定語從句1.docx

“介詞+關系代詞”型定語從句五大考點“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句是英語語法中的難點和重點, 近年來高考對這一語法結構的考查大有升溫之勢。為便于同學們學習掌握，筆者扼要地對它的幾種考查熱點進行了歸納和解析，希望同學們能舉一反三，加以掌握并運用?？键c1 簡單介詞+關系代詞 知識歸納：用于此結構的關系代詞指人時只能用whom, 指物時只能用which；介詞選擇的依據主要是根據從句中的動詞、形容詞、名詞與介詞的固定搭配而定；或者以先行詞與從句中的動詞關系及所表達的含義而定；或者以先行詞在定語從句中的作用和含義而定，并且含有介詞的短語動詞不能拆開，介詞仍然放在動詞之后。 高考考例： 1. (2004全國卷) The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _ the sailing time was 226 days. A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which 解析：關系代詞which指代the journey, 定語從句恢復為獨立的句子是：The sailing time of the journey was 226 days.故答案選A。 2. (2004全國卷) The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which 解析：本句主句部分應是The English play at the New Years party was a great success.從句補全為獨立的句子是:My students acted in the play. 故答案選C。 3. (2004上海卷) American women usually identify their best friend as someone _ they can talk frequently. A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom 解析：先行詞為someone,被關系代詞whom代替在從句中作talk with 的賓語，介詞with 可以放在關系代詞之前，identify.as.意為“把當作”，故答案選D。 考點2 復雜介詞+關系代詞 知識歸納： 用于此結構的關系代詞有which, whom, whose。常用于該結構的復雜介詞有：as a result of, at the back of, because of, by means of, for want of, in front of, in case of, on account of等。例如： We got to a house at the back of which was a large garden. Is there a certain test by means of which the No. 1 will be decided? 考點3 簡單介詞+關系代詞+名詞 知識歸納：用于此結構的關系代詞有which, whose。介詞的選擇取決于關系代詞后的名詞及整個句子的含義。 高考考例： (1995上海) In the office, I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m. _ time many people have gone home. A. whose B. that C. on which D. by which 解析：介詞by表示時間的意思是“到那時為止”。這句話的意思是“在辦公室里，我似乎直到下午5：30才有空，那時許多人都已經回家了”。故答案選D。 考點4 the+ 名詞+of+關系代詞 知識歸納：用于此結構的關系代詞只有which。該結構表示所有關系, 口語中常用“whose + 名詞”代替。非正式文體中可以用“of which the +名詞”。 高考考例： (2000上海) Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _ was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose 解析：答案選B。本題就是一個考查the+ 名詞+of+關系代詞結構的一個典型例子。這里the price of which指代the price of the vase, 答案也可以是whose price。 考點5 表示部分的詞語of關系代詞 知識歸納：此時，指人的關系代詞只能是whom, 指物的關系代詞只能是which。表示部分的詞語常見的有：不定代詞all, both, none, neither, either, some, any, 數(shù)詞(含基數(shù)詞，序數(shù)詞，分數(shù)和百分數(shù))；數(shù)詞+名詞；the +最高級/比較級，以及表示數(shù)目或數(shù)量的詞語many, most, few, several, enough, half a, a quarter。 高考考例： 1. (2004湖北卷) There are two buildings, _ stands nearly a hundred feet high. A. the larger B. the larger of them C. the larger one that D. the larger of which 解析：答案為D。the larger of which指代the larger of the two buildings; B選項缺少一個連詞。 2. (2004遼寧卷) The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _ are sold abroad. A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that 解析：答案為A。80% of which指代的是80% of the shoes。本題意為：這家工廠每年生產的50萬雙鞋子有80%都是銷往國外的。備考練習： 1. Yesterday Mr. Li finally bought his own house, _ is a hospital. A. in where B. to the east of which C. to the east of it D. in the east of that 2. My brothers purse, _ he put ￥1,000, was missing on the bus. A. there B. which C. in which D. that 3. The football match _ the students competed yesterday was very wonderful. A. in which B. which C. in that D. that 4. The reason_ he was late again was that he was caught in a traffic jam in the rush hour. A. which B. in which C. for which D. of which 5. His glasses, _ he could see nothing, was taken away by a naughty boy. A. which B. without which C. with which D. without those 6. The computer, _ he paid ￥3,000, was once owned by his uncle. A. which B. for which C. that D. to that 7. In the past we lost many chances, _ we paid little attention. A. which B. that C. in which D. to which 8. The pen, _ I had been writing for ten years, was broken. A. with which B. with that C. as D. with it 9. Mary has two brothers, _ are doctors. A. both of they B. both of whom C. both of them D. whom of both 10. The problem _ you argued about yesterday has been solved. A. that B. what C. why D. for which 11. My aunt bought me a book, the name _ I have forgotten. A. of it B. which C. whose D. of which 12. On the way home I met my friend John, from _ home the thief had stolen a computer. A. whom B. which C. that D. whose 13. I hate the way _ you talk to your mother. A. by which B. on which C. in which D. which 14. At last we found the hole in the wall _ the mouse got into the house last night. A. in which B. which C. through which D. by which 15. There are three girls in the room, _ is Toms sister. A. the tallest of which B. the tallest of whom C. tallest of that D. tallest of which 16. Ill never forget the day _ I bought my own guitar with my own money. A. where B. on which C. on when D. that 17. She is just the girl, with _ my brother came to visit me last month. A. whom B. her C. that D. who 18. Last night we saw two movies, _ was interesting. A. both of which B. neither of which C. both of them D. neither of them 19. This is the house in _ I was born thirty years ago. A. it B. there C. which D. that 20. The reason for _ he failed in the exam was that he was too careless. A. which B. why C. that D. it Test on Attributive Clauses【專項訓練】、Choice:1、The knife _ we used to cut the bread is very sharp. AwhichBwithCwith itDwith which2、The brave man, _the tiger was shot, is a good hunter.Aof whomBby thatCby whomDby which3、The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _ he could see what it was going on inside the house.Aon whichBat whichCthrough whichDin which4、The beautiful dress _Miss Jones went to the ball was borrowed from a friend of hers.Ain whichBworn byCthrough whichDon which5、During the days _ , he worked as a servant at the Browns. Athat followedBto followCfollowingDfollowed6、You may take anything useful _. Awhich you wantByou want themCwhat you wantDyou want7、My hometown is no longer the same_it used to be. Alike BthatCasDwhich8、The old woman has two sons, one_is a teacher. Aof whoBof whomCof whichDof them9、You can take any seat_is free. Ain which BthatCwhereDwhich10、Is there anything _ to you? Athat belongBwhich belongsCthat belongsDthat is belonged11、We hope to get such a tool_he is using.AwhereBthatCasDwhich12、Finally came the day_he had to begin his study for the next term. AtillBthatCsinceDwhich13、She hasnt got enough money_she buys the rings.Afor whichBwith whichCthatDwhich14、Ive read all the books _were borrowed from the library.AtheyBwhichC/Dthat15、This is the best hotel in the city_I know. AitBwhereCthatDwhich16、Is oxygen the only gas_helps fire burn? AitBwhichC/Dthat17、The Second World War_millions of people were killed ended in 1945. Aon whichBwhereCin thatDduring which18、The train_she was travelling was late. Aon thatBfor whichCon whichDwhich19、Winter is the time of year_the days are short and nights are long. Aon whichBthatCwhenDwhere20、Ill show you a store_you may buy all you need. Athat, thatBwhich, thatCwhere, whichDin which, /21、I still remember the day_she first wore that pink dress. Aon whichBon thatCin whichDwhich22、Do you know the reason_she got so angry yesterday ? AwhyBwhichCfor thatDfor why23、Is_some German friends visited last week ? Athis school whereBthis school one Cthis the schoolDthis school24、Is there any one in your class_family is in the city. AwhoseBwhichCwhosDwho25、Can you lend me the book_the other day ?Awhich you talkedBthat you talked Cabout that you talkedDyou talked about26、This is one of the best films_this year. Awhich has been shownBthat have been shown Cthat have shownDhave been shown27、Do you know the man_? Athat I spokeBI spoke to Cto who I spokeDwhom I spoke28、There are two thousand students in our school,_are girls. Atwo-thirds in whichBtwo-thirds in them Ctwo-thirds of themDof whom two thirds29、I have bought two ball-pens,_ writes well. Aneither of themBnone of them Cneither of whichDnone of which30、He built a telescope_he could study the skies. Aby itBthrough whichCwith thatDin which31、Do you know the reason_he was late? Afor whichBfor whatCwhichDthat32、_has been said above, grammar is a set of dead rules. AAsBThatCWhatDWhich33、John got beaten in the game,_had been expected.AwhoBwhatCthatDas34、Theyre invented me to their party,_is kind of them. AthisBthatCwhichDas35、Crusoes dog became ill and died,_made him very lonely.AthisBthatCwhichDas36、There isnt so much noise in the country_in big cities. AasBwhereCwhichDthat37、I often thought of my childhood,_I lived on a farm. AwhoBwhenCwhereDwhich38、Next month,_youll be in your hometown, is coming. AwhereBwhenCthatDwhich39、The next thing_must be done is to make a plan. AwhichBthatCwhenD/40、He talked happily about the men and books_interested him greatly in the school. AthatBwhenCwhoDwhich、Fill in the blanks：1、This is the professor _ taught me chemistry in 1980 .2、The hospital _ was built five years ago has been modernized.3、This is the boy _father died three years ago.4、The film _ we saw the day before yesterday is very interesting.5、Do you know the student _was praised at the meeting?6、1949 is the year _the Peoples Republic of China was founded.7、They work in a factory _makes radio parts.8、They work in a factory _radio parts are made.9、This is the vision phone through _we can see and talk to our friends.10、Here are players from Japan, some of _are our old friends.11、She lives in a small village, _is only three miles from here.12、She is going to spend the summer holidays in Shanghai, _she has some friends.13、Well put off the meeting till next week, _ we wont be so busy.14、The sun gives the earth light and heat, _is very important to the living things.15、Those _ want to go to the computer room write your names here.16、He was often late,_ made his teacher very angry.17、Who is the person _is standing at the gate?18、He talked about the teachers and schools _he had visited.、Correct the mistakes in the following sentences if there are any:1、He told us about the countries where he had visited.2、Egypt is a country where is famous for its pyramids.3、China is the country where he spent the best part of his life.4、The days when we spent together cannot