外研版七年級英語下冊語法總結(jié).doc

精品文檔 外研版七年級英語下冊語法總結(jié)一一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1. 構(gòu)成：主語+動(dòng)詞+其他2. 標(biāo)志詞：always, usually, often, sometimes, never, 等頻率副詞。3. 否定句：1)當(dāng)動(dòng)詞是 be, can, may, must, should等在其后加not Eg. I cant play football. 2)當(dāng)是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)加助動(dòng)詞dont/doesnt后跟動(dòng)詞原形 Eg. I dont like football. She doesnt like football.4. 疑問句：1)當(dāng)動(dòng)詞是 be, can, may, must, should等將其提前 Eg. Can you swim? 2)當(dāng)是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)將助動(dòng)詞do/does 放在前面，后跟主語和動(dòng)詞原形。 Eg. Does she like football?5. 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句二現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1. 構(gòu)成：主語+be+doing+其他2. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing變化規(guī)律：1）一般情況下直接加-ing, eg. Working2）以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的去e加-ing, eg. Taking3）以輔音字母+元音字母+輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫末尾輔音字母加-ing, eg. Stopping4）特殊變化, lielying3. 標(biāo)志詞：look, listen, now, at the moment, itsoclock4. 否定句：be動(dòng)詞后加not Eg. She is not listening to music.5. 疑問句：將be動(dòng)詞提前 Eg . Is she listening to music?6. 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句三將來時(shí)1. 構(gòu)成：主語+be going to+動(dòng)詞原形 will2. 標(biāo)志詞：tomorrow, next day/month/year等表示將來的時(shí)間3. 否定句：be動(dòng)詞后加not；will后加not Eg. He is not going to have a piano lesson this weekend. He will not have a piano lesson this weekend.4. 疑問句：將be動(dòng)詞提前；將will提前 Eg. Is he going to have a piano lesson this weekend? Will he going to have a piano lesson this weekend?5. 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句四過去時(shí)1. 構(gòu)成：主語+動(dòng)詞過去時(shí)+其他2. 標(biāo)志詞：yesterday, just now, ago, this morning, when I was young,last等3. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)律：1）一般動(dòng)詞結(jié)尾加-ed, eg. Walk-walked2）以字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加- d, eg. Live-lived3）以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i加-ed, eg. Hurryhurried4）以輔音字母+元音字母+輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫末尾輔音字母加-ed, eg. Stop stopped特殊變化詳見課本P1724. 否定句：1）動(dòng)詞be過去式后直接加not Eg. I was not in Chengdu last year. 2) 當(dāng)是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，加助動(dòng)詞didnt后跟動(dòng)詞原形 Eg. I didnt telephone my parents yesterday.5. 疑問句：1) 動(dòng)詞be過去式提前 Eg. Were you in Chengdu last year? 2) 當(dāng)是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)將助動(dòng)詞did 放在前面，后跟主語和動(dòng)詞原形 Eg. Did you telephone my parents yesterday?6. 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句五形容詞、副詞比較級，最高級1. 形容詞（1） 在句子中做定語，一般放在名詞之前。但是當(dāng)形容詞修飾something, somebody, anything, anybody, nothing, nobody時(shí)，要放于其后。Eg. I have an interesting book. There is nothing serious.(2) 作表語，放在系動(dòng)詞之后。Eg. This kind of dress is expensive.(3) 以a-開頭的形容詞，一般在句子中只能作表語。Eg. Keep quiet! My baby is asleep in the room.(4) 作賓語補(bǔ)足語，放在賓語之后。Eg. The good news makes us very happy.2. 副詞副詞在句子中主要做狀語，可以修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞。修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)，一般放在行為動(dòng)詞之后；修飾形容詞時(shí)，一般放在形容詞之前；表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)的副詞一般放在句末或句首；頻度副詞一般放在行為動(dòng)詞之前。 Eg. I cant hear you clearly.3. 比較級用法（1） 可以單獨(dú)使用 eg. I hope to do better in English.（2） 和than一起用 eg. Zhang Jun is stronger than Lin Tao.（3） 其他幾種用法a. 兩者比較，哪一個(gè)更怎么樣？Who/Which + be+比較級， A or B?Eg. Who did better, Lucy or Lily?b. 用比較級形式表達(dá)最高級意義比較級+than any other+n.+比較級范圍（in/of）=比較級+than any of the others+ in/of=比較級+than the other+n.+in/of(在同一范圍內(nèi)比較)比較級+than any + n.+ in/of(在兩個(gè)不同范圍內(nèi)比較)Eg. Kate is more careful than any other girl in our class Shanghai is bigger than any city in Shangdong Province.c. 越來越怎么樣？“比較級+and+比較級”Eg. Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.d. 有范圍的兩者之間的比較用“the+形容詞比較級+of the two”Eg. My mother is the busier of the twoe. 用來修飾比較級的副詞有：much/ far/ lots/ a lot; a litter; even;still等4. 最高級用法 用來對三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或事物進(jìn)行比較，形容詞的最高級前必須加定冠詞the,副詞前的the可以省略。a. 最高級+范圍Eg. Changjian is the longest river in China.b. 主語+be+one of the+形容詞最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+比較級范圍（of/in短語），表示“最的之一”。Eg. Yang Liwei is one of