動(dòng)詞的ing形式作主語和賓語PPT

1、1性質(zhì)：它具有動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)，但在句子中起著名詞、形容詞、副詞的作用，充當(dāng)主語、表語、定語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、狀語的作用 即：做除謂語以外一切成分。,非謂語動(dòng)詞,在動(dòng)詞-ing前加not Thank you for not smoking. His not coming made everyone very disappointed.,動(dòng)詞-ing形式的否定形式：,動(dòng)詞的ing形式作主語，表語和賓語,什么是主語(subject)？ 什么是賓語 (object)？,He likes his dog.,主語,賓語,Swimming is my interest.,I like reading.,主語,

2、賓語,結(jié)論,_不能作主語和賓語 _可以作主語和賓語,動(dòng)詞原形,動(dòng)詞的ing形式,1 動(dòng)詞-ing形式可直接置于句首作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 Seeing is believing. 眼見為實(shí)。,A. 動(dòng)詞的ing形式作主語,Dancing is their hobby.,dance,hobby,Biting nails is not a good habit.,bite nails,habit,Doing exercise is the best way to lose weight.,do exercise,lose weight,2 為了保持句子平衡，通常用先行詞it作形式主語，而把真正的

3、主語放在句末。 此類句型有：,總結(jié)：用it作 主語，而把真正的主語 移置句尾。,It is no use/ useless doing sth It is no good doing sth.做.是沒有好處的 It is worthwhile doing sth It is pleasant doing sth It is a waste of time doing sth,做是沒有用的。,做是值得的。,做是有樂趣的。,做是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的,形式,動(dòng)詞ing形式,It is no use useless doing sth 做是沒有用處的。,It is no use .,trying to esca

4、pe,It is/was worthwhile doing sth 做是值得的。,It is worthwhile .,seeing the film,It is/was a waste of time doing sth 做是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的。,It is a waste of time .,playing computer games,It is/was pleasant doing sth 做是有樂趣。,It is pleasant .,playing with friends,It is no use trying to escape. It is worthwhile seeing the

5、 movie. It is a waste of time playing computer games. It is pleasant playing with friends.,1 表示主語的內(nèi)容。此時(shí)，主語表語位置可互換 Her job is keeping the baby. =Keeping the baby is his job. 2 表示主語具有的特征 The problem is quite puzzling.,B. 動(dòng)詞的ing形式作表語,1.作介詞的賓語。 2.作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語。,C. 動(dòng)詞的ing形式作賓語,結(jié)論：凡是介詞后面加動(dòng)詞時(shí)，一律用動(dòng)詞的ing形式。我們把這種情

6、況稱作動(dòng)詞的ing形式作介詞的賓語。常用的短語有：,be fond of喜歡; be tired of厭倦; give up放棄; be interested in對(duì)感興趣; look forward to盼望; lead to導(dǎo)致; pay attention to注意; be used to 習(xí)慣于,注意：凡是固定短語里面帶的to都是介詞，而不是不定式，所以它后面的動(dòng)詞要用ing形式。,dream of,Jia Laolian always dreams of _ the mouse.,catching,catch,Jia Laolian enjoys _ watermelon in su

7、mmer.,eating,結(jié)論：有些動(dòng)詞后只能跟動(dòng)詞的ing形式，我們把這種情況稱作動(dòng)詞的ing形式作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語。,只能跟動(dòng)詞的ing形式作賓語的常用動(dòng)詞及詞組有： admit承認(rèn), avoid避免, consider考慮, dislike不喜歡，enjoy喜歡, escape逃跑, finish完成, keep繼續(xù)，mind介意, suggest建議, imagine設(shè)想, practise練習(xí)，give up放棄，cant help禁不住，feel like想要做,Correct or not?,Would you mind opening the window?,Would you

8、mind open the window?,Pay attention: mind后必須接動(dòng)詞的ing形式,Correct or not?,He is used to living in the countryside.,He is used to live in the countryside.,Pay attention: be used to是一個(gè)固定短語，里面的to是介詞，而不是不定式，所以它后面的動(dòng)詞要用ing形式。,Correct or not?,I cant help laughing.,I cant help to laugh.,Pay attention: 詞組cant he

9、lp后必須接動(dòng)詞的ing形式,Correct or not?,We look forward to seeing you.,We look forward to see you.,Pay attention: 介詞to后面的動(dòng)詞要用ing形式,D. 動(dòng)詞的ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),主要有兩種： 1.形容詞性物主代詞/名詞所有格+ V-ing形式， 如： I insist on Marys going there. 我堅(jiān)持要瑪麗到那兒去。 His being late for class made his teacher very angry.,2.在口語和非正式語體中，且做賓語時(shí)，常用人稱代詞賓格

10、或名詞普通格+V-ing形式 例如： I dont mind Mary being late. The doctor does not mind me /my eating a little meat occasionally. 醫(yī)生并不反對(duì)我偶爾吃一點(diǎn)肉。,用法 當(dāng)v-ing形式作主語/賓語/表語，且它的邏輯主語不是句子的主語時(shí)，就需要使用v-ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。,如：Doyoumindwaitinghere?你介意在這兒等會(huì)兒?jiǎn)幔縲ait的邏輯主語就是句子主語you，所以直接用 v-ing形式。 再如：Doyoumindmy/mesmokinghere?你介意我在這兒抽煙嗎？smoke的邏輯主語是myme，而不是句子主語you，所以必須使用v-ing的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。,Time for Practice,翻譯練習(xí),1. 學(xué)習(xí)英語非常有趣。 Learning English is very interesting. 2. 環(huán)游世界是她的夢(mèng)想。 Travelling around the world is her dream.,3.在教育上花錢是值得的。 It is worthwhile spending money on education.