全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程4課后答案.doc

Unit 1 Text ALanguage Sense Enhancement1. the fierce resistance 2. the long march 3. the devastating enemy 4. bleak 5. launched 6. military might 7. mowed down 8. campaign 9. a painful lesson 10. the aid Language FocusVocabularyI.1. 1) alliance 2)at the cost of 3) stroke 4)limp 5)minus 6) regions 7) declaration 8) siege 9) raw 10) bide his time 11) have taken their toll 12) in the case of 2. 1) is faced with 2)get bogged down 3) is pressing on/pressed on 4) drag on 5) get by 6)dine out 7) have cut back 8) get through 3. 1) head to the conquest of cancer in the near future 2) has been brought to a halt by the delayed arrival of raw materials due to the dock workers strike 3) will/should never get in the way of her career 4) caught the foreign minister off guard 5) of the electronic calculator has rendered the slide rule out of date/obsolete4. 1) Being faced with/the occupation of/regions 2) crucial to/efficient/to reckon with/weaken/be brought to a halt 3) a heroic/the decisive/turned the tide/siege/by launchingII. More Synonyms in the Context1) During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of the most dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium.2) Elizabeth make careful preparations for the interview and her efforts/home-work paid off.3) I spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all my words.4) Pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how her fragile body could withstand the harsh weather. III. Usage1) fall ill 2) lay dead from a heart attack 3) dropped dead from a heart attack 4) fell asleep 5) marrying young 6) to sit still for longer than a few minutesComprehensive ExercisesI. 1. 1) invasion 2) stand in the way 3) catchingoff his guard 4) launching 5) declaration 6) campaign 7) drag on 8) reckon with 9) bringing 10) to al halt2. 1) allow 2) reckoned 3) highly 4) forecasts 5) rapidly 6) instant 7) delivery 8) advantage 9) observing 10) powerful II. 1. 1) Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm. 2) We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons.3) Having been out of a job for 3 months, Phil is increasingly getting desperate.4) Sam, as the project manager is decisive, efficient and accurate in his judgment.5) Since the chemical plant was identified as a source of pollution, the village neighborhood committee decided to close it at the cost of 100 jobs.2. The offensive had lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy at night and launch a surprise attack. To do this we have to cross a marshland, and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. Luckily enough, thanks to the severely cold weather which had made the marshland freeze over, we arrived our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This had turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered.Unit 2 Text ALanguage Sense Enhancement1. care 2. impact 3. orbiting satellites 4. warn of 5. location 6. at any given time 7. vibrate 8. detected 9. calculate 10. convertedLanguage FocusVocabularyI.4. 1) expansion 2) automated 3) vapor 4)take control of 5) hazards 6) satellite 7) vibrated 8) magnetic 9) bunched 10) in the air 11) got/was stuck in 12) approximately 5. 1) send out 2) stand up for 3) pass for 4) were closing in on 5)starting up 6)went through 7) fill out 8) fall into 6. 1) incorporates all the latest safety features 2) two trees ten feet apart 3) awarding lucrative contracts to his construction firm 4) the prototype of a new model before they set up a factory to make the cars 5) are correlated in all racial groups4. 1) the application/ has turned into a reality/ are poised to2) that vibrate/can detect/frequency 3) lanes/are mounted in/alert a /hazard II. Word FormationClipped Words: kilogram/memorandum/gymnasium/liberation/doctor/veterinarian/preparatory/ automobile/influenzaBlends: medical care/electronic mail/communications satellite/news broadcast/sky hijack/ European dollar/breakfast and lunch/television broadcast/Oxford and CambridgeIII. Usage1) swimming pool 2) drawing board 3) enriched Middle English 4) disturbing change 5) fully developed prototype 6) canned food 7) working population 8) puzzling differencesComprehensive ExercisesI. 3. 1) computerized 2) start up 3) be poised to 4) alert 5) hazards 6) monotonous 7) take control of 8) steer 9) lane 10) decrease 11) calculate 12) getting stuck in 14) mounted 15) detect 16) vapor4. 1) generates 2) related 3)revolutionized 4) enable 5) opportunities 6) overall 7) manufacturing 8) dependent 9) interact 10) fatalities II. 3. 1) There was an unusual quietness in the air, except for the sound of artillery in the distance.2) The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall in living standards and an increase in social problems3) The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are closely correlated withglobal temperatures4) The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minute recently.5) The diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised to jump at the signal from the coach.4. Automobiles have, since their invention, revolutionized transportation, changing forever the way people travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, today the application of computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminate most of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refuse to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of getting stuck in traffic jams. Unit 3Key to Part II Reading TaskContent Questions: Pair Work:1. He runs a manufacturing company.2. Almost all of them were no.3. This applicant was ill prepared for the job he was applying for and therefore ill qualified.4. Prepare to win.5. They now have to switch jobs frequently.6. A 90-year-old player who wanted to work on his weakness backhand court.7. Believe in yourself, even when no one else does.8. Because he will mention a cab driver who is different.9. His efforts to make a difference.10. He was offered a ride on a day when Minnesota was hit with one of the worst snowstorms in years and the international airport there was closed for the first time in decades.11. Because there were no tracks left in the snow, which means he was the first person to take off from there.12. Carlson was excited about being first, which is exactly what the writer recommends to job applicants.Text Organization:1. Part One. Paras. 1-6: An ill-prepared college graduate failed his interview.Part Two. Paras 7-27: Four pieces of advice on being a successful interviewee.Part Three. Paras 28-31: Make your own tracks in whatever you do.2. SuggestionsExamples1) Prepare to win1) Michael Jordan2) Never stop learning2) a 90-year-old tennis player3) Believe in yourself, even when 3) the four-minute mile, the New York No one else does.Marathon and the Vietnam veteran4) Find a way to make a difference4) a New York cabdriverLanguage Sense Enhancement:(1) checked with(2) interview(3) grill(4) clippings(5) be right for(6) follow up(7) indicating(8) hand-delivered(9) prepared(10) prospectiveVocabulary: I.1. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases given in the box. Change the form where necessary.1) rude2) physically3) structure4) made a difference5) blurted (out)6) chuckling7) measurable8) prospective9) preparations10) sparkled11) took a crack at12) partner2. Use the verb in the brackets to form an appropriate phrasal verb you have learned and complete the sentence with it.1) go after2) look back on/at3) be put up4) stood for5) build in6) follow up7) be hooked up to8) closed up3. Rewrite each sentence with the word or phrase in the brackets, keeping the same meaning.1) grilled her about where she had been all night.2) beyond Cinderellas wildest dreams that she could one day dance in the Kings palace.3) will be in readers hands soon4) do your homework before going on an interview5) was in the neighborhood of 150 dollars4. Complete the sentences, using the words or phrases in brackets.1) applicants; veteran; the prospective2) From his standpoint; has made every endeavor to go after3) as the saying goes; to have a crack at; barelyII. Words with Multiple Meanings1. behave2. keep (used to avoid repetition)3. clean4. get along5. perform/complete6. perform/complete7. study8. be enough9. be acceptableIII. Usage:1. There is so much to say and it is hard to know where to begin. OK, Ill talk about myself first.2. Thank you very much, John, for your beautiful Christmas card. By the way, I have something here for you.3. The new computer language can be quite easily understood by anyone who can read the daily newspaper. Now, why is this an advantage?4. Im going to work out the outline and will let you know how it goes. By the way, I will see you in February, as I plan to attend your seminar in Shanghai.5. OK, you got the job. Now, how to maximize your profits with as little effort as possible?6. Chris is back from Australia. Incidentally, those pictures you sent me are wonderful.Comprehensive Exercises:I. Cloze.1. Text-related:(1) prospective(2) As I see it(3) done your homework(4) beforehand(5) endeavor(6) structure(7) partners(8) Respond(9) take a crack(10) from the standpoint(11) make a difference(12) follow up1. Theme-related:(1) encouraging(2) inquiry(3) relevant(4) samples(5) references(6) advice(7) preparing(8) seriously(9) probably(10) exhibitII. Translation:1. Translate the sentences into English.1) Despite the inadequate length of the airstrip in this emergency landing, the veteran pilot managed to stop the plane after taxiing for only a short while.2) Grilled by the reporters, the movie star eventually blurted (out) that she had undergone two plastic surgeries.3) We have the technology and our partner has the capital. Working together, well have the future in our hands.4) If I had know beforehand that you would bring some many friends home, I would have made better preparations. You see, I have barely enough food and drinks for a snack.5) People gave generously upon learning that new school rooms with stronger structures were to be built in the earthquake-stricken area.2. Translate the passage into English.Well begun, half done, as the saying goes. It is extremely important for a job applicant to do his homework while seeking employment. From my standpoint, whether or not one has done his homework clearly makes a difference in his chance of success.I have a friend who is earning somewhere in the neighborhood of 100,000 dollars a year in a large computer software company. He told me that from his own experience the decision makers who interview prospective employees like people who are well prepared. Those who make no endeavor to learn as much about his prospective employer as possible dont have much of a chance of success.Unit 4Key to Part II Reading TaskContent Questions: Pair Work:1. Because he feels he is completely international.2. What he means is that if one has a network of friends and enjoys what one is doing, one can function well anywhere in the world.3. It refers to a member of the international business elite who treks each year to the Swiss Alpine town of Davos for the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum.4. The issues include everything from post-election Iraq and HIV in Africa to the global supply of oil and the implication of nanotechnology.5. They all believe that globalization, the unimpeded flows of capital, labor and technology across national borders, is both welcome and unstoppable. They see the world increasingly as one vast, international marketplace in which corporations search for the most advantageous locations to buy, produce and sell their goods and services.6. He describes Davos Man as an emerging global superspecies and a threat.7. Yes, global trade has been around for centuries. In the past, the corporations and countries that benefited from global trade were largely content to treat vast parts of the world as places to mine natural resources or sell finished products.8. It predicted that four economies Russia, Brazil, India and China will become a much larger force in the world economy than widely expected, based on projections of demographics and economic growth, with China potentially overtaking Germany this decade. By 2050, these four newcomers will likely have displaced all but the US and Japan from the top six economies in the world.9. It refers to low-paid migrant workers from Asia and elsewhere who are increasingly providing key services around the world.10. Unlike Davos Man, Manila Woman is strongly patriotic.11. Because he thinks that there are still too many barriers to cross-border business in Europe, let alone the world.12. Davos Man needs to figure out how to strike a balance on a global scale between being international and being national at the same time.Text OrganizationWorking on Your Own:1.Part One, Paras. 1-3: introduction to Davos Man and the World Economic ForumPart Two. Paras. 4-5: Debate over the impact of globalization on current society and culturePart Three. Paras. 6-8: History of globalization and its recent trands and future prospectsPart Four. Paras. 9-11: Globalization versus nationalism and the challenges it faces2. Main Events:2) Davos Man seen their identity as a matter of personal choice, not an accident of birth.3) Davos Man believes that globalization, the unimpeded flows of capital, labor and technology across national borders, it both welcome and unstoppable.4) Davos Man sees the world increasingly as one vast, international marketplace in which corporations search for the most advantageous locations to buy, produce and sell their goods and services.Language Sense Enhancement1. (1) both see their identity(2) birth(3) incidentally(4) annual(5) networking(6) implications(7) Whatever their considerable differences(8) unimpeded flows(9) interconnected marketplace(10) advantageousLanguage FocusVocabulary:I. 1. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases given in the box.1) advantageous2) let alone3) witnessingvanishing4) landmark5) entitled6) displace7) Establishment8) patrioticstrengthen9) contradictions10) aspires11) divorced12) pendulums2. Use the verb in the brackets to form an appropriate phrasal verb you have learned and complete the sentence with it.1) come to2) dozed off3) believed in4) was set apart5) take in6) sucks in7) clean up8) turn away3. Rewrite each sentence with the word or phrase in the brackets.1) makes no/little difference whether we go there by train or by bus.2) overtaken General Motors as the worlds biggest car maker.3) at odds with his wife over money matters.4) been at the forefront of nanotechnology research.5) let alone cook a meal.4. Complete the sentence, using the words or phrases in the brackets.a) is increasinglyto acceleratetheir investmentb) economymake an earneststrike a balance between c) a handful ofbe endorsed byon a large scaleII. Word Formation:WTOWorld Trade Organization世界貿(mào)易組織GDPgross domestic product國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值A(chǔ)TMautomatic teller machine自動出納機VATvalue-added tax增值稅CADcomputer-aided design計算機輔助設(shè)計ITinformation technology信息技術(shù)IDDinternational direct dialing國際直撥電話MTVmusic television音樂電視Radarradio detecting and ranging雷達IOCInternational Olympic Committee國際奧委會VIPvery important person貴賓、大人物L(fēng)aserlight amplification by stimulated emission of radiation激光CPUcentral processing unit中央處理器III. Usage:1) An unusual present, a book on ethics, was given to Henry for his birthday.2) The reason (he gave) that he didnt notice the car till too late was unsatisfactory.3) Football, his only interest in life, has brought him many friends.4) Cloning had been raised as a possibility decades ago, then dismissed, something that serious scientists thought was simply not going to happen anytime soon.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. Text-related:(1) academics; (2) networking(3) a variety of(4) growth(5) vanish(6) facilitate(7) endorsing(8) outlook(9) sweeping aside(10) patriotic(11) erasing(12) strike a balance2. Theme-related:(1) aided(2) effects(3) distances(4) connected(5) invested(6) features(7) prevailing(8) qualitatively(9) volume(10) DistinguishingIII. Translation1. Translate the sentences into English:1) Due to his pessimistic outlook on the European economy, John has moved his assets from Europe to elsewhere.2) I like hiring young people. They are earnest learners and committed to work.3) Unlike her girl friends who center their lives on their children, Mary cares more about her personal growth.4) The Chinese government has introduced a variety of p