全新版大學(xué)英語(第二版)31—2

UnitOneChangeintheWayWeLive Part1Pre readingActivities Task1Discussion Newideasarewelcomed 1 Whatarethedifferencesbetweencitylifeandcountrylife 2 Inyouropinion whichisbetter livinginthecountryorlivinginthecity Givereasons EnjoySomePictures EnjoyPicturesofCityLife EnjoyPicturesofCountryside Beautifulcountryside Beautifulcountryside Beautifulcountryside CityCountry noisy unfreshair uncleanwater crowded highcrimerate liveinhighbuildings moreentertainmentcolorfulsparetime quiet freshair cleanwater lesscrowded lesscrimes liveinabighousewithagarden lessentertainmentfriendlytoeachother 3 Inyouropinion whichisbetter livinginthecountryorlivinginthecity Givereasons Sample CityLife Enjoyallsortsofservicesandentertainmentseasytravelqualifiededucationandgoodhealthcareovercrowdedandnoisypollutiontrafficaccidentsimmoralacts Sample CountryLife simpleandquietinclosecontactwithnaturefriendlinesslongerlifelowcostoflivingOutdatedandconservativelessdevelopededucationalfacilitiesandmedicalservices Mr DohertyBuildsHisDreamLife ByJimDoherty TextOrganization PartOne paras1 3PartTwo Paras4 7PartThree Paras8 11PartFour Paras12 15 PartIThewriterviewshislifeinthecountryasa and one PartIILifeinthecountryis butyetsometimesvery PartIIIAfter thewriter sincomewas butheandhisfamilycanmanagetogetby PartIVAtolerancefor andalotof havemadeitpossibleforthefamilytoenjoytheirlifeinthecounty self reliant satisfying good hard quittinghisjob reduced solitude energy TextOrganization Question1 Whoistheauthorofthistext Afatheroffourchildren Question2 Doeshelikelivinginacity No hefeelsfrustratedtoliveinthecity Question3 Whatdoesheexpecttohavewhenlivingonafarm Toenjoyapeacefullifeandnature Tohaveaself reliantsortoflife Question4 Howdoestheauthorenjoythelifeinthecountry 1 Growingfruitsandvegetables2 Breedinghensforeggs andbeesforhoney 3 Canoeingontheriver 4 Picnickinginthewoods 5 Bicycleriding 6 Skiingandskating HappyMomentsandEvents 1 growingnearlyalltheirfruitsandvegetables2 canoeing picnicking longbicyclerides etc 3 keepingwarminsidethehouseinwinter4 writingfreelancearticles5 earningenoughmoneywhilemaintainingahappyfamilylife Question5 Isthecountrylifealwaysashappyasitisthoughttobe No absolutelynot Therearecasesinwhichhumanbeingssufferfromnaturaldisasters Therearecasesthatpeoplehavetoworkhardinordertosupporttheirliving Lifeistoughonfarmsometimes Hardships 1 workinghardbothinwinterandinsummer2 harshenvironmentandweathercondition3 anxiousmomentsafterthewriterquithisjob4 cuttingbackonthedailyexpenses5 solitude TextComprehension Part1Para1Whatarethetwothingsthatthewriterhasalwayswantedtodo Wheredoestheauthor scontentmentcomefrom E lwyn B rooks White 1899 1985 LeadingAmericanessayistandjournalistofhistime Whitewasknownforhiscrisp graceful relaxedstyle White sstoriesrangedfromsatiretochildren sfiction Whileheoftenwrotefromtheperspectiveofslightlyironiconlooker StuartLittle Charlotte sWeb getby Line3 1 begoodenoughbutnotverygood managetoliveordothings e g Ican tgetbyonsuchasmallincome 2 欺騙得逞e g 這是個(gè)聰明的計(jì)劃 但是會(huì)得逞嗎 Thisisacleverplan butwillitgetby Collocations getacross beunderstoodgetawaywith runawaywithoutbeingpunishedgetroundtodoingsth finallydosth afterdealingwithothermatters tofindthetimetodosth 騰出時(shí)間做某事getover forget overcomegetthrough dosth successfully ExercisesHe goingbackhomeincountrysideforashortrest We vestoredenoughfoodandfuelto thecoldwinter gotroundto getthrough Itisabithardfortheoldcoupleto onasmallamountofpension 退休金 Thetellerhadbeenstealingmoneyfromthebankand it getby gotawaywith Shecan t hershyness Didyourspeech tothestudents getover getacross Part1 2 makeit 度過 熬過justabout 幾乎 差不多 相當(dāng)于almostExample Wewerejustaboutreadytoleavewhenitstartedsnowing 我們差不多準(zhǔn)備好要走了 天下起雪來 Wecutenoughfoodtojustaboutmakeitthrough我們砍了足夠的柴 差不多可以熬過冬天了theheatingseason指 取暖的冬季 3 low COWNOISE vi tomakethedeep longsoundofacow thesoundofcattlelowingapiggruntsafrogcroaksaduckquacksabeehumsawolfhowlsalionroarsadogbarksacatmews TextComprehension Part2Para4Pleasedescribethetoughfarmlifebythewordslistedbelow haulingfirewooduptheriver cultivatecorn weedstrawberries killchickens retilethebackroof makesomelong overdueimprovements spraytheorchard paintthebarn plantthegarden cleanthehenhouse 30below 95above recently soon laterthismonth 4 Fahrenheitscalesvs CelsiusscalesScalesoftemperature Representedby F C FC F 32 5 9IfF 95C 華氏 攝氏 35 5 haul L 16 v t topullsomethingheavyslowlyandwithdifficulty Theyhauledtheboatoutofthewater Thefarmershauledvegetablestothemarketonatruckeverymorning 7 tilenoun C athin usuallysquareorrectangular pieceofbakedclay plastic etc usedforcoveringroofs floors walls etc verb T tocoverawallorfloorwithtiles We regoingtotilethebath room tiledadjective 8 SoonJim 16andEmily 13 theyoungestofourfourchildren willhelpmemakesomelong overdueimprovementontheout doortoiletthatsupplements when para4 makeanimprovementon 對 做出改進(jìn) 改善Example 他對這個(gè)工程已做了很大的改進(jìn) Hehasmademuchimprovementonthisproject thatsupplementsourindoorplumbing字面意思是 補(bǔ)充我們室內(nèi)的廁所 theplumbing 抽水馬桶 Part2 supplement Line21 v addtosth inordertoimproveit followedbywith eg 1 Billdoesoccasionalpart timejobtosupplementhisincome 2 醫(yī)生建議我在飲食中補(bǔ)充維C和維E ThedoctorsuggestedsupplementingmydietwithvitaminsCandE supplementaryadj additional Trans 過些時(shí)候 16歲的吉姆和四個(gè)孩子中最小的一個(gè) 13歲的埃米莉 會(huì)幫著我一起把拖了很久沒修的室外廁所整修一下 那是專為室外干活蓋的 Part2 9 Inbetweensuchchores Imanagetospend50to60hoursaweekatthetype writerordoingreportingforthefreelancearticlesIselltomagazinesandnewspapers L24 在這些活計(jì)之間 我每周要抽空花五六十個(gè)小時(shí) 不是打字撰文 就是為我作為自由攥稿人投給報(bào)刊的文章進(jìn)行采訪 TextComprehension Part2Para6Aspecificexampleoftheirhardbuthappylife Para7Whatarethetwofloodsthespringbrings Theriveroverflowed coveringourlandsforweeks Thegrowingseasonswampusunderwaveafterwaveofproduce metaphor 12 blast DESTROY verb1 toexplodeordestroysomethingorsomeonewithexplosives ortobreakthroughorhitsomethingwithasimilar verystrongforce Atunnelwastobeblastedthroughthemountains Theyheardthegunsblastingawayallnight blastnoun C anexplosion Threepeoplewereinjuredintheblast 2 asuddenstrongblowofair Ablastofcoldairhithimasheopenedthewindow 14 Overflow v 溢出Over verb 1 過多 過于2 跨過 在 上面Eg 忽視過期偷聽超過克服監(jiān)視 監(jiān)督夸張 夸大濫用 過度使用 Overdue L 20 OveruseOversee L 27 OvercomeOvertakeOverhearOverlookOverstate 11 Cherry 12Raspberry raspberry 13 Strawberry 14 Asparagus 15 Plum 16 Bean 17 Jams Jellies 18 Jam 19 Squash TextComprehension Part3Para8Whatdecisiondidthewritermakeinthefollowingyear ThesecondyearonthefarmIquitmyjobandstarttofreelance Atthatpointthetimingwasterrible Willthereeverbeabettertime Decidedly definitely undoubtedly absolutelyNO 16 freelanceadj adv doingparticularpiecesofworkfordifferentorganizations ratherthanworkingallthetimeforasingleorganization afreelanceartistMostofthejournalistsIknoware workfreelance freelanceorfreelancernoun C Thefirmemploysseveralfreelances IvyLeague常春藤聯(lián)合會(huì) Eightlong establishedcollegesanduniversitiesintheUnitedStateswithprestigiousacademicandsocialreputations BrownUniversity布朗大學(xué) ColumbiaUniversity哥倫比亞大學(xué) CornellUniversity康奈爾大學(xué) DartmouthCollege達(dá)特茅斯學(xué)院 UniversityofPennsylvania賓西法尼亞大學(xué) PrincetonUniversity普林斯頓大學(xué) YaleUniversity耶魯大學(xué) Ifyouwanttoknowmoreabouttheseschools youarewelcomedtologontotheirwebsites BrownUniversitywww brown eduColumbiaUniversitywww columbia eduCornellUniversitywww cornell eduDartmouthCollegewww dartmouth eduHarvardUniversitywww harvard eduUniversityofPennsylvaniawww upenn eduPrincetonUniversitywww princeton eduYaleUniversitywww yale edu TextComprehension Part3Para9Isthereanyanxiousmomentssincethewriterstartedtofreelance Therehavebeenafewanxiousmomentssincethen butonbalancethingshavegonemuchbetterthanwehadanyrighttoexpect Onbalance onthewhole inaword keepone sbalance loseone sbalanceinthebalance不確定 成敗或安危未定 懸而未決Thefutrueofthenationisinthebalance Para9Whatdidthewriterhavetodoinordertowritehisstories Part3 17 illustrate Line56 v providewithvisualfeatures clarifybyuseofexamples etc eg 1 Letmeuseanotherexampletoillustratethisdifficultpoint 2 Theeditorhasillustratedthebookwithcolorphotos 18 DigestSomebooksaretobetasted otherstobeswallowed andsomefewtobechewedanddigested Bacon書有可淺嘗者 有可吞食者 少數(shù)則須咀嚼消化 TextComprehension Part3Para10Whataretheexpenseswehavetocover Mortgagepayments 600amonthOurusualexpenses musiclessonsdentalbillscarrepairscollegecostsInsurance thefirst 500ofanymedicalfeesforeachmember then 560ayear twocarsat 400ayear Aftercoveringalltheexpensesabove theystillhave 2 000ayearinanIRA TextComprehension Part3Para11Theirentertainmentlife withoutloweringourstandardsofliving Dineout onceortwiceamonthAttendtheoperaandballet onlyafewtimesayearEat Drink See Combinevacationswithstoryassignments 20 bestuckwith havetodoorhave esp unwillingly here stuck isthepastparticipleof stick 不得不做 不得不接納e g Wewerestuckwithrelativeswhocametostayunexpectedly Part3 cutback Line71 reduceinsizeoramountcutbacksth eg Developedcountriesshoulddomoretocutbackcarbonemissions cutbackonsth eg 政府已經(jīng)削減了國防方面的開支 Thegovernmenthascutbackondefensespending TextComprehension Part4Para12 13Whatarethespecialqualityrequiredforlifeonafarm atoleranceforsolitude alotofenergy Part4 28 suspect Line78 v suspectsb sth ofsth suspectthat eg 1 Hewassuspectedoftellingliesinthecourt 2 Istronglysuspectedthatthey retryingtogetridofme n apersonwhoissuspectedofdoingsth wrongeg Thepolicehavetakenthesuspecttothestation Part4 30 ona scale Line85 toa degreeeg Thegovernmentonlypermittedpublicdemonstrationsofstudentsonasmallscale 政府只允許學(xué)生小規(guī)模的示威游行 Weshouldpopularizescienceonagrandscale 我們應(yīng)該大規(guī)模普及科學(xué) Part4 31 resist Line85 eg Thekidscan tresistthetemptationofMcDonald s Inmyviewstudentsshouldresistthetemptationtoplaycomputergamesalldaylong TextComprehension Part4Para14Whatwillthefuturebe Maybequiteawhile maybenot leavewithafeelingofsorrowbutalsowithasenseofpride madeaprofit TextComprehension Part4Para15Whydidtheychoosetoliveinthecountry Wecomeheretoimprovethequalityofourlives 靠 為生liveoff找時(shí)間做 終于做getroundto把夢想變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)putone sdreamsintopractice創(chuàng)建理想生活buildone sdreamlife過得去getby BeautifulExpressions 尋覓心靈的滿足findcontentment自力更生的生活aself reliantsortoflife繁忙的工作日程demandingschedule日常的家務(wù)usualhouseholdroutine BeautifulExpressions 老話說的好Astheoldsayinggoes享受生活enjoy loveeveryminuteofsth 過冬getthroughthewinter帶著某人的祝福withsb sblessings總的來說onbalance BeautifulExpressions 每月600美金的貸款按揭 600 a monthmortgagepayments至于whenitcomesto 付帳pickup彌補(bǔ)收入差額makeupthedifferenceinincome BeautifulExpressions 外出吃飯dineout耐得住寂寞atoleranceforsolitude愴chuang然里去leavewithafeelingofsorrow提高生活質(zhì)量improvethequalityofourlives BeautifulExpressions TechniquesemployedtoAchieveCoherence Useoftransitional signaldevices ComparisonandContrastTopicsentencesfollowedbysupportingdetailsa Paralleleddetailsentencesb Detailsentenceswithhierarchy TextAnalysis ReadPara4andfindoutsometransitionalwords threemonthsagothreemonthsfromnowRecentlylaterthismonth Summary ThisessayisaboutMr Doherty s ofmovingfromthe tothe andthe thatresultfromthismove Mr Dohertyhasalwaysdreamedoftwothings and Afteryearsof and heandhisfamilymadethebigdecision hiswell paidfull timejobinthecityandmovetothecountry Theyenjoythenewlifeverymuch butthenewlifeisnotjustfun itcan becomerather sometimes Theyhaveto themselvesforalmosteverything After alotofunimaginabledifficulties theyarenowquiteusedtotheirnewlifeandenjoyingitheartily Mr Dohertyexplainsthatlifeinthecountryrequirestwospecialqualities atolerancefor andalotof However heisnotsurehowlonghisfamilycanstayoninthecountry asthiskindoflifeisnotonly butalso ThisessayisaboutMr Doherty sexperienceofmovingfromthecitytothecountryandthechangesthatresultfromthismove Mr Dohertyhasalwaysdreamedoftwothings writingandlivingonafarm Afteryearsoffrustrationandhesitation heandhisfamilymadethebigdecision quittinghiswell paidfull timejobinthecityandmovetothecountry Theyenjoythenewlifeverymuch butthenewlifeisnotjustfun itcan becomerathertoughsometimes Theyhavetorelyonthemselvesforalmosteverything Afterovercomingalotofunimaginabledifficulties theyarenowquiteusedtotheirnewlifeandenjoyingitheartily Mr Dohertyexplainsthatlifeinthecountryrequirestwospecialqualities atoleranceforsolitudeandalotofenergy However heisnotsurehowlon