河南省新鄭市高考英語(yǔ) 閱讀理解、完形填空類訓(xùn)練（15）.doc

新鄭市2014高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解、完形填空類訓(xùn)練（15）及答案閱讀理解 americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator, operator or the uniform of a five-star general. why are uniforms so popular in the united states? among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than ci- vilian (百姓的)clothes. people have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. the tel- evision repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. what easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity(身份) than to step out of uniform? uniforms also have many practical benefits. they save on other clothes. they save on laundry bills. they are tax-deduct ible(可減稅的). they are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes. primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experi- enced by people who must wear them. though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. when people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least. uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rath- er than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes. 1. it is surprising that americans who worship variety and indi viduality _. a. still judge a man by his clothes b. hold the uniform in such high regard c. enjoy having a professional identity d. will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform 答案: b 指導(dǎo)：這篇文章主要講述崇尚個(gè)性、崇尚多樣化的美國(guó)人為何愛(ài)穿制服，以及制服所帶來(lái)的利弊，是一道辨別事實(shí)題。由第一段第一句“americans are proud of their variety and individuality，yet they love and respect few things more than auniform”可知應(yīng)選b項(xiàng)。2. people are accustomed to think that armn in uniform_. a. suggests quality work b. discards his social identity c. appears to be more practical d. looks superior to a person in civilian clothes 答案: a 指導(dǎo)：由第二段第二句people have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears auniform”可判斷a項(xiàng)正確。*結(jié)束 malaria, the worlds most widespread parasitic (寄生蟲(chóng)引起的)disease, kills as many as three million people every year - almost all of whom are under five, very poor, and african. in most years, more than five hundred million cases of illness result from the disease, although exact numbers are difficult to assess because many people dont (or cant) seek care. it is not unusual for a family earning less than two hundred dollars a year to spend a quarter of its income on malaria treatment, and what they often get no longer works. in countries like tanzania, mozambique, and the gambia, no family, village, hospital, or workplace can remain unaffected for long. malaria starts suddenly, with violent chills, which are soon followed by an intense fever and, often, headaches. as the parasites multiply, they take over the entire body. malaria parasites live by eating the red blood cells they infect (感染) .they can also attach themselves to blood vessels in the brain. if it doesnt kill you, malaria can happen again and again for years. the disease is passed on to humans by female mosquitoes infected with one of four species of a parasite. together, the mosquito and the parasite are the most deadly couple in the history of the earth and one of the most successful. malaria has five thousand genes, and its ability to change rapidly to defend itself and resist new drugs has made it nearly impossible to control. studies show that mosquitoes are passing on the virus more frequently, and there are more outbreaks in cities with large populations. some of the diseases spread is due to global warming.for decades, the first-choice treatment for malaria parasites in africa has been chloroquine, a chemical which is very cheap and easy to make. unfortunately, in most parts of the world, malaria parasites have become resistant to it. successful alternatives that help prevent resistance are already available, but they have been in short supply and are very expensive. if these drugs should fail, nobody knows what would come next.56. according to paragraph 1, many people dont seek care because _.a. they are too poorb. it is unusual to seek carec. they can remain unaffected for longd. there are too many people suffering from the disease57. people suffering from malaria _.a. have to kill female mosquitoesb. have ability to defend parasitesc. have their red blood cells infectedd. have sudden fever, followed by chills58. which of the following may be the reason for the wide spread of the disease?a. its resistance to global warming.b. its ability to pass on the virus frequently.c. its outbreaks in cities with large populations.d. its ability to defend itself and resist new drugs.59. it can be inferred from the passage that _.a. no drugs have been found to treat the diseaseb. the alternative treatment is not easily available to most peoplec. malaria has developed its ability to resist parasitesd. nobody knows what will be the drug to treat the disease60. which of the following questions has not been discussed in the passage?a. how can we know one is suffering from malaria?b. how many people are killed by malaria each year?c. why are there so many people suffering from malaria?d. what has been done to keep people unaffected for long?參考答案56-60acdbd*結(jié)束afor centuries, the bodys blood has been linked closely with the emotionspeople who show no human emotions or feelings, are said to be cold-blooded killerfor example, the police are searching for a cold-blooded killerhe seems to kill for no reason, and no emotion, as if taking someones life as nothingcold can affect other parts of the bodythe expression “get cold feet” has nothing to do with cold or your feetthe expression means being afraid to do something you have decided to dofor example, you agree to be president of an organizationbut then you learn that all the other officers have resigned, and all the work of the organization will be your responsibilityyou are likely to get cold feet about being president when you understand the situation.the expression “give someone the cold shoulder” probably comes from the physical act of turning your back toward someone, instead of speaking to him face to faceyou may give a cold shoulder to a friend who has not kept a promise he made to youor, to someone who has lied about you to othersa cold fish is not a fishit is a personbut it is a person who is unfriendly, unemotional and shows no love or warmtha cold fish does not offer much of himself to anyonesomeone who is a cold fish could be cold-heartednow a cold-hearted person is someone who has no sympathyseveral popular songs in recent years were about cold-hearted men or cold-hearted women who, without feelings, broke the hearts of their loversout in the cold means not getting something that everybody else gota person might say that everybody but him got a pay raise-he was left out in the coldand it is not a pleasant place to be41when you refuse to speak to a man and treat him in a distant way, you may express by “_”ai give him the cold shoulder bi think he is a cold-blooded manci think he is a cold fish dim likely to get cold feet42if sue shows absolutely no reaction to those awful pictures of starving children in africa, you will say _ashe is a cold-blooded killer bshe gets cold feetcshe is a cold fish dshe is out in the cold43we can use the expression “_” to describe a man who abandons or hurts his lover without mercyacold-bloodedbcold shoulder ccold feetdcold-hearted44the topic of this passage is about _athe relationship between cold and our bodybsome expressions about friendshipcsome expressions connected with colddhow cold weather comes into being參考答案4144 acdc *結(jié)束 “soon, youre going to have to move out!” cried my neighbor upon seeing the largest tomato plant known to mankind, or at least known in my neighborhood.one tiny 9-inch plant, bought for $1.25 in the spring, has already taken over much of my rose bed, covering much of other plants, and is well on its way to the front door.roses require a good deal of care, and if it werent for the pleasure they give, it wouldnt be worth the work. as it is, i have a garden full of sweet-smelling roses for most of the year. bushes must be pruned in early spring, leaving ugly woody branches until the new growth appears a few weeks later. it was the space available in the garden that led me into planting just one little tomato plant. a big mistake.soil conditions made just perfect for roses turn out to be even more perfect for tomatoes. the daily watering coupled with full sun and regular fertilizing have turned the little plant into a tall bush. the cage i placed around it as the plant grew has long since disappeared under the thick leaves.now the task i face in harvesting the fruit is twofold. first, i have to find the red ones, among the leaves, which means i almost have to stand on my head, and once found i have to reach down and under, pick the tomatoes and withdraw my full fist without dropping the prize so dearly won. second, i found two full-blown white roses completely hidden as i pick tomatoes in june, but they were weak and the leaves already yellow for lack of light. here i am faced with a painful small decision. to tear up a wonderful and productive tomato plant that offers up between ten and twenty ripe sweet tomatoes each day or say goodbye to several expensive and treasured roses. like scarlett in gone with the wind, ill think about that tomorrow.44. what are the requirements for the healthy growth of roses?a. a lot of care and the right light.b. frequent pruning and fertilizing.c. tomato plants grown alongside.d. cages placed around the roots.45. the writer planted the tomato because_a. it cost only $1.25b. the soil were just right for itc. there was room for it in the gardend. the roses branches needed to be covered46. this year the writers roses were _a. removed from the rose bedb. picked along with the tomatoesc. mostly damaged by too much sunlightd. largely hidden under the tomato plant47. by saying “the prize so dearly won” in paragraph 5, the writer wants to _a. show the difficulty in picking the tomatoesb. show the hardship of growing the rosesc. express her liking for the rosesd. express her care for the tomatoes48. in the situation described in the text, one good thing is that _a. the roses cost the writer little money b. the writer has a daily harvest of tomatoesc. someone will help the writer make the decisiond. the writer can now enjoy both the roses and tomatoes 參考答案44-48 acdab *結(jié)束完形填空（全國(guó)ii）完形填空 there are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere. we can see there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train on the _21_home from work in the evenings. a man will be_22_the newspaper, and seconds later it _23_ as if he is trying to _24_it. or he will fall asleep on the shoulder of the stranger_25_ next to him._26_ place where unplanned short sleep _27_ is in the lecture hall where a student will start snoring（打鼾）so _28_that the professor has to ask another student to_29_ the sleeper awake. a more embarrassing（尷尬）situation occurs when a student starts falling into sleep and the _30_ of the head pushes the arm off the_31_, and the movement carries the_32_ of the body along. the student wakes up on the floor with no_33_ of getting there. the worst time to fall asleep is when _34_ . police reports are full of _35_ that occur when people fall into sleep and go_36_ the road. if the drivers are _37_ , they are not seriously hurt. one womans car, _38_ , went into the river. she woke up in four feet of _39_ and thought it was raining. whenpeople are really _40_，nothing will stop them from falling asleep-no matter where they are.21. a. way b. track c. path d. road22. a. buying b. folding c. delivering d. reading23. a. acts b. shows c. appears d. sounds24. a. open b. eat c. find d. finish25. a. lying b. waiting c. talking d. sitting26. a. next b. every c. another d. one27. a. goes on b. ends up c. lasts d. returns28. a. bravely b. happily c. loudly d. carelessly29. a. leave b. shake c. keep d. watch30. a. size b. shape c. weight d. strength31a. cushion b. desk c. shoulder d. book32. a. action b. position c. rest d. side33. a. memory b. reason c. question d. purpose34. a. thinking b. working c. walking d. driving35. a. changes b. events c. ideas d. accidents36. a. up b. off c. along d. down37. a. lucky b. awake c. calm d. strong38. a. in time b. at first c. as usual d. for example39. a. dust b. water c. grass d. bush40. a. tired b. drunk c. lonely d. lazy參考答案21-25adcbd 26-30 cacbc 31-35bcadd 36-40badba*結(jié)束 runners in a relay race pass a stick in one direction. however, merchants passed silk, gold, fruit, and glass along the silk road in more than one direction. they earned their living by traveling the famous silk road. the silk road was not a simple trading network. it passed through thousands of cities and towns. it started from eastern china, across central asia and the middle east, and ended in the mediterranean sea. it was used from about 200 b c to about 1300 a d., when sea travel offered new routes. it was sometimes called the worlds longest highway. however, the silk road was made up of many routes, not one smooth path. they passed through what are now 18 countries. the routes crossed mountains and deserts and had many dangers of hot sun, deep snow and even battles. only experienced traders could return safe. the silk road got its name from its most prized product. silk could be used like money to pay taxes or buy goods. but the traders carried more than just silk. gold, silver, and