四級翻譯練習(xí)題費(fèi)下載.doc

1. 中國新年是中國最重要的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，在中國也被稱為春節(jié)。新年的慶祝活動從除夕開始一直延續(xù)到元宵節(jié)，即從農(nóng)歷最后一個月的最后一天至新年第一個月的第十五天。各地歡度春節(jié)的習(xí)俗和傳統(tǒng)有很大差異，但通常每個家庭都會在除夕夜團(tuán)聚，一起吃年夜飯。為驅(qū)厄運(yùn)、迎好運(yùn)，家家戶戶都會進(jìn)行大掃除。人們還會在門上粘貼紅色的對聯(lián)，對聯(lián)的主題為健康、發(fā)財和好運(yùn)。其他的活動還有放鞭炮、發(fā)紅包和探親訪友等。Chinese New year, also called the Spring Festival, is the most important traditional festival in China. The New Year celebrations last from the New Years Eve to the Lantern Festival, that is, from the last day of the last month on the Lunar Calendar to the fifteenth day of the first lunar month of the new year. The custom and traditions celebrating the Spring Festival vary greatly from place to place. But in general, every family will get together on New Years Eve and have a family reunion dinner. To get rid of misfortune and welcome good luck, every family will have a thorough cleanup. People will also paste red couplets whose theme varies from health, wealth to good luck on the door. Other celebrations include setting off firecrackers, sending red packets, visiting friends and relatives, and so on.2. 端午節(jié)，又叫龍舟節(jié)，是為了紀(jì)念愛國詩人屈原。屈原是一位忠誠和受人敬仰的大臣（minister）,他給國家?guī)砹撕推胶头睒s。但最后因?yàn)槭艿秸u謗（vilify）而最終投河自盡。人們撐船到他自盡的地方，拋下粽子，希望魚兒吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身軀。幾千年來，端午節(jié)的特色在于吃粽子（glutinous dumplings）和賽龍舟，尤其是在一些河湖密布的南方省份。The Duanwu Festival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is to commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as a result of being vilified. People got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings into the water, hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of Qu Yuans body. For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and lakes.3. 武術(shù)在我國源遠(yuǎn)流長，是中華民族傳統(tǒng)文化的瑰寶。我們知道，一個民族的優(yōu)秀文化遺產(chǎn)，不僅僅屬于一個民族，它會逐漸傳播到世界而成為人類的共同財富。為了更好的推廣武術(shù)運(yùn)動，使其與奧運(yùn)項(xiàng)目接軌，中國武協(xié)和國際武聯(lián)做了大量的艱苦卓絕的工作?，F(xiàn)在武術(shù)運(yùn)動已被列為一種具有與保齡球運(yùn)動和國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)舞同等地位的奧運(yùn)表演項(xiàng)目。武術(shù)的蓬勃發(fā)展，除得益于其項(xiàng)目本身的吸引力之外，早期移居海外的一代武術(shù)大師功不可沒。老一代武術(shù)家在海外播種下了武術(shù)的種子，使武術(shù)這門既可以自衛(wèi)又可以健身的運(yùn)動很快就在新的土地上扎下了根。今天高超的武術(shù)大師已遍布世界各地，武術(shù)愛好者也與日俱增。Wushu, or Chinese martial art, can be traced back to ancient times. It is a gem of Chinese traditional culture. As we all know, the fine culture of a nation doesn t belong to the nation alone and it will be spread to the rest of the world and shared by all humanity. The Chinese Wushu Association and International Wushu Federation (IWUF) have been working very hard to popularize wushu and make the Chinese martial art closer to the Olympic Movement. Wushu was accepted to join bowling and international standard dance as an Olympic demonstration event.The booming of wushu is attributed not only to the attractiveness of the sport but also to emigrant Chinese wushu masters over the years. Martial artists of the older generations have sown wushu seeds in foreign countries. Wushu, which can be used as self defense and can keep practitioners fit and strong, soon became popular on new lands. Today superb wushu masters are active all over the world, and amateurs are on the increase with each passing day.4. 改革開放 30 年來，隨著中國逐漸崛起成為政治經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)國，海外人士學(xué)習(xí)漢語的現(xiàn)象與日俱增，海外孔子學(xué)院也成了人們學(xué)習(xí)中國語言和中國文化的首選之地。通過學(xué)習(xí)漢語，他們對這個和自己文化大相徑庭的古老文明產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣，而且有機(jī)會了解中國的哲學(xué)、藝術(shù)、醫(yī)學(xué)、飲食文化，親身體驗(yàn)這個文明古國的風(fēng)采。作為第二文化，中國文化也豐富了他們的生活和世界觀?？梢哉f，這個潮流方興未艾。越來越多的學(xué)習(xí)漢語的美國人除了對中國菜肴贊不絕口之外，也在嘗試針灸，草藥和武術(shù)。他們也看功夫電影，學(xué)習(xí)東方時裝潮流和手工藝，不知不覺的在日常生活中談及中國的點(diǎn)心，人參、銀杏，烏龍茶等。目前在美國最熱門的中國文化是道家學(xué)說和有著神秘色彩的風(fēng)水學(xué) 。As china is rising as a political and economic world power, thanks to its three-decade reform and opening up, more and more people in overseas countries start to learn Chinese and turn to a Confucius Institute in their own countries as their first choice learning Chinese language and Chinese culture. During the learning process, the learners concurrently develop their interest in this ancient land, whose civilization is so vastly different from theirs. And the learners have opportunities to learn about Chinese philosophy, art, architecture, medicine and catering culture and experience first- hand the splendors of this venerable civilization. As the second culture, Chinese culture has enriched the life and world outlook of the learners. This trend, so to speak, is gathering momentum and is there to stay. Apart from their love for Chinese cuisine, more and more American learners of Chinese language are turning to Chinese acupuncture, herbal medicines, martial arts. They are also interested in kongfu films, fashions and crafts. Seemingly outlandish words such as dimsum, ginseng, gingko, oolong cha have crept into their everyday language. The latest Chinese cultural icons to make its impact there are Taoism, an ancient school of thought, and fengshui, an ancient art of placement.5. 春節(jié)期間的娛樂活動多種多樣，豐富多彩。耍龍燈和舞獅子是春節(jié)期間的傳統(tǒng)項(xiàng)目。還有一種至今仍受人歡迎的傳統(tǒng)表演活動，叫踩高蹺。現(xiàn)在，隨著生活水平的不斷提高，人們采用了新的方式慶祝新年。但不管慶祝方式怎么變，春節(jié)的精華不會變，那就是為了祈求新年吉祥如意。家家戶戶都會打掃的干干凈凈，門上都會貼上對聯(lián)，人人都會穿上新衣裳，拿出最精美的食物，團(tuán)聚在一起，互道吉利，表示祝賀。最重要的是，春節(jié)是一個合家歡聚的日子，出門在外的人總要想方設(shè)法在除夕夜到來之前趕回家，吃上一年中最重要的一段飯“團(tuán)圓飯”。The recreational activities during the Spring Festival are varied and colorful. The Dagon Dance and Lion Dance are traditionally performed during the festival. Walking on stilts is another traditional performance event popular in china. Nowadays, with the improvement of living standards, people have taken up new ways to celebrate the New Year. No matter what change there might be, the highlights of the Spring Festival will remain the same: hoping for a propitious and happy new year. Each family will clean up the house and put up an antithetical couplet on each side of the door. Dressed up in their best, people will get together, treat each other to the most delicious foods and exch