2022年山東省煙臺(tái)市高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題

答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁山東省煙臺(tái)市2021-2022學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題一、閱讀理解Inwhathasbecomeanannualtradition,the

staff

of

National

Public

Radiobringyouamightyyear-endguideofBooksWeLove.Hereareahandfulofthemostinterestingpicks.Wehopeyouenjoytheselectionsandtaketimetolookthroughforawhile!CryinginHMartbyMichelleZaunerMichelleZaunerlaysoutthecomplexityandtheongoingsorrowoflosingaparentinher20s,justasherownlifeisabouttostart.ZaunerwritesabouthowsheturnedtoKoreanfoodtoprocesshersadnesswhenhermother,heronlytietoKoreanculture,diedofcancer.Thebookreflectsonhowcookingandeatingthefoodthathermomoncepreparedgivesherawaytoconnecttoheridentity.FatChance,CharlieVegabyCrystalMaldonadoCrystalMaldonadocreatesamuch-neededbelievablecharacterwithteenageandadultreaders.CharlieVegaisfatandwearsglasses,withadiet-pushingmotherandabeautiful,athleticbestfriend.WhenherclassmateBrianpursuesaromanticrelationship,Charlieisbotheredwithselfdoubt.Thebook,whichtellsawell-observedstoryoffatteenagelife,isdevelopedbyinternal(內(nèi)在的)andexternal(外在的)conflicts.TheMostFunThing:Dispatches(快訊)fromaSkateboardLifebyKyleBeachyTheyear2021wastheyearofskateboarding,whichhasbeentransformedintoanOlympicsport.Andmanyhavepickedupskateboardsforthefirsttime,soTheMostFunThingcouldn’thavecomeatabettertime.KyleBeachy,alongtimeskaterandwritingprofessor,isdevotedtoexploringthemeaningofskateboardingbasedonrelatedessaysofadecade.TheSecretHistoryofHomeEconomicsbyDanielleDreilingerIt’sgenerallythoughtthathomeeconomicsisjustaclasstakenatschool,whichisappropriatelynamedMrsHousekeeper.Butinreadingthisbook,youcandiscoverthatintheearly20thcentury,thefieldprovidedjobsforwomeninscience,companiesandgovernments.DanielleDreilingeralsomakesthecasethatcookingandmanagingabudgetareinvaluablelessonsforallchildrenandshouldstillbeschoolcourses.1．WhatisCharlieVegalike?A．Romantic. B．Unconfident. C．Smart. D．Dishonest.2．Whoisasportslover?A．MichelleZauner. B．CrystalMaldonado. C．KyleBeachy. D．DanielleDreilinger.3．WhatdoCryinginHMartandTheSecretHistoryofHomeEconomicshaveincommon?A．Theybothinvolvethetopicofcookery.B．Theybothmentionthebondwithparents.C．Theybothstatehowtosurviveeconomichardship.D．Theybothstressthenecessityofensuringwomen’srights.ApsychologistatStanfordoncedidanexperiment.Heassignedpreschoolchildrento

threegroups.Thefirstgroupwatchedadults

playrudely

withaninflatableclown(充氣小丑)calledBobo;anotherwatchedadultsplayquietlywithadifferenttoywhileignoringBobo;andthethirdhadnoexposuretotheseadultrolemodels.Next,eachofthechildrenwasleftalonewithBobo.Theresultsofthestudywerestriking.OnlythechildreninthefirstgrouplaterkickedBobo,hititwithastick,andsatonitjustastheywatchedtheadultsdo.Theabovestudyindicateskidsmayfollowsuitiftheyseewhatothersdo.That’swhyrolemodelsmatter.Whenkidsareexposedtorolemodelstheycanrelateto,ithelpsthemsetambitiousgoals.Don’tassumekidsknowtheycanbeanythingtheywantwhentheygrowup.Takemyselfforexample.“Angela,doyouthinktheUSwillelectafemalepresidentinyourlifetime?”Yearsago,thiswasthelastquestionofthelastinterviewforascholarshipIdidn’twin.WithouthesitationIshookmyheadsaying“no”.Astheinterviewended,IsensedI’dgivenananswerthecommitteefounddisappointing.“Ofcoursetherewillbeafemalepresident,”theywantedmetosaywithaconfidentsmile.“AndIhopeIhaveyourvote.”Likemostchildren,myfirstrolemodelswereinmyfamily.MydadhadaPhDinchemistry.Myunclesandcountlesscousinsweremostlydoctorsorscientists.So,ifyou’daskedmein,say,thirdgrade,“Angela,couldyoubecomeacollegeprofessorsomedayifyoutried?”WithoutabitofevidencethatI’dbeanygoodatsucha

career,I’dhavenoddedmyhead.Soit’squitenecessarythatweshouldgooutofourwaytoexposekidstorolemodels,whetherit’sanOlympicathleteoraCEO.Nowthatwehaveourfirstfemalevice-president,canthefirstfemalepresidentbefarbehind?4．WhydidthechildreninthefirstgrouptreatedBoborudely?A．Theyregardeditasameretoy.B．TheymeanttomakefunofBobo.C．Theywereraisedtobehavebadly.D．Theyweresetanegativeexample.5．WhatdidthecommitteeexpectAngelatodowiththelastquestion?A．Toraiseherdoubt.B．Torespondpositively.C．Tointerpretitsmeaning.D．Tochangeherreplyquickly.6．Howdidthird-gradeAngelafeelaboutthechanceofbeingaprofessor?A．Hopeful. B．Doubtful. C．Curious. D．Hesitant.7．Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．MyRoleModelsB．AimHighandActEarlyC．HowtoBecomeAmericanPresidentD．RoleModelsHelpShapeKids’FutureKenyahasbeenatthe

forefront

oftheglobalwaronplasticsince2017,whenofficials

outlawed

plasticbags.In2020,thegovernmentraisedthe

demand

witha

ban

on

single-useplastics.Unfortunately,tonsofindustrialandconsumer

plastic

wastecontinuetogetpouredinto

landfills

daily.However,if29-year-oldNzambiMateehasherway,the

unsightly

plasticgarbagemountainwillsoonbe

transformed

intocolorfulbricks.The

materialsengineer’s

searchforaneffective

solutionto

controllingplasticpollutionbeganin2017,whenshesetupasmalllabinherbackyard.Ittookherninemonthstoproducethefirstbrickandevenlongertoconvinceapartnertohelpbuildthemachinerytomakethem.Shesays,“Iwantedtousemyeducationinappliedphysicsandmaterialsengineeringtodosomethingaboutplasticwastepollution.ButIwasveryclearthesolutionhadtobepractical,

sustainableandaffordable.Thebestwaytodothiswasbychannelingthewasteintotheconstructionspaceandfindingthemostefficientandaffordablematerialtobuildhomes.”Hercompany,GjengeMakers,nowhires112peopleandproducesover1,500bricksaday,whicharemadeusingamixofplasticproductsthatcan’tbereprocessedorrecycled.Thecollectedplasticisobtaineddirectlyfromfactoriesorpickedbyhiredlocalsfromlandfillsandmixedwithsand,heatedatveryhightemperatures,and

compressed(壓縮)intobricksthat

vary

incolorandthickness.Theresultingproductisstronger,lighter,andabout30percentcheaperthantraditionalconcrete(混凝土)bricks.Mostimportantly,ithelpsrepurposethelowestqualityofplastic.Matee,recognizedasoneoftheYoungChampionsoftheEarth2020—theUnitedNations’highest

environmental

honor—isfarfromdone.Herdreamistoreducerubbishbyincreasingproductionandexpandingherofferings.Shesays,“Themorewerecycleplastic,themoreweproduce

affordable

housing…themorewecreatemoreemploymentfortheyouth.”8．WhichwordbestdescribesKenyangovernment’smeasuresagainstplastic?A．Temporary. B．Effective. C．Fruitless. D．Unreliable.9．WhichofthefollowingdoweknowaboutMatee?A．Sheturnsknowledgeintoactualproducts.B．Hercompany’sfundedbythegovernment.C．Sheproducesbrick-makingmachineryherself.D．Herbricksaremadefromrecyclableplasticwaste.10．What’sthegreateststrengthofMatee’sresultingproduct?A．Itslowcost. B．Itswiderangeofuses.C．Itseconomicbenefit. D．Itsenvironmentalvalue.11．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?A．Matee’sachievement.B．Matee’sgreaterambition.C．MultiplechallengesMateefaces.D．Innovativesolutionstoplasticwaste.Migratory(遷移的)birdsarespeciallyadaptedtofindtheirwayoverextremedistances.Now,thenewresearchofKasparDelheyandotherresearchershasdiscoveredanunexpectedwaythatmigratorybirdskeeptheircoolduringsuchbackbreakingjourneys:lighter-coloredfeathers(羽毛).“Wefoundacrossnearlyallspeciesofbirds,migratoryspeciestendtobelightercoloredthannon-migratoryspecies,”saidDelhey.“Wethinkthatlighterfeathercolorationisselectedinmigratoryspeciesbecauseitreducestheriskofoverheatingwhenexposedtosunshine.Lightersurfacesabsorblessheatthandarkerones,asanybodywearingdarkclothesonasunnydaycandemonstrate!Thiswouldbeparticularlyimportantforlong-distancemigrantsthatundertakeextensiveflightsduringwhichtheycannotstoptorestintheshade.”Delheyandhiscoworkershadbeenstudyingtheeffectsofclimateonbirdcoloration.Theirearlierstudiesshowedthat,ingeneral,lightercoloredbirdsarefoundwheretemperaturesarehighandthereislittleshade.That’sinpartbecausethebirds’lighterfeathershelptokeepthemcoolerinthehotsun.Thentheresearcherscameacrossstudiesbyothersshowingthatsomebirdsflyhigherduringthedaycomparedtoatnight.“Becauseflyinghigherislikelycostly,thesechangesrequireanexplanation,”Delheysays.“Onepossibilitywasthatflyinghigher,whereitiscolder,wouldoffsettheheatabsorbedbythefeatherswhenthesunwasshining.”Ifso,theyrealized,anotherwaytoreducetheriskofoverheatingwouldbetoabsorblesssolarradiationinthefirstplace.Itraisedaquestion:havemigratoryspeciesevolved(進(jìn)化)lighterfeathers?Tofindout,theydidmuchresearch.Theirfindingsshowbirdspeciesgetincreasinglylighterastheymigratemore.So,residentbirdstendtobedarkerthanshort-distancemigrants.Short-distancemigrantsaredarkerthanbirdspeciesthattravelfarther.Delheysaidtheeffectsuiteddifferenttypesofbirds.Thesameheldtrueinwaterbirdsandground-livingbirds,too.Thefindingsareanotherreminderoftheimportantroleoftemperatureandclimatefactorsmorebroadlyintheevolutionofshapingthecolorationofanimals.Theyalsohelpbetterunderstandtheimpactsofglobalwarmingandunderlyingadaptiveevolutionaryresponses.12．Whyis“darkclothes”mentionedinparagraph2?A．Topresentafact. B．Toanalyzeareason.C．Toclarifyapoint. D．Tomakeacomparison.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“offset”meaninparagraph4?A．Cancelout. B．Addto. C．Giveriseto. D．Takeadvantageof.14．WhatdoesDelhey’snewresearchfocuson?A．Thehabitatsofmigratorybirds.B．Thecategoriesofmigratorybirds.C．Aflyingpatternofmigratorybirds.D．Aphysicalcharacteristicofmigratorybirds.15．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A．Entertainment. B．Science. C．Travel. D．Education.二、七選五Forsomepeople,wakingupearlyjustfeelsnatural.Butifyou’renotnaturallyamorningperson,howmuchroomdoyouhavetochangeyourwake-upschedule?____16____Butafewhabitscanhelpmakewakingupearlierlessofachallenge.Useexternalfactorstoupgradeyourbodyclock.LightSunlightcanadjustyourinternalclockbyholdingbackasleep-relatedhormone(激素)thatiscalledmelatonin.Whenyou’reexposedtobrightsunlight,theproductionofmelatoninshutsoff.____17____Sothemosteffectivewaytogetyourbodyfeelingrefreshedandawakeistoexposeyourselftolightthemomentyouopenyoureyesinthemorning.Rewardyourselfandtakeitslow____18____Maybethat’samindfulnessexercisetoremindyourselfofwhoorwhatyou’rewakingupearlyfor.Somethingassimpleaspromisingyourselfastrawberrycakeassoonasyougetoutofbedcandothetrick.Anotherimportantthingthatyoumustkeepinmindisthatyoushouldthinkaboutwakingupearlylikeaskillyou’repracticinganddoitgradually.Youcanstartbywakinguponlyafewminutesearlierthanyouneedtoandthenmoreminutesearlierdaybyday.____19____BepatientRemembernottopushyourselftoohard.Youneedtohavepatiencewithyourself.____20____Somemorningsmightbehardforyouinthebeginning,butifyou’rekeepingyourhabitsincheckmostofthetime,you’llendupasamorningperson.A．You’llgetthehangofitsoonenough.B．Trainingtowakeupearlyisaprocess.C．Whenyougetupcanmakeadifference.D．Itsortoftellsthebodyit’stimetowakeup.E．Whyshouldyouencourageyourselftoriseearly?F．Createamotivatortogetoutofbedinthemorning.G．Basically,yourbiologicalclockisbakedintowhoyouare.三、完形填空MytwinsisterandIstudiedinthesameschoolfortenyears.Thefirstdayweenteredthecampus,wewere____21____byitsbeautyandbright-coloredstonesculpturesoffairies(精靈)that____22____there.Aswegotolder,Idiscoveredtheschoolwasn’talwayswherebeautywasaneveryday____23____.Theweather-beatenstonestatuesbadlyneeded____24____.However,thereweren’tenoughstafftogeteverythingdone.Idecidedtodosomethingtogivethecampusanew____25____.Mysisterhadasimilarideaandwecameupwithaplantosecretly____26____theschool.Havingcarefullyworkedoutaproject,wegot____27____fromtheadministration(管理層)todoit.Wefirstpaintedthestonesculptures,refreshingthefewremainingfairies.Tobring____28____andmagictothecampus,wepaintedonthedoorsoftheboy’sandthegirl’sbathroomsthesunandmoonrepresentation____29____designedbymysister.Thetreebytheschoolgatewasdeadanditsbarebrancheswere____30____,leavingonlythetrunk.Theyoungschoolmateswere____31____bythelossofthistreeandthetrunkleftwasasad____32____tothemoftheonce-livingtree.____33____transformingthistrunkintoafairyhouseforvisitingfairiestostopbyandhavealittlesnack,Iputlittle____34____inthehousesothatthechildrencouldlookintothelittlefairykitchenwhilewalkingby.Whilecuttingandshapingthetrunktookmanyhours,itwaswellworthitforwe____35____awoundinournaturalenvironment.Everythingdone,wesmiledheartilylookingaroundthefantastic“new”school.21．A．educated B．struck C．relaxed D．disturbed22．A．settled B．visited C．worked D．chatted23．A．routine B．habit C．expectation D．purpose24．A．removing B．replacing C．wrapping D．painting25．A．chance B．look C．background D．culture26．A．explore B．publicize C．beautify D．protect27．A．permission B．reward C．promise D．concern28．A．security B．honesty C．politeness D．imagination29．A．proudly B．bravely C．a(chǎn)rtfully D．a(chǎn)nxiously30．A．turnedin B．cutoff C．pickedout D．givenup31．A．a(chǎn)stonished B．disappointed C．a(chǎn)nnoyed D．upset32．A．flag B．reminder C．tool D．start33．A．Insteadof B．Inhopeof C．Inadditionto D．Inspiteof34．A．windows B．bells C．handles D．curtains35．A．recorded B．hid C．cured D．spotted四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Shanghaihas____36____populationof5.8millionresidentsaged60andabove,accountingfor23percentofthetotalpopulation.Howtoimprovetheirqualityoflife,especiallythoseseniorcitizenswiththeproblemofdysmnesia(記憶障礙),isagreatchallengeforthelocalgovernment.Happily,theMemoryCaféinPudong____37____(find)itswaybynowtohelptheseniorresidentsinlocalcommunitiesbyorganizinginteractiveactivitiestofightdysmnesia____38____(proper).Thecafé,launchedlastNovember,nowhas18regularseniorvolunteers____39____rangebetween70and82yearsofage.Volunteersinthecaféaretrainedtobereceptionists,cashiersorbaristas(調(diào)酒師).Everyweektheycometothecoffeeshopat____40____(fix)schedulefortraining.TheMemoryCaféisreportedlyChina’sfirstofitskind____41____(target)elderlypeoplewithcognitive(認(rèn)知)disabilities.“Beforejoiningthecafévolunteerprogram,whatIdidmosteverydaywaswatchTV.I____42____(feel)lonelyandafraidwhenrealizingIcouldn’trememberthingswell,”73-year-oldPengMingxiangsaid.“Inthecafé,therearemanypeoplemyage,____43____whomImakefriendsandsharetheexperienceofgettingolder.Iambecomingbraverandmoreoptimistic.WhenIservecustomers,eventhoughIamsloworevenservethewrongcoffee,youngpeopleare____44____(understand),whichmakesmefeelgoodandrespected,”Pengadded.Manycustomershavea_____45_____(prefer)forsuchacharitableshopastheMemoryCafé,whichpioneersanti-dysmnesiaeffortsforseniorsandwinspublicsupport.五、開放性作文46．假定你要參加班級(jí)英語演講比賽，演講的題目是“TimeLostCanNotBeRecalled”。請(qǐng)你寫一篇英文演講稿，內(nèi)容包括：1.你對(duì)題目的理解；2.以一個(gè)事例說明；3.總結(jié)發(fā)言。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。TimeLostCanNotBeRecalled________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________六、讀后續(xù)寫47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Asayoungboy,Iwasalwaysatroublemakeranduptonogood.Ilikedplayingtricksandenjoyedtreatinganimalsinanunfriendlyway,likerunningaftercatscrazily,makingthemscaredatthesightofme.Besides,Ioftenusedahandmadecatapult(彈弓)toshootatbirdsonthetrees.Allthisdidaffordmeindescribablepleasurebutalsogotmeunkindstaresandblamesfrompeoplearound.MyparentsdisapprovedofmybehaviorandwereconstantlycriticizingmeforthetricksIplayed.Iwasevengivenagoodbeatingfrommyfatherfromtimetotime.Nevertheless,Iignoredtheirwarningsanddidnotcorrectmywaysuntilanincidentoccurred.OnesummernoonwhenIwaseight,Iwasaloneathomeandjustfinishedlunch.Feelingveryhotandbored,Idecidedtohangaroundtheneighborhood,holdingmytrustycatapult.Soon,IcametoMrSmith’shouse.Hispetdog,bigandstrong,wastiedtoapostoutsidehishouse,lyingintheshadelazily.Lookingaround,Ifoundthatnoonewasinsight.Idecidedtomakegooduseofmycatapulttoplaytricksonthemassivedog.Pickingupafewsmallstonesfromtheground,Iaimedatthedogandfiredthemonebyone.Severalstoneshitthepoordoganditbegantobark(吠)loudlyinpainandjumpupanddown.ButIfeltsofunthatIdidn’tstopdoingso.Eventually,thedog’sangerwasfueledanditbarkedwildlyatmewhilestrugglingtobreakawayfromtherope.Notrealizinganythingwrongwithmycrazybehavior,Iwasjustlaughinghappily.Suddenly,theropethattiedthedogloosenedandthebigdoggotfreefromitsbonds.Innotime,withafewpowerfulstepsthedogwasonme.Itssharpteethsankintomyleg.Iscreamedwithpainandfrightandfelltotheground,shoutingoutforhelp.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Luckily,mymiserableshoutscaughtMrSmith’sattention.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________HiswordsleftmeashamedandIdecidedtomakeachange.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案：1．B2．C3．A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了幾本由NationalPublicRadio推薦的年度好書?！驹斀狻?.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“WhenherclassmateBrianpursuesaromanticrelationship,Charlieisbotheredwithselfdoubt.”（當(dāng)她的同學(xué)布萊恩開始談戀愛時(shí)，查理被自我懷疑所困擾）推知，Charlie有些不太自信。故選B項(xiàng)。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“KyleBeachy,alongtimeskaterandwritingprofessor,isdevotedtoexploringthemeaningofskateboardingbasedonrelatedessaysofadecade.”（凱爾·比奇(KyleBeachy)是一名資深的滑板運(yùn)動(dòng)員和寫作教授，他根據(jù)過去十年的相關(guān)文章，致力于探索滑板的意義）可知，KyleBeachy是一位運(yùn)動(dòng)愛好者。故選C項(xiàng)。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thebookreflectsonhowcookingandeatingthefoodthathermomoncepreparedgivesherawaytoconnecttoheridentity.”（這本書反映了烹飪和食用她母親曾經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備的食物是如何讓她與自己的身份聯(lián)系起來的）以及第五段“DanielleDreilingeralsomakesthecasethatcookingandmanagingabudgetareinvaluablelessonsforallchildrenandshouldstillbeschoolcourses.”（丹妮爾·德萊林格(DanielleDreilinger)還提出，烹飪和管理預(yù)算對(duì)所有孩子來說都是寶貴的課程，應(yīng)該仍然是學(xué)校的課程）可知，CryinginHMart和TheSecretHistoryofHomeEconomics這兩本書都涉及了烹飪的內(nèi)容。故選A項(xiàng)。4．D5．B6．A7．D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要講述了研究人員通過實(shí)驗(yàn)表明了對(duì)孩子而言，榜樣的力量和重要性。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thefirstgroupwatchedadultsplayrudelywithaninflatableclown(充氣小丑)calledBobo”（第一組觀看成年人粗魯?shù)嘏c一個(gè)叫波波的充氣小丑玩耍），第二段“OnlythechildreninthefirstgrouplaterkickedBobo,hititwithastick,andsatonitjustastheywatchedtheadultsdo.”（后來，只有第一組的孩子踢波波，用棍子打它，然后坐在上面，就像他們看著成年人那樣。）和第三段“Theabovestudyindicateskidsmayfollowsuitiftheyseewhatothersdo.That’swhyrolemodelsmatter.Whenkidsareexposedtorolemodelstheycanrelateto,ithelpsthemsetambitiousgoals.”（上面的研究表明，如果孩子們看到別人的做法，他們也會(huì)效仿。這就是為什么榜樣很重要。當(dāng)孩子們接觸到他們可以聯(lián)系的榜樣時(shí)，這有助于他們?cè)O(shè)定雄心勃勃的目標(biāo)。）可知，第一組的孩子粗魯對(duì)待Bobo是因?yàn)樗麄儽粯淞⒘艘粋€(gè)反面的榜樣。故選D項(xiàng)。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“WithouthesitationIshookmyheadsaying“no”.Astheinterviewended,IsensedI’dgivenananswerthecommitteefounddisappointing.”（我毫不猶豫地?fù)u搖頭說“不”。面試結(jié)束時(shí)，我感覺我給出的答案讓委員會(huì)失望。）可知，委員會(huì)期望Angela積極地回答這個(gè)問題。故選B項(xiàng)。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“So,ifyou’daskedmein,say,thirdgrade,“Angela,couldyoubecomeacollegeprofessorsomedayifyoutried?”WithoutabitofevidencethatI’dbeanygoodatsuchacareer,I’dhavenoddedmyhead.”（所以，如果你在我三年級(jí)的時(shí)候問我，“安吉拉，如果你努力的話，你將來能成為一名大學(xué)教授嗎?”如果沒有一點(diǎn)證據(jù)表明我能勝任這樣的工作，我也會(huì)點(diǎn)頭的。）可知，三年級(jí)的Angela認(rèn)為自己很有希望成為一位教授。故選A項(xiàng)。7．主旨大意題。本篇文章通過一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，說明榜樣的力量；以及通過文章最后一段“Soit’squitenecessarythatweshouldgooutofourwaytoexposekidstorolemodels,whetherit’sanOlympicathleteoraCEO.”（因此，我們有必要讓孩子們接觸到榜樣，無論是奧運(yùn)會(huì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員還是首席執(zhí)行官。）可知，本篇文章主要講榜樣能夠幫助塑造孩子的未來。故選D項(xiàng)。8．C9．A10．D11．B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了材料工程師NzambiMatee創(chuàng)造性地將難以回收處理的塑料垃圾轉(zhuǎn)化成建筑用磚的一些情況。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“In2020,thegovernmentraisedthedemandwithabanonsingle-useplastics.Unfortunately,tonsofindustrialandconsumerplasticwastecontinuetogetpouredintolandfillsdaily.”（2020年，政府通過禁止使用一次性塑料提高了需求。不幸的是，每天仍有大量的工業(yè)和消費(fèi)塑料垃圾被倒入垃圾填埋場(chǎng)。）可知，肯尼亞政府應(yīng)對(duì)塑料垃圾的方法是無效的，沒有什么成果。故選C項(xiàng)。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thematerialsengineer’ssearchforaneffectivesolutiontocontrollingplasticpollutionbeganin2017,whenshesetupasmalllabinherbackyard.Ittookherninemonthstoproducethefirstbrickandevenlongertoconvinceapartnertohelpbuildthemachinerytomakethem.”（這位材料工程師從2017年開始尋找控制塑料污染的有效解決方案，當(dāng)時(shí)她在自家后院建立了一個(gè)小實(shí)驗(yàn)室。她花了9個(gè)月的時(shí)間來生產(chǎn)第一塊磚，甚至更長的時(shí)間來說服一個(gè)合作伙伴幫助建造機(jī)器來制造它們。）可知，Matee把所學(xué)知識(shí)應(yīng)該到實(shí)際活動(dòng)中，將塑料垃圾轉(zhuǎn)化成建筑用磚。故選A項(xiàng)。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Theresultingproductisstronger,lighter,andabout30percentcheaperthantraditionalconcrete(混凝土)bricks.Mostimportantly,ithelpsrepurposethelowestqualityofplastic.”（由此產(chǎn)生的產(chǎn)品更強(qiáng)、更輕,大約比傳統(tǒng)混凝土磚便宜30%。最重要的是，它有助于重新利用最低質(zhì)量的塑料。）可知，Matee研制的磚非常環(huán)保。故選D項(xiàng)。11．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Herdreamistoreducerubbishbyincreasingproductionandexpandingherofferings.”（她的夢(mèng)想是通過增加生產(chǎn)和擴(kuò)大她的產(chǎn)品來減少垃圾。）可知，本段在講述Matee的更大的目標(biāo)。故選B項(xiàng)。12．C13．A14．D15．B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章介紹一項(xiàng)研究表明，遷徙鳥類通過淺色的羽毛來保持長途遷徙過程中較低的體溫，這說明溫度和氣候因素在動(dòng)物顏色形成的進(jìn)化過程中發(fā)揮著重要作用。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Lightersurfacesabsorblessheatthandarkerones,asanybodywearingdarkclothesonasunnydaycandemonstrate!(我們認(rèn)為，遷徙物種選擇淺色羽毛是因?yàn)樗梢詼p少暴露在陽光下過熱的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。淺色的表面比深色的表面吸收的熱量少，任何一個(gè)在陽光明媚的日子里穿深色衣服的人都可以證明這一點(diǎn))”可推知，文章提到深色衣服的目的是為進(jìn)一步闡明淺色的表面比深色的表面吸收的熱量少這個(gè)道理。故選C項(xiàng)。13．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Onepossibilitywasthatflyinghigher,whereitiscolder,wouldoffsettheheatabsorbedbythefeatherswhenthesunwasshining.(一種可能是飛得更高，那里更冷，可以offset陽光下羽毛吸收的熱量)”中“whereitiscolder”和“theheat”可推知，飛得更高的目的是為了抵消熱量，所以劃線詞與cancelout“取消；抵消”同義。故選A項(xiàng)。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“Itraisedaquestion:havemigratoryspeciesevolved(進(jìn)化)lighterfeathers?(這就提出了一個(gè)問題：遷徙物種是否進(jìn)化出了更輕的羽毛)”和第六段中“Tofindout,theydidmuchresearch.Theirfindingsshowbirdspeciesgetincreasinglylighterastheymigratemore.(為了找到答案，他們做了很多研究。他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，隨著遷徙的增多，鳥類的體型也會(huì)越來越輕)”可推知，Delhey的新研究重點(diǎn)關(guān)注的是遷徙物種，即候鳥，的身體特征。故選D項(xiàng)。15．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹一項(xiàng)研究表明，遷徙鳥類通過淺色的羽毛來保持長途遷徙過程中較低的體溫，這說明溫度和氣候因素在動(dòng)物顏色形成的進(jìn)化過程中發(fā)揮著重要作用，由此推知，這篇文章可能出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的科學(xué)專欄。故選B項(xiàng)。16．G17．D18．F19．A20．B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要講讀者介紹幾條如何養(yǎng)成早起的習(xí)慣的建議。16．根據(jù)上文“Forsomepeople,wakingupearlyjustfeelsnatural.Butifyou’renotnaturallyamorningperson,howmuchroomdoyouhavetochangeyourwake-upschedule?”（對(duì)一些人來說，早起是很自然的。但是如果你不是一個(gè)天生的早起的人，你需要多大的空間來改變你的起床時(shí)間表呢?）根據(jù)下文“Butafewhabitscanhelpmakewakingupearlierlessofachallenge.”（但是一些習(xí)慣就可以幫助你早點(diǎn)起床不那么費(fèi)力。）可知，選項(xiàng)承接上文說明導(dǎo)致上文狀況的原因。G選項(xiàng)“從根本上來說，你的生物鐘決定了你是誰?！狈险Z境，承上啟下。故選G。17．根據(jù)上文“Sunlightcanadjustyourinternalclockbyholdingbackasleep-relatedhormone(激素)thatiscalledmelatonin.Whenyou’reexposedtobrightsunlight,theproductionofmelatoninshutsoff”（陽光可以通過抑制一種叫做褪黑激素的與睡眠有關(guān)的激素來調(diào)整你的生物鐘。當(dāng)你暴露在明亮的太陽光下的時(shí)候，激素就不再分泌。）可知，選項(xiàng)承接上文說明激素不分泌意味著什么。D選項(xiàng)“它從某種程度上會(huì)告訴你的身體該起床了?！迸c上文意思一致。故選D。18．根據(jù)上文標(biāo)題句“Rewardyourselfandtakeitslow”（要獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)你自己并且慢慢來。）可知，這里是建議讀者要有一些措施來獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)自己的早起。F選項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)造一個(gè)動(dòng)機(jī)讓你自己早起?！迸c上文意思一致。承接下文“Maybethat’samindfulnessexercisetoremindyourselfofwhoorwhatyou’rewakingupearlyfor.”（也許這是一種正念練習(xí)，提醒自己早起是為了誰或?yàn)槭裁丛缙?。）故選F。19．根據(jù)上文“Youcanstartbywakinguponlyafewminutesearlierthanyouneedtoandthenmoreminutesearlierdaybyday.”（你可以開始的時(shí)候僅僅早起幾分鐘，然后每天都比前一天早一點(diǎn)。）可知，這是作者在解釋如何慢慢改變，然后養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣，選項(xiàng)總結(jié)上文，說明很快就能掌握訣竅。A選項(xiàng)“你將很快就掌握訣竅?！迸c上文意思一致。故選A。20．根據(jù)上文“Youneedtohavepatiencewithyourself.”（你需要對(duì)自己有耐心。）可知，作者是在建議讀者做事情要有耐心，然后具體說明。B選項(xiàng)“訓(xùn)練早起就是這樣一個(gè)過程?！迸c上文意思一致。承接下文Somemorningsmightbehardforyouinthebeginning,butifyou’rekeepingyourhabitsincheckmostofthetime,you’llendupasamorningperson.“有些早晨一開始可能對(duì)你來說很難，但如果你大部分時(shí)間都能控制好自己的習(xí)慣，你終會(huì)成為一個(gè)早起的人?！惫蔬xB。21．B22．A23．C24．D25．B26．C27．A28．D29．C30．B31．D32．B33．B34．A35．C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了雙胞胎姐妹幫助美化校園的事情。21．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：進(jìn)入校園的第一天，我們就被它的美麗和放置在那里的仙女彩石雕塑所打動(dòng)。A.educated受過教育的；B.struck對(duì)…印象好的；C.relaxed放松的；D.disturbed煩惱的。根據(jù)該句中的“itsbeautyandbright-coloredstonesculpturesoffairies”（它的美麗和彩石雕刻的仙女）可知，作者對(duì)校園的印象很好。故選B項(xiàng)。22．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：進(jìn)入校園的第一天，我們就被它的美麗和放置在那里的仙女彩石雕塑所打動(dòng)。A.settled放置；B.visited看望；C.worked工作；D.chatted閑聊。根據(jù)句型結(jié)構(gòu)，可知此處是定語從句，修飾前面的名詞stonesculpturesoffairies，表示放置在校園的雕塑。故選A項(xiàng)。23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著年齡的增長，我發(fā)現(xiàn)在學(xué)校里，美麗并不總是人們每天的期望。A.routine常規(guī)；B.habit習(xí)慣；C.expectation期望；D.purpose目標(biāo)。根據(jù)后句“Theweather-beatenstonestatuesbadlyneeded4.”（這些飽經(jīng)風(fēng)霜的石像急需噴涂。）可知，校園里的一些設(shè)施和雕塑都年久失修，沒有達(dá)到人們對(duì)美麗校園的期望。故選C項(xiàng)。24．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這些飽經(jīng)風(fēng)霜的石像急需噴涂。A.removing移開；B.replacing替代；C.wrapping包裝；D.painting噴涂。根據(jù)前句“Aswegotolder,Idiscoveredtheschoolwasn’talwayswherebeautywasaneveryday3.”可知，校園里的設(shè)施都需要維護(hù)。故選D項(xiàng)。25．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我決定做點(diǎn)什么來讓校園煥然一新。A.chance機(jī)會(huì)；B.look面貌；C.background背景；D.culture文化。根據(jù)前文，可知校園里的設(shè)施需要修繕，但是沒有足夠的人員去做這件事，于是我決定行動(dòng)起