedrawerinsearchofhisfriend'stelephonenumberwhilehisfriendwassearchingforhisaddress，too.他搜查抽屜找尋他摯友的電話號(hào)碼，而他的摯友也正在找尋他的住址。[名師點(diǎn)津]insearchof后接找尋的對(duì)象或目標(biāo)，其中search前不加限定詞。searchfor表示搜查某一對(duì)象的目的是要找什么。search...for...指“為找尋……而搜查……”。amazingadj.令人驚訝的(教材P1)FrederickWilliamⅠ，theKingofPrussia，couldneverhaveimaginedthathisgreatestgifttotheRussianpeoplewouldhavesuchanamazinghistory.普魯士國(guó)王威廉一世絕不行能想到他送給俄羅斯人民的厚禮會(huì)有這樣一段令人驚異的歷史。(1)amazevt. 使驚訝；驚異(2)amazedadj. 驚異的；驚異的beamazedat/bysth. 對(duì)……感到驚異beamazedtodosth. 因做某事而感到驚異(3)amazementn. 驚異，驚訝；驚異inamazement 驚異地toone'samazement 令某人驚異的是①It'sanamazingexperienceforthestudentstolistentothelecturegivenbythefamousscientist.對(duì)那些學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，聽(tīng)這位聞名科學(xué)家的演講真是一次令人驚異的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。②Iamamazedtosee(see)hergreatprogressinstudies.看到她學(xué)習(xí)上取得很大進(jìn)步，我大為驚異。③Tomyamazement(amaze)，Ifoundseveralbabiesswimminginapoolwiththehelpoftheirmothers.使我驚訝的是，我發(fā)覺(jué)有幾個(gè)嬰兒在他們媽媽的幫助下在泳池里游泳。[名師點(diǎn)津](1)以-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞常表示主動(dòng)關(guān)系或特性，一般用來(lái)說(shuō)明事或物，意為“令人……的”。(2)以-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞常用來(lái)修飾人，表示人的心理狀態(tài)，意為“感到……的”。有時(shí)也可修飾表情和聲音。[語(yǔ)境助記](méi)Tohisamazement，wewerenotamazedat/byhisamazingachievements.讓他感到驚訝的是，他的令人驚訝的成就并沒(méi)有使得我們大為驚訝。selectvt.選擇；選擇(教材P1)Theamberwhichwasselectedhadabeautifulyellow-browncolourlikehoney.選出來(lái)的琥珀色調(diào)明麗，呈現(xiàn)蜂蜜一樣的黃褐色。select...as/tobe... 選擇……作為……selectsb.todosth. 選擇某人做某事selectsth.forsb. 為某人選擇某物selectfrom... 從……中選擇①Weselectedhimas/tobeourmonitorbecausehewasveryresponsible.我們選他當(dāng)我們的班長(zhǎng)，因?yàn)樗茇?fù)責(zé)任。②Simonhasbeenselectedtomakeaspeechattheopeningceremony.西蒙被推選出在開(kāi)幕式上致辭。③Afteralongwalk，weselectedagoodplaceforourcamp.走了很長(zhǎng)的路后，我們選了一個(gè)露營(yíng)的好地方。④Daffwasselectedfromthewholeclasstogo(go)onthetrip.達(dá)夫被從全班同學(xué)中選出來(lái)去參與這次旅行。designn.設(shè)計(jì)；圖案；構(gòu)思vt.設(shè)計(jì)；安排；構(gòu)思(教材P1)Thedesignoftheroomwasinthefancystylepopularinthosedays.琥珀屋的設(shè)計(jì)采納了當(dāng)時(shí)流行的新穎的建筑式樣。(1)bydesign＝onpurpose 有意地，蓄意地(2)bedesignedtodosth. 目的是做某事；被設(shè)計(jì)用于做某事bedesignedfor 準(zhǔn)備作……用；為……而設(shè)計(jì)(3)designern. 設(shè)計(jì)者；謀劃者①Wemustmakeitclearwhetherithappenedbyaccidentorbydesign.我們確定要搞清晰這件事究竟是碰巧發(fā)生的還是有人有意為之。②AsfarasIknow，thecourseisdesignedforbeginners.據(jù)我所知，這門課程是為初學(xué)者設(shè)計(jì)的。③Theprogrammeisdesignedtohelp(help)theorphans.這項(xiàng)安排的目的是為孤兒供應(yīng)幫助。decoratevt.裝飾，裝修(教材P1)Itwasalsoatreasuredecoratedwithgoldandjewels，whichtookthecountry'sbestartistsabouttenyearstomake.它也是一件用金銀珠寶裝飾起來(lái)的珍品，一批國(guó)家最優(yōu)秀的藝術(shù)家用了大約十年的時(shí)間才將其完成。(1)decorate...with... 用……裝飾……(2)decorationn. 裝飾；裝飾物①Thegirldecoratedherroomwithpicturesofherfavouritestars.那個(gè)女孩用自己最喜愛(ài)的明星的照片裝飾了房間。②DuringNationalDay，allthestreetsweredecorated(decorate)withcolourfulflags，flowersandballoons.國(guó)慶節(jié)期間，全部的街道都裝飾著彩旗、鮮花和氣球。③Sheputsomedecorations(decorate)ontheChristmastree.她在圣誕樹(shù)上放了一些裝飾品。belongvi.屬于；為……的一員(教材P1)However，thenextKingofPrussia，F(xiàn)rederickWilliamⅠ，towhomtheamberroombelonged，decidednottokeepit.然而，下一位普魯士國(guó)王，腓特烈·威廉一世，這個(gè)琥珀屋的主子卻確定不要它了。(1)belongto 屬于，是……的一員(2)belongingsn. 財(cái)產(chǎn)；全部物；親戚①Don'ttakethingsthatdon'tbelongtoyou.不要拿不屬于你的東西。②Chinaisadevelopingcountrybelongingtothethirdworld.中國(guó)是個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家，屬于第三世界。③Havingsoldmostofhisbelongings(belong)，healmosthadnothingleftinthehouse.他已經(jīng)賣掉了大部分財(cái)產(chǎn)，房子里幾乎什么都沒(méi)有留下。[名師點(diǎn)津]belongto用法兩留意belongto中的to是介詞，該短語(yǔ)既不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，也不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)；作后置定語(yǔ)時(shí)，形式為“...belongingto”。inreturn作為報(bào)答；回報(bào)(教材P2)Inreturn，theCzarsenthimatroopofhisbestsoldiers.作為回贈(zèng)，沙皇則送給他一隊(duì)自己最好的士兵。inreturnfor 作為對(duì)……的報(bào)答inturn 依次地；輪番地；反過(guò)來(lái)；轉(zhuǎn)而①Theoryisbasedonpracticeandinturnservespractice.理論的基礎(chǔ)是實(shí)踐，反過(guò)來(lái)又為實(shí)踐服務(wù)。②Inreturn，shereceivedasenseofsatisfactionandachievement.作為回報(bào)，她收獲了滿意和成就感。③Hedidn'texpectanythinginreturnforhishelp.他幫助人并不期盼任何回報(bào)。removevt.移動(dòng)；搬開(kāi)(教材P2)BeforetheNaziscouldgettothesummerpalace，theRussianswereabletoremovesomefurnitureandsmallartobjectsfromtheAmberRoom.在納粹分子到達(dá)夏宮之前，俄羅斯人只能把琥珀屋里的一些家具和小件藝術(shù)品搬走。removefrom... 從……上搬開(kāi)remove...from... 從……上除去/移走/去掉……removeinto... 搬入……removesth.to... 把某物搬到……removeone'sdoubt/trouble 消退某人的疑慮/苦惱①Afterthecustomerlefttherestaurant，thewaitressremovedthedishesfromthetable.在顧客離開(kāi)餐館后，女服務(wù)員拿走了桌子上的餐具。②They'regoingtoremoveintoanewbuilding.他們準(zhǔn)備搬進(jìn)一座新樓。③Themanwasremoved(remove)fromthepostbecausehebroketherulesandregulationsofthecompanyonpurpose.這個(gè)人由于有意違反公司的規(guī)章制度而被開(kāi)除了。worthadj.[古]值錢的n．價(jià)值；作用prep.值得的；相當(dāng)于……的價(jià)值(教材P2)IsitworthrebuildinglostculturalrelicssuchastheAmberRoomorYuanmingyuaninBeijing？重建如琥珀屋或者是北京圓明園這樣的文化遺跡值得嗎？sth.beworthdoing 值得做某事beworth＋money 值……錢beworthit ……是值得的①Thejewelisworthaboutsixthousanddollars.這件珠寶價(jià)值大約6000美元。②Thenewcarcostmealargesumofmoney，butitisworthit.這輛新車花了我一大筆錢，但卻物有所值。③TheGreatWallisworthvisiting.＝TheGreatWallisworthavisit.＝Itisworthvisiting(visit)theGreatWall.長(zhǎng)城值得參觀。[名師點(diǎn)津]beworthdoing是用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義；表示“很/特別”值得做要用well而不能用very修飾。(教材P1)FrederickWilliamⅠ，theKingofPrussia，couldneverhaveimaginedthathisgreatestgifttotheRussianpeoplewouldhavesuchanamazinghistory.普魯士國(guó)王威廉一世絕不行能想到他送給俄羅斯人民的厚禮會(huì)有這樣一段令人驚異的歷史?！疽c(diǎn)提煉】本句中couldneverhaveimagined意為“不行能想到”。英語(yǔ)中couldhavedone意為“本可以……；原來(lái)能夠……”，表示某事過(guò)去有可能發(fā)生，但事實(shí)上并沒(méi)有發(fā)生。couldn'thavedone表示“過(guò)去不行能做過(guò)，確定沒(méi)有做過(guò)”。(1)musthavedone表示對(duì)過(guò)去狀況確定性的推想，“過(guò)去確定做過(guò)某事”。(2)should/oughttohavedone表示“過(guò)去本應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事”，而事實(shí)上沒(méi)有做。(3)shouldn't/oughtn'ttohavedone表示“過(guò)去本不應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事”，而事實(shí)上做了。(4)needn'thavedone表示“過(guò)去本不必做某事”，但事實(shí)上已做過(guò)了。①HeknewlittleaboutJapanese，sohecouldn'thavelearnedit.他對(duì)日語(yǔ)一竅不通，因此他不行能學(xué)過(guò)。②Youneedn'thavetakenataxihere，foritwasveryneartomyhouse.你本不必打車來(lái)這里的，因?yàn)槟抢镫x我家很近。③Youcouldhavedone(do)better，butyoudidn'ttryyourbest.你本可以做得更好，但是你沒(méi)有盡力。(教材P2)Later，CatherineⅡhadtheAmberRoommovedtoapalaceoutsideStPetersburgwhereshespenthersummers.后來(lái)，葉卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宮殿中?！疽c(diǎn)提煉】hadtheAmberRoommoved是“have＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，theAmberRoom與動(dòng)詞move之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。have/getsth.done可以表示：使某事被做(主語(yǔ)有意識(shí)的行為，可能是主語(yǔ)自己做，也可能是讓別人做)；遭受/經(jīng)驗(yàn)(此事違反主語(yǔ)的意愿)。若賓語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系則用：(1)havesb.dosth.(do強(qiáng)調(diào)做某事這一事實(shí))(2)havesb./sth.doing(doing強(qiáng)調(diào)持續(xù)進(jìn)行某一動(dòng)作)①There'ssomethingwrongwithmycomputer，soIhavetohave/getitrepaired.我的電腦出了問(wèn)題，所以我得讓人修理一下。②Hewasveryfunnyandhaduslaughing(laugh)alltheway.他特別滑稽，一路上逗得我們笑個(gè)不停。③Unfortunately，hehadhisrightleginjured(injure)duringthetraining.不幸的是，他在訓(xùn)練中把右腿弄傷了。④Thebosshadmeset(set)downwhatpeoplepresentatthemeetingsaid.老板讓我記錄下出席會(huì)議的人員所說(shuō)的話。[名師點(diǎn)津]havesth.done相當(dāng)于make/getsth.done；不管“havesth.done”結(jié)構(gòu)表示何種意義，sth.與done之間都存在著邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。(教材P2)ThereisnodoubtthattheboxeswerethenputonatrainforK?nigsberg，whichwasatthattimeaGermancityontheBalticSea.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，這些箱子后來(lái)被裝上火車運(yùn)往哥尼斯堡，當(dāng)時(shí)德國(guó)在波羅的海邊的一個(gè)城市。【要點(diǎn)提煉】“Thereisnodoubtthat...”是常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)……”，其中doubt是名詞，其后的that從句是doubt的同位語(yǔ)從句，對(duì)doubt起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用。(1)doubt用作名詞時(shí)，在確定句中其后用whether引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，否定句或疑問(wèn)句中則用that引導(dǎo)。(2)doubt用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，在確定句中其后多用whether或if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，否定句或疑問(wèn)句中則用that引導(dǎo)。①Thereisnodoubtthattheywillagreewithyouonthismatter.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，他們?cè)谶@件事上會(huì)同意你的。②Thereissomedoubtwhetherhecanwinthefirstprize.他是否能贏得一等獎(jiǎng)還有些疑問(wèn)。③Idoubtwhether/ifhewillcontinuetoworkhere.我懷疑他是否會(huì)接著在這里工作。④Idon'tdoubtthathewillwinthecompetition.我信任他會(huì)贏得這場(chǎng)競(jìng)賽。1．(教材P1)FrederickWilliamⅠ，theKingofPrussia，couldneverhaveimaginedthathisgreatestgifttotheRussianpeoplewouldhavesuchanamazinghistory.【分析】主句的主語(yǔ)是FrederickWilliamⅠ，其后的theKingofPrussia是主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)的是賓語(yǔ)從句。【翻譯】普魯士國(guó)王威廉一世絕不行能想到他送給俄羅斯人民的厚禮會(huì)有這樣一段令人驚異的歷史。2．(教材P1)ThisgiftwastheAmberRoom，whichwasgiventhisnamebecauseseveraltonsofamberwereusedtomakeit.【分析】句中which引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞theAmberRoom；because引導(dǎo)的是緣由狀語(yǔ)從句?！痉g】這件禮物就是琥珀屋，它之所以有這個(gè)名字，是因?yàn)榻⑺昧撕脦讎嵉溺辍?．(教材P1)Itwasalsoatreasuredecoratedwithgoldandjewels，whichtookthecountry'sbestartistsabouttenyearstomake.【分析】句中which引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是atreasure，引導(dǎo)詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。decoratedwithgoldandjewe