Chapter 2 詞的省略

1、TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES,Chapter 2 詞的省略,1.省略重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞語(yǔ),1. 1. 有時(shí)可將重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞語(yǔ)抽取出來(lái)合譯為一個(gè)英語(yǔ)詞匯或詞組，這種方法類(lèi)似于數(shù)學(xué)中的“提取公因式”。提取公因式不僅適用于外形完全相同的詞語(yǔ)，而且也可用于外形上不同但在語(yǔ)義上相同或相近的詞語(yǔ)。例如：,我們要忠于黨、忠于人民、忠于祖國(guó)。We should be loyal to our party, to our people and to our motherland.大力提倡社會(huì)公德、職業(yè)道德和家庭道德。We should vigorously advocate social, occup

2、ational and family ethics.,2. 對(duì)于原文中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞語(yǔ)也可以采用代詞來(lái)替換它以避免重復(fù)。,學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的方法和學(xué)習(xí)游泳的方法一樣，必須把實(shí)踐放在第一位。The way of learning the English language is the same as that of learning swimming: Practice must be put first.,2. 省略表示范疇的詞語(yǔ),漢語(yǔ)中有些名詞如“問(wèn)題”、“制度”、“任務(wù)”、“工作”、“情況”、“狀態(tài)”、“局面”等，在有具體的含義時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)翻譯出來(lái)，但當(dāng)它們被用來(lái)表示范疇的時(shí)候，一般都失去了具體意義，通常

3、可以不譯。,多年來(lái)那個(gè)國(guó)家一直有嚴(yán)重的失業(yè)現(xiàn)象。For many years there has been serious unemployment in that country.收入分配關(guān)系沒(méi)有理順。The distribution of income needs to be straightened out.,3. 省略影響修辭效果的詞語(yǔ),“貪官污吏”：corrupt officials, “精疲力竭”：exhaustion, “街談巷議”：street gossip 取之不盡、用之不竭 inexhaustible 沉魚(yú)落雁之容，閉月羞花之貌 beautiful / put the fl

4、owers to shame,4. 省略其意義已隱含在上下文其他詞語(yǔ)里的成分,有時(shí)候漢語(yǔ)原文本身并沒(méi)有語(yǔ)義上的不必要的重復(fù)，但在英語(yǔ)中可以找到能包含兩層意義的詞匯。選用這樣的詞匯可以使譯文更為精煉。,推動(dòng)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)、加工和銷(xiāo)售的有機(jī)結(jié)合。We should integrate the production, processing and marketing of agricultural products.,習(xí)題:,1. 他付出許多，也得到許多，不僅為自己也為祖國(guó)贏得榮譽(yù)。 2. 參與并取勝，這就是奧林匹克精神。 3.我們必須培養(yǎng)分析問(wèn)題、解決問(wèn)題的能力。,1. He gets as much

5、 as he gives, winning honors not only for himself but also for his country. 2. To participate and win that is the Olympic spirit. 3. We must cultivate the ability to analyze and solve problems.,4. 我廠生產(chǎn)的地毯圖案新穎、色調(diào)雅致、美麗大方、富麗堂皇。 5.我們應(yīng)該發(fā)展新興產(chǎn)業(yè)和高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)，把開(kāi)發(fā)新技術(shù)、新產(chǎn)品、新產(chǎn)業(yè)同開(kāi)拓市場(chǎng)結(jié)合起來(lái),4. The carpets made in our factory are well known for their novel designs, elegant colors, beautiful looks and magnificent air. 5. We should develop rising and high-tech industries as well as combining the efforts to