(人教版)2019屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)案：選修八 Unit 5 (含解析) .doc

1、選修八 Unit 5基礎(chǔ)回顧.單句語法填空(導(dǎo)學(xué)號02516357)1It is assumed that stress is mainly caused by too much work.2If you dont like the school lunch, you have the alternative of bringing your own.3She has kept up physical training for several years without interruption (interrupt)4The more we are aware of the signific

2、ance (significant) of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job.5If you study in a systematic (system) way, you wont leave anything out.6The plants need the right amount of sunlight and rain to grow and ripen (ripe)7The mechanic who wishes to do his work well, must

3、 first sharpen (sharp) his tools.8The escaped prisoner got arrested (arrest) immediately he turned up at the railway station and was sent to prison again.9Scientists have identified (identify) more than forty chemicals in tobacco smoke that cause cancer in humans and animals.10In contrast to our ign

4、orance of saving food, many people especially those in povertystricken areas are suffering from starvation (starve).單句改錯(cuò)(每句一錯(cuò))(導(dǎo)學(xué)號02516358)1I had no alternative but report him to the headteacher.report前加to2Assumed that the weather is favorable, farmers will have a good harvest.AssumedAssuming/Assume

5、3He could have finished it on schedule, but anyhow he fell behind.anyhowsomehow4Im very sorry to interrupt with you, but I have something very important to tell you.去掉with5The significance attaching to a national day is very different from country to country.attachingattached.佳句寫作(導(dǎo)學(xué)號02516359)1他們急匆匆

6、地到達(dá)公司，結(jié)果了解到他們被開除了。(only to作結(jié)果狀語)答案：They hurried to the company，only to learn that they were fired.2看看我們現(xiàn)在所處的困境。要是我們接受了他的建議就好了。(if only)答案：Look at the trouble we are in now.If only we had taken his advice.3看，我的媽媽正在切碎包餃子的肉。(cut up)答案：Look，my mother is cutting up the meat for making dumplings.4假設(shè)他在七點(diǎn)回來

7、的話，我們就開會。(assume)答案：Assume/Assuming that he comes back at seven，we will have a meeting.5盡管下大雨，醫(yī)護(hù)人員還是迅速地趕到事故現(xiàn)場。(in spite of)答案：In spite of the heavy rain，the doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident.技能提升.閱讀理解(導(dǎo)學(xué)號02516360)The ancient Mayan civilization collapsed due to a centurylong drou

8、ght, new research suggests.Minerals taken from Belizes famous underwater cave，known as the Blue Hole，as well as lagoons (環(huán)礁湖) nearby, show that an extreme drought occurred between A. D. 800 and A. D. 1,000, right when the Mayan civilization ended. After the rains returned, the Mayans moved northbut

9、they disappeared again a few centuries later, and that disappearance occurred at the same time as another dry period, the sediments (沉積物)reveal.Although the findings arent the first to tie a drought to the end of the Mayan culture, the new results strengthen the case that dry periods were indeed the

10、 cause. Thats because the data come from several spots in a region central to the Mayan heartland, said study coauthor Andre Droxler, an Earth scientist at Rice University.From A. D. 300 to A.D700, the Mayan civilization flourished in the Yucatan peninsula. These ancient Mesoamericans built great py

11、ramids, mastered astronomy, and developed both a writing system and a calendar system, which is famous for predicting that the world would end in 2012.But in the centuries after A. D. 700, the civilizations building activities slowed and the culture fell into war and unrest.The evidence for a drough

12、t has been growing in recent years. A 2012 study in the journal Science analyzed a 2,000yearold stalagmite(石筍) from a cave in southern Belize and found that sharp decreases in rainfall coincided with periods of decline in the culture. But the data came from just one cave, which meant it was difficul

13、t to make predictions for the area as a whole，Droxler said.To look for signs of drought, the team drilled the sediments in the Blue Hole of Lighthouse Lagoon, as well as one in the Rhomboid reef. The lagoons were surrounded on all sides by thick walls of coral reef. During storms or wetter periods,

14、excess water runs off from rivers and streams，overtops the retaining walls, and is deposited in a thin layer at the top of the lagoon. From there, all the sediments from these streams settle to the bottom of the lagoon, piling on top of each other and leaving a record of the historical climate.The t

15、eam found that during the period between A. D. 800 and A. D. 1,000, when the Mayan civilization collapsed, there were just one or two tropical cyclones (氣旋) every two decades, as opposed to the usual five or six. After that, the Maya moved north, building at sites such as Chichen Itza, in what is no

16、w Mexico.語篇解讀瑪雅文化如何消失是一個(gè)神秘話題。新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：古瑪雅文化的消失可能與長達(dá)一個(gè)世紀(jì)的干旱有關(guān)。1What happened after an extreme drought between AD. 800 and A. D. 1,000?AThe Mayans were suffering a heavy flood.BThe Mayans suddenly disappeared from the earth.CThe Mayans were often attacked by tropical cyclones.DThe Mayans moved to places

17、in what is now called Mexico.解析：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“After the rains returned, the Mayans moved north”和最后一段“After that, the Maya moved north，building at sites such as Chichen Itza, in what is now Mexico”可知D為正確選項(xiàng)。2What is the main idea of Paragraph 4?AThe achievements of the Mayan civilization.BThe predictio

18、n the Mayan civilization made.CThe effects the Mayan civilization had on humans.DThe background where the Mayan civilization began.解析：A段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“From AD. 300 to A. D. 700, the Mayan civilization flourished in the Yucatan peninsula”以及后面舉的例子可知本段主要介紹瑪雅文明的繁榮。3Why did the team drill the sediments in

19、 the Blue Hole of Lighthouse Lagoon?ATo learn how the Blue Hole came into being.BTo know what lies on the bottom of the lagoon.CTo study the record of the historical climate.DTo see how excess water runs off from rivers and streams.解析：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段第一句“To look for signs of drought”和最后一句“l(fā)eaving a reco

20、rd of the historical climate”可知C為正確選項(xiàng)。4What did Andre Droxler think of the analysis of the 2,000yearold stalagmite?AAmazing.BRidiculous.CReasonable. DUnreliable.解析：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段最后一句“But the data came from just one cave, which meant it was difficult to make predictions for the area as a whole, Droxler

21、 said”可知來自一個(gè)洞穴的數(shù)據(jù)，很難對整個(gè)地區(qū)做出正確的預(yù)測。.完形填空(導(dǎo)學(xué)號02516361)(2018河北衡水中學(xué)一模)While I was waiting in line at a coffee shop earlier, a woman drove alongside the queue in a mobility scooter (踏板車). There was only a _1_ space between the line of people and the tables, which she _2_ to drive along. She drove over my

22、foot and didnt _3_ saying nothing at all. I got annoyed and expected she would have_4_，but then I just decided to _5_ it and got down to selecting which pastry (點(diǎn)心) to go with my coffee. The lady and I ended up sitting at adjacent (鄰近的) tables. She was on the end of a row so that she could park her

23、_6_. After about half an hour，when she had _7_ her coffee, she got up and back onto her scooter. It _8_ start. She tried to turn the key several times _9_ she telephoned the place she purchased (購買) it from.An engineer _10_ within 5 minutes. The place must have been local. I couldnt _11_ overhearing

24、 (偷聽) their conversation, and it turned out she had just _12_ the scooter that morning. This was her very first outing in it. She felt really _13_ about driving it. _14_，she wasnt used to its speed, nor its _15_， and this combination made it quite _16_ to drive it through narrow gaps.Suddenly，I felt

25、 _17_ for the lady. It really didnt _18_ me at all that shed driven over my foot. I had made an assumption, _19_， that a person doing that should apologize.Next time youre about to _20_ someone，pause for a second and remind yourself that people have judged you without knowing what was going on in yo

26、ur mind or your life.語篇解讀本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，主要講述了作者在被一個(gè)第一次騎踏板車的女性軋到腳，又目睹了對方騎車時(shí)的不安以及無法啟動車子的遭遇后，開始變得同情對方并最終原諒對方的故事。1A.private BvastCpublic Dnarrow解析：D考查形容詞辨析。由第二段最后一句中的“to drive it through narrow gaps”可知，人群與桌子之間的空間狹小。D項(xiàng)意為“狹窄的”，符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“私有的，私人的”；B項(xiàng)意為“巨大的”；C項(xiàng)意為“公共的”，均與語境不符。2A.attempted BpromisedCdeclined Dguar

27、anteed解析：A考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)上文可知，人群與桌子之間的空間很狹?。挥指鶕?jù)下文中的“drive along”以及“She drove over my foot”可知，她試圖從中穿過。A項(xiàng)意為“試圖”，attempt to do sth.意為“試圖做某事”，符合語境。B項(xiàng)意為“承諾”；C項(xiàng)意為“拒絕”；D項(xiàng)意為“保證”，均與語境不符。3A.call back Bgive upClook back Dcheer up解析：C考查動詞短語辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，她從作者的腳上面開了過去，沒有回頭看一下，并且什么都沒有說。A項(xiàng)意為“回電話”；B項(xiàng)意為“放棄”；C項(xiàng)意為“回頭看一下，回顧”；D項(xiàng)意為

28、“使振作起來”。4A.ignored BapologizedCexplained Dforgiven解析：B考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)第三段最后一句中的“that a person doing that should apologize”可知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)很生氣，希望她能道歉。A項(xiàng)意為“忽視，不理會”；B項(xiàng)意為“道歉”；C項(xiàng)意為“解釋”；D項(xiàng)意為“原諒”。5A.dismiss BmakeCreplace Dinspect解析：A考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)該句“I got annoyed and.and got down to selecting which pastry(點(diǎn)心)to go with my coff

29、ee.”并結(jié)合語境可知，前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折，作者起初很生氣，希望這位婦女能道歉，可一會兒之后，便不再理會這件事，開始認(rèn)真挑選自己的點(diǎn)心了。A項(xiàng)意為“不予理會，不予考慮”；B項(xiàng)意為“制作”；C項(xiàng)意為“代替”；D項(xiàng)意為“視察，檢查”。6A.truck BbikeCcar Dscooter解析：D考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)文章第一句“.a woman drove alongside the queue in a mobility scooter(踏板車)”可知，她坐在最后一排的目的是可以停放她的踏板車，此處與開頭的“scooter”照應(yīng)。7A.poured BfinishedCordered Dpurchased

30、解析：B考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“she got up and back onto her scooter”并結(jié)合語境可知，此處應(yīng)指她喝完了咖啡然后起身去騎踏板車。A項(xiàng)意為“傾，倒”；B項(xiàng)意為“完成”；C項(xiàng)意為“命令，訂購，點(diǎn)(酒菜等)”；D項(xiàng)意為“購買”。8A.neednt BshouldntCwouldnt Dmustnt解析：C考查情態(tài)動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“she telephoned the place she purchased(購買)it from”以及第二段第一句“An engineer _10_ within 5 minutes.”可知，踏板車壞了，啟動不了。由此可知，C項(xiàng)

31、“wouldnt”符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“不必”；B項(xiàng)意為“不應(yīng)該”；D項(xiàng)意為“禁止”，均與語境不符。9A.so BuntilCunless Dbefore解析：D考查連詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，她在給賣踏板車的地方打電話之前，又嘗試轉(zhuǎn)動了幾下鑰匙。A項(xiàng)意為“因此”；B項(xiàng)意為“直到”；C項(xiàng)意為“除非”；D項(xiàng)意為“在之前”。10A.broke in Bturned upCran away Dsettled down解析：B考查動詞短語辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“she telephoned the place she purchased(購買)it from”可知，在給賣踏板車的地方打電話之后，工程師在五分鐘之

32、內(nèi)就到了。A項(xiàng)意為“闖入，打斷”；B項(xiàng)意為“出現(xiàn)，露面，到達(dá)”；C項(xiàng)意為“逃跑”；D項(xiàng)意為“定居，安定下來”。11A.tolerate BallowCresist Dpostpone解析：C考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“overhearing(偷聽)their conversation”并結(jié)合語境可知，作者忍不住偷聽了他們的談話。A項(xiàng)意為“容忍”；B項(xiàng)意為“允許”；C項(xiàng)意為“抵制”；D項(xiàng)意為“推遲”。cant/couldnt resist doing sth.意為“忍不住做某事”，符合語境。12A.collected B. stolenCfixed Dabandoned解析：A考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)

33、下文中的“This was her very first outing in it”可知，她那天上午剛從店里取了車，這是她第一次把它騎出來。A項(xiàng)意為“收集，領(lǐng)走”；B項(xiàng)意為“偷”；C項(xiàng)意為“固定，修理”；D項(xiàng)意為“放棄，遺棄”。13A.concerned BexcitedCconfident Dnervous解析：D考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“she wasnt used to its speed”并結(jié)合常識可知，這是她第一次騎踏板車，所以她應(yīng)該是很緊張。A項(xiàng)意為“擔(dān)心的，憂慮的”；B項(xiàng)意為“興奮的”；C項(xiàng)意為“有信心的”；D項(xiàng)意為“緊張的”。14A.Doubtfully BCertainl

34、yCFortunately DSurprisingly解析：B考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“This was her very first outing in it”可知，這是她第一次騎踏板車出門，當(dāng)然會不習(xí)慣它的車速。A項(xiàng)意為“懷疑地”；B項(xiàng)意為“當(dāng)然，肯定”；C項(xiàng)意為“幸運(yùn)地”；D項(xiàng)意為“吃驚地”。15A.width BlengthCweight Dheight解析：A考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“she wasnt used to its speed”和下文中的“to drive it through narrow gaps”可知，她既不習(xí)慣車速，也不習(xí)慣它的寬度。width意為“寬度”，與

35、下文中的“narrow gaps”照應(yīng)，符合語境。16A.cool BconvenientCstressful Ddesperate解析：C考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，她那天早上是第一次騎踏板車出門，她既不習(xí)慣它的車速，也不習(xí)慣它的寬度，這讓她在狹小的空間里駕馭踏板車很有壓力。A項(xiàng)意為“涼爽的，冷靜的，酷的”；B項(xiàng)意為“方便的”；C項(xiàng)意為“有壓力的”；D項(xiàng)意為“令人絕望的，極度渴望的”。17A.pleasure BregretCappreciation Dsympathy解析：D考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語境并結(jié)合上文描述這位女士騎車時(shí)的艱難可知，當(dāng)了解到實(shí)情后，作者突然對這個(gè)婦女的遭遇感到同情。A項(xiàng)意為“快樂”；B項(xiàng)意為“后悔”；C項(xiàng)意為“感激，欣賞”；D項(xiàng)意為“同情”。18A.strike BbotherCsatisfy Dmotivate解析：B考查動詞辨析。作者在知道了這位婦女的情況之后，很同情她，也不再惱火她軋到