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1、無(wú) 錫 職 業(yè) 技 術(shù) 學(xué) 院畢 業(yè) 實(shí) 踐 任 務(wù) 書課題名稱 基于MCGS的機(jī)械手控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 指導(dǎo)老師 徐穎秦 職稱 高級(jí)工程師 專業(yè)名稱 電氣工程與自動(dòng)化 班級(jí) 生產(chǎn)自動(dòng)化20831 學(xué)生姓名 資亞云 學(xué)號(hào) 課題需要完成的任務(wù):機(jī)械手臂是目前在機(jī)械技術(shù)領(lǐng)域中應(yīng)用最廣泛的自動(dòng)化機(jī)械裝置,盡管其形態(tài)各異,但都有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn),就是能夠接受指令,精確地定位到空間上的某一點(diǎn)進(jìn)行作業(yè)。本課題的主要研究目標(biāo)是基于MCGS組態(tài)軟件的機(jī)械手控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)。主要任務(wù)如下:1. 機(jī)械手MCGS自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的控制要求。2. 控制方案的確定,PLC型號(hào)的選擇,輸入/輸出的定義。3. 繪制原理圖,完成軟件編程。課題
2、計(jì)劃: 11年2月27日-11年3月5日 了解工藝過(guò)程和控制要求。 11年3月6 日-11年3月30日 完成計(jì)劃。 11年4月1日-11年4月15日 完成畢業(yè)論文。計(jì)劃答辯時(shí)間:2011年4月16日-20日 自動(dòng)控制技術(shù)系 (部、分院) 2011年01月19日外文翻譯 Configuration software Configuration software, also called configuration monitoring software system software. Translation from English SCADA, namely Supervisory Cont
3、rol and Data Acquisition (Data Acquisition and monitoring Control). It is to point to some data acquisition and process control of special software. They are at the automatic control system monitoring layer level of software platform and development environment, use flexible configuration mode, to p
4、rovideusers with rapid build industrial automatic control system monitoring function, general level of software tools. Configuration software application field is very wide, can be applied to power system, water supply system, petroleum, chemical field data acquisition and monitoring control and pro
5、cess controletc. In power System and electrified railway on dynamic System (also called far, Remote Terminal Unit RTU System).Configuration software in China is a conventional concepts, and no clear definition, it can be understood as configuration type monitoring software. Configuration (Configure)
6、 is the meaning of Configure, set, Settings meaning such as, refers to the user through similar building blocks simple ways to complete your needs the software function, without the need to write computer program, and also is the so-called configuration. It is sometimes called second development, co
7、nfiguration software is referred to as second development platform. Monitoring (Supervisory Control), namely monitoring and Control, it is to point to through computer signals of automation equipment or process monitoring, Control and management Configuration software is a professional. A configurat
8、ion software can only suitable for some areas of application. Configuration concept first appeared in industrial computer control. Such as distributed control system (DCS) configuration, PLC (programmable controller) ladder diagram configuration. The man-machine interface generation software called
9、industrial control configuration software. In other industries have configuration concepts such as AutoCAD, PhotoShop, etc. The difference is, industrial control formation in the configuration result is used in real-time monitoring. Outwardly, configuration tool to run the program is to execute thei
10、r specific tasks. Industrial control configuration software also provides programming method, are generally built-in compilation system that provides such BASIC language, some support VB, now some configuration software even support c # high-level language. Configuration software are mostly support
11、various mainstream g-kong equipment and standard communication protocol, and usually should provide distributed data management and network function. Corresponding to the original HMI (man-machine Interface software, Human Machine with), the concept of configuration software or a user can quickly to
12、 establish their own HMI software tools or development environment. The configuration software before the emergence of the field of industrial automation users through manual or entrust a third party to write HMI application, long development time, low efficiency, poor reliability, Or purchase of sp
13、ecial industrial control system, usually is a closed system, the choice is small, often cannot meet the demand, it is difficult to with the outside world to upgrade and data interaction by adding features serious limitations. Configuration software user can use the emergence of configuration softwar
14、e functions, to construct a set of the most suitable application system. With its rapid development, the real-time database, real-time control, SCADA, communications and networking, open data interface, for I/O devices widespread support has become its main content control configuration software wil
15、l continue to be with new contents.Foreign configuration software: 1, Wonderware InTouch: (the world wide company) is Invensys PLC production management of a operation units, is a leading global provider of industrial automation software. The Wonderware InTouch software is the earliest entering into
16、 China configuration software. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, based on the Windows3.1 InTouch software made us, and refreshing InTouch provided a lot of library. However, the early InTouch software adopts DDE way and the driver communication, performance is poorer, the latest InTouch7.0 edition
17、has completely based on 32-bit Windows platforms, and provides the OPC support. 2, WinCC: Siemens automation and drives group (A&D) is the largest of Siemens ag, the group is one of Siemens industrial areas of important component. Simens of WinCC and a set of complete configuration development envir
18、onment, Simens provider class C language script, including a debugging environment. WinCC embedded OPC support, and can be used for distributed system configuration. But WinCC structure is more complex, users had better after Simens training in order to master WinCC applications.Domestic brand confi
19、guration software 1. ShiJiXing: by Beijing century long autumn technology Co., LTD. Development. Product sales since 1999. 2. 3d force control: by Beijing 3d force control technology Co., LTD develop core software products, founded in 1992. 3. KingView KingView: by Beijing and control technology dev
20、elopment Co., LTD, development, the company was founded in 1997, is currently in the domestic software market plays a certain status. 4. Realinfo: by zijin bridge zijin bridge software technology Co., LTD develop, this company is by petrochina daqing petrochemical factory was invested. 5. The MCGS:
21、by Beijing kunlun tong state automation software technology Co., LTD. Is mainly on the market development, tie-in hardware sales. 6. Still have Controx (open content), easy control, etcConfiguration software features With the industrial automation level rapidly increase, computers in industry wide a
22、pplication of industrial automation, people on the demand is higher and higher, a wide variety of control equipment and process monitoring device in the industrial fields of application, make the traditional industrial control software already cannot satisfy the customers different requirements. In
23、the development of traditional industrial control software, when industrial controlled object once has changed, he must modify source program of the control system, which causes the development cycle is long, Has developed successfully g-kong software and since each control project of different and
24、make its repeat utilization rate is very low, resulting in its price is very expensive, During the revision control software source code, if the original programming staff for job change and leave, it must be with other personnel or novice on the alteration of the source program, thereby is rather d
25、ifficult. General industrial automation configuration software appear to solve the practical engineering problems may provide a new method, because it can well solve the traditional industrial control software problems, users can under our own control object and control the purpose of arbitrary conf
26、iguration, finishes final automatic control engineering. Configuration (Configuration) for modular combinations. General configuration software main features: (1) the continuity and scalability. By general configuration software applications, when the site (including hardware equipment or system str
27、ucture) or user demand change, need not be many changes and conveniently accomplish software update and upgrade, (2) encapsulation (yi), gm easy-to-use configuration software can complete functionality all in a user-friendly way packaged and for the user, do not need to grasp too much programming la
28、nguage technology (dont even need programming technology), can perform well in a complicated engineering all the required function; (3) generality, each user according to engineering practice, use general configuration software provides the bottom of the equipment (PLC, intelligent instruments, inte
29、lligent module, boards, inverter, etc.) I/O is, open database and picture production tools, can finish an animation effects, real-time data processing, the history data and curve coexist, with multimedia capability and network function of engineering, not affected by trade restrictions.Monitor confi
30、guration software is increasingly becoming the automation hardware vendor for the key The whole of automation systems, software proportion gradually enhance, although configuration software just one part, but because of the penetration ability, extensible, in recent years whittled away many special
31、software market. Therefore, monitoring configuration software has high industrial correlativeness degree is the automation systems into high-end application, expand the market share important bridge. In this thought are driven by Siemens WinCC achieve great success in the market. At present, the int
32、ernational famous industrial automation manufacturers such as Rockwell, GE Fanuc, of Honeywell, Siemens, ABB, schneider, the invensys etc are developed their own configuration software. Monitor configuration software in DCS operating station software proportion is increasing day by day After FOXBORO
33、 after Euro therm (Europe), etc PCS7 Delta V, DCS system in use generic control configuration software as operation station. At the same time, domestic DCS manufacturer also began to try to use the monitoring configuration software as operation station. In universities and research institutes, more
34、and more people begin to engage in monitoring configuration software related technical research From domestic automation industry academic periodicals run, the configuration software and its is closely related to the new technology as the core research shows ascendant trend, many researchers exist i
35、s configuration software technology development and innovation important active factors, also can certain accumulate many technical achievements. Whether technological achievements or researchers will follow the pyramids, the law of from foundation to high-end formed transfer. These researchers and
36、their research for monitoring configuration software vendors to develop new products, and provided the beneficial experience for reference, and develops their ideas. Linux based monitoring configuration software and related technology is rapidly developing, many manufacturers are launched mature com
37、modities, the pattern of configuration software industry will have a far-reaching impact.組態(tài)軟件組態(tài)軟件,又稱組態(tài)監(jiān)控軟件系統(tǒng)軟件。譯自英文SCADA,即 Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition(數(shù)據(jù)采集與監(jiān)視控制)。它是指一些數(shù)據(jù)采集與過(guò)程控制的專用軟件。它們處在自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控層一級(jí)的軟件平臺(tái)和開發(fā)環(huán)境,使用靈活的組態(tài)方式,為用戶提供快速構(gòu)建工業(yè)自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控功能的、通用層次的軟件工具。組態(tài)軟件的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域很廣,可以應(yīng)用于電力系統(tǒng)、積水系統(tǒng)、石油、化工等領(lǐng)域的
38、數(shù)據(jù)采集與監(jiān)視控制以及過(guò)程控制等諸多領(lǐng)域。在電力系統(tǒng)以及電氣化鐵道上又稱遠(yuǎn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)(RTU System,Remote Terminal Unit)。組態(tài)軟件在國(guó)內(nèi)是一個(gè)約定俗成的概念,并沒有明確的定義,它可以理解為“組態(tài)式監(jiān)控軟件”。 “組態(tài)(Configure)”的含義是“配置”、“設(shè)定”、“設(shè)置”等意思,是指用戶通過(guò)類似“搭積木”的簡(jiǎn)單方式來(lái)完成自己所需要的軟件功能,而不需要編寫計(jì)算機(jī)程序,也就是所謂的“組態(tài)”。它有時(shí)候也稱為“二次開發(fā)”,組態(tài)軟件就稱為“二次開發(fā)平臺(tái)”。 “監(jiān)控(Supervisory Control)”,即“監(jiān)視和控制”,是指通過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)信號(hào)對(duì)自動(dòng)化設(shè)備或過(guò)程進(jìn)行監(jiān)視、控
39、制和管理。組態(tài)軟件是有專業(yè)性的。一種組態(tài)軟件只能適合某種領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用。組態(tài)的概念最早出現(xiàn)在工業(yè)計(jì)算機(jī)控制中。如DCS(集散控制系統(tǒng))組態(tài),PLC(可編程控制器)梯形圖組態(tài)。人機(jī)界面生成軟件就叫工控組態(tài)軟件。在其他行業(yè)也有組態(tài)的概念,如AutoCAD,PhotoShop等。不同之處在于,工業(yè)控制中形成的組態(tài)結(jié)果是用在實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控的。從表面上看,組態(tài)工具的運(yùn)行程序就是執(zhí)行自己特定的任務(wù)。工控組態(tài)軟件也提供了編程手段,一般都是內(nèi)置編譯系統(tǒng),提供類BAISC語(yǔ)言,有的支持VB,現(xiàn)在有的組態(tài)軟件甚至支持C#高級(jí)語(yǔ)言。組態(tài)軟件大都支持各種主流工控設(shè)備和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)通信協(xié)議,并且通常應(yīng)提供分布式數(shù)據(jù)管理和網(wǎng)絡(luò)功能。對(duì)應(yīng)于
40、原有的HMI(人機(jī)接口軟件,Human Machine Interface)的概念,組態(tài)軟件還是一個(gè)使用戶能快速建立自己的HMI的軟件工具或開發(fā)環(huán)境。在組態(tài)軟件出現(xiàn)之前,工控領(lǐng)域的用戶通過(guò)手工或委托第三方編寫HMI應(yīng)用,開發(fā)時(shí)間長(zhǎng),效率低,可靠性差;或者購(gòu)買專用的工控系統(tǒng),通常是封閉的系統(tǒng),選擇余地小,往往不能滿足需求,很難與外界進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)交互,升級(jí)和增加功能都受到嚴(yán)重的限制。組態(tài)軟件的出現(xiàn)使用戶可以利用組態(tài)軟件的功能,構(gòu)建一套最適合自己的應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)。隨著它的快速發(fā)展,實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)、實(shí)時(shí)控制、SCADA、通訊及聯(lián)網(wǎng)、開放數(shù)據(jù)接口、對(duì)I/O設(shè)備的廣泛支持已經(jīng)成為它的主要內(nèi)容監(jiān)控組態(tài)軟件將會(huì)不斷被賦予新
41、的內(nèi)容。國(guó)外組態(tài)軟件:1、InTouch:Wonderware(萬(wàn)維公司) 是 Invensys plc“生產(chǎn)管理”部的一個(gè)運(yùn)營(yíng)單位,是全球工業(yè)自動(dòng)化軟件的領(lǐng)先供應(yīng)商。 Wonderware的InTouch軟件是最早進(jìn)入我國(guó)的組態(tài)軟件。在80年代末、90年代初,基于Windows3.1的InTouch軟件曾讓我們耳目一新,并且InTouch提供了豐富的圖庫(kù)。但是,早期的InTouch軟件采用方式與驅(qū)動(dòng)程序通信,性能較差,最新的InTouch7.0版已經(jīng)完全基于32位的Windows平臺(tái),并且提供了OPC支持。2、WinCC:西門子自動(dòng)化和驅(qū)動(dòng)集團(tuán)(A&D)是世界上最大的西門子集團(tuán),集團(tuán)西門子工
42、業(yè)領(lǐng)域的重要組成部分。西門子的WinCC和一套完整的配置發(fā)展環(huán)境、西門子提供類C語(yǔ)言,包括調(diào)試腳本環(huán)境。WinCC嵌OPC的支持,并且可以用來(lái)進(jìn)行分布式系統(tǒng)配置。但WinCC結(jié)構(gòu)比較復(fù)雜,用戶最好在西門子培訓(xùn)以掌握WinCC應(yīng)用。國(guó)內(nèi)品牌的組態(tài)軟件1。ShiJiXing:通過(guò)北京世紀(jì)長(zhǎng)秋天科技有限公司。發(fā)展。自1999年以來(lái)產(chǎn)品銷售。2 . 3d力控制:通過(guò)北京三維力控制技術(shù)有限公司開發(fā)核心軟件產(chǎn)品,成立于1992年第三。組態(tài)王組態(tài)王:通過(guò)北京和控制技術(shù)發(fā)展有限公司的發(fā)展,公司成立于1997年,目前在國(guó)內(nèi)起到一定的軟件市場(chǎng)地位。4。Realinfo:通過(guò)紫金橋紫金橋軟件技術(shù)有限公司發(fā)展,該公司
43、是由大慶石化廠投資。5。MCGS:北京昆侖通狀態(tài)自動(dòng)機(jī)軟件技術(shù)有限公司。主要是市場(chǎng)發(fā)展,搭配五金銷售。6。還有Controx(開放內(nèi)容),易于控制,等組態(tài)軟件特點(diǎn)隨著工業(yè)自動(dòng)化水平的迅速提高,計(jì)算機(jī)在工業(yè)領(lǐng)域的廣泛應(yīng)用,人們對(duì)工業(yè)自動(dòng)化的要求越來(lái)越高,種類繁多的控制設(shè)備和過(guò)程監(jiān)控裝置在工業(yè)領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用,使得傳統(tǒng)的工業(yè)控制軟件已無(wú)法滿足用戶的各種需求。在開發(fā)傳統(tǒng)的工業(yè)控制軟件時(shí),當(dāng)工業(yè)被控對(duì)象一旦有變動(dòng),就必須修改其控制系統(tǒng)的源程序,導(dǎo)致其開發(fā)周期長(zhǎng);已開發(fā)成功的工控軟件又由于每個(gè)控制項(xiàng)目的不同而使其重復(fù)使用率很低,導(dǎo)致它的價(jià)格非常昂貴;在修改工控軟件的源程序時(shí),倘若原來(lái)的編程人員因工作變動(dòng)而離去
44、時(shí),則必須同其他人員或新手進(jìn)行源程序的修改,因而更是相當(dāng)困難。通用工業(yè)自動(dòng)化組態(tài)軟件的出現(xiàn)為解決上述實(shí)際工程問(wèn)題提供了一種嶄新的方法,因?yàn)樗軌蚝芎玫亟鉀Q傳統(tǒng)工業(yè)控制軟件存在的種種問(wèn)題,使用戶能根據(jù)自己的控制對(duì)象和控制目的的任意組態(tài),完成最終的自動(dòng)化控制工程。組態(tài)(Configuration)為模塊化任意組合。通用組態(tài)軟件主要特點(diǎn):(1)延續(xù)性和可擴(kuò)充性。用通用組態(tài)軟件開發(fā)的應(yīng)用程序,當(dāng)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)(包括硬件設(shè)備或系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu))或用戶需求發(fā)生改變時(shí),不需作很多修改而方便地完成軟件的更新和升級(jí);(2)封裝性(易學(xué)易用),通用組態(tài)軟件所能完成的功能都用一種方便用戶使用的方法包裝起來(lái),對(duì)于用戶,不需掌握太多的編
45、程語(yǔ)言技術(shù)(甚至不需要編程技術(shù)),就能很好地完成一個(gè)復(fù)雜工程所要求的所有功能;(3)通用性,每個(gè)用戶根據(jù)工程實(shí)際情況,利用通用組態(tài)軟件提供的底層設(shè)備(PLC、智能儀表、智能模塊、板卡、變頻器等)的I/O Driver、開放式的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和畫面制作工具,就能完成一個(gè)具有動(dòng)畫效果、實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)處理、歷史數(shù)據(jù)和曲線并存、具有多媒體功能和網(wǎng)絡(luò)功能的工程,不受行業(yè)限制。監(jiān)控組態(tài)軟件日益成為自動(dòng)化硬件廠商爭(zhēng)奪的重點(diǎn)整個(gè)自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)中,軟件所占比重逐漸提高,雖然組態(tài)軟件只是其中一部分,但因其滲透能力強(qiáng)、擴(kuò)展性強(qiáng),近年來(lái)蠶食了很多專用軟件的市場(chǎng)。因此,監(jiān)控組態(tài)軟件具有很高的產(chǎn)業(yè)關(guān)聯(lián)度,是自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)進(jìn)入高端應(yīng)用、擴(kuò)大市場(chǎng)
46、占有率的重要橋梁。在這種思路的驅(qū)使下,西門子的WinCC在市場(chǎng)上取得巨大成功。目前,國(guó)際知名的工業(yè)自動(dòng)化廠商如Rockwell、GE Fanuc、Honeywell、西門子、ABB、施耐德、英維思等均開發(fā)了自己的組態(tài)軟件。監(jiān)控組態(tài)軟件在DCS操作站軟件中所占比重日益提高 。繼FOXBORO之后,Euro therm(歐陸)、Delta V、PCS7等DCS系統(tǒng)紛紛使用通用監(jiān)控組態(tài)軟件作為操作站。同時(shí),國(guó)內(nèi)的DCS廠家也開始嘗試使用監(jiān)控組態(tài)軟件作為操作站。在大學(xué)和科研機(jī)構(gòu),越來(lái)越多的人開始從事監(jiān)控組態(tài)軟件的相關(guān)技術(shù)研究 。從國(guó)內(nèi)自動(dòng)化行業(yè)學(xué)術(shù)期刊來(lái)看,以組態(tài)軟件及與其密切相關(guān)的新技術(shù)為核心的研究
47、課題呈上升趨勢(shì),眾多研究人員的存在,是組態(tài)軟件技術(shù)發(fā)展及創(chuàng)新的重要活躍因素,也一定能夠積累很多技術(shù)成果。無(wú)論是技術(shù)成果還是研究人員,都會(huì)遵循金字塔的規(guī)律,由基礎(chǔ)向高端形成過(guò)渡。這些研究人員和他們的研究成果為監(jiān)控組態(tài)軟件廠商開發(fā)新產(chǎn)品提供了有益的經(jīng)驗(yàn)借鑒,并開拓他們的思路?;贚inux 的監(jiān)控組態(tài)軟件及相關(guān)技術(shù)正在迅速發(fā)展之中,很多廠商都相繼推出成熟的商品,對(duì)組態(tài)軟件業(yè)的格局將產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響。 畢業(yè)實(shí)踐調(diào)研報(bào)告隨著計(jì)算機(jī)軟硬件技術(shù)、信息技術(shù)與制造業(yè)工業(yè)技術(shù)的高速發(fā)展和企業(yè)信息化進(jìn)程的推進(jìn),工業(yè)自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)變得越來(lái)越復(fù)雜,對(duì)自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)的要求也越來(lái)越高。在大型復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)中,如大型工業(yè)生產(chǎn)過(guò)程、計(jì)算機(jī)集
48、成制造系統(tǒng)、工業(yè)流程對(duì)象控制系統(tǒng)等,具有多種形式的復(fù)雜性,在整體結(jié)構(gòu)上表現(xiàn)為非線性、不確定性、無(wú)窮維、分布式及多層次等。由于復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜、變量眾多、信息交錯(cuò),按什么原則將大系統(tǒng)科學(xué)合理地分解為相對(duì)小的子系統(tǒng),而子系統(tǒng)之間又如何協(xié)調(diào),才能保證系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化運(yùn)行和控制,這些都是急待解決的熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題,也是控制工程界熱切關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。 隨著技術(shù)的進(jìn)步,工業(yè)自動(dòng)化軟件技術(shù)正在向智能化、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化和集成化方向飛速發(fā)展,復(fù)雜大系統(tǒng)在網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下運(yùn)行、在網(wǎng)上實(shí)現(xiàn)復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化控制與管理已經(jīng)不是遙遙無(wú)期,而是指日可待。在本次設(shè)計(jì)中對(duì)坐標(biāo)舞臺(tái)的控制就是采用一種新型工業(yè)自動(dòng)化控制器裝置可編程控制器(即PLC)來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)完成的。P
49、LC是在繼電器控制和計(jì)算機(jī)控制的基礎(chǔ)上開發(fā)的產(chǎn)品,逐漸發(fā)展成以微處理器為核心,把自動(dòng)化技術(shù)、計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)、通信技術(shù)融為一體的新型工業(yè)自動(dòng)控制裝置。它把計(jì)算機(jī)的編程靈活、動(dòng)能齊全、應(yīng)用面廣等優(yōu)點(diǎn)與繼電器系統(tǒng)的控制簡(jiǎn)單、使用方便、抗干擾能力強(qiáng)、價(jià)格便宜等優(yōu)點(diǎn)結(jié)合起來(lái),而其本身有具有體積小、重量輕、耗電省等特點(diǎn),在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)過(guò)程控制中的應(yīng)用越來(lái)越廣泛。 機(jī)械手能模仿人手和臂的某些動(dòng)作功能,用以按固定程序抓取、搬運(yùn)物件或操作工具的自動(dòng)操作裝置。機(jī)械手是最早出現(xiàn)的工業(yè)機(jī)器人,也是最早出現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)代機(jī)器人,它可代替人的繁重勞動(dòng)以實(shí)現(xiàn)生產(chǎn)的機(jī)械化和自動(dòng)化,能在有害環(huán)境下操作以保護(hù)人身安全,因而廣泛應(yīng)用于機(jī)械制造、冶
50、金、電子、輕工和原子能等部門。該設(shè)計(jì)是利用PLC控制和MCGS組態(tài)軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)械手對(duì)物體的搬運(yùn)過(guò)程。通過(guò)按鈕來(lái)進(jìn)行對(duì)機(jī)械手的控制,不僅有自動(dòng)控制簡(jiǎn)單方便,而且還有手動(dòng)控制以滿足條件的需要。并且通過(guò)組態(tài)軟件,可以模擬機(jī)械手的控制過(guò)程,更直觀的觀察機(jī)械手的各個(gè)控制過(guò)程。 MCGS的機(jī)械手控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)摘要:MCGS是一種用于快速構(gòu)造和生成嵌入式計(jì)算機(jī)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的組態(tài)軟件,它的組態(tài)環(huán)境能夠在基于Microsoft的各種32位Windows平臺(tái)上運(yùn)行,運(yùn)行環(huán)境則是在實(shí)時(shí)多任務(wù)嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)WindowsCE中運(yùn)行。通過(guò)對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)數(shù)據(jù)的采集處理,以動(dòng)畫顯示、報(bào)警處理、流程控制和報(bào)表輸出等多種方式向用戶提供解決實(shí)際
51、工程問(wèn)題的方案,在自動(dòng)化領(lǐng)域有著廣泛的應(yīng)用,機(jī)械手控制系統(tǒng)具體的實(shí)現(xiàn)是利用PLC控制,通過(guò)PLC控制,使得機(jī)械手能夠按照一定的模式動(dòng)作,經(jīng)過(guò)調(diào)試,最終可以可靠運(yùn)行。MCGS全中文組態(tài)軟件的應(yīng)用,使得用PLC控制的機(jī)械手界面更友好,可操作性更強(qiáng)。關(guān)鍵詞:機(jī)械手,MCGS,PLC,控制畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書目錄1前言 - 122 MCGS組態(tài)軟件和PLC概述 -13 21 MCGS組態(tài)軟件的基本特點(diǎn) - 13 22 MCGS組態(tài)軟件的功能介紹 - 13 23 MCGS的分類和發(fā)展-14 24 PLC特點(diǎn)及功能概述-143 機(jī)械手及控制要求-18 31 機(jī)械手簡(jiǎn)介 -18 32 機(jī)械手的組成 -20 33
52、機(jī)械手的控制要求-214機(jī)械手的軟件系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)-22 41基于MCGS的軟件設(shè)計(jì)及分析-22 42 PLC的選型及指令介紹-26 43 PLC的I/O信號(hào)及軟件設(shè)計(jì)-275 結(jié)束語(yǔ)-29 1前 言MCGS組態(tài)軟件分為三款,分別是MCGS通用版,MCGS網(wǎng)絡(luò)版,MCGS嵌入版。MCGS是北京昆侖通態(tài)數(shù)十位軟件開發(fā)精英,歷時(shí)整整一年時(shí)間,辛勤耕耘的結(jié)晶,MCGS無(wú)論在界面的友好性、內(nèi)部功能的強(qiáng)大性、系統(tǒng)的可擴(kuò)充性、用戶的使用性以及設(shè)計(jì)理念上都有一個(gè)質(zhì)的飛躍,是國(guó)內(nèi)組態(tài)軟件行業(yè)劃時(shí)代的產(chǎn)品,必將帶領(lǐng)國(guó)內(nèi)的組態(tài)軟件上一個(gè)新的臺(tái)階。mcgsTpc有五款,分別是TPC7062K,TPC1062K,TPC10
53、63E,TPC1063H,TPC1262H,TPC1561H。TPC7062k,是一套以嵌入式低功耗CPU為核心(主頻400MHz)的高性能嵌入式一體化觸摸屏。該產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)采用了7英寸高亮度TFT液晶顯示屏(分辨率800480),四線電阻式觸摸屏(分辨率10241024)。 TPC1062K,是一套以嵌入式低功耗CPU為核心(主頻400MHz)的高性能嵌入式一體化觸摸屏。該產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)采用了10.2英寸高亮度TFT液晶顯示屏(分辨率800480),四線電阻式觸摸屏(分辨率10241024)。 TPC1063E,是一套以嵌入式低功耗CPU為核心(主頻400MHz)的高性能嵌入式一體化工控機(jī)。該產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)
54、采用了10.4英寸高亮度TFT液晶顯示屏(分辨率640480),四線電阻式觸摸屏(分辨率10241024)。TPC1063H,是一套以嵌入式低功耗CPU為核心(主頻400MHz)的高性能嵌入式一體化工控機(jī)。該產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)采用了10.4英寸高亮度TFT液晶顯示屏(分辨率640480),四線電阻式觸摸屏(分辨率10241024)。 TPC1262H,是一套以嵌入式低功耗CPU為核心(主頻400MHz)的高性能嵌入式一體化工控機(jī)。該產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)采用了12.1英寸高亮度TFT液晶顯示屏(分辨率800600),四線電阻式觸摸屏(分辨率10241024),以及具有良好的電磁屏蔽性,美觀堅(jiān)固的鋁合金結(jié)構(gòu)。 TPC1
55、561H,是一套以嵌入式低功耗CPU為核心(主頻400MHz)的高性能嵌入式一體化工控機(jī)。該產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)采用了15英寸高亮度TFT液晶顯示屏(分辨率1024768),八線電阻式觸摸屏(分辨率10241024),以及具有良好的電磁屏蔽性,美觀堅(jiān)固的鋁合金結(jié)構(gòu)。組態(tài)軟件控制技術(shù)是一門專業(yè)課,它涉及到自動(dòng)化專業(yè)的多門專業(yè)基礎(chǔ)課:自控原理、檢測(cè)技術(shù)、電力電子技術(shù)、電機(jī)拖動(dòng)、電氣控制、交直流調(diào)速系統(tǒng)、可編程邏輯控制器等。通過(guò)這些專業(yè)課程的學(xué)習(xí),在此次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)中,又使這些課程得到了復(fù)習(xí)、鞏固。掌握所學(xué)知識(shí)并解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題的方法和技能。2 MCGS組態(tài)軟件和PLC概述 MCGS1組態(tài)軟件是北京昆侖通態(tài)自動(dòng)化軟件科
56、技有限公司研發(fā)的一套基于Windows平臺(tái)的,用于快速生成上位機(jī)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的組態(tài)軟件系統(tǒng)。MCGS提供解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題的完整方案和開發(fā)平臺(tái),能夠完成現(xiàn)場(chǎng)數(shù)據(jù)采集、實(shí)時(shí)和歷史數(shù)據(jù)處理、報(bào)警和安全機(jī)制、流程控制、動(dòng)畫顯示、趨勢(shì)曲線和報(bào)表輸出及監(jiān)控等功能,并支持國(guó)內(nèi)外眾多數(shù)據(jù)采集與輸出設(shè)備。PLC2(Programmable Logic Controller),即可編程邏輯控制器,是一種數(shù)字邏輯運(yùn)算操作的電子控制器,專為在工業(yè)環(huán)境應(yīng)用而設(shè)計(jì)的。它采用一類可編程的存儲(chǔ)器,具有存儲(chǔ)程序,執(zhí)行邏輯運(yùn)算,順序控制,定時(shí),計(jì)數(shù)與算術(shù)操作等面向用戶的指令,并通過(guò)數(shù)字或模擬式輸入/輸出控制各種類型的機(jī)械或生產(chǎn)過(guò)程,是工業(yè)控制的核心部分。2.1 MCGS組態(tài)軟件的基本特點(diǎn)和功能MCGS組態(tài)軟件具有以下基本特點(diǎn)和功能:(1)全中文、可視化、面向窗口的組態(tài)開發(fā)界面,符合中國(guó)人的使用習(xí)慣和要求,真正的32位程序,可運(yùn)行于Microsoft Windows95/98/Me/NT/2000等多種操作系統(tǒng)。(2)龐大的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)圖形庫(kù)、完備的繪圖工具、22種不同形式的漸進(jìn)色填充功能以及豐富的多媒體支持,能夠快速地開發(fā)出集圖像、聲音、動(dòng)畫等于一體的豐富多樣、精美的工程畫面。(3)MCGS組態(tài)軟件不僅增添了在運(yùn)
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