世界上最好的新概念筆記之第三課“ Matterhorn man”.docx

Lesson 3 Matterhorn man - Matterhornmt:,h:n n.馬特洪峰（阿爾卑斯山峰之一，位于瑞士與意大利之間的邊境）New words and expressions1.alpinistlpnstn. 登山家/登山運(yùn)動員(高水平的攀爬)-climberklamn.1.攀緣植物 2.攀高枝者 (social climber) 3.登山者/攀巖者 4. 爬桿腳扣/鐵釘助爬器 -mountaineermantn n登山者 vi . climb mountains for pleasure as a sport-alpslps n. 阿爾卑斯山脈/山-alpinelpanadj.1.阿爾卑斯山的/居民的 2.生長于樹木線以上的/高山生長的 3. 具有阿爾卑斯人種特征的2.pioneerpann.1.先驅(qū)/開拓者 2.拓荒者 vt.1.開辟 2. 首創(chuàng)/倡導(dǎo) 3.拓荒 -pioneeringpanradj. 開創(chuàng)性的/首創(chuàng)的Yu Minhong pioneered XDF in 1993, and eventually became a pioneer in the foreign languages training realm.3.summitsmtn. 1.政府領(lǐng)導(dǎo)會議/首腦會議=summit meeting (國家之間)元首級會談/峰會 2.最高水平/階層/最大程度 3.頂點(diǎn)(山/山丘) vt.到達(dá)山頂-peakpikn.1.峰值 2.鼎盛時期 3. 最高水平/階層/最大程度 4.頂點(diǎn) 5.一個V形 6. (帽子等的)帽舌/遮檐 v.1.(使)達(dá)到最高峰 2.(使)達(dá)到最大量 3.變消瘦 peak and pine 變得消瘦且憔悴adj. 1.最高/最大量的 2.高峰的 peak hours 高峰時間 peak season 旺季The scenery sinr風(fēng)景;舞臺布景is at the peak of the mountain.無限風(fēng)光在頂峰。-toptpn.1.任何東西上部top to toe 從頭到腳 2. 一切東西最頂部 3. 美棒球(一局比賽的)前半局= the first half上半場 4. 最高水平/階層/最大程度at the top of 5. 船舶學(xué)桅樓/桅桿臺 6.陀螺玩具 7.外套(女) 8. 美國俚語(尤指馬戲團(tuán)的)大帳篷 v.1.超過 2.不接觸的跳過/越過 3.在.最高點(diǎn)；組成/構(gòu)成了頂部 4. 比強(qiáng)/優(yōu)秀 5.提供蓋(或頂) ；給加蓋(或頂) 6.到達(dá)/升到頂部 7. 【體育】擊球的上部/擊(球)使向前旋轉(zhuǎn) 8. 切斷/截去頂端to top a tall tree 9.成為最終的結(jié)果 10. 結(jié)束/完結(jié)They topped off their dinner with a cognac ; top the evening with champagne4.attaintenv.1.經(jīng)過努力得到/到達(dá) 2.出乎意料的發(fā)現(xiàn)/找到/獲得-attain ones goal=realizerilaz= attain to 達(dá)到/獲得/實(shí)現(xiàn)-conquerkkv.1.克制/武力鎮(zhèn)壓 conquer ones desires 2.武力掠奪 3.征服/打敗 conquer your fears conquer a country- get to到達(dá)-arrive at/in到達(dá)-attain ones goal=realize= attain to= attain-attain the top/peak/summit達(dá)到頂點(diǎn)-attainmenttenm()nt= accomplishment kmplm()nt; km-n. 1.達(dá)到/完成的行為 2. 常作復(fù)數(shù)技能/學(xué)識-the attainment of independence his attainment of puberty was delayed by malnutrition形近詞：-obtainbten vt/vi1. 獲得How did you obtain the visa?-sustainssten v.1.延長(空間/時間) 2.經(jīng)受(傷痛/疾病) 3.提供營養(yǎng)(物) 4. 保持/維持 5. 確認(rèn)/證明合法 6. 用使穩(wěn)固/證實(shí)/加強(qiáng)-detaindten vt. 1.拘留； 2.使停止/暫停 3. 耽擱，使延遲-retainrten vt.1.保存This soil retains water ; I retain this drug for a long time2.仍然是；保留在位置=remain She retains a lawyer 3.保持于腦中 I cannot retain so much information5.perilousperlsadj.讓人擔(dān)驚受怕的 -a perilous voyagevd across the Atlantic in a small boat-perilperln.1. (損失東西的/遭受不幸的) 危險(xiǎn)的情形 2.冒險(xiǎn)vt.1.威脅；使危險(xiǎn) 2. 置于危險(xiǎn)中/不利條件/困境的環(huán)境中-precariousprkersadj.1.靠不住的a precarious truce 2.擔(dān)驚受怕的the precarious life of an undersea diver 3.不安全的a precarious footing on the ladder-avalanchevl:nt n/v雪崩；-riskrsk 1. (損失東西的/遭受不幸的)危險(xiǎn)的情形 2.感染危險(xiǎn)性 3.曝光的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)vt.1.冒的危險(xiǎn) 2.冒險(xiǎn)干-riskyrskadj.1.危險(xiǎn)的 2.擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的 3. 冒險(xiǎn)的-dangerousdendrsadj. 危險(xiǎn)的6.shudderd n1.戰(zhàn)栗(恐懼/驚嚇/疾病) v.1.冷的發(fā)抖 2.恐懼/興奮神經(jīng)性的抽動 -shiver vn.1.戰(zhàn)栗(恐懼/驚嚇/興奮) v.1. 恐懼/興奮神經(jīng)性的抽動 2. 冷的發(fā)抖-tremble trembl n/vi顫抖；戰(zhàn)栗；搖晃；發(fā)抖； v.1.搖晃；戰(zhàn)栗-quiver kwv n.1.戰(zhàn)栗(動作) 2. 箭袋 3.震動行為vt/vi. 1.抖動大動作顫抖 2.震動 3.有規(guī)則的交替行為7.court （multiplemltpl meaningsmnz多義詞）-courtier kt n. 朝臣；奉承者；諂媚者-courteousktjs adj. 彬彬有禮的；謙恭的-court kt n. 法院；球場；朝廷；奉承 ；求婚 vt. 招致（失敗、危險(xiǎn)等）；追求 ；求婚- prideprad n.1.自尊心 2.對成就/成績滿意/自豪take pride in 3.自大/驕傲 4.一群獅子 v. be proud of 以而驕傲 pride oneself on以自鳴得意 He prides himself on making it into law school同義詞：-pursuepsju v.1.從事(工作)/參加(活動) 3.追趕/尾隨 4. 尋求/追求 5.繼續(xù)干-woo wu vt. 1.追求/向求愛 2.尋求喜歡的東西-hunt for 搜尋/尋找8.solitaryslitri n.1.單獨(dú)拘禁=solitary confinement 2.遁世者/隱居者 adj.1.喜歡孤獨(dú)的/不喜交往的 2.單獨(dú)的 3.孤單的 4.單個的= alone ln 5.隱蔽而遙遠(yuǎn)的 a solitary retreat 一個偏僻的住所-solitudesltjudn.1.孤獨(dú) 2.隱居 3.寂寞 4.偏僻(或荒涼)的地方I live in solitude.=I live a lonely life. lnladj.*前綴-sol-獨(dú)*-solosln.1.獨(dú)奏/獨(dú)唱 2.獨(dú)奏曲 adj.1.獨(dú)奏的/獨(dú)唱的 2.單獨(dú)的 vi. 單獨(dú)表演;獨(dú)唱；獨(dú)奏； vt. 單人攀登；單獨(dú)駕機(jī)【航空學(xué)】9.impoverishmpvr vt. 1.使貧窮 2.使(力氣、資源等)枯竭 -poorp adj. 1.貧窮的 2.可憐的 3.貧乏的（口語詞）povertypvtn. 1.貧困 2.缺少 2.低劣羅素名言：A great many ln man will cheerfully face impoverishment if they can secure有把握的 complete ruin for their rivalravl hencehens因此 present現(xiàn)在的 level of taxationtksen. 許多人會高興的面對貧困，如果他們能使對手落魄，因此出現(xiàn)了現(xiàn)在的稅收水平。- rival ravl n.對手/競爭者 vt.與競爭 vi.競爭 -taxationtksenn.1.征稅 2.稅款-taxtksn.1.稅/稅款 2.義務(wù) vt.1.對征稅 2.向(政府)繳稅10.settlementsetlmntn.1.處理/解決 2.定居/安頓/穩(wěn)定 3.移民/殖民(地) 4.會計(jì) 結(jié)算 5.下陷/下沉 11.riddenrdn adj.難以擺脫的-ridrd vt.使擺脫(常與 of 連用)； -flea-ridden fli adj. 充滿跳蚤的 debt-ridden adj. 債務(wù)纏身的 fear-ridden恐懼纏身的-crisis-ridden 危機(jī)重重的 -crisiskrass n.1. 危機(jī) 2.轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)/階段 12.coarseksadj. 1.(質(zhì)地)粗糙的 2.俗氣的 3.下等的/低級的 4. 粗魯?shù)?unrefinednrfand adj.1.未提煉的/未加工的 2. (人)庸俗的How can a refined girl be drawn to such an unrefined man?- be drawn to 被所吸引- How can 怎么能夠/哪能/怎會-roughrf n. (高爾夫球場上平坦球道兩旁的)深草障礙區(qū)域 v.1.預(yù)先準(zhǔn)備; 2.畫出的輪廓(常與in或out連用)： adj.1. (質(zhì)地)粗糙的 2.人或行為庸俗的 3.粗略的 4. 充滿艱苦/磨礪的 5.煩躁的 6.刺耳的 7.好斗的 8. 高低不平的/崎嶇的 9.未修剪的 10.魯莽的/笨拙的 11.不完善的 12.殘忍的/不文明的-coarse fare粗糧fe-refined fare細(xì)糧-in a coarse manner方式 粗暴無禮13.boastbstn.自夸/吹牛 vt.1.夸耀/顯擺 2.擁有以人作主語sb boast of /about sth，夸耀；以物作主語sth boast sth，擁有He boasted that of his knowledge.14.shelterelt n.1.避難所/躲避風(fēng)雨的地方 2.保護(hù) 3.收容所 vt. 1.保護(hù) 2.(為避稅而)把(利潤)用于再投資-shelter forest林防護(hù)林-forestfrst n.森林/林地 vt.植樹于/使成為森林-shelter from保護(hù)某人不受打擊15.parishionerprin n. 教區(qū)居民 -parishprn. 1.教區(qū) 2.主教管區(qū)中牧師管轄的行政區(qū)16.shepherdepdn.牧羊人 vt. 1.牧羊 2.管看17.accustomkstmvt.使習(xí)慣于-be accustomed to+ 名詞、動名詞-accustom oneself to養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣;使自己習(xí)慣于- used to + 名詞、動名詞習(xí)慣于 I am used to the life in Beijing. I am used to living in Beijing.- used to do 過去常常18.linenlnnn. 1.亞麻布(或紗、線) 2.亞麻織物 3. 常復(fù)數(shù)亞麻制品(如服裝/床用品等)Notes on the textWhat was the main objective of early mountain climbers?- objectivebdektiv, b- n.1.目標(biāo)(客觀的/理性的) 2. 光物鏡 adj.1.客觀的/理性的 2.賓格的 第一段1.句子分析Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport, and the more difficult it is, the more highly it is regarded. In the pioneering days however, this was not the case at all. The early climbers were looking for the easiest way to the top because the summit was the prize they sought, especially if it (summit) had never been attained before (they sought). It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, equipped (so poor) in a manner which would make a modern climber shudder at the thought (their poor equipment), but they did not go out of their way to court such excitement. They had a single aim, a solitary goal-the top!- routeru:tn. 1.路線/路 v.經(jīng)具體的路線送 - sportsp:t 1.運(yùn)動 2.運(yùn)動職業(yè) 3.運(yùn)動員 4.生物學(xué)基因突變產(chǎn)生的生物 5.娛樂/消遣 6.愚弄對象 v.1.顯擺/夸耀 2.玩耍/嬉戲/游戲- regardrgd n.1.尊重 2.(對孩子/無助者)特別關(guān)照 3. 復(fù)數(shù)致意/問候 4.凝視 5.(欣賞的)態(tài)度 v.1.deem to bedim 2.周到地考慮/重視 3.涉及/與有關(guān)- regard as 把認(rèn)作-regard( sb) with (對)持態(tài)度Dad, I regard you with horror. hrn. 驚駭;恐懼-disregarddisri:dn. 1.忽視 2.疏忽/怠慢(故意疏忽)/ 不尊重 v.1.不顧/不理會 2.不尊重/忽視/不重視- prizepraizn.1.獎品/獎金 2.贓物/掠奪物/橫財(cái)(非法) 3.獎杯 v.1.珍視/珍藏/珍愛 2. 撬起/撬開 3.對重視 adj.頂級的/優(yōu)質(zhì)的prize carnationsk:nein n. 1.園藝康乃馨 2.肉色 adj.肉紅色的- soughts:tseek的過去式和過去分詞seeksik v尋求/尋找/探索 sought-sought- at the thought of一想到 =at the mention of= at the idea of一想起(就)- go out of ones way 特意/故意/自愿= do sth on purpose=intentionally intennli-a(n)+adj+N=a+N+of+a(n)+adj.+nature性質(zhì) dangers of the most perilous nature=The most perilous danger a sincere person=a person of a sincere naturesnsadj.真誠的；-in a manner = in a way 在一定程度上/ 可以說第二段1.句子分析It is hard for us to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers. Except for one or two places such as Zermatt and Chamonix, which had rapidly become popular， Alpine villages tended to be impoverished settlements定居點(diǎn) cut off from civilization by the high mountains. Such inns as there were were generally dirty and flea-ridden; the food simply local cheese tiz accompanied by bread bred often twelve twelv months old, all washed w down with coarse wine. wan -nowadaysnadez n/adv. 現(xiàn)如今/當(dāng)今-cut off=which are cut off- Except for/that,主句(排除不同類別或同類中的一部分)The essay is well written except for some misspellings.I can answer all the questions except for the last one.同類部分排除-except(不用于句首，同類排除)The office is open every day except Sundays.You can have any of the cakes except this one.- such as 比如- rapidrpidn.急流 adj.迅速的 - rapidlyrpdl adv.迅速地 - impoverishedimpvrit adj.1.窮困的 2.破產(chǎn)的-Such inns as there were were generally dirty. -as there were 有兩種理解方式 A such 后多用as 引導(dǎo)定語從句（最準(zhǔn)確） B as there were 插入語 可以這么說 -as it were 可以說 -as it is 事實(shí) This book is, as it were, his life portrait.ptrtn. 肖像； 這本書，可是說，是他的人生寫照。主語Such negotiationsngen談判as there have recently been, about the possibility,psblt可能性of introducing a 35-hour working week, have highlighted使突出some of the difficulties.（such后as 引導(dǎo)定從）因?yàn)樗麄冏罱呀?jīng)進(jìn)行的這個關(guān)于引進(jìn)一周35小時工作制的可能性的談判，已經(jīng)突出了一些難題。2.句子分析Often a valley boasted no inn at all, and climbers found shelter wherever they could-sometimes with the local priest prist (who was usually as poor as his parishioners prn), sometimes with shepherds epd or cheese-makers. Invariably the background was the same: dirt and poverty, and very uncomfortable. For men accustomed to eating seven-course dinners and sleeping between fine linen sheets at home, the change to the Alps must have been very hard indeed. - valleyvl n.山谷- cheesetiz n.食品 奶酪； - invariablynverbl adv.不變地- invariablenverbl n.1.常數(shù)/不變量 adj.1.不變的 2.恒定的- change to 更改為 Education brings br great change to his outlook.(view on life)教育使他的面貌（對生活的看法）產(chǎn)生了很大變化。-outlookatlk n.1.心態(tài)/人生觀 2.前景 3.眺望/瞭望 此句真實(shí)性有待探究Invariably the background was the same: dirt名詞 and poverty名詞，and very uncomfortable.形容詞 （薛老師指出uncomfortable 是與the same并列并非與dirt并列）知識拓展句型練習(xí) 表示讓步的句型A It is true that those (定從)who are born in the purple have many advantages, but they pay dearly昂貴地 for them.-born in the purple 出身顯貴-purplepp()l n.1.紫色 2.帝位/王位 he was born to the purple v.1.使成紫色 2.變紫 adj. 1.紫色的 2. 帝王的 3.辭藻完美的-dearlydladj.1.真誠的/由衷的 2.昂貴地 3.充滿深情地/一往情深地B Granted adv的確, life is a tragedy at times有時and a comedy very often, but as a rule通常來說 it is what we choose to make it.-grantedrntd adv.的確;conj.誠然-comedy kmd n.1. 喜??； 2.有趣的事情-comedic kmidk adj. 喜劇的- tragedy trdd1. 災(zāi)難 2. 悲劇(戲劇)- tragic trdk adj. 1.令人極為沮喪的/悲痛的 亦作tragical， 2. 悲劇性的C While it is true that oddballs are generally unwelcome, some degree of tolerance容忍 is reasonably necessary. nesisri-oddballdbln. 怪人；怪胎 adj.古怪的-tolerancetlrns n. 1.公差 2.寬容/容忍 3.忍耐力2.regard 重視They usually assume with good reason, that others regard them highly, even envyenv them.- reason ri:zn n. 1.原因/理由 2.理解力 3.合理性 v.1.推理出/推論出= reason out 2.勸說/講道理(常與with連用)- season siz()nn. 1.一段時間 2.季節(jié) v.1.給.加香料/調(diào)味 2. 使適應(yīng) 3.使緩和/使合適3.模擬寫作 It is hard for us to realize how difficult it was for him to pursue a Ph.D degree. He was born in a farmers family in an impoverished village, which is cut off from civilization by the high mountains. Such villages as there are backward and insular. While at the university, he was very assiduous and, to alleviate his familys severe financial burdens, worked all the way through his four years education. God favors prepared minds. Now he has be