




已閱讀5頁,還剩6頁未讀, 繼續(xù)免費閱讀
版權說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內容提供方,若內容存在侵權,請進行舉報或認領
文檔簡介
城市軌道交通專業(yè)英語 課程教案(第7周12節(jié))授課題目Unit 2 Knowledge of TrafficLesson 6 Introduction to the Transportation Planning process (上) 授課類型講授型教學目標Master the knowledge of Transportation Planning 重 點Transportation Planning難 點 transportation survey, in which an attempt is made to take an inventory of the trip making pattern as it exists at the present time, together with details of the travel facilities available and the land-use activities and socio-economic factors that can be considered to influence travel.句子中的 transportation survey是先行詞;后面 in which 為定語從句,用法與where相同 。which 指代transportation survey; 在 in which 定語從句中,an attempt 為主語, be made為被動時態(tài) , to take an inventory of the trip 是賓語,making pattern as it exists at the present time 修飾 the trip; together with作為插入語,用法與 with相同, together作為副詞修飾 with; together with 后面接的成分可理解為details of the travel facilities,details of the land-use activities, details of socio-economic factors, 其中that 為定語從句中的關系詞,修飾travel facilities, the land-use activities, socio-economic factors三個先行詞; 在that引導的定語從中, be considered to influence travel為被動時態(tài)。+ friJLif life situation. of the real life situation, Recently trips a proportion of has been assigned to alternative links; between and link fig % * k ; in an attempt to to produce *J3JiJ6Et, a realistic simulation of the real life situation.教學過程 結合同學們對城市交通規(guī)劃的認知程度,根據(jù)教材詳細講述交通規(guī)劃等相關知識以及文中生詞、短語、及語法結構作 業(yè)1.New Words and Expressions2. Notes on the text主要教學內容 Introduction to the Transportation Planning process交通規(guī)劃程序概述1. Transportation Planning交通規(guī)劃In the past, large urban areas have frequently suffered from transportation congestion. 昔日的大城市常常遭受交通擁擠之苦。It has been recorded that in the first century vehicular traffic, except for chariots and official vehicles, was prohibited from entering Rome during the hours Of daylight. 據(jù)記載, 在 1 世紀除了高級的四輪馬車和官宦乘坐的車輛外、 其他一切車輛在白天不準許進人羅馬城。While congestion has existed in urban areas, the predominantly pedestrian mode of transport prevented the problem from becoming too serious . 這在當時以步行方式為主的市區(qū)內 ,雖然會發(fā)生擁塞現(xiàn)象 , 但還不至于出現(xiàn)太嚴重的交通問題。until the new forms of individual transport of the twentieth century began to demand greater highway capacity. 到了20世紀, 出現(xiàn)了新型的個人交通形式以后,就開始要求道路具備更大的通行能力。Changes in transport mode frequently produce changes in land-use patterns; 交通運輸方式的改變使城市用地布局也發(fā)生了變化 ,for example, the introduction of frequent and rapid rail services in the outer suburbs Of London resulted in considerable residential development in the areas adjacent to local stations. 例如 : 在英國倫敦 , 因為在遠郊區(qū)采用了班次既多速度又快的鐵路服務,結果使車站附近地區(qū)建設了大量的住宅。Recently, the availability of private transport which cannot be served economically by public transport has led to the growth of housing development.最近 , 由于私人汽車的大量使用 , 使原本不能經濟地提供公共交通服務的住宅開發(fā)得以增長。The renewal of many urban areas is much slower than the changes of the transportation modes and the greatest difficulty is that it is hard to accommodate the increasing private car. 很多城市舊城區(qū)的改建進程,已經落后于當前交通運輸方式的改變,其中最大問題是不能容納日益增長的私家車。Before the early 1950s it was generally believed that the solution to the transportation problem lay in determining highway traffic volumes and then applying a growth factor to ascertain the future traffic demands. 20世紀50年代以前,一般認為解決交通問題的方法在于確定道路的交通量,再采用一個增長系數(shù)來確定將來交通需要量。Many of the early transportation studies carried out in the United Stated during this period saw the problem as being basically one of providing sufficient highway capacity and were concerned almost exclusively with highway transport.美國在這個時期所進行的一些早期的交通研究工作,基本上把這項工作單純地看做是一個提供足夠的道路通行能力的問題,并且只關心道路交通運輸本身。During the early 1950s, it was realized that there was a fundamental connection between traffic needs and land-use activity. 20世紀50年代初,人們意識到交通需求和土地利用活動之間存在著基本聯(lián)系,It led to the study of the transportation requirements of differing land uses as the cause of the problem rather than the study of the existing traffic flow.它導致在交通規(guī)劃中對不同土地使用引起的交通需求問題的研究大大超過了對當前交通量的研究。 The late 1950s and early 1960s saw the commencement of many land use transportation surveys in the United Kingdom and the era of transportation planning methodology could have been said to have commenced.20 世紀50年代末和60年代初,英國開始進行若干土地使用和交通運輸?shù)恼{查工作,可以說這是交通規(guī)劃方法學的萌芽時代。Because the planning of transportation facilities is only one aspect of the overall planning process which affects the quality of life in a developed society, the provision of transport facilities is dependent on the overall economic resources available.在現(xiàn)代社會中,交通規(guī)劃是與人們生活水平有關的總體規(guī)劃程序中的一個重要組成部分,故此交通設施的供應情況依靠于整個社會上可用的經濟資源。 It is dependent on the value that is placed on such factors as environmental conditions, for some transport facilities are considered to detract from the quality of the environment and others can be considered to improve the environment land use and transport planning are also closely connected because the demand for travel facilities has often stimulated land-use activity.它還取決于諸如環(huán)境條件等因素有一些交通設施被認為有損于環(huán)境的質量 , 有的則被認為對環(huán)境有所改善。 交通設施的需求常常刺激土地的開發(fā)利用 , 所以土地利用和交通規(guī)劃兩者之間是緊密相聯(lián)的。Because we are living in a society that is changing rapidly, and in which the rate of change appears to be increasing, it is important for some attempt to be made to develop economic ,environmental , land use, population and transport planning policies. 人類生活在一個日新月異的社會里 ,而社會變化速率與日俱增, 因此嘗試制定經濟發(fā)展、 環(huán)境保護、 上地利用、 人口和交通規(guī)劃等各種政策顯得頗為重要。The fact that planning attempts in all these fields have not met with conspicuous success in the past decade should be taken as an attempt to improve the methodology rather than an indication that short term plans based on expediency or intuition should be employed. 過去 1 0 年中 , 在這些領域中的規(guī)劃工作, 迄今還未獲得顯著的成就。 這一事實說明寧可在規(guī)劃方法學上有所發(fā)展 , 也不能以權宜之計或直觀的想法為根據(jù) 僅以短期規(guī)劃作為指標。Transportation studies may be carried out to determine the necessity or suitability of a variety of transport systems such as inter-city air-links, a new motorway or a combination of private and public transport modes such as is found in a large urbanized conurbation.交通研究可以應用于各種交通系統(tǒng), 借以確定它們的需要程度或適應性。 諸如城市間的航空聯(lián)絡線 ; 又如具有衛(wèi)星城鎮(zhèn)的大城市,一條新的高速公路或 一條小汽車和公共交通混合使用的路線等 , The methodology of these surveys will vary in detail but most transportation surveys that are based on land-use activity tend to be divisible into three major sub-divisions. 上述的這些調查方法 , 雖然細節(jié)方面有所區(qū)別 , 但大多數(shù)還是以上地利用話動為依據(jù)的。交通研究可分為三個要部分:( I ) Transportation survey, in which an attempt is made to take an inventory of the trip making pattern as it exists at the present time, together with details of the travel
溫馨提示
- 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
- 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權益歸上傳用戶所有。
- 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網頁內容里面會有圖紙預覽,若沒有圖紙預覽就沒有圖紙。
- 4. 未經權益所有人同意不得將文件中的內容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文庫網僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內容負責。
- 6. 下載文件中如有侵權或不適當內容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
- 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準確性、安全性和完整性, 同時也不承擔用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。
最新文檔
- 幼兒園恐龍教育
- 車工(銑床)操作培訓
- 建筑施工細部節(jié)點工藝下冊屋面外墻裝飾及景觀工程
- 護理工作成績報告
- 心病腦病科護理查房
- 手機美容行業(yè)報告
- 可選用的培訓材料種類
- 2024-2025學年統(tǒng)編版道德與法治九年級上冊第四單元 和諧與夢想 檢測卷(含答案)
- 內胚竇瘤護理查房
- 中國生物除臭箱市場銷售規(guī)模與投資發(fā)展策略分析報告2025-2031年
- DZ∕T 0399-2022 礦山資源儲量管理規(guī)范(正式版)
- 華為灰度管理法
- 2024年黑龍江省哈爾濱市中考二?;瘜W試題
- 2024糖尿病酮癥酸中毒診斷和治療課件
- 頸后路手術護理查房
- 《采購渠道選擇》課件
- 汽車消費調查問卷
- 《車用動力電池回收利用單體拆解技術規(guī)范》
- 艱難梭菌感染的流行病學調查
- 《手術體位擺放》課件
- CJJ-181-2012(精華部分)城鎮(zhèn)排水管道檢測與評估技術規(guī)程
評論
0/150
提交評論