模塊一Unit+2+重點(diǎn)整理.doc

江蘇省海門中學(xué)09級(jí)高一英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)系列 Unit Two Growing painsUnit Two Growing Pains 主備人: 洪娟 審核人: 馬永紅I . 重點(diǎn)詞匯:1. surprise vt. 使驚奇，使驚訝 n. 驚奇, 令人驚奇的事in surprise 驚奇地（作狀語(yǔ)）；to ones surprise 使某人驚奇的是; adj. (感到)驚奇的，驚訝的_; adj. 令人吃驚的 _His not passing the exam surprised us very much. We were surprised at his not passing the exam.To our great surprise, he didnt pass the exam. /The heavy snowfall took us all by surprise.The news that Bush was taken away by the police came as a surprise to everyone.2. be supposed to do 應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當(dāng) be not supposed to do sth 禁止/不允許做某事a. You are supposed to ask the teacher if you want to leave the classroom. b. As a student, you are supposed to be in the classroom on time.c. You were supposed to be here an hour ago. d. You are not supposed to smoke here. 你在這里不可以抽煙=You shouldnt smoke here.3. touch v. 觸摸，聯(lián)系 感動(dòng) a. Dont touch the medicine, its dangerous!get in touch with sb. 與某人取得聯(lián)系 keep in touch with sb 與某人保持聯(lián)系Her story touched all of us deeply. touching, touched 感人的4. do with 處理 (在疑問(wèn)句中，常與what連用) deal with a. What did you do with the letter? / b. What did you do with the money we left? 有時(shí)也可以用deal with， 但在疑問(wèn)句中與how連用。How did you deal with the letter? c. The classroom is very noisy, but the new teacher doesnt know how to deal with it. explain sth to sb / explain to sb sth5. explain vt. explain (to sb)+ that clause explain + why / how 等引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句a. Please this problem to us. = Please to us the problem.b. She ed to the children that the school had been closed.c. Could you why you left without saying anything?explanation n. He left the room without explanation. 6. leave vt. 使處于某種狀態(tài)，聽(tīng)任 leave sb/sth + adj. / doing / done/adv./na. Please leave the door open. b. She left me waiting in the rain.c. He went to bed early yesterday evening, leaving his homework unfinished.d. Dont leave the water running while you brush your teeth. leave out 遺漏 leave behind 丟下、遺忘 leave sb sth alone 不打擾某人/某物 7. charge . n 負(fù)責(zé)，掌管; 費(fèi)用； v 收費(fèi) in /under charge of sth 某人負(fù)責(zé)某事 = take charge of in the charge of sb某事由某人負(fù)責(zé) in charge 負(fù)責(zé) 掌管（常作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)） free of charge 免費(fèi)的for nothing = for freea. I am in charge of the company while the director is away.b. The company is in the charge of me while the director is away.c. Id like to speak to the person in charge. d. All goods are delivered free of charge. (譯)e. Im not going there again - they ed me five dollars for a cup of coffee! (譯) 8. reason n 理由，原因 reasonable adj. 通情達(dá)理的；合情合理的；有道理的for this /that 因?yàn)檫@個(gè)/那個(gè)原因 for some 因?yàn)槟承┰?the for (doing ) sth 的原因 For some reason, he wont believe you .NOTE : cause n 起因 the cause of sth的起因 vt. 引起 sb / sth to do sthWhat ed the fire (to happen)? / What is the of the fire?/ What ed us to think of your childhood?9. go out (燈、火)的熄滅， 是不及物動(dòng)詞 (請(qǐng)同學(xué)們課后查一下go的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)) a. Mom and Dad looked at each other as lights go out. b. Suddenly all the lights went out.put out 是人為的把火或燈弄熄滅，是及物動(dòng)詞。 c. They put out the fire with water.10. trust n & vt 相信、信任 = believe in A good marriage is based on . I put my in you.（信賴）11. mad adj. 狂怒的，瘋狂的 go mad 變瘋 drive sb. mad 把某人逼瘋12. be hard on 對(duì)苛刻，要求嚴(yán)格 be strict with sb. in sth. Dont be hard on them; after all, they are only children. 13. deserve (不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)) vt 值得, 應(yīng)該受到/ deserve to do You deserve a rest after all that hard work. /The report deserves careful consideration. He deserves to be locked up forever for what he did.14. upset (upsetting, upset-upset-upset) vt 1) 打翻, 弄翻, 打亂 2）使苦惱或心煩 ones cup /the milk / A large wave the boat .Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit.sth upset sb /sb be upset / be/get upset about/at sth. /be upset to do sth / be upset that從句The problem s him so much. / I was very upset to see that. 對(duì)感到難過(guò)的He was at not being invited. / Dad was very upset that you didnt phone15. score n & vt 1)得分 2) =twentya. The final was 4:3. / b. She ed 120 in the math test. c. a of people = twenty people scores of 幾十(個(gè)) d. There are three score students /scores of students in the classroom.16. insist insist on (doing) sth 一定要,堅(jiān)持要求 He ed on going with me . vt & vi 1)堅(jiān)持（應(yīng)該做） 2）堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為He insisted that he had done right and (should) be set free at once.17. argument n. 爭(zhēng)論 辯論 We agreed without much further .have an with sb about sth argue vt. with sb about/over sth We ed with the waiter about the price of the meal. for /against sth支持/反對(duì).而辯論/ that-clause I ed that we needed a larger office.（據(jù)理力爭(zhēng)）18. suggest suggest sth (to sb)/doing sth. He suggested a good solution to me immediately.suggest (ones) doing He suggested her going to a science college. suggest that sb should ) do （建議） suggest作“表明，透漏，暗示”解時(shí)，不用虛擬 She suggested that a meeting (should) be held to discuss it. 她提議召開(kāi)會(huì)議討論此事。 Her expression suggested that she was angry. 她的表情說(shuō)明她在生氣。 It is suggested that 從句中同樣用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。It is suggested that some measures (should) be taken to protect the wildlife. 名詞suggestion 后面的表語(yǔ)從句或同謂語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也需要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 My suggestion is that we should send a few students to help the other groups.What do you think of Li Leis suggestion that we should put on a play at the English evening?19. spare adj 空閑的，多余的 in ones time I have no money this month. vt 抽出、分出時(shí)間或金錢 Can you me a few minutes for a talk?20. forbid (forbid-forbade-forbidden) vt sb to do sth/ (ones) doing sb from doing sth / sb sth a. Her father forbade their marriage. b. I cant you from seeing that man again. c. Smoking is strictly forbidden in chemical factories or gas stations.d. The doctor forbade the patient with liver trouble to drink any wine. 重點(diǎn)句型1. Mom and Dad arrived back from vacation a day earlier than expected. 爸爸和媽媽度假回家，比預(yù)期的提前了一天。 比較級(jí)+than expected 比想象的要更例：I did much better in the mid-term examination than expected. 我期中考試比預(yù)期的好得多。2. Eric runs in after it, followed by a big dog, walking very slowly. 埃瑞克隨著它跑進(jìn)來(lái)，后面跟著一條狗，慢吞吞地走著。 followed 為過(guò)去分詞表伴隨，與主語(yǔ)Eric構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系；walking 為現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)?，F(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，可以表示時(shí)間、原因、方式、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、伴隨等含義。例：The boy spent the night, locked in the room. 那個(gè)男孩被鎖在房間里度過(guò)了那一夜。At night, roads are brightly lit, making people and traffic move freely.3. The money with which you were to buy dog food is gone, but Spot looks so angry! 你應(yīng)該用來(lái)買狗食的錢不見(jiàn)了，但Spot看起來(lái)如此饑餓！ 1) be to 在句中表示 “必須,應(yīng)該” be to do 結(jié)構(gòu)常用來(lái)表示計(jì)劃、安排、命令或要求等，也可表示可能性或注定要發(fā)生的事情。 例：I am to meet Mr Green at 9 oclock this morning. 我要在今天上午9點(diǎn)見(jiàn)格林先生。 No one is to leave the room without permission. 未經(jīng)允許，任何人不得離開(kāi)這個(gè)房間。 His plan is to be a failure. 她的計(jì)劃是注定要失敗的。4. The room is a mess, with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink. 房間一團(tuán)糟，披薩盒子在地板上，臟碗碟在洗碗池里。 with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink 是 “with + 賓語(yǔ)+ 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”的情況，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明房間的情形。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可以是介詞短語(yǔ)、過(guò)去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式。例：He is in the room with the door closed. 他在房間里，門關(guān)著。I cant go away with so much work to do. 有這么多工作要做，我走不開(kāi)。 The teacher went into the classroom with a book in his hand.5. you shouldnt have run out of the room and slammed the door like that. 你不應(yīng)該跑出去，那樣把門砰的關(guān)上。 shouldnt have done“不應(yīng)該做而做了”和should have done“早該做了而未做”是用來(lái)表示“責(zé)備”的。 You should have come earlier. Everybody is waiting for you. 你應(yīng)該早點(diǎn)來(lái)的。大家都在等你。 They shouldnt have put the desk in this room. Its too crowded.你們不應(yīng)該把桌子放到這個(gè)房間里的。太擁擠了。6. Now that he has been so rude to us, I feel like we have to punish him or he wont respect us. 既然他待我們那樣無(wú)禮，我想我們得懲罰他，否則他不會(huì)尊重我們的。 now that= since“既然”引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,feel like“想要”后面可接動(dòng)詞-ing形式或賓語(yǔ)從句。例：Now that you are busy, I feel like going without you. 既然你忙，那我想不等你先走了。 Now that he cant help us, I feel like wed better depend on ourselves to do the job. 既然他不能幫我們，那我想我們就依靠自己來(lái)做這工作。7. We didnt think you would let the house get so dirty. （Page 24）我原認(rèn)為你們不會(huì)把房子弄得這么臟的。I didnt think my mum missed talking with me, but she did. (Page 35)我原認(rèn)為媽媽沒(méi)有錯(cuò)過(guò)和我談心的機(jī)會(huì)，但她確實(shí)錯(cuò)過(guò)了?！揪湫椭v解】 I dont think (that) 我認(rèn)為不。英語(yǔ)中像think, believe, suppose, guess等表示“看法”的動(dòng)詞，后面接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句的否定要放到主句中，這就是我們常說(shuō)的“否定的轉(zhuǎn)移”。它們的反義疑問(wèn)句要看從句。例：I dont think they will lend us any money, will they? 我認(rèn)為他們不會(huì)借錢給我們的，是嗎？We dont suppose that you have tried you best. 我們都認(rèn)為你沒(méi)有盡力。【即學(xué)即用】I dont think hes finished all the homework, _? A. do I B. is he C. do you D. has he. 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ):be supposed to do sth. 應(yīng)該做，被期待做某事 be in ones charge / be in the charge of sb. 由某人負(fù)責(zé)argue with sb. about/over sth. 與某人爭(zhēng)論某事，就某事和某人爭(zhēng)吵be upset about / over sth. 為而感到心煩意亂make a difference 產(chǎn)生差異，使有所不同，起重要作用forbid sb. to do sth. / forbid sb to do sth 禁止某人做某事Whats up? 怎么了？be hard on sb. 對(duì)某人苛刻in the form of 以的形式should have done sth. 本應(yīng)該做某事而未做followed by a big dog 身后跟著一條大狗go unpunished 饒過(guò)；沒(méi)被懲罰cant wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事have ones arms crossed 雙臂交叉turn up the radio a little 把收音機(jī)音量開(kāi)大一點(diǎn)leave out 漏掉after all 畢竟；別忘了at present 目前，當(dāng)前l(fā)ike crazy 發(fā)瘋似地，拼命地in ones spare time 在某人業(yè)余時(shí)間里keep sth. in mind 牢記be meant to / for 本意為 in a mess 處于混亂狀態(tài)go out （燈）熄滅do with 處理 deal with now that 既然，由于insist on堅(jiān)持get the room tidied up 把房間整理好clean up收拾干凈the only child 獨(dú)生子not any more不再，再也不as though/if 似乎，好像have a good laugh over對(duì)大加嘲笑mix up 混淆，混合be related to和有關(guān)系of great value有很大價(jià)值Internet caf網(wǎng)吧be proud of 以為自豪stay up late 不睡覺(jué)，熬夜到很晚be proud of 以為自豪take / follow ones advice 接受某人的忠告fail (in) the math test 沒(méi)有通過(guò)數(shù)學(xué)測(cè)試prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事waste some time doing sth. 浪費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事refuse to do sth. 拒絕做某事. 重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法-定語(yǔ)從句-關(guān)系副詞的使用 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句介詞+which以及介詞+whom 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，我們用介詞+關(guān)系代詞(whom或which)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。如果指人，用介詞+whom；如果指物，用介詞+which。We could expect good decisions from you. (you做介詞from的賓語(yǔ))We thought you were the person from whom we could expect good decisions. (關(guān)系代詞whom指代先行詞the person, 在從句中做from的賓語(yǔ))You were to buy dog food with the money. (the money做介詞with的賓語(yǔ))The money with which you were to