高一英語動(dòng)詞不定式1.ppt

,動(dòng)詞不定式 動(dòng)詞不定式的基本形式是“to+動(dòng)詞原形“，有時(shí)可以不帶to.動(dòng)詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句子中不能作謂語。在句中可以作主語、表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語和狀語。,構(gòu)成：to + do(動(dòng)詞原形),用法： 用作賓語 (v. + to do ) I want to buy a computer. She hopes to find a better job. I wish to go with you.,2. 用作賓語補(bǔ)足語：(v. + sb. + to do ),She asked me to help her. The teacher told him to come on time. Edisons mother taught him to read and write.,作賓語補(bǔ)足語不帶to 的情況：,Let me do it. I saw him cross the street. 常見動(dòng)詞有： 使役動(dòng)詞: let, make, have 感官動(dòng)詞: see, watch, hear, feel, listen to, notice, observe 比較： I heard her singing in the next room. I heard her sing in the next room.,3. 用作狀語(adverbial)：,He came to show me his new CD player. I went there to see my teacher. She came back to get her English book. The boy was too frightened to move. They lifted the rock only to drop it on their own feet.(想不到的或不愉快的結(jié)果）,(目的),(目的),(目的),（結(jié)果）,only to-, too-to-, enough to-, so-as to-, such-as to-,4.用作主語,1.To be here at Christmas time is my dream.,2. To go abroad is his dream.,3. To say is easy, to do is difficult.,（這時(shí)可將其用形式主語it來替換）,It is my dream to be here at Christmas time.,It is his dream to go abroad.,It is easy to say, it is difficult to do.,5.用作表語,His work is to feed the animals.,Her job is to look after the patients.,My wish is to be a scientist.,6.用作定語,Give me something to drink.,I have two books to read.,They have much food to eat.,（這時(shí)不定式與被修飾詞有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。 若是不及物動(dòng)詞，介詞不能省略）,He asked for a room to live in.,I dont have a pen to write with.,The ice is hard enough to skate on.,He bought a toy to play with.,7.疑問詞who, what, which, where, when, how 加to do可構(gòu)成不定式短語，在句中可用作主語、 賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、表語等。,When to start has not been decided.,I dont know what to do.,He can tell you where to get the book.,The question is who(m) to ask.,(主語),(賓語),(賓語補(bǔ)足語),(表語),注意：在與why連用時(shí)，只用于why或why not開頭的簡短疑問句中，緊跟的動(dòng)詞不定式不帶to Why not have a rest? Why waste so much time playing games?,比較（Compare）,I dont know what to do. I dont know how to do it. I dont know what to do about it.,非謂語動(dòng)詞（動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)詞-ing形式),1. He has promised to behave better later. 2. The boy decided not to become a sailor. 3. I hope to go to college. 4. He agreed to help us. 5. She chose to study chemistry. 6. He failed to persuade him. 7. Do you wish to eat alone?,promise, decide, hope, agree, choose, fail, wish, learn,+ to do sth.,I.,Eg.,enjoy, finish, keep, mind suggest, cant help,e.g 1. 他對(duì)聽音樂總是興致勃勃。 He always enjoys listening to music. 2. 我打掃完房間了 I have finished cleaning the room. 3. 你不能像這樣老變主意。 You shouldnt keep changing your ideas like this.,+ doing sth.,my coming,going out,crying,4. Would you mind _ with you? 5. He suggested _ for a walk. 6. I couldnt help _.,II.,love, hate, forget, remember stop, like, try , mean,+,to do sth. doing sth.,1. Mary loves_. 2. I hate _. 3. 她忘記寄這封信了。 She forgot _. 4. 我永遠(yuǎn)忘不了初次寄信的情景。 Ill never forget _ a letter for the first time. 5. I remember _ her once. = I remember that I _ ( see )her once. 6. Remember _ me. = I hope youll phone me.,reading / to read,to trouble / troubling him,to post the letter,III.,posting,seeing,saw,to phone,他停下來跟我說話。He stopped _. 他停止講話 He stopped _. 他喜歡游泳。He likes _. 我不想打擾你。I dont like _. 她試著寫作文。She tried _. 她設(shè)法打電話找你。She tried _ 我本來打算今天給你這本書的，可是我忘了。 I meant _ today, but I forgot. 這意味著浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。This means _ much time.,to talk with me,talking,swimming,to disturb you,writing a composition,to get you on the phone,to give you this book,wasting,IV.,ask, tell, get, wish , want, teach, know, understand,1. I asked him _here early.,+ sb. to do sth.,to come,to see,to run,to say,2. Get him _ a doctor. 勸他去找醫(yī)生看看。,3. Ive known him _very fast. 我聽說他跑得比較快。,4. What did you understand him _? 你認(rèn)為他說的是什么意思呢？,make, have , let , see, watch, hear, feel , notice,+ sb. do sth.,e.g I cant make the horse go. 我無法使這匹馬走動(dòng)。 I wont have (允許，容許) you say such things. 我可不許你說這樣的話。 My mother wouldnt let me go to the film. 我媽媽不會(huì)讓我去看電影的。 Did you notice him leave the house? 你看到他離開房間了嗎？ I often hear him sing the song.,Sb. + be done + to do sth.,e.g He is often heard _ the song. They were made _ day and night.,V.,to sing,to work,.,be +,happy, glad, pleased angry, sorry, lucky slow, quick, careful ready, nice,+ to do sth.,e.g I am sorry to hear that. He is wrong to say so. I was very lucky to get a copy so cheap. “我這么便宜地買到一本,真是幸運(yùn)極了。 * quick to learn sth. * 學(xué)某事學(xué)得快 Be careful not to fall off the ladder. 當(dāng)心別從梯子上掉下來。 He is ready to help . 愿意幫忙,.,e.g I found it very important to learn English well. I feel it my duty to do so.,think, make, find, feel,+ it + adj. / n + to do sth.,= I found that _ _very important to learn English well.,it was,= I feel that _ _my duty to do so.,it is,Its +,e.g It is hard _ you to do it well . = For you to do it well is hard.,+ ( for + sb. ) + to do sth.,Its +,difficult, hard, easy, possible, impossible important,+ ( of + sb. ) + to do sth.,clever,wise, kind, good, right, nice wrong, bad, cruel silly, stupid, foolish careful, careless, .,for,of,It is kind _ you to help me. = You are kind to help me.,Its clever _ him to say so.,It is impossible _ you to finish it.,It was wrong _ you to tell a lie.,It was careless _ you to make so many mistakes in the exam.,It is silly _ her to do such a thing.,It is important _ you to learn English well.,of,for,of,of,of,for,e.g, .,e.g They had no room to live _. The pen is very good to write _. The chair is nice to sit _ .,what / where / when / how / why + to do sth.,e.g How to do it is still a question. Have you decided when to hold the party ?,in,with,on, .,Exercises:,1. - Youve done very well this time. - Its really kind _. A. for you to say so B. for you saying so C. of you to say so D. of you saying so 2. It is better to lose ones life than _. A. if you lose your spirit B. losing his spirit C. to lose ones spirit D. your spirit getting lost,C,C,3. I cant work in this way. - Why not _ it in some other way? A. try to do B. try doing C. trying to do D. trying doing 4. Since you find it difficult _ a decision, youd better a discussion( 討論) with your parents. A. reach; have B. reaching; have C. reach; having D. to reach; have,B,D,5. My father hates(痛恨) _. He never allows me _. A. to smoke; to smoke B. smoking; smoking C. smoke; smoking D. smoking; to smoke 6. The girl was beginning _. A. get angry B. to get angry C. getting angry D. angry,D,B,7. There isnt any difference between the two. I really dont know _. A. where to choose B. which to choose C. what to choose D. to choose which 8. The bag is too heavy for me _. A. to carry it B. not to carry it C. to carry D. not to carry 9. The teacher will teach him _. A. to use B. use it C. how to use it D. uses,B,C,C,找出句子中的不定式，并說出作用：,It takes you ten minutes to get there. I hope to see him soon. His wish is to become an artist. People eat to live, but not live to eat. I have a lot to tell you. Its not right to be always thinking of oneself. We often see him play football.,定語,主語,狀語,表語,賓語,主語,賓語補(bǔ)足語,Exercise,跳舞非常有趣。 種些植物是非常有必要的。 說英語對(duì)我來說并不容易。 聽到你的聲音真高興。,To dance is a lot of fun.,It is a lot of fun to dance.,To grow plants is very important.,To hear your voice is so nice.,To speak English is not easy for me.,It is so nice to hear your voice.,Exercise,我的工作是每天打掃這間屋子。 最上策的計(jì)劃就是馬上離開這兒。 3 我的夢想就是成為一名科學(xué)家。,My work is to clean the room every day.,The best plan is to leave at once.,My dream is to be a scientist.,Exercise,他想借用我的錄音機(jī)。 他們開始讀和寫。 李琳喜歡玩什么？她喜歡踢足球。 你長大了想做什么？,He wants to borrow my radio.,They began to read and write.,What sports does Li Lin like to play? She likes to play soccer.,What do you want to be when you grow up?,1 我有許多書要看。 2 她有幾個(gè)問題要問。 3 他有一臺(tái)電視要修。 4. 我沒什么可擔(dān)心的。,I have many books to read.,She has a few questions to ask.,He has a TV set to repair.,I have nothing to worry about.,他是一個(gè)值得信賴的人。 6 愛迪生是第一個(gè)發(fā)明電燈的人。 7 他那生病母親最多可活三個(gè)月。,He is a man to believe in.,Edison was the first man to invent the lights.,His sick mother has three months to live at most.,They looked for him everywhere and found him _ under the tree. a. lies b. lying c. lay d. lain,考點(diǎn)：see/