鉆床主軸進給機構改造--變速機構設計論文[帶圖紙].doc

鉆床主軸進給機構改造——變速機構設計1編號無錫太湖學院畢業(yè)設計（論文）題目：鉆床主軸進給機構改造——變速機構設計信機系機械工程及自動化專業(yè)學號：學生姓名：指導教師：（職稱：副教授）（職稱：）2013年5月25日無錫太湖學院學士學位論文2無錫太湖學院本科畢業(yè)設計（論文）誠信承諾書本人鄭重聲明：所呈交的畢業(yè)設計（論文）鉆床主軸進給機構改造——變速機構設計是本人在導師的指導下獨立進行研究所取得的成果，其內(nèi)容除了在畢業(yè)設計（論文）中特別加以標注引用，表示致謝的內(nèi)容外，本畢業(yè)設計（論文）不包含任何其他個人、集體已發(fā)表或撰寫的成果作品。班級：機械97學號：0923822作者姓名：2013年5月25日鉆床主軸進給機構改造——變速機構設計3摘要隨著先進制造技術的發(fā)展和進步，數(shù)控加工已成為機加工過程中的一種主流技術。這一技術的運用提高了機加工過程中工作效率和加工精度。數(shù)控多工位鉆床就是提高鉆削加工精度和效率的一種很好的機加工工具。本文對數(shù)控多工位鉆床進行了設計，采用了普通車床設計的步驟和方法，綜合考慮數(shù)控機床的特點。從切削力入手確定主軸及電機，到整個機床的結構設計和機床的控制。最后到對機床初始化程序設計。本文完成數(shù)控多工位鉆床的資料收集與國、內(nèi)外現(xiàn)狀的調(diào)查比較，提出較為可行的方案；完成機床的機械結構設計計算與電氣控制系統(tǒng)設計，初步完成控制系統(tǒng)的軟硬件設計。本設計是關于將普通鉆床改造為多工位加工鉆床的結構設計。普通鉆床為單軸機床，且工件安裝后需要進行反復調(diào)整，工件上有相互位置要求的各表面間的位置精度就會受到很多因素的影響，通過設計改造成快速主軸、移動工作臺和具有一定回轉精度的能實現(xiàn)多工位加工的鉆床后，能大大地縮短加工時間，提高生產(chǎn)效率。因此本設計主要從鉆床的主軸箱設計、移動工作臺設計及工作臺的回轉設計幾個方面，對普通鉆床進行一定的結構改進，實現(xiàn)多工位加工，以符合現(xiàn)代機械加工的要求。關鍵詞：多工位鉆床；生產(chǎn)效率；主軸箱無錫太湖學院學士學位論文4AbstractWiththemanufacturingdevelopment,numericalcontrolmanufacturinghasbecomeoneofthemajoradvancedtechnologies.efficiencyandaccuracyhasbeenimprovedinapplicationofthetechnology.Numericalcontrolauto-drillingmachineisakindofthenewmachinetoolsthatcanimprovethemachiningaccuracyandefficiency.ThepanerhasdesignedforNumericalcontrolauto-drillingmachine,usingdesignmethodoftheordinarylathe,andconsideringthecharacteristicofthenumericalcontrolmachinetoolssynthetically.cuttingforcehasbeencalculated,thestructuralandthecontrolsystemhasbeendesigned.Finally,thesoftwareroutinehasbeenexplored.Thispanerhasfinishedcompletedainvestigationofinternalandexternalofcurrentsituationfornumericalcontrolmultistage-drillingmachine,andcomparedit,putforwardafeasiblescheme；completedthemechanicalstructuraldesignancalculatedanddesignedtheelectriccontrolsystem,andfinishedthesoftwareandhardwareofthecontrolsystemtentatively.Thedesignisaboutreconstructingtheordinarydrilltocarryoutmultiplepositiondrill.Theordinarydrillisasingledrill.Themachiningaccuracyofthework-piecewillbeaffectedbythemount.Becausetheexactpositionofwork-piecewillbeaffectedbytheadjustment.Itwillpromoteitsproductiveefficiency,shortenitsprocessingtimethroughthedesignoftherapidspindle,movingandevolutionworktable.Hereby,thekeystoneofthisdesignpaperishowtodesigntherapidspindle,movingandevolutionworktable.Keywords:multipledrill；productiveefficiency；multiplespindleheads鉆床主軸進給機構改造——變速機構設計5目錄摘要..............................................................................................................................3Abstract..........................................................................................................................4目錄...............................................................................................................................V1緒論............................................................................................................................81.1鉆床的工藝范圍...........................................................................................................81.2鉆床的類型....................................................................................................................81.2.1臺式鉆床................................................................................................81.2.2立式鉆床................................................................................................81.2.3搖臂鉆床................................................................................................91.3鉆削加工的特點...........................................................................................................91.3.1多軸加工的特點..................................................................................101.3.1多工位加工的特點..............................................................................101.4論文研究的內(nèi)容及意義...........................................................................................101.5本文所做的工作.........................................................................................................102機械傳動方案確定..................................................................................................112.1設計內(nèi)容分析.............................................................................................................112.2機械傳動方案的選擇.................................................................................................112.2.1總體傳動方案選擇..............................................................................112.2.2總體傳動方案確定..............................................................................123主軸傳動部件設計..................................................................................................143.1切削力的計算.............................................................................................................143.1.1機床工況要求......................................................................................143.1.2切削力和切削扭矩的計算..................................................................143.2主軸齒輪傳動方案確定...........................................................................................163.2.1設定齒輪傳動方案..............................................................................163.2.2主軸傳動設計和計算..........................................................................174工作臺縱向進給機構的設計..................................................................................254.1工作臺縱向進給負載分析及計算.........................................................................254.1.1摩擦阻力計算......................................................................................254.1.2等效轉動慣量計算..............................................................................254.1.3絲杠摩擦阻力矩的計算......................................................................264.1.4等效負載轉矩的計算..........................................................................264.1.5起動慣性阻力矩的計算......................................................................264.1.6步進電機輸出軸總的負載轉矩的計算..............................................264.2縱向進給步進電機選擇...........................................................................................26