外文翻譯--粉粒物料運(yùn)輸車(chē)罐體設(shè)計(jì)

附 錄 附錄 A（英文文獻(xiàn)原文） Unloading of bulk cement tank car gas tank design Abstract: This article discusses the gas tank car unloading of bulk cement to determine the shape of the tank structure, fluidized bed design, introduced the tank volume and load calculation. I. Introduction Gas tank car unloading of bulk cement transport and unloading of bulk cement to air a special car. It is the vehicle chassis in the shape of a cement plant in closed containers and accessories, and an air compressor, air compressor to power car engines. Cement compressed air to fluidized bed fluidized, under some pressure, cement transportation by pipeline to a certain height and horizontal distance of the concrete tower. Unloading of bulk cement trucks to gas can not only enhance the level of mechanization of loading and unloading of cement, save labor, reduce labor intensity and improve working conditions, and can reduce cement consumption, lower construction cost, to ensure the quality of cement. Practice shows that, compared with bagged cement handling, use of gas unloading of bulk cement truck, cargo handling efficiency can be increased by 15 times, and cement to reduce the losses of about 4%, with significant social and economic benefits in the current timber resource poor country, the energy shortage Next, with great practical significance. Unloading of bulk cement tank gas tank is an important part of the car, which fluidized bed, tank shape, the effective volume and the direct impact on the total volume of gas unloading of bulk cement truck, two important indicators of professional performance - unloading time and the residual rate, and the vast majority of parts for the processing tank parts, therefore, the tank design is a very important task. .Determine the shape of the tank structure Tanks are mainly vertical, horizontal, tilt, lifting style and type of trailer and semitrailer, etc. 1. All hanging and trailer type, suitable for large tonnage, does not apply to low tonnage terms from the transport efficiency, semi-trailer better than cycling, such as automobile remodeling of XX9160GSN Xinxiang City carrying gas from the discharge of bulk cement trailer , selected EQ140K type tractor, load capacity 10 tons and more, for large-tonnage trucks, cement semi-trailer is a direction. 2. Under the same discharge conditions, the vertical tank less than the expected horizontal tank left. Can not required because the vertical guide plate, chamber area of suitable transport is conducive to gas fluidization, the remaining rate is very low. Guide plate with horizontal tank, the tank corners and more material on the more left. However, the overall layout of vertical tank, the vehicle center of gravity high technical performance of the vehicle impact, it is difficult to overcome the shortcomings of vertical tank. 3. Fixed tilt. Discharge speed, remaining low, the higher center of gravity as to solve the problem, could offer a better type. Such as Inner Mongolia First Machinery Factory of ND2629-type bulk cement tanker is inclined horizontal tank, the discharge rate of up to 1.5 tons / min, the remaining rate of 0.2%, compared with JB3971, 1 gas unloading bulk cement tank car technology , on required much higher. But very few use this type. 4. Lift with pump. Moving tank in a horizontal position, lifting a certain point of time after discharge gas discharge, discharge faster, less material left. Such as special car factory in Kunshan Lifting KS5301GSN type bulk cement tanker with a pump, lifting angle of 20o. However, the addition of a hydraulic lifting mechanism, not only increasing the cost and also increased operating and maintenance costs. With very little. 5. Horizontal tank. Array layout in the vehicles total, do not affect the chassis of the main performance, which is its outstanding advantages, it is the domestic and international air unloading of bulk cement of a type commonly used vehicles. Horizontal tank including the cylinder and head. There are oval-shaped head head, dished the first two, an overall cylindrical tube, with the cylinder body and perfect circle platform portfolio, but also oblique circular cylindrical and rectangular platform portfolio. Kaolv to the tank arrangement of the internal needs of fluidized bed, the total volume in the same circumstances, the third form of Bi Xing Shi effective Rongji before the two big, fluidized bed and Bu Zhi Fang Bian, while easing the tank weight. We therefore propose, horizontal cylinder and the tank should be straight oblique type combination of round table body. The composition of the tank structure shown in Figure 1. Figure l Tank structure .The design of fluidized bed Determine the gas fluidized bed is designed for unloading of bulk cement truck key technology. Design goal is to improve the discharge efficiency, reduce tank dead zone, lower residual rate. Fluidized bed gasification bed by the inclined baffle components, end of support board assembly, composed of compression bars and screws. 1. Oblique baffle 2. Legislative panel 3. Bracket 4. Gasification board 5. Lateral 6. Countersunk head screws Figure 2 Oblique baffle component architecture 1. The choice of gasification board Gasification fluidized board is to ensure delivery of cement to meet the important parts, arrangement should be adopted when the block layout. At present, gasification panel are used in our soft, and commonly used are cotton canvas and polyester canvas. Breathable cotton canvas which is good, but easy to damp, sewage plug, so that permeability variation. As the cotton canvas and then rough surface, the remaining material will rise after discharge. Polyester, polyvinyl alcohol and other chemical fiber fabric is not easily wet, smooth etc, but the residual rate of electrostatic effects. 2. Oblique baffle component design and calculation Oblique baffle design, pay attention to consider reducing the dead zone of cement delivery process, consider the oblique baffle and tank wall welded airtight. To this end, we have designed to improve the structure of helical baffle component shown in Figure 2. Inside the tank, not only vertical oblique angled baffle. Horizontal plane is also tilted, so it and the tank complex internal cross-island line. Accurately calculate the oblique baffle size. Material can be cut off to facilitate the success of workers, making welding firm, to ensure airtight performance. First set up the design space equation and the oblique baffle tank space equation, application of computer calculated the intersection, which was inclined baffle size. Figure 3 shows the internal structure of the tank Figure 3 The internal structure of the tank .Tank volume and load calculation After investigation we found that most of the unloading of bulk cement truck gas tank is too large effective volume, that is, the quality of the tank to carry more than the rated load weight. This may be because the designer take into account the angle of repose as cement loading of cement in the jar can not be filled, it may meet the users desire to want to be able to multi-loading, but there are two important reasons: 1. Cement density greater than lt / m. JB3971 1 gas unloading of bulk cement tank car technology specified； tanks effective volume, in order to cement density lt / m. Calculated: V = G r After our testing, cement density of 1.28t / m, so by lt / m. To calculate the effective volume of exposure on the big difference, it easy to overload. For example, the design of a car containing quality 10t, most manufacturers will be effective volume of the tank is designed to l1.5m, Akira car drivers before and after using the method will be filled with cement, thus installed 14.72t, overload too much. 2. The lack of precise calculation of the effective volume As the complexity of the internal structure of the tank, in fact, estimate the volume of calculation is often simplified, the results of large deviations. 粉粒物料運(yùn)輸車(chē)罐體設(shè)計(jì) 附錄 B（中文翻譯） 摘要： 本文討論了粉粒物料運(yùn)輸車(chē)罐體結(jié)構(gòu)形狀的確定，流態(tài)化床的設(shè)計(jì)，介紹了罐體容積與載重量的計(jì)算方法。 一、概述 氣卸散裝水泥罐式汽車(chē)是運(yùn)輸并能氣卸散裝水泥的專(zhuān)用汽車(chē)。它是在定型汽車(chē)底盤(pán)上裝置一個(gè)水泥密封容器及附件，和一個(gè)空氣壓縮機(jī)，空壓機(jī)以汽車(chē)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)為動(dòng)力。壓縮空氣使流態(tài)化床上的水泥流態(tài)化，在一定壓力下，通過(guò)管道將水泥輸送到一定高度和水平距離的水泥塔內(nèi)。 使用氣卸散裝水泥車(chē)不僅可以提 高水泥裝卸的機(jī)械化水平，節(jié)約勞動(dòng)力，減輕勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度，改善工作條件，而且可以減少水泥損耗，降低施工成本，保證水泥質(zhì)量。實(shí)踐證明，與袋裝水泥搬運(yùn)相比，使用氣卸散裝水泥車(chē)，裝卸效率可提高15 倍以上，水泥損失減少約 4% ，具有明顯的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益在目前我國(guó)木材資源貧乏，能源緊張的情況下，有著十分重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 罐體是氣卸散裝水泥罐式汽車(chē)的重要部分，其中流態(tài)化床、罐體形狀、有效容積和總?cè)莘e等直接影響著氣卸散裝水泥車(chē)的兩個(gè)重要專(zhuān)業(yè)性能指標(biāo) 卸料時(shí)間和剩余率，而且罐體的絕大部分部件為加工件，因此，罐體設(shè)計(jì)是 一 項(xiàng)非常重要的 工作。 二、罐體結(jié)構(gòu)形狀的確定 罐體主要有立式、臥式、傾斜式、舉升式及全掛和半掛等型式 1全掛式和半掛式，適用于大噸位，不適用于中低噸位，從運(yùn)輸效率來(lái)講，半掛車(chē)要比單車(chē)好，如新鄉(xiāng)市汽車(chē)改裝廠(chǎng)的 XX9160GSN 自承載式氣卸散裝水泥半掛車(chē)，選用 EQ140K 型牽引車(chē)，載重量 10噸多，對(duì)于大噸位車(chē)，水泥半掛車(chē)是個(gè)方向。 2在同等卸料條件下，立式罐比臥式罐剩料少。因?yàn)榱⑹焦薏恍枰獙?dǎo)料板，氣室面積適宜，有利于氣流態(tài)化輸送，剩余率很低。臥式罐設(shè)有導(dǎo)料板，罐內(nèi)死角多，剩料就多。但是立式罐在總體布置上，整車(chē)重心偏高， 對(duì)整車(chē)技術(shù)性能有影響，這是立式罐難以克服的缺點(diǎn)。 3固定傾斜式。卸料速度快，剩余率低，如能解決重心較高的問(wèn)題，倒是一種比較好的型式。如內(nèi)蒙古第一機(jī)械制造廠(chǎng)的 ND2629型散裝水泥罐車(chē)就是斜 臥式罐體，其卸料速度達(dá) 1 5 噸分鐘，剩余率為 0 2%，比 JB3971、 1“氣卸散裝水泥罐式汽車(chē)技術(shù)條件”上要求高出許多。但目前采用這種型式的很少。 4舉升帶泵式。行駛時(shí)罐體處于水平位置，卸料時(shí)舉升一定角度后氣卸，卸料快，剩料少。如昆山專(zhuān)用汽車(chē)制造廠(chǎng)的 KS5301GSN 型舉升式帶泵散裝水泥罐車(chē)，舉升角 20o。，但由于增 加了一套液壓舉升機(jī)構(gòu)，既增加了成本，也增加了營(yíng)運(yùn)、維修費(fèi)用。采用很少。 5臥式罐。在整車(chē)的總陣布置中，不影響底盤(pán)的主要性能，這是其突出的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，它是目前國(guó)內(nèi)外氣卸散裝水泥汽車(chē)普遍采用的一種型式。 臥式罐包括筒體和封頭。封頭主要有橢圓形封頭，碟形封頭兩種，筒體有整體圓柱體的，有由圓柱體和正圓臺(tái)體組合的，也有圓柱體和直角斜圓臺(tái)組合的?？?