高考主謂一致詳解.ppt

1、06年高考語法復(fù)習(xí)系列二,主謂一致,1、用and連接兩個(gè)并列成分； 2、介詞with 伴隨主語； 3、就近原則； 4、各種代詞的主謂一致; 5、短語和從句作主語； 6、定語從句中的主謂一致。,高考考點(diǎn)分析,問題1： When and where to build the new factory _ yet. （1991 NMET） A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided,這個(gè)句子看上去是and連接的兩個(gè)并列短語充當(dāng)主語，本應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式的謂語，但這兩個(gè)短語表達(dá)的是同一事件的兩個(gè)方面，可

2、以看成是一個(gè)整體，因此使用單數(shù)的謂語動(dòng)詞；而從句意可判斷此句謂語動(dòng)詞需使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，,歸納一： 1兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上做主語的單數(shù)名詞用and連接，謂語用復(fù)數(shù) Tom and Dick are good friends. 但若表示一個(gè)集合體時(shí)則用單數(shù)。 A singer and dancer was present at the party. The worker and writer is talking to the students。 Bread and butter tastes good. 類似的表達(dá)式有： ( a needle and thread, a horse and cart,

3、a watch and chain, a coat and tie, truth and honesty, medical help and cure),2用 and 連接的兩個(gè)名詞若被 no, each, every, many a 修飾，則謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 No bird and no beast is seen in the bare island. Many a boy and many a girl has made such a funny experiment. At Christmas each boy and each girl is given a present. 3.

4、如果 and 后面加 no 或 not, 謂語也用單數(shù)形式， My friend, and not hers, is chosen to join the army. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.,問題2： A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift . （1990NMET） A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered,主語后有as well as, like, with, toget

5、her with, but, except, besides,等，謂語應(yīng)于前面主語保持一致 A professor, together with some students, was sent to help in the work. No one but the teachers is allowed to use the room.,問題3： Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another. (1989 ) A. is B. are C. am D. be,以連詞or, ei

6、theror , neither nor, there be, not onlybut also 連接的復(fù)合主語，其謂語與其相鄰的那個(gè)名詞的數(shù)保持一致。 e.g. You or I am to be invited.,問題4： Nobody but Jane _the secret. (1986) A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known,either, neither, each, every 或no + 單數(shù)名詞和由some, any, no, every 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞都作單數(shù)看待。 Each of us has a new pen . E

7、verything around us is matter.,問題5： The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons . (1996 NMET) A. were, was B. was , was C. was, were D. were; were.,a number of 表示“很多”的意思，修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。the number of表示“數(shù)量，號(hào)碼”作主語，其謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。,問題6： _ of the southern hemisphere (南

8、半球) _ with water. A. Four-five; is covered B. Four-fifths; is covered C. Four-fifth, are covered D. Four-fifths, are covered.,由“a lot of , (lots of, plenty of, the rest of ) +名詞”構(gòu)成的短語以及由“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)名詞”構(gòu)成的短語作主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)短語中后面名詞的數(shù)而定。 Three-fourths of the surface is sea .,問題7： All but one _ here just now

9、. (1997 NMET) A. is B .was C. have been D. were,what, who, which, any, more, most, all 等代詞可以是單數(shù)，也可是復(fù)數(shù)，主要依意思而定。 Which is your pen ? 哪是你的筆？ Which are your pens?哪些是你們的筆？ B) All can be done has been done . All have gone to the park .,問題8： He is the only one of the students who _ a winner of scholarship

10、for three years. (02上海春) A. is B. are C. have been D. has been,who, which, that 作定語從句的主語時(shí)，其謂語取決于先行詞。 Those who want to go should sign your names here. He is one of the students who have passed the exam. He is the only one of the students who has passed the exam.,問題9： Mathematics _ the language of sc

11、ience. (1978 ) A. is B. are going to be C. are,以-ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名詞，如“mathematics, politics, physics 以及news, 等，形式上為復(fù)數(shù)，實(shí)際為單數(shù)，它們作主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。 另外：復(fù)數(shù)名詞用作書，電影、戲劇、報(bào)刊、國家等名稱時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 His “Selected Poems”_ first published in 1965. (78) A. were B. was C. has been,問題10 His family _ all football fans. A. is B. has

12、 been C. are being D. are,一些集體名詞做主語，如果看作一個(gè)整體，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；如果指其中的成員，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)但people, police, cattle等只能用復(fù)數(shù) My family is a big family. My family are listening to the radio. The police are trying to catch the thief.,問題11 The rich _ not always happy. A. is B. has C. have D. are,形容詞加定冠詞 the 表示一類人時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 What a life the poor were living! The young are happy to give their seats to the old.,問題12 1. Growing vegetables _ constant watering. A. need B. are needed C. is needed D. needs2. What I say and think _ no business