謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài).ppt

1、謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) Verb Tenses,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(The Simple Present Tense) 一般過去式(The Simple Past Tense) 一般將來時(shí)(The Simple Future Tense),一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(The Simple Present Tense),一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示主語的狀態(tài)，特征，經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，或表示真理。如： He is fourteen. He is at school. 他14歲了，在上學(xué)。 Do you go to school at 7:00 every day? 他每天7點(diǎn)鐘去上學(xué)嗎？ She doesnt like apples. 她

2、不喜歡蘋果 The earth moves round the sun. 地球繞著太陽運(yùn)行。,謂語動(dòng)詞形式,謂語動(dòng)詞用原形； 當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞原形詞尾有加-s的變化。 規(guī)則動(dòng)詞在詞尾加-s。在清輔音后讀/ s /, 在濁輔音及元音后面讀/ z /. 在t后面讀/ ts /, 在d后面讀 / dz /. helphelps swimswims knowknows getgets riderides,以字母s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加-es，動(dòng)詞原形已有e。只加s，讀/iz/;以o結(jié)尾的的動(dòng)詞加es，讀/z/,Guessguesses Fixfixes teachteaches Wa

3、shwashes Closecloses gogoes,輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先變y為i，再加-es，讀/z/.,flyflies carrycarries studystudies * 動(dòng)詞be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)是am，is，are；動(dòng)詞have的第三人稱單數(shù)形式是has。,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)口訣,動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生（的）事。 三單人稱作主語，動(dòng)詞后加-s或-es。 主語之后是謂語，肯定陳述的語序， 一般疑問do當(dāng)先，否定謂語前dont添。,動(dòng)詞加-s或-es方法口訣,動(dòng)詞三單現(xiàn)在式，一般詞尾加-s。 s, x, ch, sh在結(jié)尾，直接加上-es。 詞尾若是字母o，加上-es不用愁。 “輔音

4、字母+y”來結(jié)尾，變y為i是正規(guī)， -es后邊緊跟隨，study-studies看明白。,Exercise,His sister _ kind of her neighbors. A. am B. are C. is D. be 2. Is your father a doctor? -Yes, he is. He _ in town hospital. A. has worked B. had worked C. works D. worked 3. If we _ the smaller computer, well change it in a few years time. A. wi

5、ll buy B. buying C. buy D. may buy,4.Mary _ breakfast now. She often _ breakfast at 7:30. A. is having, have B. is having, has c. has, has,寫下下列動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)第三人稱 come_ say_ buy_ go_ Make_ cost_ pass_ guess_ carry_ rush_ catch _ stop_,Comes says buys goes makes costs passes guesses carries rushes stops,一般過去時(shí),

6、一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作和存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用，如yesterday，last night，in 1989， two days ago等。 My teacher wasnt at home last Saturday. She was in the library. 我的老師上周六不在家，她在圖書館。 He got up at 6 this morning. 他今天早晨六點(diǎn)起床。 -Did you go to the supermarket yesterday? -Yes, I did. / No, I didnt. 你昨天去超市了嗎？是的，我去了。/ 不，我沒去

7、。,一般過去時(shí)要用動(dòng)詞的過去式，規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的詞尾加-ed，不規(guī)則的要逐個(gè)記憶。,1. 一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加-ed，-ed的讀音有三種： 原詞尾音為輔音，-ed讀作/t/. work /w3: k/ worked /w3: kt/ 原詞尾音為濁輔音或是元音，-ed讀/d/ turn /t3:n/ turned /t3:nd/ play /pleI/ played /pleId/ 原詞尾音為/t/肯/d/, -ed 讀作/id/ want /wDnt/ wanted / wDntId / need / ni:d/ needed /ni:dId/,2. 結(jié)尾是e的動(dòng)詞加-d,useused livel

8、ived Hopehoped 3、重讀閉音節(jié)詞，單輔音字母結(jié)尾胡動(dòng)詞，結(jié)尾的輔音字母雙寫后加-ed stopstopped planplanned triptripped traveltravelled,4. 結(jié)尾是“輔音字母+ y”的動(dòng)詞，先變y 為i，再加-ed, 讀/d/.,studystudied carrycarried worryworried 常見的不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式變化表: am/iswas arewere gowent havehad dodid getgot comecame saysaid seesaw putput eatate taketook swimswam,Ex

9、ercise,1. Some boys _(swim) in the lake yesterday. 2. He _ (get up) at 6 this morning. 3. A month ago, I _ (come) to our school.,一般將來時(shí),一般將來時(shí)表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常與表示將來胡時(shí)間狀語連用,如: tomorrow, next week, next Sunday等. I shall go to Dalian next week. 我下周要去大連開會(huì)。 We shall have a class meeting tomorrow. 我們明天

10、開班會(huì)。,一般將來時(shí)的構(gòu)成, 一般將來時(shí)由“助動(dòng)詞 shall/will + 動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。主語是第一人稱（I 和 we）時(shí)，常用助動(dòng)詞shall，也可用will。其他人稱用will。 We shall have a football match next week. 我們下周有足球賽。 He wont come back until 5:30. 他5點(diǎn)半才會(huì)回來。 Shall I open the window? 要我打開窗戶嗎？, 用“be going to + 動(dòng)詞圓形” 表示將要發(fā)生的事或打算，計(jì)劃，決定要做的事,What are you going to do next Satur

11、day? 你下周六干什么？ We are going to meet at the school gate. 我們將在校門口見面。 Hes not going to have any classes next week. 他下周沒課。,shall/will 和 be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別,二者均可用來表示將來的意圖，但是“be going to” 結(jié)構(gòu)語義稍強(qiáng)些。 I am going to /will climb that mountain one day. 我準(zhǔn)備/想將來某一天去爬那座山。 對(duì)于事先經(jīng)過考慮胡打算，計(jì)劃，意圖，應(yīng)使用be going to，而不用will/shall

12、結(jié)構(gòu)。 -why are you taking down all the pictures? -I am going to repaint the wall. 你為何取下所有畫？ 伙打算再粉刷一下墻體。（粉刷墻體是取下畫之前就已經(jīng)考慮好的打算）, 對(duì)于事先未經(jīng)考慮的打算，計(jì)劃，而是臨時(shí)起意，則用will/shall結(jié)構(gòu)而不用be going to結(jié)構(gòu)。,-Where is the telephone book? -Ill go and get it for you. 電話號(hào)碼薄在哪? 我去拿給你。 （這種用法常用于會(huì)話時(shí)，乙聽了甲的畫之后做出的反應(yīng)。）,在表示即將發(fā)生某事時(shí)，兩者區(qū)別意義不大，

13、多可互換。,-what is going to happen? 就要發(fā)生什么事？ -what will happen？ 將要發(fā)生什么事？ (一般來說，Be going to 表示較近的將來，而will則表示較遠(yuǎn)胡將來。 ) It is going to rain tonight. There will be a heavy snow in a few days. 今晚要下雨 幾天后將會(huì)有一場(chǎng)大雪, 在含有條件（時(shí)間）狀語從句的復(fù)合句中，主語一般一般使用will/shall結(jié)構(gòu)表示將來，而不用be going to,If it rains tomorrow, well stay at home.

14、 明天如果下雨，我們將呆在家里。 （在條件（時(shí)間）狀語從句中，不能使用will/shall結(jié)構(gòu)表示將來，但可以用be going to結(jié)構(gòu)） If you are going to play football this afternoon, youd better wear your sport shoes., 表示不受主觀意愿影響胡單純將來，一般只能用will結(jié)構(gòu),明天是教師節(jié) Tomorrow will be Teachers Day. 在正式的通知（如新聞媒體公布的消息，氣象預(yù)報(bào)等），多用will。 淮河以北有大風(fēng) There will be a strong wind to the north of Huai River.,Exercise,1. It _ be Wednesday tomorrow. 2. She has bought some cloth; she _