咕泡學(xué)院 - 微服務(wù)實踐之路

1、微服務(wù)初體驗馬昕曦（小馬哥）小馬哥，阿里巴巴技術(shù)專家，目前主要負(fù)責(zé)微服務(wù)技術(shù)實施和推廣，重點關(guān)注云計算、微服務(wù)以及軟件架構(gòu)等領(lǐng)域。從事九年Java EE 開發(fā)，期間通過SUN的SCJP、SCWCD以及SCBCD等的認(rèn)證。介紹議題問路選路走路看路問路“只在此山中，云深不知處”現(xiàn)代互聯(lián)網(wǎng)方向大規(guī)模（Big- Scale）大數(shù)據(jù)（Big-Data）云計算（Cloud-Computing）現(xiàn)實挑戰(zhàn)擴(kuò)容困難（Problems in scalability ）部署困難（Problems in deployment）發(fā)布回滾困難（Problems in release rollback）適配新技術(shù)困難（ P

2、roblems in adopting new technologies ）快速開發(fā)困難（Problems in RAD）測試?yán)щy（Problems in testing）學(xué)習(xí)困難（Problems in learning）籠統(tǒng)地，把存在這類問題的系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用稱為“單體應(yīng)用”（ Monolithic），或者翻譯為“巨石應(yīng)用”。單體應(yīng)用（Monolithic）議題問路選路走路看路選路“亂花漸入迷人眼”路線一：SOA WikipediaService-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a style of software design where services are

3、 provided to the other components by application components, through a communication protocol over a network. It logically represents a business activity with a specified outcome. It is self-contained. It is a black box for its consumers. It may consist of other underlying services.典型的技術(shù) WebServices

4、（XML-RPC、WSDL、SOAP等） MessageQueue ESB路線二：微服務(wù)WikipediaMicroservices are a more concrete and modern interpretation of service-oriented architectures (SOA) used to build distributed software systems.Martin FowlerThe term microservice was discussed at a workshop of software architects near Venice in May

5、, 2011 to describe what the participants saw as a common architectural style that many of them had been recently exploring.Adrian Cockcroft(former Netflix Architect)Fine grain SOA. So microservice is SOA with emphasis on small ephemeral components.為什么選微服務(wù)單體應(yīng)用（Monolithic）微服務(wù)（MircoServices）為什么選微服務(wù)單體應(yīng)用

6、（Monolithic）微服務(wù)（MircoServices）單一（ Simplicity ）局部部署（Partial Deployment）一致性（Consistency）可靠性（Availability）內(nèi)部模塊化（Inter-module）服務(wù)模塊化（ Modularity ）穩(wěn)定（ Stability ）平臺無關(guān)性（Multiple Platforms）性能（Performance）自動化（Automation）為什么不選SOA面向服務(wù)架構(gòu)（SOA） VS 微服務(wù)類同面向服務(wù)（ Service-Oriented ）松耦合（Loose-Coupling）自包含（Self-Contained

7、）平臺無關(guān)性（Independent Platform）差異原子性（Atomic）自治性（Autonomous）開發(fā)運(yùn)維體系（DevOps）輕量級（Lightweight）通訊協(xié)議（Communication Protocol）實現(xiàn)微服務(wù)選型方案Spring BootSpring Cloud為什么不選Java EE問題一：商業(yè)性強(qiáng)，不利于推廣問題二：體系龐大，復(fù)雜度高問題三：容器依賴，難以快速開發(fā)、測試和部署問題四：高度集中，維護(hù)成本高問題五：技術(shù)更替滯緩為什么選擇Spring Boot/Cloud理由一：趨勢為什么選擇Spring Boot/Cloud理由一：趨勢為什么選擇Spring Bo

8、ot理由二：下載量為什么選擇Spring Boot理由三：技術(shù)優(yōu)勢輕量級容器（Lightweight Container）嵌入式（Embedded）Java EE無關(guān)性（Java EE Free）元信息編程（Meta Programing）注解驅(qū)動（Annotation-Driven）Lambda表達(dá)式（ Lambda-Expression）Spring表達(dá)式（SP-Expression）創(chuàng)新模式自動裝配安全整合內(nèi)建DevOps為什么選擇Spring Cloud理由三：技術(shù)優(yōu)勢基本功能分布式/版本化配置（Distributed/versioned configuration）注冊與發(fā)現(xiàn)（Registry and Discovery）路由（Routing）服務(wù)調(diào)用（Service-to-service calls）負(fù)載均衡（Load balancing）短路（ Circuit Break ）分布式消息（Distributed messaging）Stream 整合日志擴(kuò)展議題問路選路走路看路走路“千里之行，