2016屆二輪復(fù)習 虛擬語氣 課件（安徽專用）.ppt

1、2016屆二輪復(fù)習 虛擬語氣 課件（安徽專用）,1. 考查虛擬語氣的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和常見形式。,2. 考查混合虛擬條件句和隱含虛擬條件句。,3. 考查虛擬語氣和陳述語氣的辨析,從上下文語境辨析說話人的真實語意;考查虛擬語氣和陳述語氣的混合使用。,4. 根據(jù)虛擬語氣提供的條件來確定真實語氣中動詞的形式。,考點1虛擬語氣在虛擬條件句中的應(yīng)用,1.表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè)或現(xiàn)在實現(xiàn)可能性不大的情況,條件從句用動詞過去時(be用were), 主句用“would / should / could / might +動詞原形”。,If I were a bird, I could fly. 要是我是一只鳥的話,

2、我就能飛了。,2.表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè),條件從句用“had +過去分詞”,主句用“would / should / could / might + have + 過去分詞”。,If we had started earlier, we would not have missed the train. 如果我們早點出發(fā),就不會錯過這趟列車了。,3.表示與將來情形相反的假設(shè)或極少有可能實現(xiàn)的情況,條件從句用“動詞過去式或should +動詞原形或were to +動詞原形”,主句用“would / should / could / might +動詞原形”。,If Professor Li s

3、hould have time tomorrow, we could ask him ques-tions.如果李教授明天有時間的話,我們就可以問他問題了。,考點2錯綜時間虛擬句,通常情況下,在非真實條件句中主句和從句的謂語動詞所指時間是一致的,但有時也可能指不同的時間,這時要根據(jù)上下文的意思采用不同的謂語動詞形式。,If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now. 如果今天上午帶上雨衣的話,我現(xiàn)在就不會淋濕了。(從句指過去,主句指現(xiàn)在),考點3含蓄條件句,有時假設(shè)的情況并不以條件從句表示,而是由o

4、therwise, or, but, without, but for等來引導(dǎo)。,But for your advice, I could not have done it so successfully. 要是沒有你的建議,我就不會那么成功地完成它。,I was so busy then, otherwise / or I would have helped you. 那時我太忙了,否則我就會幫助你們了。,注1:當suggest表示“暗示;表明”,用陳述語氣。,The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our wor

5、k.,注2:當insist表示“強調(diào);堅持(某種觀點、看法)”時,用陳述語氣。,John insisted that his wallet had been stolen by Bob.(陳述語氣),考點4條件狀語從句的省略,在書面語中,如果虛擬條件從句里含有should, had, were時,則可將從屬連詞if省去,將這三個詞放在句首形成部分倒裝。,Were he in your position, hed have done the same.如果他在你的位置上,他也會那么做。,考點5賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中的虛擬語氣,在suggest, propose, recommend,

6、demand, request, require, com-,mand, order, insist, desire, urge 等詞的賓語從句中,要用“(should +)動詞原形”來表示愿望、建議、命令、要求等。由上述動詞派生或轉(zhuǎn)化的名詞的同位語從句或表語從句也要用相應(yīng)的虛擬形式。,She suggests that we (should) give up the plan. 她建議我們放棄這項計劃。,Her suggestion is that we (should) give up the plan.她的建議是讓我們放棄這個計劃。,I agree to her suggestion t

7、hat we (should) give up the plan. 我贊成她讓我們放棄這個計劃的建議。,考點6主語從句中的虛擬語氣,在“It is / was + 某些形容詞/過去分詞+ that從句”句型中,that從句中的謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣,即“(should+)動詞原形”,表示驚奇、遺憾、懷疑、不滿等。這些形容詞有:important, necessary, es-sential, natural, strange, advisable, desirable, possible, probable, aston-ishing, surprising; 過去分詞有:desired, su

8、ggested, requested, recom-mended, ordered, proposed, decided等。,It is strange that she shouldnt have been invited. 她竟然沒有被邀請,真是奇怪。,考點7虛擬語氣在動詞wish后的賓語從句中的應(yīng)用,在wish后面的賓語從句中,表示很難實現(xiàn)的愿望,通?？梢宰g成“但愿”,“要是就好了”,“可惜”等。從句的謂語形式如下:,1.表示現(xiàn)在:用過去式,He wishes that he were a scientist.,2.表示將來:用“could / would +動詞原形”,I wish I

9、 could fly to the moon one day in the future.,3.表示過去:用過去完成時,I wish I had come earlier.,考點8if only引起的感嘆句中的虛擬語氣,在if only引起的感嘆句中,謂語動詞也用虛擬語氣,其用法同wish的賓語從句的虛擬形式相同。,If only the driver didnt drive so fast!司機要是不開那么快就好了。,考點9虛擬語氣在would rather后接從句中的用法,1.從句指過去,用過去完成時,Id rather you had seen me.,2.從句指現(xiàn)在、將來,用一般過去時

10、,Id rather you went with me tomorrow.,考點10as if / though引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中的虛擬語氣,在as if / though引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中,謂語動詞與wish的賓語從句的虛擬形式相同。,He speaks English as if he were an American. 他說起英語來就像他是美國人似的。,考點11look, seem等系動詞后的“as if / though”從句中的虛擬語氣,在look, seem等系動詞后的“as if / though”引導(dǎo)的從句,當表示真實情況時,用陳述語氣;否則就用虛擬語氣。,It seems as

11、if they know each other. 他們好像彼此認識。(真實情況),It seems as if it were already spring. 好像已經(jīng)是春天了。(虛擬語氣),考點12“It is (about / high) + that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中的虛擬語氣,在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中,謂語動詞常用過去式表示虛擬語氣。,It is high time that people leant English. 到了人們學(xué)英語的時候了。,考點13in case, for fear that, lest等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中的虛擬語氣,在in case, for fear that, lest等引導(dǎo)的

12、目的狀語從句中,謂語動詞用“should +動詞原形”的形式,也可用動詞的一般現(xiàn)在式或一般過去式。,He handled the instrument with care for fear that it should be damaged. 他小心地拿著儀器,生怕把它摔碎了。,1.(2011北京) Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.,A.studiedB.would study,C.had studied D.was studying,【答案與解析】C句意:如果

13、我當時學(xué)的理科而不是文科,那么我現(xiàn)在就可以給你更多的幫助了。根據(jù)then一詞可以確定此處表示與過去事實相反,if引導(dǎo)的從句用had +過去分詞。,2.(2011陜西) I through that bitter period without your gen-erous help.,A.couldnt have goneB.didnt go,C.wouldnt go D.hadnt gone,【答案與解析】A句意:如果沒有你的慷慨相助的話,我不可能熬過那段艱苦的日子。without your generous help相當于含蓄條件句if it hadnt been for your gene

14、rous help, 此處表示與過去事實相反,所以主句部分應(yīng)采用couldnt have done 結(jié)構(gòu),表示“本不可能”。,3.(2011福建)Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.,I it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.,A.attended,B.had attended,C.would attend,D.would have attended,【答案與解析】D句意:“很可惜,你錯過了這次有關(guān)核污染的演講?！薄拔冶緛硪獏⒓?但忙于準備工作面試。”根據(jù)but后面的內(nèi)容可

15、知,設(shè)空處為與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣,用would have done。,4.(2011北京) Where are the children? The dinners going to be completely ruined.,I wish they always late.,A.werent B.hadnt been,C.wouldnt be D.wouldnt have been,【答案與解析】A句意:“孩子們都到哪里去了?這頓飯就要被他們徹底破壞了?！薄拔蚁Ｍ麄儾灰偸沁t到?！北绢}考查虛擬語氣。wish后跟that從句采用虛擬語氣,與現(xiàn)在事實相反的用一般過去時,與過去事實相反的用過去完成時。本題表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反,所以用一般過去時。,5.(2011江西) We Johns na