2011屆高考英語(yǔ)第一輪單元考點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)33

1、Module 4 Unit 3Tomorrows world,重點(diǎn)單詞,1set vt.為(電影、戲劇、小說(shuō)等)設(shè)置背景，確定；決定，創(chuàng)造 【用法拓展】 (1)set an alarm clock上鬧鐘set a world record創(chuàng)世界紀(jì)錄 (2)set up建立；創(chuàng)辦；創(chuàng)設(shè)；搭起 set down記下；寫(xiě)下 set out出發(fā)；啟程 set out to do sth.開(kāi)始做某事；著手做某事 set off出發(fā) set fire to sth.把點(diǎn)燃 set an example to sb.為某人樹(shù)立榜樣,(3)set about開(kāi)始；開(kāi)始或出發(fā) set about solving

2、 the problem著手解決問(wèn)題 The author set her story in Detroit.作者的故事以底特律為背景。美國(guó)傳統(tǒng) They set June 9 as the date for the wedding. 他們把婚期定在6月9日。美國(guó)傳統(tǒng) The Kenyan runner set a new Olympic record in the 3,000 metres. 肯尼亞選手創(chuàng)下了3 000米賽跑的奧林匹克新記錄。 In order to get up early to catch the train，he set the alarm for 5 oclock i

3、n the morning. 為了早起趕上火車(chē)，他把鬧鐘調(diào)到早上五點(diǎn)。,即學(xué)即用,完成句子 The novel which _ _ _(以為 背景)prewar London will be published next month. 答案：is set in,2burn vi.&vt.燃燒；燙傷；發(fā)熱/光 【用法拓展】 burn down 燒光，把燒成平地，(火力)漸弱 burn off 燒掉某物 burn.to death 把燒死 burn.to the ground 把燒成平地 After the big fire，the whole city was burned to the gro

4、und. 大火過(guò)后，整座城市被燒成平地。 I burned my fingers with a match.我劃火柴時(shí)燒傷了手指。 美國(guó)傳統(tǒng) The sun burned bright in the sky.太陽(yáng)當(dāng)空照耀。美國(guó)傳統(tǒng),即學(xué)即用,Dont forget you can still get _ when you are swimming. Aburning Bburnt Cbeing burnt Dto be burnt 答案：B,3impress vt.給留下深刻印象；使欽佩 【用法拓展】 (1)impress sb.with/by sth.以某物給某人印象 be impresse

5、d with/by 因?yàn)槟澄锪粝掠∠?(2)impression n. 印象 have/leave/make an impression on sb.給某人留下印象 have a good impression of sb.對(duì)某人有好印象 the first impression of 對(duì)的第一印象 (3)impressive adj.有印象的，印象深刻的 One candidate in particular impressed us with her knowledge. 一位候選人的淵博的知識(shí)給我們留下了深刻印象。 The coach impressed upon the team th

6、e importance of teamwork. 教練使隊(duì)員們認(rèn)識(shí)到團(tuán)隊(duì)精神的重要性。美國(guó)傳統(tǒng) I was deeply impressed by/with his speech.他的演說(shuō)給我留下了 深刻印象。 When it comes to job interviews，first impressions are important. 當(dāng)談及面試時(shí)，第一印象是非常重要的。,即學(xué)即用,The actor _ us greatly with his wonderful performance and excellent English. Amoved Binterested Cimpress

7、ed Dtouched 答案：C The opening ceremony of our school sports meet is impressed _ my mind. Ato Bover Cby Don 答案：D,4deliver v遞送；發(fā)表；解放；交付；接生 【用法拓展】 deliver sth.to sb.把某物傳遞/送給某人 deliver a speech發(fā)表演說(shuō) deliver.up/over to把移交給 deliver a baby接生 deliver sb.from danger救某人脫險(xiǎn) 【特別提醒】 deliver作“生(小孩)”講，其表達(dá)為“be deliver

8、ed of a child”。 只用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 Could you deliver my message to the headmaster？ 你可以幫我傳口信給校長(zhǎng)嗎？ He delivered an important report at the meeting. 他在會(huì)上作了一個(gè)重要報(bào)告。 They prayed to God to deliver them from danger. 他們祈求上帝把他們從危險(xiǎn)中拯救出來(lái)。 The doctor delivered the baby.醫(yī)生接生了嬰兒。美國(guó)傳統(tǒng),即學(xué)即用,單項(xiàng)選擇 The crowd caught the escaped c

9、riminal and _ him to the local police. Adelivered Bset Cgiven Drescued 答案：A 完成句子 報(bào)紙每天都送來(lái)。 Newspapers _ _ every day. 答案：are delivered Dont worry，we can _(送)all these goods to your door. 答案：deliver,5.announce v宣布；宣告；宣稱；通知 【用法拓展】 announce sth.to sb.向某人宣布某事 It is announced that.據(jù)宣布 announce oneself/sb.通

10、報(bào)某人的到來(lái) make an announcement發(fā)表聲明；宣布通知 A government spokesman announced that the hostages had been released. 政府發(fā)言人宣布那些人質(zhì)已被釋放。 She announced the winner of the competition to an excited audience. 她向激動(dòng)的觀眾宣布了比賽的獲勝者。劍橋高階 Everyone was silent as he announced the winner of the competition. 當(dāng)他宣布競(jìng)賽的優(yōu)勝者時(shí)，大家都靜靜地傾

11、聽(tīng)。 The President made an unexpected announcement this morning. 今天上午總統(tǒng)發(fā)表了一項(xiàng)出人意料的聲明。劍橋高階,【特別提醒】 announce是表示“宣布；宣稱”的普通用語(yǔ)，指首次宣布人們所關(guān)心的或有新聞價(jià)值的事，有預(yù)告的含義，通常是關(guān)于生死、結(jié)婚、災(zāi)害信息或客人的到來(lái)等，其后常接名詞、從句作賓語(yǔ)。不可接雙賓語(yǔ)形式。,即學(xué)即用,單項(xiàng)選擇 _ is announced in todays paper，China has succeeded in launching the second manned spacecraft Shenzh

12、ou . AIt BThat CWhat DAs 答案：D,It was 2 hourswait by the time the announcement _ ，saying my flight was cancelled. Ahad been made Bwas made Cmade Dwas making 答案：B 完成句子 我希望馬上宣布勝利者的名字。 I hope to _ the winner shortly. 答案：announce 他們通知，該航班將推遲。 They announced that the flight _ _ _. 答案：would be delayed,6emp

13、loy vt.雇用，使用 【用法拓展】 (1)employ sb.as sth.雇某人為 employ sb.to do sth.雇某人做某事 be employed in(doing)sth.被雇用做某事 (2)employee n受雇者，雇員 employer n雇主 employment n雇用，使用 Weve employed a market researcher to find out what people really want from a cable TV system.我們已經(jīng)雇用 了一位市場(chǎng)調(diào)研員來(lái)調(diào)查人們到底想通過(guò)有線電視系統(tǒng)看 到什么樣的節(jié)目。劍橋高階 More p

14、eople are now employed in service industries than in manufacturing.現(xiàn)在服務(wù)業(yè)的就業(yè)人數(shù)要多于制造業(yè)。 劍橋高階,即學(xué)即用,He was _ as a salesman in Samsung Company， but was soon _ because of his dereliction of duty. Aemployed，firing Bemployed，fired Chired，firing Dhiring，being fired 答案：B,7. accuse vt.指控 【用法拓展】 accuse sb.of或cha

15、rge sb.with.控告某人；指責(zé)某 人 rob sb.of sth.搶劫某人某物 warn sb.of sth.告誡某人某事 cure sb.of sth.醫(yī)治某人的病 remind sb.of sth，使某人想起某事；提醒某人某事 inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事 Hes been accused of robbery/murder. 他被指控犯有搶劫/謀殺罪。劍橋高階 The surgeon was accused of negligence. 這名外科醫(yī)生被控玩忽職守。劍橋高階,即學(xué)即用,單項(xiàng)選擇 Your neighbors may _ you with playi

16、ng your radio too loudly at night. I know.They never say anything that _ me especially. Aaccuse；appeals to Bcharge；appeal to Ccharge；appeals to Dblame；appeals to 答案：C 完成句子 The young man taken by the police was said _ _ _ _(被指控)of stealing in the shopping center. 答案：to have been accused,8voice vt.吐露，

17、表達(dá) n聲音 【用法拓展】 in an angry(a sad，a cheerful)voice以很生氣(傷心，快活) 的聲音 at the top of the voice高聲地 in a low voice低聲地 lose ones voice失音 drop(lower)/raise(lift up)ones voice放低/提高聲音 give voice to說(shuō)出(發(fā)表)(意見(jiàn))；吐露(心聲，感情) I have voiced my objections to the plan to management. 我已經(jīng)向管理層提出了對(duì)那個(gè)計(jì)劃的反對(duì)意見(jiàn)。劍橋高階 Please voice y

18、our questions at the end of the lecture. 請(qǐng)?jiān)谘葜v的最后說(shuō)出你的問(wèn)題。,The little girl spoke in a high childish voice. 小女孩說(shuō)話時(shí)聲音尖尖的，帶著童音。 His voice shook with fear.他害怕得聲音發(fā)抖。 We could hear the childrens voices in the garden. 我們可以聽(tīng)到花園里孩子們的聲音。,即學(xué)即用,單項(xiàng)選擇 Hoping to make herself _ clearly，she spoke _ her voice. Ahear；at

19、the top of Bheard；at the top of Chear；in a low voice Dheard；in a low voice 答案：B 完成句子 如果有問(wèn)題，請(qǐng)說(shuō)出來(lái)，別猶豫。 Dont hesitate to _ them if you have any problems. 答案：voice,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),1come across碰到；遇到；無(wú)意中發(fā)現(xiàn) 【用法拓展】 come to總計(jì)；達(dá)到come up with提出；趕上 come at向襲擊 come across偶遇/碰到 come about產(chǎn)生；發(fā)生 come up被提出 come around恢復(fù)知覺(jué)；蘇醒再

20、度發(fā)生，再次出現(xiàn) come around(to.)短暫訪問(wèn) come out出現(xiàn)；開(kāi)花；被出版 come true 實(shí)現(xiàn)，變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí) I came across an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning. 今天早上我在牛津大街碰見(jiàn)一位老校友。 We came across some letters in the attic.我們?cè)陂w樓里偶然 發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些信。美國(guó)傳統(tǒng),即學(xué)即用,If you _ a mistake in reviewing the report，please bring it to my attention. Acome

21、along Bcome across Ccome around Dcome about 答案：B Last week I was on business in Beijing and _ my old college roommate in the street，who said Li Jian，another friend of ours，_a car accident the month before. Acame across；had come up Bran into；met with Ccame across；had met with Dmet with；came across 答案

22、：C How did it _ that you did so much work in such a short time? Acome across Bcome about Ccome out Dcome up 答案：B,2pass on傳遞 【用法拓展】 pass sth.on to sb.將某物傳遞給某人 pass.down把傳給后世 pass by走過(guò)；經(jīng)過(guò) pass through經(jīng)過(guò)；經(jīng)歷 pass away去世 pass over 忽略 pass off(指痛苦、危機(jī))結(jié)束 She caught my cold and passed it on to her husband.

23、我把感冒傳染給了她，她又傳染給她丈夫了。 Pass the stick on to next one when you finished running. 當(dāng)你跑完時(shí)，把接力棒傳給下一位選手。 Pass the book on to me when youve finished with it. 那本書(shū)你看完后傳給我。 I passed the news to friends.我把消息告訴了朋友們。 美國(guó)傳統(tǒng),即學(xué)即用,單項(xiàng)選擇 Read the letter and _ him. Apass on it to Bpass it on to Cpass it on Dpass it for 答

24、案：B The numbness in your feet will soon pass _. Aaway Boff Cby Don 答案：B 完成句子 我把她的口信帶給她母親了。I_ _ _ _ _ her mother. 答案：passed her message on to 她患了重感冒，結(jié)果又傳染了孩子。 She caught a bad cold and therefore，she _ it _ to her baby. 答案：passed；on,21,22,23,3add to 增加；添加 【用法拓展】 add.to 把加上add.up把加起來(lái) add up to總計(jì)；加起來(lái)總共是

25、 addition n加、增加 additional adj.另外的、附加的 in addition另外 in addition to除之外 Shes added a Picasso to her collection. 她的收藏中增添了一件畢加索的畫(huà)作。劍橋高階 The bad weather only added to our difficulties. 糟糕的天氣增加了我們的困難。 Surrounding the school，those green trees add to the beauty of it.環(huán)繞學(xué)校的綠樹(shù)增添了它的美麗。,即學(xué)即用,單項(xiàng)選擇 It is believe

26、d that the college tuition fee will certainly _ the difficulty of a poor family. Aadd to Badd up Cadd up to Dadd 答案：A 完成句子 錢(qián)的缺乏增加了研究的困難。 Lack of money _ _ the research difficulty. 答案：added to,24,25,4put forward提出(計(jì)劃；建議等) 【用法拓展】 put aside留出；放邊上put down放下；記下 put in插話，插嘴 put off推遲，耽擱 put up升起；張貼；留宿某人 p

27、ut up with忍受 look forward to(doing)sth.期盼，盼望 put the clock/clocks forward 將時(shí)鐘撥快 The plan that he put forward at the meeting turned out to be practical. 他在會(huì)上提出的計(jì)劃是實(shí)用的。 Most European countries put the clocks forward in the spring. 大多數(shù)歐洲國(guó)家會(huì)在春季將鐘表?yè)芸煲恍r(shí)。劍橋高階,Are you serious in putting forward such a view

28、? 提出那樣一個(gè)問(wèn)題你是認(rèn)真的嗎？ Those theories put forward by Dr.Kesner are difficult to understand. 凱斯納博士提出的那些理論很難懂。 The peace plan put forward last August has been revived for the latest round of negotiations.去年8月份提出的和平計(jì)劃在最近的一輪談判中被再次提出。劍橋高階 【易混辨析】 put forward/come up/come up with 這三個(gè)短語(yǔ)都有“提出”的意思。put forward作“提出”

29、講，相當(dāng)于come up with，是及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。come up為不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，意為“被提出”。come up with作“提出”講，是及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，但無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。come up為不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)通常是表“建議、計(jì)劃等”的名詞。,即學(xué)即用,The dustmen will go on strike if the demands they _ are turned down. Acould put forward Bwould put forward Cput forward Dhad put forward 答案：C At the meeting，a proposal that he

30、should take charge of the project _. Aput forward Bcame up Ccame up with Dshowed 答案：B Considered in all sides，the plan _ by Miss Li is the best. Aput on Bput away Cput off Dput forward 答案：D,26,27,28,重點(diǎn)句子,1Special gloves are also worn so that people and objects in the film can be touched. 【用法拓展】 句中so

31、.that 引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句 (1)so that引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，意為：為了，以 使，句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常有can，could，would等詞。 so.that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，意思是“如此以至于” (2)so.that.與such.that. 兩者都引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，意思是“如此以至 于”，不同的是so為副詞，such 為形容詞，其用法區(qū) 別為：,后接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為： soadj.a/an可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)that. sucha/anadj.可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)that. such可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞that. so表數(shù)量的形容詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞that. somany/few可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)t

32、hat. somuch/little不可數(shù)名詞that. soadj./adv.that. suchn.that. 注意: so和such 引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句置于句首時(shí),主句要部分倒裝. I left at 600 so that I could catch the train. 我六點(diǎn)出門(mén),以便趕上火車(chē). Speak loudly，so that I can hear what you say. 說(shuō)話大聲點(diǎn)，這樣我才能聽(tīng)見(jiàn)你的話。 He is such a clever boy that all of us like him. 他是一個(gè)如此聰明的男孩以至于大家都喜歡他。,即學(xué)即用,用so.t

33、hat.與such.that.填空 He got up very early that morning，_ he caught the first bus. 答案：so that He was _ young _ you must excuse him. 答案：so；that,29,30,2It is(about/high)time that.是該做某事的時(shí)候了 It is high time that we stopped arguing and reached a conclusion.是停止?fàn)幷摰贸鼋Y(jié)論的時(shí)候了。 It is about time that you did your ho

34、mework. 你們?cè)撟鲎鳂I(yè)了.,【用法拓展】 (1)Its the first time that sb.has done sth.是某人第一次做某事 (2)“是某人該做某事的時(shí)候了”還可以用句式： Its time for sb.to do sth. Its the first time that he has been to London.這是他第一次去倫敦。 Its time for you to have your supper.該吃晚飯了。 Its time for you to apologize.是你去道歉的時(shí)候了。 【特別提醒】 It is(about/high)time t

35、hat.，that引導(dǎo)的從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常 用過(guò)去式。 Its the first time that.，that引導(dǎo)的從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用現(xiàn) 在完成時(shí)。,即學(xué)即用,單項(xiàng)選擇 Isnt it time you _ down to _ those papers? Agot；making Bshould get；make Cget；write Dhave got；have made 答案：A Look！Its snowing outside. Yes，it is the second time we _ snow this week. Aare having Bhave Chave had Dhad

36、had 答案：C,31,32,即學(xué)即用,I think its high time that we _ effective measures to prevent the accidents. Atook Bbe taken Chave taken Dare taking 答案：A 完成句子 早就該是你努力學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候了。 It is _ time that you _ hard. 答案：high；studied,33,34,語(yǔ)法精講,被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) Active Voice 和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) Passive Voice 之分。如果主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的發(fā)出者，動(dòng)詞就用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

37、；如果主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的承受者，動(dòng)詞就用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 John encouraged Mary.約翰鼓勵(lì)瑪麗。 Mary was encouraged by John.瑪麗受到約翰鼓勵(lì)。 第一句的動(dòng)詞 “encouraged” 是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；第二句的動(dòng)詞 “was encouraged”是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本形態(tài)是： 助動(dòng)詞be及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞(ed分詞) 動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)通常有六種時(shí)、體形式：即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行體、過(guò)去進(jìn)行體、現(xiàn)在完成體和過(guò)去完成體。,1Simple Present Tense 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： I teach him. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： He is taught

38、by me. 2Simple Past Tense 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： I taught him yesterday. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： He was taught by me yesterday. 3Present Continuous Tense 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： I am teaching him. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： He is being taught by me. 4Past Continuous Tense 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： I was teaching him when you came. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： He was being taught by me when you came.,5Present Perfe

39、ct Tense 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： I have taught him. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： He has been taught by me. 6Past Perfect Tense 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： I had taught him before you came. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： He had been taught by me before you came. 7一般將來(lái)時(shí) Simple Future Tense 也常常有這種被動(dòng)語(yǔ) 態(tài)形式 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： I shall teach him tomorrow. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： He will be taught by me tomorrow.,二、動(dòng)詞由主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)?/p>

40、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的步驟 1先找出謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞； 2再找出謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)； 3把賓語(yǔ)用作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)； 4注意人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。 (1)Bruce writes a letter every week. A letter is written by Bruce every week. (2)Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning. The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning. (3)He has written two novels so far. Two novels have been wri

41、tten by him so far. (4)They will plant ten trees tomorrow. Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow. (5)Lucy is writing a letter now. A letter is being written by Lucy now. (6)You must lock the door when you leave. The door must be locked when you leave.,三、主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義 1連系動(dòng)詞(如look，sound，smell，feel，t

42、aste，prove等)要用 主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)，因?yàn)檫B系動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞，它們沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 形式。如：His theory proved to be wrong.他的理論被證實(shí)是 錯(cuò)的。 2當(dāng)open，close，shut，lock，move，read，wash，clean， cook，cut，wear，carry等用作不及物動(dòng)詞且表示主語(yǔ)的某種 屬性時(shí)，通常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義： The door wont shut.這門(mén)關(guān)不上。 The book sells quickly.這本書(shū)銷售得很快。 3有的動(dòng)詞本身含有被動(dòng)意味,通常用主動(dòng)形式來(lái)表示被動(dòng)含義. Her coat caught on t

43、he nail.她的大衣被釘子鉤住了。 Her eyes filled with tears.她眼睛里充滿了眼淚。 4不定式to blame，to let用作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常要用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。 Who is to blame？該怪誰(shuí)呢？ The house is to let.此屋出租。,5某些“be形容詞to do”結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式通常要用主動(dòng)形式表示 被動(dòng)意義。 The book is difficult to understand.這本書(shū)很難懂。 The music isnt pleasant to listen to.這音樂(lè)不好聽(tīng)。 The picture is interesting to

44、look at.這幅畫(huà)看起來(lái)挺有趣的。 這類結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)是句子主語(yǔ)就是其后不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)，按理說(shuō) 其中的不定式要用被動(dòng)形式，但習(xí)慣上卻要用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。 6. 不定式用于某些動(dòng)詞(如have，have got，get，want，need等)的 賓t語(yǔ)后作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)就是句子的主語(yǔ)，通常 用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。 Do you have time to help us？你有時(shí)間幫助我們嗎？ I have some clothes to wash.我有一些衣服要洗。 I want something to drink.我想喝點(diǎn)什么。 若不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)不是句子的主語(yǔ)，則應(yīng)用被動(dòng)式。比

45、較： I have something to type.我有些東西要打(字)。(指自己打字) I have something to be typed.我有些東西要打(字)。(指請(qǐng)人打字),7在too.to do sth.和.enough to do sth.這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中，若句子 主語(yǔ)與其后不定式為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，則該不定式通常用主動(dòng)形式表 示被動(dòng)意義。 The writing is too faint to read.這筆跡太模糊，看不清。 These boxes are not strong enough to use as a platform. 這些箱子不夠牢，不能用作站臺(tái)。 8be wor

46、th后的動(dòng)名詞要用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。 This movie is worth seeing.這部影片值得一看。 Shes not worth getting angry with.犯不上跟她生氣。 與worth相似的worthy卻不一樣，其后不接動(dòng)名詞而接不定式 (若接動(dòng)名詞則其前應(yīng)有介詞of),且要用被動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)含義。 This book is worthy to be read/of being read.這本書(shū)值得一讀。,9在bear(承受)，deserve(應(yīng)受到)，need(需要)，require(需要)， stand(忍受)，want(需要)等少數(shù)動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表 被動(dòng)意義。

47、 These children need/require/want looking after.這些孩子需要照看. His sufferings dont bear thinking about.他受的苦難簡(jiǎn)直不堪回首. The man deserves punishing.他這個(gè)人是罪有應(yīng)得。 該結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)名詞改用不定式則要用被動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)。 These children require/need to be looked after.這些孩子需要照看。 The man deserves to be punished.他這個(gè)人是罪有應(yīng)得。 10There be結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，主動(dòng)形式表

48、被動(dòng)意義。 There are many clothes to wash today.今天要洗的衣服太多了。 11某些動(dòng)詞(如build，burn，cook，print，make等)的進(jìn)行時(shí)，可 用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。 The house is building.房子正在建。 The book is printing.書(shū)正在印刷。,12介詞短語(yǔ)用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)，有些介詞短語(yǔ)有the表被動(dòng)，無(wú) the表主動(dòng)：in charge of負(fù)責(zé)；in the charge of由負(fù) 責(zé)；in possession of擁有；in the possession of被擁 有；in control of控制；

49、in the control of被控制 四、英語(yǔ)不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種情形 1謂語(yǔ)為不及物動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))時(shí)，不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)這類動(dòng)詞主要有 happen，belong to，rise，run out(用光)，come out(出 版)，come up(提出)，take place(發(fā)生)，come about(發(fā) 生)，break out(爆發(fā))，appear(出現(xiàn))，disappear(消失)， last(持續(xù))，arise(出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生)等。 The war broke out in the end.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)終于爆發(fā)了。 They came up with a new plan at the meeti

50、ng. 他們?cè)跁?huì)議上提出了一個(gè)新的計(jì)劃。,2賓語(yǔ)為不定式、動(dòng)詞的ing形式或從句，表示主語(yǔ)的一些 想法、愛(ài)好或愿望的動(dòng)詞，一般不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 He decided to go camping with us. 他決定跟我們一起去野營(yíng)。 I want to buy a mobile phone.我想買(mǎi)一部手機(jī)。 3賓語(yǔ)是相互代詞、反身代詞、同源賓語(yǔ)等的動(dòng)詞，一般不 用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 We should help each other.我們應(yīng)該相互幫助。 We live a happy life here.我們?cè)谶@兒過(guò)著幸福的生活。 He thinks of himself too much.他對(duì)自己

51、想得太多。,4賓語(yǔ)是處所、地點(diǎn)的動(dòng)詞時(shí)，一般不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 We will reach the station in two hours. 我們?cè)龠^(guò)兩個(gè)小時(shí)就會(huì)到站了。 He has gone to London now.他去倫敦了。 5謂語(yǔ)部分(動(dòng)詞與賓語(yǔ))是一個(gè)不可分割的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ) 時(shí)，一般不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 The ship set sail this morning. 這艘輪船今天早晨起航了. He saw the doctor yesterday evening. 他昨天晚上看了醫(yī)生。,五、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的注意點(diǎn) 1表示“使、讓”的動(dòng)詞make，have等，以及感官動(dòng)詞see， wa

52、tch，observe，feel，hear，listen to，look at等，在主 動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，接不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，不定式前的to要 省略，而變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，成為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式， 則必須帶to。 I saw him go into the teachersoffice.He was seen to go into the teachersoffice. 我看見(jiàn)他進(jìn)了老師的辦公室。 但如果作賓補(bǔ)的是ing形式，則不變。 I hear him playing the piano at home every morning. He is heard playing the piano at

53、 home every morning. 我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他每天早晨在家彈鋼琴。,2帶雙賓語(yǔ)的句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，既可將直接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng) 語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)，而在間接賓語(yǔ)前加to或for留在動(dòng)詞之后；也 可將間接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的主語(yǔ)，而將直接賓語(yǔ)留在動(dòng)詞 之后。但一般采用后一種用法。 He gave me the pen last year.I was given the pen last year by him./The pen was given to me last year by him. 這支筆是他去年給我的。 3動(dòng)詞believe，consider，declare，expect，know，repo

54、rt， say，suppose，think等的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，常有兩種結(jié)構(gòu)形式。 He was said to get hurt in the car accident. 人們說(shuō)他在車(chē)禍中受傷了。 It was said that he got hurt in the car accident. 人們說(shuō)他在車(chē)禍中受傷了。,4短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后面的介詞或副詞不 能省略。 She has never been operated on before.她從未動(dòng)過(guò)手術(shù)。 The baby was looked after by her sister. 這嬰兒由她的姐姐照顧。 His plan w

55、as laughed at by everyone.大家都嘲笑他的計(jì)劃。 5復(fù)合句的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，復(fù)合句中的主句和 從句都必須同時(shí)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 Li Lei told us that the teacher praised him today. We were told by Li Lei that he was praised by the teacher today. 李雷告訴我們說(shuō)今天他受到了老師的表?yè)P(yáng)。,語(yǔ)法專練,1Mr.Wang，who _ to have immigrated to the USA， taught at No.2 Middle School in our

56、 city for twenty years. Ais hoped Bis spoken Cis said Dis told 解析：It is said that sb.或sb.be said that.據(jù)說(shuō)某人。 答案：C 2His sister left home in 1998，and _ since. (2009全國(guó)) Ahad not been heard of Bhas not been heard of Chad not heard of Dhas not heard of 解析：考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。語(yǔ)意為：他姐姐在1998 年離開(kāi)了家，此后人們?cè)僖矝](méi)有聽(tīng)到她的消息。根據(jù)句意可 知應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，句中的since暗示應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 答案：B,3Why dont we choose that road to save time? The bridge to it _.(2009四川) Ahas repaired Bis repaired Cis being repaired Dwill be repaired 解析：考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。為什么我們不選 擇那條路節(jié)約時(shí)間？去那兒的橋正在維修。這里用現(xiàn) 在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示橋正在被修。 答案：C 4In September 2008，Chinas key milestone in