年人教版九年級(jí)中考英語(yǔ)小知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納課件

名詞（人）人①--or:

visit---visitor

act---actorcreat---creatorcompete---competitorinvent---inventordoctor

②--er\r:manage---managerperform---performer

sing---singer

teach---teacher

dance---dancer

write---writer

play---player

report---reporter

help---helper

run---runner

win---winner

drive--driver

research---researcher(研究員)work---workerstrangerlaw---lawerown---ownerengine---engineerfarm---farmertraderpainterdesigner(設(shè)計(jì)者）cleanerswimmer

villagerleaderteenagerinterviewer-intervieweekeeper

③--ist:

pianist

violinist

scientistartistnovelist(小說(shuō)家)dentist

④--an\ian:AustralianCanadianRussianIndianAmericanGerman

(+s)

AsianAfricanhumanEuropeanmusicianmagician

⑤--ress:actresswaitress

⑥常見(jiàn)的其他職業(yè)：pilot飛行員businessmanpoliceman\policewoman

postmannursefirefighter(消防員)computerprogrammerguide(導(dǎo)游)astronautathlete(運(yùn)動(dòng)員)director(導(dǎo)演）cookcoachsailor(水手)translator(翻譯員)clerk(店員)fisherman(漁夫)形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換--副詞（規(guī)則）(常見(jiàn)詞匯)①直接+ly:

quick---quicklysad---sadlyquiet---quietlyrecent---recentlyregular--regularlygeneral---generally

polite-politelywide-widelywise-wiselynice-nicely

safe→safelybrave→bravelysure→surelyusual---usuallyimmediate---immediatelycareful---carefullymain---mainlysudden---suddenlysuccessfullyshy---shylyreal---reallylone---lonelyhigh---highlyexact---exactlyfortunate---fortunatelyspecial---speciallyespecial---especiallypatient---patientlypersonal---personallystrong---stronglycomplete---completely②以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾--變y為i+ly:happy---happilyheavy---heavilyangry---angrilybusy---busilyeasy--easilylucky--luckily③以le(able\ible)結(jié)尾--去e+y:

simple---simplycomfortable---comfortablyterrible---terriblygentle---gentlyreasonable---reasonablypossible---possiblyprobable---probablyresponsible---responsibly④true--truly

形容詞副詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí)變化規(guī)則：

①一般情況下，直接加

er/est如long-longer-longest

②以e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)形容詞，加r/st如fine-finer-finest

③以輔音加y結(jié)尾的形容詞，改y為i加er/est如esay-easier-easiest

④重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫最后的輔音字母，加er/est如big-bigger-biggest

⑤多音節(jié)的形容詞，在前面加more/most如moreexpensive

⑥不規(guī)則變化肯定：as

原級(jí)

as

與…一樣…

否定：not

as/so

原級(jí)

as

不如…一樣…

A+V.+比較級(jí)+than+B

A比B更…

比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)

/more

and

more+原級(jí)

越來(lái)越...the+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí)

越...，就越...

Which/Who/whose…+V+比較級(jí),AorB?A與B比,哪個(gè)更怎么樣？

否定：less

原級(jí)

than沒(méi)那么

原級(jí)比較級(jí)the+比較級(jí)+ofthetwo兩個(gè)里面較...的那個(gè)比較級(jí)+than+anyother+n單數(shù)比較級(jí)+than+theother+n復(fù)數(shù)倍數(shù)+比較級(jí)+than....修飾比較級(jí)：much\even\alittle\abit\alot\(by)far+比較級(jí)

形容詞副詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí)用法…得多…一點(diǎn)兒甚至仍然muchalotfaralittleabitevenstillmuchbetter

好得多alottaller高得多far

bigger

大得多alittleshorter

短/矮一點(diǎn)兒a

bit

longer

長(zhǎng)一點(diǎn)兒even

smarter

甚至更聰明still

more

beautiful

仍然更漂亮

形容詞副詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí)用法1.the+最高級(jí)+in/of/among最高級(jí)2.oneofthe+adj.最高級(jí)+n復(fù)數(shù)3.the+序數(shù)詞+最高級(jí)+單數(shù)名詞+in短語(yǔ)

4.Which\who+最高級(jí)，A,BorC?“在……中是第幾個(gè)……”“最……的……之一”5.比較級(jí)表最高級(jí)的意義6.Thisisthe+最高級(jí)+名詞（that)Ihaveeverseen...②比+than+theother+n復(fù)數(shù)①比+than+anyother+n單數(shù)③否定詞+比較級(jí)+than+n

形容詞副詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí)用法comeacrosscomeupwithgetintogetthroughgetoutofgiveawaygiveoutlookthroughlookbackatlookupcomealonglookupto(偶然）遇見(jiàn)（或發(fā)現(xiàn)）提出，想出陷入，參與穿過(guò)，接通（電話）逃跑，擺脫贈(zèng)送分發(fā)=handout瀏覽回首（往事），回顧抬頭看，查閱出現(xiàn)，到來(lái)尊敬，仰慕P101putawayputoutputoff(doing)putupput...intogoodusetakeofftakeoutturndownturntoturnupturnonturnintohearaboutP102把...收好；攢錢撲滅，熄滅推遲好好利用舉起，張貼，搭建脫下，起飛，離開拿出取出調(diào)低（音量）；拒絕轉(zhuǎn)向；求助于調(diào)高（音量）；出現(xiàn)（showup）打開；接通（水電煤氣等）（使）變成聽說(shuō)thinkaboutthinkoflaughatworkatcallab.atblowawaypassawaytakeawaykeepawayfromheadbackpaybackbreakdowncutdowndiedownP103思考，考慮想起；認(rèn)為；思考嘲笑從事，研究打電話給某人吹走，驅(qū)散去世；消失帶走，拿走遠(yuǎn)離返回；折回償還（借款等）損壞；分解；拋錨；停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)砍倒；削減逐漸變?nèi)?；逐漸消失falldownpulldowncutoffgetoffgooffshowoffsetoffseesb.offkeepoffshutoffsendoffpayoffP103突然倒下；倒塌；摔倒拆下，摧毀；推倒切除；剪掉；切斷（水源、電源等）下車，下班（鬧鐘）發(fā)出響聲；離開炫耀出發(fā)，動(dòng)身為某人送行讓開；不接近關(guān)閉；停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)出，寄出償清（欠款等）；成功calloncarryonfightongetonholdonputonpassonbreakoutbringoutcomeouthelpoutleaveoutrunoutturnoutP104號(hào)召；拜訪繼續(xù)繼續(xù)戰(zhàn)斗上車；進(jìn)展；應(yīng)付等一等（別掛電話）；堅(jiān)持穿上；上演；增加體重，發(fā)胖傳遞（信息）；將...傳給（戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)等）突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)使顯現(xiàn)，使表現(xiàn)出開花；出現(xiàn)，顯露；出版幫助分擔(dān)工作，解決難題忽略；不提及；不包括用完，耗盡結(jié)果是，證明是comeovergetoverlookoversetuptakeupbringupenduppickupshowupcomparewithdealwithsharewithcatchupwithhurryupP105過(guò)來(lái)；順便拜訪克服；恢復(fù)；原諒檢查建立；設(shè)立；開辦學(xué)著做，開始做；占據(jù)（時(shí)間、空間）提出，養(yǎng)育，培養(yǎng)最終成為，最終處于采摘；撿起；搭載；接電話；獲得（偶然間學(xué)會(huì)）炫耀與...作比較解決，處理和...分享趕上，超過(guò)趕快，急忙come短語(yǔ)comeoutcomeupwithcomefromcometruecomeoncomeovercomeintocomeupcomeacrosscomeback出版；出來(lái)；出現(xiàn)；開花想出來(lái)自實(shí)現(xiàn)；成為現(xiàn)實(shí)加油；快點(diǎn)過(guò)來(lái)進(jìn)來(lái)、進(jìn)入走進(jìn)，上升偶然遇見(jiàn)或發(fā)現(xiàn)回來(lái)；回想起來(lái)get短語(yǔ)geton/alongwithgeton/getoffgetmyearpiecedgetovergettogetinthewayofgetintogetoutgetoutofgetupgetthroughgetreadyfor

相處好上車、下車扎耳洞克服=overcome到達(dá)妨礙陷入，參與離開，出去離開，逃跑起床穿過(guò)；接通為…..做準(zhǔn)備give\go短語(yǔ)giveup(doing)sth.giveawaygiveoutgivesb.ahandgivebackgiveingiveoffgoovergothroughgooutgooutofone’sway放棄（做）某事捐贈(zèng)分發(fā)=handout幫某人還給；歸還屈服；認(rèn)輸；投降發(fā)出；放出（光、熱等）復(fù)習(xí)，仔細(xì)檢查通過(guò)；經(jīng)歷出去；熄滅格外努力地look短語(yǔ)lookatlookuplookuptosb.lookdownon/uponsb.lookafterlookforlookforwardtodoinglookthroughlookoutlookoverlookintolookbackatlooklike看查閱；往上看仰慕輕視，瞧不起照顧尋找期待做某事瀏覽小心；往外看檢查調(diào)查回首往事；回憶看起來(lái)像take短語(yǔ)takecareoftakeuptakeofftakepartintakeawaytake…toIttakessb.時(shí)間todosth.takedowntakeplacetakeone’splacetakeaftertakeintakecaretakeovertaketurnstakeouttakeactiontake...back照顧開始做，學(xué)著做；占用（時(shí)間，空間）脫下；起飛參加帶走，拿走帶到……

花某人時(shí)間做某事記下；拆除發(fā)生代替長(zhǎng)得像吸收；領(lǐng)會(huì)；欺騙當(dāng)心接管輪流拿出；取出采取行動(dòng)帶回turn短語(yǔ)turn

downturnupturnonturnoffturntoturnintoturnoutturnoverturnaroundturninturnback拒絕音量調(diào)低；調(diào)高；出現(xiàn)打開關(guān)閉=shutoff轉(zhuǎn)向；求助于變成結(jié)果翻轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)身上交回頭，原路返回about短語(yǔ)argueaboutcareabouthearaboutdreamaboutknow\learnaboutspeakabouttalkaboutthinkaboutworryaboutbringabout爭(zhēng)論關(guān)心；在意聽說(shuō)夢(mèng)想

，夢(mèng)到了解提及，說(shuō)到談?wù)撍伎迹紤]擔(dān)心，煩惱帶來(lái)，導(dǎo)致，引起at短語(yǔ)aimatarriveatlaughatpointatshoutatsmileatknockatthrowatworkatcallsb.atlookbackat瞄準(zhǔn)，旨在到達(dá)（小地方）嘲笑指向?qū)?..大喊；斥責(zé)沖...笑敲投向，扔向從事，研究打電話給某人回首，回顧away短語(yǔ)blowawayflyawaygetawaymoveawaystayawayrunawaythrowawaytakeawaygoawaypassawaywalkawaykeepawayfrom吹走，驅(qū)散飛散離開，脫身搬走不在家，外出跑開，逃跑，失控扔掉，拋棄帶走，拿走走開去世，消失走開，離去遠(yuǎn)離back短語(yǔ)bringbackcall(sb.)backgobackheadbackpaybackthinkbacklookbackatgivebacktalkback帶回，恢復(fù)，使想起，歸還給（某人）打電話回去返回，折返償還（借款等）回憶，想起回首，回顧歸還回嘴，頂嘴down短語(yǔ)breakdownbringdowncalmdownclosedowncutdowndiedownfalldownliedowngodownpulldownslowdownletdownwritedownthrowdown損壞，分解，拋錨，停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，出故障打垮，擊敗，減少平靜，鎮(zhèn)靜下來(lái)停業(yè)，停產(chǎn)砍倒，削減逐漸減弱，逐漸消失突然daoxia；倒塌；摔倒躺下往下走拆下，摧毀；推到減速使失望寫下，記錄下推翻，扔掉off短語(yǔ)breakoffcutofffalloffgetoffgooffjumpoffpayoffsendoffshowoffkicksb.offcleanoffkeepoffsetoffshutoffseesb.offrunoff中止，弄斷切除；剪掉；切斷（水源、電源等）跌落；從...掉下來(lái)下車，下班（鬧鐘）發(fā)出響聲；離開從...跳下來(lái)償清（欠款等）；成功發(fā)出，寄出炫耀開除某人把...擦掉讓開；不接近出發(fā)，動(dòng)身關(guān)閉，停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)為某人送行逃跑on短語(yǔ)calloncheerondependonfallongoongetonholdonkeeponlandonlive\feedonputonpassontakeonworkontryoncarryondecideonfightonknockon號(hào)召；拜訪為...加油取決于；依靠，依賴落到繼續(xù)上車；進(jìn)展；應(yīng)付；對(duì)付等一等（別掛電話）；堅(jiān)持繼續(xù)（前行）降落于以...為食；靠...過(guò)活穿上；上演；增加體重，長(zhǎng)胖傳遞（信息）；將...傳給承擔(dān)；從事從事于...繼續(xù)工作;對(duì)...起作用試穿繼續(xù)就...作出決定繼續(xù)戰(zhàn)斗敲out短語(yǔ)blowoutbreakoutbringoutcarryoutclearoutcomeoutcutoutcalloutgoouthangouteatouthelpoutlayoutleaveout吹滅（戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，火災(zāi)等）突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)使顯現(xiàn)，使表現(xiàn)出執(zhí)行，開展，貫徹清理，丟掉開花；出現(xiàn)；出版刪除；刪去喊叫；請(qǐng)求...出動(dòng)外出閑逛；常去某處出去吃幫助分擔(dān)工作，解決難題擺開；布置忽略；不提及；不包括lookoutpointoutstayoutsendouttryoutworkoutlookoutofcheckoutdieoutfindouthandoutpickoutrunoutselloutsetoutturnout小心，當(dāng)心指出待在外面發(fā)送試驗(yàn)；選拔算出，解決；設(shè)計(jì)出，作出由...往外看察看；觀察；退房滅絕；消失查明，弄清楚分發(fā)選出，辨認(rèn)出用完，耗盡售完，賣光出發(fā)，開始結(jié)果是，證明是over短語(yǔ)comeoverfallovergetovergooverhangoverlookoverthinkover過(guò)來(lái)，順便拜訪絆倒克服；恢復(fù)；原諒仔細(xì)檢查；復(fù)習(xí)，重溫懸掛檢查仔細(xì)考慮up短語(yǔ)up的短語(yǔ)(1)thinkupcutupuseupbringupmixupcheerupshutuphurryupstayupgrowupendup翻譯(1)想出切碎用盡養(yǎng)育成人混合使高興，振奮閉嘴快點(diǎn)熬夜長(zhǎng)大結(jié)束up的短語(yǔ)（2）giveup

setupbuildupdressupputuppickupbreakupturnupshowuptakeupwakeupcatch/keepupwith翻譯（2）放棄建立建立打扮穿著舉起、張貼、搭建，撿起、采摘、接某人、接收信號(hào)、學(xué)會(huì)分手、關(guān)系破裂調(diào)高，出現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)、露面開始學(xué)著做、占據(jù)、培養(yǎng)醒來(lái)追趕上with短語(yǔ)agreewithbegin\startwithcommunicatewithcomparewithconnectwithendwithpartwithlivewithplaywithsharewithworkwithgetalongwithfallinlovewithdealwithhelpwithtalkwithcatchupwith同意\不同意以...開始與...交流與...作比較與...相連以...結(jié)束與...分開；舍棄（尤指舍不得的東西）與...住在一起和...玩和...分享與...工作和睦相處；關(guān)系良好喜歡上；和...相愛(ài)解決，處理幫助...與...談?wù)撢s上‘超過(guò)與for搭配bebadforbegoodforbeknown\famousforbelateforbereadyforberesponsibleforbesorryforbesuitableforbethankfulforbethirstyfor對(duì)...有害對(duì)...有好處因...而著名遲到為...做好準(zhǔn)備對(duì)...負(fù)責(zé)對(duì)...感到抱歉適合因...而感激渴望，渴求與of搭配beafraidofbecarefulofbefullofbeproudofbeshortofbetiredofbefondofbesureof害怕...注意，小心充滿為...感到自豪缺少對(duì)...感到厭倦喜歡對(duì)...有把握與to搭配bethankfultosbbeabletodobesupposedtodobefriendlytobeharmfultobegladtodobekind\nice\goodtobepolitetobereadytodobesimilartobewillingtodo感謝某人有能力做某事應(yīng)該做某事高興做某事對(duì)...有害高興做某事對(duì)...友好對(duì)...禮貌準(zhǔn)備好做某事與...相似樂(lè)意做某事與from\in\with搭配beabsentfrombedifferentfrombefarfrombeinterestedinberichinbeweakinbesuccessfulinbeskilledinbeangrywithbebornwithbebusywithbegoodwithbepatientwithbepleasedwithbepopularwithbestrictwithbesatisfiedwith缺席與...不同遠(yuǎn)離...對(duì)...感興趣富含...的；盛產(chǎn)在...方面薄弱在...方面成功精于生...的氣與生俱來(lái)忙于善于應(yīng)付...的；對(duì)...有辦法對(duì)...有耐心對(duì)...滿意受到...的歡迎對(duì)...要求嚴(yán)格對(duì)...感到滿意beabsent.beproud.bethankful

mymotherfor

(bring)meupbeworried.bestrict

hisson

hiswrting.bepatient

his

(patient)becrazy

Englishbedifferent

others

appearancebefull

energybebusy

homeworkbebusy

(do)homeworkfromof(takepridein)tobringingaboutwithinwithpatientsaboutfrominofwithdoingP130變y為i+es的名詞復(fù)數(shù)變y為i加es的名詞復(fù)數(shù)city--citiesdictionary--dictionariesfactory--factories

body--bodiescountry--countries

story--storiesfamily--familieslibrary--librarieslady--ladies

activity--activitiesbaby--babiesparty--partieshobby--hobbiesbutterfly--buterfliesfly--fliessandwich--sandwichesparty--partiessky--skiesstrawberry---strawberriesenemy--enemiescandy--candiesdiary--diariesworry--worriescopy--copies名詞復(fù)數(shù)+es:busesboxesfoxesdishesmatcheswatchesclassestomatoespotatoesheroesbrusheswishesbeachescoachesbranches(分支)名詞以y結(jié)尾+s:boystoyswaysmonkeysdonkeyskeysdaysholidays動(dòng)詞ing\ed等變法動(dòng)詞ing：雙寫末尾字母+ing:cuttingputtingrunningswimmingwinningplanningregrettingbeginninghittinglettingsettingshuttingstoppingpreferringshoppingdroppinghuggingbegginggettingsittingdiggingnodding動(dòng)詞ing：去e+ing:writinghopinglovinghatingdancingmovingtypingchoosingdecidingsmilingtakinghavingleavingmakingrefusingpracticingadvisingincludingusingdrivinggivingprovidingbecoming動(dòng)詞ed：雙寫末尾字母+ed:plannedregretteddroppedstoppedadmittedbeggedhuggedpreferrednodded動(dòng)詞ed：以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，變y為i+ed:studiedtriedcrieddriedcarriedmarriedburiedhurriedworriedcopied-ment名詞后綴不去e加ment的名詞：improvementmovementmanagementamazementachievementamusementencouragementexcitementrequirement去e加ment的名詞：argue-argument其它：(dis)agreementdevelopmentgovernmentappointment(約定)后跟v-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞（動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)）忙于做某事完成做某事習(xí)慣做某事考慮做某事建議做某事放棄做某事思念做某事持續(xù)做某事堅(jiān)持做某事練習(xí)做某事忍不住做某事