course 3.ppt

1、attempt,extend,appeal,blame,humor,sense,punch,variation,alive,persist,Word Study,humor,幽默；詼諧,n.,attempt,n. 努力，嘗試,n./ v.,(L4),n./ v.,sense,n.見識；判斷力；領(lǐng)悟,v. 感覺到，覺察到，意識到,(L16),extend,(L5 ),(L 24),（空間、時間的）延長，擴展,extended adj.,punch,n.,(L34 )-Punch Line,v. 試圖，企圖,(故事,戲劇,笑話 等中的) 妙語,v.,appeal,blame,variation,a

2、live,persist,(L44),(L87),(L102),(L102),(L102),v.,吸引，引起的興趣,n.,變體,v./ n.,v. 把歸咎于,adj.,n. 責備,alive and well,盛行的，依然存在的,v.,持續(xù),humor (n.) (capacity to cause or feel) amusement 幽默；詼諧 sense of humor: 幽默感,詞匯擴充,humorous (adj.) (Line 21, Para. 5) 幽默的,humorless (adj.) (Line 19, Para. 3) 缺乏幽默感的,humorist (n.) (Li

3、ne 65, Para. 10) 幽默(作)家, 有敏銳幽默感的人,(很)有幽默感：, have a (good/great/keen) sense of humor,沒有幽默感：, have no sense of humor,Can you make a sentence ?,black humor/dark humor/sick humor 黑色幽默,黑色幽默，是一種哭笑不得的幽默，20世紀60年代美國重要的文學(xué)流派。 “黑色幽默”作為一種美學(xué)形式，屬于喜劇范疇，但又是一種帶有悲劇色彩的變態(tài)的喜劇?！昂谏哪钡漠a(chǎn)生是與60年代美國的動蕩不安相聯(lián)系的。,該文學(xué)流派代表作： Joseph

4、Heller:Catch-22,在當代美語中，Catch-22已作為一個獨立的單詞，使用頻率極高，用來形容任何自相矛盾、不合邏輯的規(guī)定或條件所造成的無法擺脫的困境、難以逾越的障礙，表示人們處于左右為難的境地，或者是一件事陷入了死循環(huán)，或者跌進邏輯陷阱，等等。,They complain of being in a catch-22 situation. 他們抱怨他們處在一種擺脫不了的困境。,黑色幽默電影 1 Pulp Fiction 低俗小說 2 Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels 兩桿大煙槍 3 Full Metal Jacket 全金屬外殼 4 The

5、Big Lebowski 謀殺綠腳趾 5 La Vita bella 美麗人生 6 Fight Club 搏擊俱樂部 7 City on Fire 龍虎風云 8 Dr. Strange-love 奇愛博士 9 The Truman Show 楚門的世界,dry sense of humor：冷幽默/缺乏幽默感,Guys enjoy a sarcastic woman; Women tend to like guys with a dry sense of humor; Men prefer women who use guy humor - sarcastic, juvenile, geeky

6、 or raw - whereas women prefer guys who use gal humor“- sarcastic, dry or ironic.,男人喜歡愛挖苦人的女人；,女人喜歡搞冷幽默的男人；,男人更喜歡有“男子幽默”的女人，即愛挖苦人、幼稚、讓人生厭或者大大咧咧。女人則更喜歡男人擁有“女子幽默”，即愛挖苦人、說冷笑話或者諷刺人。,to make an effort; try to do something, esp. without succeeding 試圖，企圖,2. attempt,vt.,e.g. He attempted the exam but failed

7、.,e.g. He attempted to get in touch with them but without success.,He has attempted a difficult task.,他試著開始一項艱難的工作。,Exercise,He attempted swimming across the river.,他試圖要游過河去。,Can you make a sentence?,an effort made to do something., esp. something difficult 努力，嘗試,n.,in an attempt to,e.g. He didnt pa

8、ss the exam, but it was a good attempt.,e.g. He studied hard in an attempt to pass the exam.,make an attempt at doing/to do sth.,Expressions: an attempt on/upon/against sbs life 企圖謀殺某人 an attempted murder/suicide 殺人/自殺未遂,a maiden attempt,場景演練,To save her father, Beauty begged the Beast to keep her a

9、s his prisoner instead, and in the following days, they stayed together and things happened between them,The beast invite beauty to join him for dinner.,請用attempt及其相關(guān)詞組完成以下句子,attempted to/ made an attempt to,During the dinner, the Beast be a gentleman.,attempted to,Beauty taught the Beast to read ma

10、ke him much more polite and gentle.,in an attempt to,It was the Beasts to get along well with those small and cute birds .,maiden attempt,They made an attempt at dancing and gradually fell in love with each other.,對比記憶,tempt,tempt (v.) (Line 28, Para. 4) 1) to try to persuade someone to do something

11、 which maybe unwise or immoral 引誘, 誘惑,常用結(jié)構(gòu)：be tempted to do sth. 某人被誘惑（誘騙）做某事,請完成下面的句子。,Exercise,That boy _ become a thief. 那個男孩兒受人誘騙而成了一名小偷。,was tempted to,2) try to persuade someone to do something by making it seem attractive 吸引, 引起的興趣,請完成下面的句子。,Exercise,The fine weather and beautiful scenery _.

12、不錯的天氣和美麗的景色 吸引著我們到戶外去。,tempted us to go outside,名詞形式：temptation 誘惑物；有誘惑的東西,3. sense (n.) (Line 16, Para.3) 1) good practical understanding and judgment 見識；判斷力；領(lǐng)悟（常與of連用） sense of : 感,Translation,在兒童時代就培養(yǎng)是非感是相當重要的。,Cultivating the moral sense in the childhood is quite important.,Textbook P 16 : 2,sen

13、se of balance 平衡感,sense of belonging 歸屬感,sense of crisis 危機感,sense of harmony 和諧感,sense of style 時尚感,2) a way in which a person can know about the physical world, for example, through sight or hearing 官能；感官 （如視覺，聽覺，嗅覺，味覺及觸覺）,That agent has a keen sense of hearing.,那位特工(agent)聽覺敏銳。,Translation,As we

14、know, dogs have a good sense of smell.,如我們所知，狗的嗅覺很靈敏。,口語（不可數(shù)的合成名詞），意為“常識”。,實用鏈接,1. “horse sense”,Grandpa knows a lot of horse sense.,Its horse sense that the earth goes around the sun.,Englishs horse sense 一些英文習慣用法,2. It makes sense.,說某事有道理，講得通，有意義時，可以用該句型。當然“沒意義，講不通”就可以說It doesnt make sense.或it mak

15、es no sense。,It makes sense to take care of your health.,Your explanation doesnt make sense.,(v.) (Line 94, Para.12) to have a feeling about something without being told directly = be aware of 感覺到，覺察到，意識到,adj. Sensitive: be sensitive to 對敏感,Photographic film is very .,sensitive to light,2) Their sta

16、y extended into the new year. 他們的停留期延長到新年期間。,1. (of space, land, time, etc.) to reach, stretch, or continue （空間、時間的）延長，擴展,4. extend,v.,(extended, extension, extensive),1) This road extends to the port. 這條路一直延伸到港口。,1) 他們把地鐵延長到郊區(qū)。,They extended the subway to the suburbs.,2) 我們將會議再延長20分鐘。,We extended t

17、he meeting another 20 minutes.,Exercise,2. to stretch out (a part of ones body) to the limit 伸出，展開（手、腳等）,e.g. The lady extended her hand to the guest. 那位女士伸出手來和客人握手。,3. (formal) to give or offer (help, friendship, etc.) 正式 給予（幫助、友誼等）,The kind people extended help to the refugees.,好心人們向難民(refugee)伸出援

18、手。,e.g. Wed like to extend a warm welcome to our French visitors.,Exercise,廣播體操的伸展運動就可以用extend這個詞： Extending exercise: Extend your arms forward.,實用鏈接,“學(xué)習知識”地道說法是什么?,翻譯：We need to study/learn knowledge well at school.,翻譯：We need to acquire/gain knowledge well at school.,broaden/ extend/improve/increa

19、se knowledge,拓寬知識面，增加了解,Expressions: extend ones business extend ones congratulations to extend condolences/sympathies extend credit to sb. extend thanks to sb. extension courses: a course done by people who cannot study full time an extensive knowledge of extended family,擴大營業(yè),向祝賀,致哀/慰唁,向某人提供貸款,（正式地

20、）向某人致謝,大學(xué)附設(shè)部分課程,淵博的知識,大家庭（包括外祖父母、姑、姨等在內(nèi)）,2. to cut a hole in something 打孔,5. punch,v. effective power 感染力,e.g. The speech was OK, but it had no real punch.,那演講還行，但沒有真正的感染力。,e.g. The boy got a punch on the jaw. 那男孩下顎挨了一拳。,Expressions:,fruit punch,果汁噴趣酒(清涼飲料),加入牛奶,糖,和酒的飲料,乳酒,milk punch,sunday punch,對付

21、敵人最厲害的一著, 殺手锏,非?？鞓返?throw a punch,用拳頭瞄準某人,as pleased as punch,1. to make a strong request for help, support, mercy, etc. 懇請，懇求，呼吁,6.appeal,v.,她哀求綁架者釋放她的兒子。,e.g. She appealed to the kidnappers to release her son.,2. not in progressive forms to please, attract, or interest,e.g. The film is intended to

22、 appeal to kids and adults who are fans of Doraemon.,這部電影的觀眾對象是多啦A夢迷們。,Can you make a sentence?,3. to make a formal request to a court or someone in authority to change the decision（提出）上訴，申訴,e.g. The defendant has appealed against a three-year sentence.,被告不服3年的判決而上訴。,Expressions: appeal to sbs bette

23、r nature / sense of honor / sense of justice 喚起某人的良知/榮譽感/正義感 lodge/enter an appeal 提出上訴 appealing look/voice 求助的目光/語氣,The White House has great popular appeal, a number of families have expressed a desire to set in at anytime - the Goldwaters, the Nixon, the Regons, and many others.,Every man wants

24、a woman to appeal to his better side, his nobler instincts and his higher nature - and another woman to help him forget them.,幽默語句記單詞,每個男人都想要一個女人迎合他好的一面：顯示他高尚的本能和高貴的天性需要另一個女人幫助他忘掉這一切。注：諷刺一些道貌岸然的人。,白宮具有很大的吸引力，很多家庭都表達了隨時搬進去的愿望Goldwater家，尼克松家，里根家,Junior lawyer: Justice has triumphed!Senior partner: App

25、eal at once!,Im kind of like the Supreme Court No appeal!,年輕律師：正義勝利了！資深律師合伙人：立即上訴！注：干了很多年律師已經(jīng)養(yǎng)成了職業(yè)習慣，一聽見別人勝利了，馬上就要上訴。,我象是最高法院一樣。沒有吸引力。注：appeal吸引力；上訴。最高法院審理的案子沒地方再上訴了。一個女人這樣調(diào)侃自己。,7.variation (n.) (Line 87, Para. 12) a change in degree, amount, or quantity 變更, 變化, 變異, 變種,Translation,我們必須密切注意速度的變化。,We

26、must keep a close watch at the variations in speed.,澳大利亞英語實際上是英國英語的一個變種。,The Australian English is actually one of the variations of the British English.,variety (n.) difference in quantity, type, or character 多樣化，指一類當中的多樣或多 種（常用結(jié)構(gòu) a variety of=various 各 種各樣的；種種）,Translation,在那個展覽會上可以看到各種 各樣的鉆石制品。,A

27、 variety of diamond products can be seen at the exhibition.,詞義辨析,variable (n.) something that can vary in quantity or size變數(shù), 可變物, 變量,由于諸多變數(shù)的存在，很難預(yù)測選舉的結(jié)果。,There are too many variables to predict the result of the election.,Translation,比賽的勝利依賴于包括天氣在內(nèi)的很多因素。,The victory of the match depends on a number

28、 of variables, such as the weather.,Exercise,The result of the match relies on lots of _.,variables,There was a _ of dishes on the menu.,variety,The _ of temperature today is 10 degrees.,variation,請用 variation , variety或 variable填空。,to consider somebody or something responsible for something bad 把歸咎

29、于,(blameless, blameworthy),8. blame v. active 活躍的；充滿活力的,e.g. Although he is eighty, he is still very much alive. 他雖有八十歲了,但仍然充滿了活力。,3. continue to exist 仍然存在的,e.g. Ancient traditions are still very much alive in rural areas.,古老的傳統(tǒng)在農(nóng)村地區(qū)仍然保存得非常完好。,Expressions: come alive 變得有趣/逼真/有生氣；（城市等）變得繁忙 be alive

30、and well/kicking 健康愉快/健康活躍、活蹦亂跳 be alive to having full knowledge of; aware 意識到，注意到 be alive with be full of people, animals, or things that are moving 充滿了，到處都是,Can you make sentences with theses phrases?,having life; existing or continuing in operation or action alive是表語形容詞，既可以與表示人的名詞或代詞連用，也可以與表示物的

31、名詞或代詞連用。 例如： He is dead, but his dog is still alive. 他死了，但他的狗仍然活著。 當alive用作定語時，一般放在它所修飾的名詞之后，此時alive含有“在所有活著的之中”的意思。 例如： Who is the greatest man alive？誰是當今活著的最偉大的人？ 注意：alive主要用來說明生與死之間的界限。 如： The child was found alive by the road side. 有人發(fā)現(xiàn)路邊那孩子還活著。,詞匯辨析 alive, living,alive,means having life; full o

32、f vigor living既可用作表語形容詞，又可用作定語形容詞，故可放在它所修飾的名詞之前，修飾人或物均可；living前加the可用作復(fù)數(shù)名詞，意為“活著的人”。 例如：The living things refers to plants, animals and so on. 生物指的是植物、動物等。 The living are the happiest. 活著的人最幸福。 注意：living主要說明“尚在人間”、“健在”這一現(xiàn)在的情況。 如： Is your grandfather still living?你爺爺還健在嗎？ 。,living,e.g. If you persist

33、 in causing trouble, the company may be forced to dismiss you.,10. persist v.,1. (in) to continue doing something with determination in spite of opposition 堅持； 執(zhí)意,2. to continue to exist or happen,e.g. This stormy weather will persist for a couple of days.,如果你執(zhí)意制造麻煩，公司可能不得不解雇你。,這種風雨交加的天氣會持續(xù)三天。,Can y

34、ou make a sentence?,(persistent, persistence),continue firmly in spite of opposition or warning; continue to exist persist: 后接in 用于褒義指堅持繼續(xù)做某事，有時用于貶義，指不聽勸告，頑固堅持。用于事物時，表示持續(xù)存在下去的意思。 Despite hardships, she persisted in her efforts to get a college education. 她不顧種種困難，堅持不懈地爭取受大學(xué)教育。,詞匯辨析 persist ， persevere，and insist,persist,continue firmly in doing something hard in spite of difficulties persevere:后接in或on 含褒義，強調(diào)堅持不懈的努力。暗示毅力或恒心等令人欽佩。 Talent is worthless unless you persevere in developing it. 除非你堅持不懈地發(fā)揮天賦，